CN111932655B - Automatic processing method for constructing railway line information model based on AutoCAD - Google Patents
Automatic processing method for constructing railway line information model based on AutoCAD Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic processing method for constructing a railway line information model based on AutoCAD, which comprises the following steps of importing a railway line plane fold map into AutoCAD; automatic identification of an inner frame of a frame drawing in a railway line plane folding drawing; automatic split treatment of the frame images; under a plane folding graph coordinate system and a real coordinate system, coordinates of two control points are interactively set; according to the coordinate transformation of the connecting line of the two control points, the splitting graph splitting result is automatically restored to the real coordinate system; automatically identifying plane parameters of the railway line; constructing a line information model by utilizing plane parameters of the railway line; the graph under the real coordinate system is stored in the form of a DWG file; the line information model is stored in a database. The invention greatly reduces the manual labor intensity of restoring the railway line plan, realizes automatic restoration of the folded drawing to the real coordinate system, avoids the inconspicuous errors of the restored drawing caused by human errors, and greatly improves the working efficiency and quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rail transit, and particularly relates to an automatic processing method for constructing a railway line information model based on AutoCAD.
Background
In railway construction, a railway line plan obtained by a construction unit and a construction unit is a railway line plan folding chart subjected to cutting, framing, translation and rotation treatment, and a line plan chart and a railway line information model under a real coordinate system (namely an independent coordinate system adopted by railway design) are required in the operations of land reclamation, site arrangement, construction road design and the like, and at the moment, the railway line folding chart is required to be converted into the real coordinate system, line parameters are required to be extracted, and the railway line information model is required to be established. The existing treatment method comprises the following steps: in the AutoCAD software, all the separate images are spliced into a continuous integral image manually by using an alignment command of the AutoCAD, then two or more control points (two sets of coordinates under the coordinate system of the folded image and the real coordinate system of the same control point) are manually designated, the continuous integral image is converted into the real coordinate system by using the alignment command of the AutoCAD again, and then line parameters are manually judged to inquire line coordinates in the line calculation software curve by curve. When the method is used for processing a large number of line plane folding graphs of long railway lines, the manual processing is complex, time and labor are wasted, faults which are difficult to detect in the restored drawings due to human errors are likely to occur, larger design defects or quality accidents are likely to occur, and a continuous integral line information model cannot be established.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic processing method for constructing a railway line information model based on AutoCAD, which greatly reduces the manual labor intensity of restoring the railway line plan, realizes automatic restoration of the folded image to the real coordinate system, avoids the inconspicuous errors of the restored drawing caused by human errors, and greatly improves the working efficiency and quality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an automatic processing method for constructing a railway line information model based on AutoCAD comprises the following steps:
s1: leading the railway line plane folding graph into an AutoCAD;
s2: automatic identification of an inner frame of a frame drawing in a railway line plane folding drawing;
s3: automatic split treatment of the frame images;
s4: under a plane folding graph coordinate system and a real coordinate system, coordinates of two control points are interactively set;
s5: automatically recovering the processing result of the S3 to a real coordinate system according to the coordinate transformation of the connecting line of the two control points;
s6: automatically identifying railway line plane parameters from a railway line plane diagram under a real coordinate system;
s7: constructing a line information model by utilizing plane parameters of the railway line;
s8: storing the processing result of the S5 in a DWG file form;
s9: the line information model is stored in a database.
Preferably, in step S2: searching the whole graph to perform rule matching: and finding out the inner frame graphic objects of each frame of the graphic feature rule, and sorting from small to large according to the X coordinate component value of the lower left corner of the inner frame.
Preferably, in step S2: the inner frame of the frame picture is trapezoid or parallelogram, and the right side edge of the inner frame of the frame picture and the left side edge of the inner frame of the next frame picture are positioned on two sides of the separation line and are symmetrical relative to the separation line.
