CN111934387B - Method for charging and discharging storage battery - Google Patents
Method for charging and discharging storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111934387B CN111934387B CN202010830705.1A CN202010830705A CN111934387B CN 111934387 B CN111934387 B CN 111934387B CN 202010830705 A CN202010830705 A CN 202010830705A CN 111934387 B CN111934387 B CN 111934387B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a charging and discharging method of a storage battery, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a storage battery pack, a performance detection unit, a charging circuit and a discharging circuit; the storage battery pack comprises a plurality of storage batteries, and the performance detection unit is connected with the storage battery pack and used for detecting the performance of the storage battery pack; the charging circuit is connected with the storage battery pack and used for charging the storage battery in the storage battery pack by using a power supply; the discharging circuit is connected with the storage battery pack and used for setting the discharging standard D (D1, D2, D3 …, Dn) and the charging standard C (C1, C2, C3 …, Cn) of the storage battery pack for supplying power to the load by using the electric quantity of the storage battery in the storage battery pack; if the storage battery in the storage battery pack meets the corresponding discharge standard or charge standard, the storage battery in the storage battery pack enables the charge circuit to charge the storage battery in the use process, or enables the discharge circuit to discharge the storage battery, so that the storage battery can be charged and discharged after any storage battery meets the charge standard or the discharge standard, the real-time protection of the storage battery is realized, the overcharge or feed is effectively prevented, and the service life of the storage battery is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of storage batteries, in particular to a charging and discharging method of a storage battery.
Background
With the development of power electronic technology, many power conversion devices in power systems apply the power electronic technology, and change and control of electric energy are realized by rectifying, inverting, frequency conversion, phase conversion and the like of the power conversion devices.
The storage battery charging and discharging device is no exception, the storage battery has the capacity of storing electric energy, the storage battery can be discharged outwards, the storage battery can be charged due to the energy storage of the storage battery, and the charging and discharging functions of the storage battery are mature. However, the efficiency of the charging and discharging function of the storage battery in the prior art is low, and the service life of the storage battery is limited due to improper use of the storage battery, so that the application of the storage battery has many limitations in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a charging and discharging method of a storage battery, which can solve the problem of low charging and discharging efficiency in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for charging and discharging a storage battery, comprising: the device comprises a storage battery pack, a performance detection unit, a charging circuit and a discharging circuit; the storage battery pack comprises a plurality of storage batteries, and the performance detection unit is connected with the storage battery pack and used for detecting the performance of the storage battery pack; the charging circuit is connected with the storage battery pack and used for charging a storage battery in the storage battery pack by using a power supply; the discharging circuit is connected with the storage battery pack and used for supplying power to a load by using the electric quantity of a storage battery in the storage battery pack; setting a discharge criterion D (D1, D2, D3 …, Dn) and a charge criterion C (C1, C2, C3 …, Cn) of the battery pack, wherein D1 represents the discharge criterion of a first battery in the battery pack, D2 represents the discharge criterion of a second battery in the battery pack, D3 represents the discharge criterion of a third battery in the battery pack, and Dn represents the discharge criterion of an nth battery in the battery pack; c1 represents the discharge criteria for the first battery in the battery pack, C2 represents the discharge criteria for the second battery in the battery pack, C3 represents the discharge criteria for the third battery in the battery pack, Cn represents the discharge criteria for the nth battery in the battery pack; and if the ith storage battery in the storage battery pack meets the corresponding discharge standard or charge standard, enabling the charge circuit to charge the ith storage battery or enabling the discharge circuit to discharge the ith storage battery in the use process.
Further, the charging standard of the storage battery in the storage battery pack is changed according to the real-time electric quantity of the storage battery pack and the temperature of the storage battery; establishing a first charging matrix Z1 (q 1, t 1), a second charging matrix Z2 (q 2, t 2), a third charging matrix Z3 (q 3, t 3), a fourth charging matrix Z4 (q 4, t 4) and a fifth charging matrix Z5 (q 5, t 5), wherein q1 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity less than 30%, and t1 represents that the current temperature is less than 20 ℃; q2 represents the accumulator with the real-time electric quantity between 30% and 60%, and t2 represents the current temperature between 20 and 25; q3 represents a storage battery with the real-time electricity quantity between 60% and 80%, and t3 represents that the current temperature is between 25% and 30%; q4 represents the storage battery with the real-time electricity quantity between 80% and 90%, and t4 represents the current temperature between 30% and 35; q5 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity being more than 90%, and t5 represents that the current temperature is between 35 and 45%; and arranging the charging sequence of the storage batteries of the storage battery pack according to the charging matrix, so that the storage batteries are sequentially charged according to the sequence of a first charging matrix, a second charging matrix, a third charging matrix, a fourth charging matrix and a fifth charging matrix.