Preferably, in step S3: dividing the inner frame of the frame diagram Fk (k=1, 2,3, …, n) identified in S2 and all graphic objects in the inner frame of the frame diagram into groups Gk (k=1, 2,3, …, n), wherein the groups Gk are all objects expressing the frame diagram Fk in a memory; all objects in group G1 maintain the current situation; calculating the framing Fk
The left side edge of the inner frame of (k=2, 3, …, n) is transformed into a transformation matrix M1 at the position of the right side edge of the inner frame of the previous frame F (k-1) through translation and rotation; the coordinates of the objects in the group Gk (k=2, 3,., n) are sequentially multiplied by a transformation matrix M1 to perform a coordinate transformation operation; and repeating the above processes until the final frame image Fn is processed, and thus completing the automatic splitting processing of the frame images.
Preferably, in step S5, a transformation matrix M2 of the connection line of the two control points in two sets of coordinate systems is calculated; and then multiplying all the coordinates of the graphic objects in the processing result of the S3 by a transformation matrix M2 to perform coordinate transformation operation to restore the real coordinates of the graphic objects.
Preferably, in step S4: the set points D1 and D2 are common points in the real coordinate system and the folded image coordinate system, D1 (XD 1, YD 1) and D2 (XD 2, YD 2) are coordinate values in the real coordinate system, and D1 (LX 1, LY 1) and D2 (LX 2, LY 2) are temporary coordinate values in the folded image coordinate system;
in step S5: calculating a transformation matrix M2 of the connecting lines of D1 (LX 1, LY 1) and D2 (LX 2, LY 2) transformed to the connecting lines of D1 (XD 1, YD 1) and D2 (XD 2, YD 2) through translation and rotation; and then multiplying all the coordinates of the graphic objects in the processing result of the S3 by a transformation matrix M2 to perform coordinate transformation operation to restore the real coordinates of the graphic objects.
Preferably, in step S6, the railway line plane parameters include line intersection coordinates, a circle curve radius, a front relaxation curve length, a rear relaxation curve length, broken link data, and mileage data.
Preferably, the substeps of step S6 include: intersection point recognition, curve parameter recognition, broken chain recognition, mileage recognition, line center line multi-section line object recognition and parameter automatic inspection.
Preferably, the line information model constructed in the step S7 geometrically consists of a series of straight line elements, relaxation curve elements and circular curve elements which meet connection constraint, and includes intersection coordinates, a circular curve radius, a front relaxation curve length, a rear relaxation curve length, broken-chain data and mileage data; the model is a self-defined object in the AutoCAD, can be automatically stored in a DWG graphic database of the AutoCAD, can be automatically imported from the DWG graphic database, can be used for inquiring coordinates corresponding to any mileage in a line or inquiring line element information corresponding to the mileage and at any position by the appointed coordinates, and can also be edited and modified.
Preferably, step S9 is to store all data in the line information model into the Access database, where the data includes all intersection coordinates, circle curve radius, relaxation curve length, clip line length, start mileage, broken link data, end mileage, ZH point mileage, HZ point mileage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can automatically identify the railway line plane folding picture frame in the DWG file, automatically splice and combine discrete framing pictures into a continuous integral picture under a real coordinate system, avoid human errors, greatly improve the working efficiency and quality, automatically identify the railway line in the DWG, extract line parameters and establish a continuous integral railway line information model, has accurate and perfect data information, greatly improve the efficiency and quality of applying the railway line plane picture in the works of construction, construction management and the like, has strong practicability and obvious popularization and application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall view of an embodiment of the present invention after stitching;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention in true coordinates;
fig. 5 is a diagram of a railroad information model in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the technical solutions of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an automatic processing method for constructing a railway line information model based on AutoCAD, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
s1: introducing the railway line plane folding graph into AutoCAD,
and importing the railway line plane folding graph in a DWG format conforming to the railway drawing specification into AutoCAD for subsequent processing. The railway line plane folding graph contains one or more frame graphs, is generally generated by railway line design software adopted by a design unit, and can also be manually drawn in AutoCAD.