Further, the storage battery discharging standard in the storage battery pack is dynamically changed according to the real-time electric quantity and the service life of the storage battery pack, and a first discharging matrix M1 (Q1, T1), a second discharging matrix M2 (Q2, T2), a third discharging matrix M3 (Q3, T3), a fourth discharging matrix M4 (Q4, T4) and a fifth discharging matrix M5 (Q5, T5) are established, wherein Q1 represents the storage battery with the real-time electric quantity larger than 90%, and T1 represents the service life smaller than 2 months; q2 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 80% and 90%, and T2 represents the use duration between 2 months and 5 months; q3 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 60% and 80%, and T3 represents the use time of 5-10 months; q4 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 30% and 60%, and T4 represents the use duration between 10 and 18 months; q5 represents the storage battery with real-time electric quantity less than 30%, T5 represents the service life more than 18 months, and the storage batteries of the storage battery pack are arranged according to the discharging matrix, so that the storage batteries are sequentially discharged according to the sequence of the first discharging matrix, the second discharging matrix, the third discharging matrix, the fourth discharging matrix and the fifth discharging matrix.
Further, if the first discharge matrix comprises a plurality of storage batteries, the storage batteries are sequentially discharged from large to small according to the discharge efficiency of the storage batteries, and the discharge efficiency is the time taken by the storage batteries from the first electric quantity to the second electric quantity; the discharge efficiency of the first discharge matrix is the time taken by the storage battery from 98% to 92%; the discharge efficiency of the second discharge matrix is the time taken by the storage battery from 88% to 82%; the discharge efficiency of the third discharge matrix is the time taken by the storage battery from 75% to 65%; the discharge efficiency of the fourth discharge matrix is the time taken by the storage battery from 55% to 35%; the discharge efficiency of the first discharge matrix is the time taken by the storage battery from 25% to 20%.
Further, if the first charging matrix comprises a plurality of storage batteries, the storage batteries are sequentially charged from large to small according to the charging efficiencies of the storage batteries, the charging efficiency is the time taken by the storage batteries from a third electric quantity to a fourth electric quantity, the charging efficiency of the first charging matrix is the time taken by the storage batteries from 20% to 25%, the charging efficiency of the second charging matrix is the time taken by the storage batteries from 35% to 55%, the charging efficiency of the third charging matrix is the time taken by the storage batteries from 65% to 75%, the charging efficiency of the fourth charging matrix is the time taken by the storage batteries from 82% to 88%, and the charging efficiency of the fifth charging matrix is the time taken by the storage batteries from 92% to 98%.
Further, a discharge efficiency criterion k (k 1, k2, k3, k4, k 5) is set, if the discharge efficiency of the battery in the first discharge matrix is compared with k1, the discharge efficiency of the battery in the second discharge matrix is compared with k2, the discharge efficiency of the battery in the third discharge matrix is compared with k3, the discharge efficiency of the battery in the fourth discharge matrix is compared with k3, the discharge efficiency of the battery in the fifth discharge matrix is compared with k5, and if the discharge efficiency of the battery in each discharge matrix is lower than the discharge efficiency criterion, the battery is replaced.
Further, a charging efficiency standard K (K1, K2, K3, K4 and K5) is set, if the charging efficiency of the storage battery in the first charging matrix is compared with K1, the charging efficiency of the storage battery in the second charging matrix is compared with K2, the charging efficiency of the storage battery in the third charging matrix is compared with K3, the charging efficiency of the storage battery in the fourth charging matrix is compared with K3, the charging efficiency of the storage battery in the fifth charging matrix is compared with K5, and if the discharging efficiency of the storage battery in each charging matrix is lower than the charging efficiency standard, the storage battery is replaced.
Further, m storage batteries are included in the fifth charging matrix, if m/2 or more storage batteries in the storage batteries can not reach K5, the charging efficiency standard is lowered to 0.9 xK 5; if more than m/2 storage batteries in the storage batteries reach K5, the charging efficiency standard is improved to 1.1 xK 5.
Further, n storage batteries are included in the fifth discharge matrix, and if more than n/2 storage batteries in the storage batteries can not reach k5, the discharge efficiency standard is lowered to 0.9 xk 5; if more than n/2 storage batteries in the storage batteries reach k5, the discharge efficiency standard is improved to 1.1 xk 5.
The control unit is respectively connected with the charging circuit, the discharging circuit and the performance detection unit; the control unit is used for enabling the charging circuit or the discharging circuit according to the data detected by the performance detection unit.
Compared with the prior art, the battery pack has the advantages that by setting the discharging standard D (D1, D2, D3 …, Dn) and the charging standard C (C1, C2, C3 …, Cn) of the battery pack, charging and discharging can be carried out only when any storage battery meets the charging standard or the discharging standard, real-time protection of the storage battery is achieved, overcharge or feeding is effectively prevented, the service life of the storage battery is prolonged, the corresponding charging and discharging standard can be selected according to actual needs, actual needs of users on charging speed and electric quantity needed by loads are met, and working efficiency of the storage battery is improved.
Furthermore, a charging matrix is established for the storage batteries in the storage battery pack, all the storage batteries are classified to belong to different charging matrixes, and then the storage batteries are charged according to the electric quantity and the temperature of the storage batteries in a preset sequence. The charging is sequentially carried out by adopting the sequence of the first charging matrix, the second charging matrix, the third charging matrix, the fourth charging matrix and the fifth charging matrix, the use habit of a user is met, the service life of the storage battery can be effectively protected, and the switching of a control charging circuit is reduced.
Further, the discharge capacity of the storage batteries is arranged by establishing the discharge matrix, so that the discharge capacity of all the storage batteries in the storage battery pack is overall, the first discharge matrix is a storage battery with large electric quantity and short service life, the storage battery in the first discharge matrix has better discharge capacity than the storage batteries in other discharge matrices, and as can be understood by those skilled in the art, parameters in the discharge capacity matrix can include discharge efficiency in addition to the electric quantity and the service life, and parameters in the corresponding charge capacity matrix can also include charge efficiency, which is not described herein. Specifically, the discharging capacity of the storage battery is sequentially discharged through the sequence of the first discharging matrix, the second discharging matrix, the third discharging matrix, the fourth discharging matrix and the fifth discharging matrix, so that the storage battery in the storage battery pack is uniformly arranged and planned in the actual use process, the storage battery with large electric quantity and short use time is used first, the switching of the discharging circuit in each time meets a certain rule, and the operation is convenient.
Furthermore, the charging and discharging method for the storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention, by setting the discharging matrix, discharges the storage battery with more electricity and shorter service life firstly, and discharges the storage battery with less electricity and longer service life last, so that the discharging process of the whole storage battery tends to exhaust the electricity in the storage battery, improves the service efficiency of the storage battery, and can also protect the storage battery with poor performance, because in practical application, the storage battery with good performance is always used first, the storage battery with better performance is fully utilized, and the storage battery with poorer performance is always used later in time, but if the charging or discharging process is in the middle, it means that a part of the storage batteries cannot be used all the time due to poor performance, but in the dynamic process, the service life is added, the utilization rate of the storage battery is balanced, the storage battery pack is optimally used in the dynamic balancing process, the use efficiency is improved, and the service life of the storage battery can be prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a charging and discharging method of a storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for charging and discharging a battery, where a circuit structure applied in the method includes a battery pack 10, a performance detection unit 20, a charging circuit 30, and a discharging circuit 40, where the battery pack 10 includes a plurality of batteries, and the performance detection unit 20 is connected to the battery pack 10 to detect performance of the battery pack 10; the charging circuit 30 is connected to the battery pack 10, and is configured to charge a battery in the battery pack 10 with a power supply; the discharge circuit is connected with the storage battery pack 10 and used for supplying power to the storage batteries in the storage battery pack 10 as loads, the storage battery pack 10 comprises n storage batteries, the performance of each storage battery is different, each storage battery is detected by the performance detection unit 20 to obtain the corresponding performance parameter of the storage battery, the performance parameters of the storage battery can comprise the real-time electric quantity, the real-time temperature, the service life and the like of each storage battery, the performance parameters of each storage battery are obtained by the performance detection unit 20, the actual condition of the storage battery is known, so that the storage battery can be charged and discharged according to actual needs, the feeding or overcharging of the storage battery is prevented, the service life of the storage battery is influenced, and the utilization efficiency of the storage battery pack is prolonged. The method comprises the steps that a discharging standard D (D1, D2, D3 …, Dn) and a charging standard C (C1, C2, C3 …, Cn) of a storage battery pack are set, and if the ith storage battery in the storage battery pack meets the discharging standard or the charging standard corresponding to the ith storage battery, the ith storage battery enables a charging circuit to charge the ith storage battery or enables the discharging circuit to discharge the ith storage battery in the using process.
Specifically, the discharge standard D (D1, D2, D3 …, Dn) and the charge standard C (C1, C2, C3 …, Cn) of the battery pack may be electric quantity, charge-discharge efficiency, etc., and the charge standard and the discharge standard of the battery pack may also be different for different use environments, for example, when quick charge is required, the charge efficiency in the discharge standard is preferred, and the storage battery with the fastest charge efficiency is selected to be discharged, so that the load can complete charge in the fastest time; however, there are problems that the battery has a small amount of power and the battery is scrapped due to the fact that the battery is fed with power when the load of the battery needs a large amount of power. When the electric quantity needed by the load is large and the discharge quantity requirement of the storage battery is large, the storage battery with large electric quantity can be discharged firstly, but the storage battery has the possible problems that the discharge efficiency is not high and the charging process is long, so that the charging standard and the discharging standard of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the invention are that a user selects the corresponding charging and discharging standard according to the actual requirement of the user and the load requirement, and if the storage battery meets the charging or discharging standard, the corresponding charging circuit or the corresponding discharging circuit can be enabled to carry out charging and discharging work so as to meet the requirement of the user.
According to the charging and discharging method of the storage battery, provided by the embodiment of the invention, by setting the discharging standard D (D1, D2, D3 …, Dn) and the charging standard C (C1, C2, C3 …, Cn) of the battery pack, charging and discharging can be carried out only when any storage battery meets the charging standard or the discharging standard, so that the real-time protection of the storage battery is realized, overcharge or feed is effectively prevented, the service life of the storage battery is prolonged, the corresponding charging and discharging standard can be selected according to actual needs, the actual needs of a user on the charging speed and the electric quantity required by a load are met, and the working efficiency of the storage battery is improved.
In particular, in the practical use process, the energy of the storage battery pack is very large, each storage battery in the storage battery pack needs to be fully utilized so as to maximize the utilization rate of the storage battery, therefore, in the method for charging and discharging the storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention, the charging standard of the storage battery is further explained, the charge criteria for the battery are applicable to each battery in the battery pack, and specifically, the charge criteria are established, the charging standard is determined according to the charge and the temperature, specifically, a first charging matrix Z1 (q 1, t 1), a second charging matrix Z2 (q 2, t 2), a third charging matrix Z3 (q 3, t 3), a fourth charging matrix Z4 (q 4, t 4), a fifth charging matrix Z5 (q 5, t 5) are established, wherein q1 represents a storage battery with real-time electric quantity less than 30%, and t1 represents that the current temperature is less than 20 ℃; q2 represents a storage battery with the real-time electricity quantity between 30% and 60%, and t2 represents that the current temperature is between 20% and 25%; q3 represents a storage battery with the real-time electricity quantity between 60% and 80%, and t3 represents that the current temperature is between 25% and 30%; q4 represents the storage battery with the real-time electricity quantity between 80% and 90%, and t4 represents the current temperature between 30% and 35; q5 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity being more than 90%, and t5 represents that the current temperature is between 35 and 45%; arranging the storage batteries of the storage battery pack according to the charging sequence of the charging matrix, sequentially charging the storage batteries according to the sequence of a first charging matrix, a second charging matrix, a third charging matrix, a fourth charging matrix and a fifth charging matrix, classifying all the storage batteries in the storage battery pack by establishing the charging matrices for the storage batteries in the storage battery pack to enable the storage batteries to belong to different charging matrices, and then charging the storage batteries according to the electric quantity and the temperature of the storage batteries according to a preset sequence, wherein in the practical application process, the storage battery with low electric quantity and low use temperature is charged firstly, and the storage battery with saturated electric quantity and high temperature is charged last, so that the storage battery pack is charged reasonably and accords with the habit of a user, in order to keep the continuity of charging and prevent the storage battery with more electric quantity and high temperature from being charged firstly in the charging process, it may cause the battery to be overcharged or over-heated, which may affect the practical use thereof. The charging is sequentially carried out by adopting the sequence of the first charging matrix, the second charging matrix, the third charging matrix, the fourth charging matrix and the fifth charging matrix, the use habit of a user is met, the service life of the storage battery can be effectively protected, and the switching of a control charging circuit is reduced.
Specifically, in order to prolong the service life of the storage battery and meet the use habits of users, the discharge mode of the storage battery also has corresponding rules, the discharge standard of the storage battery in the storage battery pack is dynamically changed according to the real-time electric quantity and the use duration of the storage battery, and a first discharge matrix M1 (Q1, T1), a second discharge matrix M2 (Q2, T2), a third discharge matrix M3 (Q3, T3), a fourth discharge matrix M4 (Q4, T4), a fifth discharge matrix M5 (Q5, T5) are established, wherein Q1 represents the storage battery with the real-time electric quantity being greater than 90%, and T1 represents the use duration being less than 2 months; q2 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 80% and 90%, and T2 represents the use duration between 2 months and 5 months; q3 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 60% and 80%, and T3 represents the use time of 5-10 months; q4 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 30% and 60%, and T4 represents the use duration between 10 and 18 months; q5 represents the storage battery with real-time electric quantity less than 30%, T5 represents the service life more than 18 months, and the storage batteries of the storage battery pack are arranged according to the discharging matrix, so that the storage batteries are sequentially discharged according to the sequence of the first discharging matrix, the second discharging matrix, the third discharging matrix, the fourth discharging matrix and the fifth discharging matrix. The discharge capacity of the storage batteries is arranged by establishing the discharge matrix, so that the discharge capacity of all the storage batteries in the storage battery pack is overall, the first discharge matrix is a storage battery with large electric quantity and short service life, the storage battery in the first discharge matrix has better discharge capacity relative to the storage batteries in other discharge matrices, and when the storage battery pack is understood by a person skilled in the art, parameters in the discharge capacity matrix can include discharge efficiency besides the electric quantity and the service life, and parameters in the corresponding charge capacity matrix can also include charge efficiency, which is not described herein.
Specifically, the discharging capacity of the storage battery is sequentially discharged through the sequence of the first discharging matrix, the second discharging matrix, the third discharging matrix, the fourth discharging matrix and the fifth discharging matrix, so that the storage battery in the storage battery pack is uniformly arranged and planned in the actual use process, the storage battery with large electric quantity and short use time is used first, the switching of the discharging circuit in each time meets a certain rule, and the operation is convenient.
Specifically, each storage battery in the first discharge matrix is discharged, a certain discharge time, for example, 50 minutes, may be selected first, after each storage battery is discharged for 50 minutes, detection is performed here, so that the storage battery after being discharged 50 is placed in other discharge matrices, and operation is continued, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the discharge matrices are established, and normalization operation may be performed on the storage batteries in the same discharge matrix, for example, a uniform discharge duration is defined, and there is no need to worry about feeding due to insufficient electric quantity, and the like, in the charge and discharge method of the storage battery provided in the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the discharge matrices, the storage battery with a large electric quantity and a short usage duration is discharged first, and the storage battery with a small electric quantity and a long usage duration is discharged last, so that the discharge process of the entire storage battery tends to use up the electric quantity in the storage battery, the service efficiency of the storage battery is improved, and the storage battery with poor performance can be protected, because in practical application, the storage battery with good performance is always used first, the storage battery with good performance is fully utilized, in time, the storage battery with poor performance is always arranged behind for use, but if the charging or discharging process is in the middle, the situation that a part of the storage batteries cannot be used all the time due to poor performance is meant, but in the dynamic process, the service life of the storage battery is balanced due to the addition of the parameter of the service time, the optimal use of the storage battery is realized in the dynamic balancing process, the service efficiency is improved, and the service life of the storage battery can also be prolonged.
Specifically, in practical applications, a plurality of storage batteries exist in both the discharge matrix and the charge matrix, and the following description will be further described with reference to specific embodiments. The storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises 10 storage batteries s0-s9, and the electric quantity of the 10 storage batteries is as follows: the electricity quantity of s0 is 99%, the usage time is 1 month, the electricity quantity of s1 is 95%, the usage time is 1.5 months, the electricity quantity of s2 is 88%, the usage time is 2.5 months, the electricity quantity of s3 is 85%, the usage time is 3 months, the electricity quantity of s4 is 78%, the usage time is 4 months, the electricity quantity of s5 is 55%, the usage time is 11 months, the electricity quantity of s6 is 45%, the usage time is 12 months, the electricity quantity of s7 is 40%, the usage time is 15 months, the electricity quantity of s8 is 28%, the usage time is 20 months, the electricity quantity of s9 is 25%, the usage time is 25 months, according to the discharge standard, the storage batteries s0 and s1 are both located in the first discharge matrix, in the actual operation process, when the storage batteries in the first matrix need to be discharged, the embodiment of the invention provides a concept of discharge efficiency, wherein the discharge efficiencies of s0 and s1 are judged, for example, the time taken by s0 from 98% to 92% is 3 seconds, the time taken by s1 from 98% to 92% is 2 seconds, then the time taken by s1 for discharging is shorter, and the discharging efficiency is higher, so that in the embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to discharge s1 first, and then discharge s0, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that, when the storage battery in the first discharging matrix is discharged, the electric quantity of the storage battery is not discharged, but a discharging time is set, so that the discharging time duration that all the storage batteries in the first discharging matrix can bear is performed for a certain time duration according to the discharging efficiency, and then the discharged storage battery is detected and classified into the corresponding discharging matrix, and each discharging matrix can be operated by using the above method, and the description is not repeated herein.
Specifically, those skilled in the art can understand that the above-mentioned operation method for the storage battery in the first discharge matrix may also be applied to the second discharge matrix, the third discharge matrix, the fourth discharge matrix, and the fifth discharge matrix, and may also be correspondingly applied to the first charge matrix, the second charge matrix, the third charge matrix, the fourth charge matrix, and the fifth charge matrix, where the difference is that the charging efficiency needs to be calculated at this time, and the charging sequence of each storage battery in the charge matrix is determined by using different charging efficiencies, so that the operation method is stable and efficient.
Specifically, taking the fourth discharge matrix as an example, it can be seen from the above embodiment that the electric quantity of s5 is 55%, the usage time is 11 months, the electric quantity of s6 is 45%, the usage time is 12 months, the electric quantity of s7 is 40%, the usage time is 15 months, the storage batteries s5, s6 and s7 are all located in the fourth discharge matrix, the discharge efficiency criterion of the fourth discharge matrix is k4, and if k4 is 10 seconds, if both s6 and s7 do not reach 10 seconds, the discharge efficiency is reduced to 9 seconds, and the calculation is performed again. If s5 and s6 both exceeded 10 seconds, the discharge efficiency was increased to 1.0 second, and the calculation was repeated. According to the charging and discharging method of the storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention, through a mode of iterative discharging efficiency or charging efficiency, the charging and discharging efficiency of the storage battery in each matrix can be continuously improved, the storage battery with low charging and discharging efficiency is eliminated, and the storage battery pack can maintain a high-efficiency charging and discharging effect.
Specifically, in the actual charging and discharging process, a charging efficiency standard K (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5) and a discharging efficiency standard K (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5) are set, if the charging efficiency of the battery in the first charging matrix is compared with K1, the charging efficiency of the battery in the second charging matrix is compared with K2, the charging efficiency of the battery in the third charging matrix is compared with K3, the charging efficiency of the battery in the fourth charging matrix is compared with K3, the charging efficiency of the battery in the fifth charging matrix is compared with K5, and if the discharging efficiency of the battery in each charging matrix is lower than the charging efficiency standard, the battery is replaced. If the discharge efficiency of the storage battery in the first discharge matrix is compared with k1, the discharge efficiency of the storage battery in the second discharge matrix is compared with k2, the discharge efficiency of the storage battery in the third discharge matrix is compared with k3, the discharge efficiency of the storage battery in the fourth discharge matrix is compared with k3, the discharge efficiency of the storage battery in the fifth discharge matrix is compared with k5, and if the discharge efficiency of the storage battery in each discharge matrix is lower than the discharge efficiency standard, the storage battery is replaced. According to the embodiment of the invention, the charging efficiency standard and the discharging efficiency standard are set, then the storage batteries in each matrix in the storage battery pack are evaluated, and if the storage batteries which do not meet the charging and discharging efficiency can be replaced in time, the overall charging and discharging efficiency of the storage battery pack is ensured, efficient charging and discharging are ensured, and the charging and discharging efficiency of the storage battery pack is improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the circuit structure applied to the charging and discharging method for a storage battery according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include a control unit 50, where the control unit is connected to the charging circuit 30, the discharging circuit 40, and the performance detection unit 20 respectively; the control unit 50 is configured to enable the charging circuit 30 or the discharging circuit 40 according to the data detected by the performance detecting unit 20.
According to the charging and discharging method of the storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention, the control of the storage battery pack 10 is realized through the control unit 50, and particularly, the corresponding charging circuit 30 or discharging circuit 40 is enabled through the data of the detection unit 20, so that the circuit control is more accurate, the corresponding storage battery is enabled according to the preset charging rule and discharging rule, the efficient charging or discharging is further realized, the charging and discharging efficiency is improved, the manual intervention in the charging and discharging process is reduced, and the charging and discharging method of the storage battery is more intelligent and efficient.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A charging and discharging method of a storage battery is characterized by being applied to a charging and discharging system, wherein the charging and discharging system comprises: the device comprises a storage battery pack, a performance detection unit, a charging circuit and a discharging circuit;
the storage battery pack comprises a plurality of storage batteries, and the performance detection unit is connected with the storage battery pack and used for detecting the performance of the storage battery pack; the charging circuit is connected with the storage battery pack and used for charging a storage battery in the storage battery pack by using a power supply; the discharging circuit is connected with the storage battery pack and used for supplying power to a load by using the electric quantity of a storage battery in the storage battery pack;
setting a plurality of discharge criteria D1, D2, D3 …, Dn and a plurality of charge criteria C1, C2, C3 …, Cn of the battery pack, wherein D1 represents the discharge criteria of a first battery in the battery pack, D2 represents the discharge criteria of a second battery in the battery pack, D3 represents the discharge criteria of a third battery in the battery pack, and Dn represents the discharge criteria of an nth battery in the battery pack; c1 represents the charge criteria of the first battery in the battery pack, C2 represents the charge criteria of the second battery in the battery pack, C3 represents the charge criteria of the third battery in the battery pack, and Cn represents the charge criteria of the nth battery in the battery pack;
if the ith storage battery in the storage battery pack meets the corresponding discharge standard or charge standard, enabling the charge circuit to charge the storage battery or enabling the discharge circuit to discharge the storage battery in the using process;
the discharging standard of the storage battery in the storage battery pack is dynamically changed according to the real-time electric quantity and the service life of the storage battery pack, and a first discharging matrix M1 (Q1, T1), a second discharging matrix M2 (Q2, T2), a third discharging matrix M3 (Q3, T3), a fourth discharging matrix M4 (Q4, T4) and a fifth discharging matrix M5 (Q5, T5) are established, wherein Q1 represents the storage battery with the real-time electric quantity larger than 90%, and T1 represents the service life smaller than 2 months; q2 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 80% and 90%, and T2 represents the use duration between 2 months and 5 months; q3 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 60% and 80%, and T3 represents the use time of 5-10 months; q4 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 30% and 60%, and T4 represents the use duration between 10 and 18 months; q5 represents the storage battery with the real-time electric quantity less than 30%, T5 represents the service life more than 18 months;
arranging the discharging sequence of the storage batteries of the storage battery pack according to the discharging matrix, so that the storage batteries of the storage battery pack are sequentially discharged according to the sequence of a first discharging matrix, a second discharging matrix, a third discharging matrix, a fourth discharging matrix and a fifth discharging matrix;
if the first discharge matrix comprises a plurality of storage batteries, discharging the storage batteries sequentially from large to small according to the discharge efficiency of the storage batteries, wherein the discharge efficiency is the time taken by the storage batteries from a first electric quantity to a second electric quantity; the discharge efficiency of the first discharge matrix is the time taken by the storage battery from 98% to 92%; the discharge efficiency of the second discharge matrix is the time taken by the storage battery from 88% to 82%; the discharge efficiency of the third discharge matrix is the time taken by the storage battery from 75% to 65%; the discharge efficiency of the fourth discharge matrix is the time taken by the storage battery from 55% to 35%; the discharge efficiency of the first discharge matrix is the time taken by the storage battery from 25% to 20%.
2. The method for charging and discharging the storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the charging standard of the storage battery in the storage battery pack is changed according to the real-time electric quantity of the storage battery and the temperature of the storage battery; establishing a first charging matrix Z1 (q 1, t 1), a second charging matrix Z2 (q 2, t 2), a third charging matrix Z3 (q 3, t 3), a fourth charging matrix Z4 (q 4, t 4) and a fifth charging matrix Z5 (q 5, t 5), wherein q1 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity less than 30%, and t1 represents that the current temperature is less than 20 ℃; q2 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 30% and 60%, and t2 represents that the current temperature is between 20 and 25 ℃; q3 represents a storage battery with the real-time electricity quantity between 60% and 80%, and t3 represents that the current temperature is between 25 and 30 ℃; q4 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity between 80% and 90%, and t4 represents that the current temperature is between 30 and 35 ℃; q5 represents a storage battery with the real-time electric quantity being more than 90%, and t5 represents that the current temperature is 35-45 ℃;
and arranging the charging sequence of the storage batteries of the storage battery pack according to the charging matrix, so that the storage batteries are sequentially charged according to the sequence of a first charging matrix, a second charging matrix, a third charging matrix, a fourth charging matrix and a fifth charging matrix.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein if the first charging matrix comprises a plurality of the storage batteries, the storage batteries are sequentially charged from a larger charging efficiency to a smaller charging efficiency according to the charging efficiencies of the storage batteries, the charging efficiency is a time taken by the storage batteries from a third power to a fourth power, the charging efficiency of the first charging matrix is a time taken by the storage batteries from 20% to 25%, the charging efficiency of the second charging matrix is a time taken by the storage batteries from 35% to 55%, the charging efficiency of the third charging matrix is a time taken by the storage batteries from 65% to 75%, the charging efficiency of the fourth charging matrix is a time taken by the storage batteries from 82% to 88%, and the charging efficiency of the fifth charging matrix is a time taken by the storage batteries from 92% to 98%.
4. The battery charging and discharging method according to claim 1, wherein discharging efficiency criteria k1, k2, k3, k4, k5 are set, the discharging efficiency of the battery in the first discharging matrix is compared with k1, the discharging efficiency of the battery in the second discharging matrix is compared with k2, the discharging efficiency of the battery in the third discharging matrix is compared with k3, the discharging efficiency of the battery in the fourth discharging matrix is compared with k4, the discharging efficiency of the battery in the fifth discharging matrix is compared with k5, and the battery is replaced if the discharging efficiency of the battery in each discharging matrix is lower than the discharging efficiency criteria.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the charging efficiency criteria K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 are set, the charging efficiency of the battery in the first charging matrix is compared with K1, the charging efficiency of the battery in the second charging matrix is compared with K2, the charging efficiency of the battery in the third charging matrix is compared with K3, the charging efficiency of the battery in the fourth charging matrix is compared with K4, the charging efficiency of the battery in the fifth charging matrix is compared with K5, and the battery is replaced if the charging efficiency of the battery in each charging matrix is lower than the charging efficiency criteria.
6. The method of charging and discharging a secondary battery according to claim 5, wherein m secondary batteries are included in the fifth charging matrix, and if m/2 or more secondary batteries in the secondary batteries can not reach K5, the charging efficiency standard is lowered to 0.9 xK 5; if more than m/2 storage batteries in the storage batteries reach K5, the charging efficiency standard is improved to 1.1 xK 5.
7. The method for charging and discharging a secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein n secondary batteries are included in the fifth discharge matrix, and if n/2 or more secondary batteries in the secondary batteries cannot reach k5, the discharge efficiency criterion is lowered to 0.9 x k 5; if more than n/2 storage batteries in the storage batteries reach k5, the discharge efficiency standard is improved to 1.1 xk 5.
8. The method for charging and discharging a secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the charging and discharging system further comprises a control unit connected to the charging circuit, the discharging circuit, and the performance detecting unit, respectively; the control unit is used for enabling the charging circuit or the discharging circuit according to the data detected by the performance detection unit.
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