S2: the frame of the frame picture in the railway line plane folding picture is automatically identified,
as shown in fig. 2, the frame diagram Fk (k=1, 2,3, …, n): the number of the kth frame in the railway line plane folding chart is given, wherein n represents n frame charts in total. FkA-FkC-FkD-FkB (k=1, 2,3, …, n): the inner frame of the frame diagram Fk is a trapezoid or a parallelogram, fkA is the upper left corner of the inner frame, fkB is the lower left corner of the inner frame, fkC is the upper right corner, and FkD is the lower right corner. PUk (k+1) (k=1, 2, 3., n-1): an upper end point of a separation line representing the frame diagram Fk and the frame diagram F (k+1); PDk (k+1) (k=1, 2,3, …, n-1): the lower end point of the dividing line of the frame diagram Fk and the frame diagram F (k+1) is shown. The right side edge FkC-FkD of the frame FkA-FkC-FkD-FkB of the frame is symmetrical about the parting line PUk (k+1) -PDk (k+1) on both sides of the parting line from the left side edge F (k+1) A-F (k+1) B of the next frame F (k+1) A-F (k+1) C-F (k+1) D-F (k+1) B.
In S2, the automatic recognition of the frame images is to search the whole image to be matched with rules (the inner frame of the frame Fk is a trapezoid or a parallelogram, the right side of the inner frame of the frame image is located at two sides of the separation line and is symmetrical with respect to the separation line with respect to the left side of the next frame image) by adopting an AutoCAD secondary development technology, find out the Set 1= { FkA-FkC-FkD-FkB (k=1, 2,3, …, n) } of the inner frame image objects of each frame image meeting the image feature rules, and according to the lower left corner FkB (k=1, 2,3, ordering the X coordinate component values of n) points from small to large, wherein the X coordinate value of the lower left corner is minimum, the frame with F1 being ordered is marked as F1A-F1C-F1D-F1B, the frame with F2 being ordered as F2A-F2C-F2D-F2B, and so on until the inner frame objects of all the frames in the Set1 are processed, and a Set of frames with Set 2= { FkA-FkC-FkD-FkB (k=1, 2, 3.
S3: the automatic split-joint processing of the frame pictures,
the specific treatment process is as follows: firstly, fkA-FkC-FkD-FKB (k=1, 2,3, …, n) in the Set of frames in the frame Set2 identified in S2 and all graphic objects in the frame (including graphic objects intersecting with the frame) are divided into groups Gk (k=1, 2,3, …, n), wherein the groups Gk express all objects of the frame Fk in memory; all objects in group G1 maintain the current situation; calculating a transformation matrix M1 of the position of the left side edge 'FkA-FkB' of the inner frame of the framing chart Fk (k=2, 3,.,. N) in the previous framing chart F (k-1) in the position of the right side edge 'F (k-1) C-F (k-1) D' of the inner frame of the framing chart F (k-1) through translation and rotation; the coordinates of the objects in the group Gk (k=2, 3,., n) are sequentially multiplied by a transformation matrix M1 to perform a coordinate transformation operation; and repeating the above processes until the final frame image Fn is processed, and thus completing the automatic splitting processing of the frame images.
S4: coordinates of two control points under two sets of coordinate systems are interactively set in AutoCAD,
as shown in fig. 3, the set points D1, D2 are common points in the real coordinate system and the folded image coordinate system, D1 (XD 1, YD 1), D2 (XD 2, YD 2) are coordinate values in the real coordinate system (i.e. the coordinate system adopted by railway design), D1 (LX 1, LY 1), D2 (LX 2, LY 2) are temporary coordinate values in the folded image coordinate system, the step S4 is secondary development by using AutoCAD, a dialog box is popped up, and the user sets the coordinates of the common points D1 (XD 1, YD 1) and the corresponding coordinates of D1 (LX 1, LY 1), the coordinates of the common points D2 (XD 2, YD 2) and the corresponding coordinates of D2 (LX 2, LY 2) according to the function of the pick-up points provided by the dialog box.
S5: automatically recovering the processing result of the S3 to the real coordinate system,
the specific treatment process is as follows: firstly, calculating a transformation matrix M2 of a connecting line of D1 (LX 1, LY 1) and D2 (LX 2, LY 2) transformed to the connecting line of D1 (XD 1, YD 1) and D2 (XD 2, YD 2) through translation and rotation; and then multiplying all the coordinates of the graphic objects in the processing result of the S4 (namely, the whole graph after splicing the frames) by a transformation matrix M2 to perform coordinate transformation operation to restore the real coordinates of the graphic objects, as shown in fig. 4.
S6: the railway line plane parameters are automatically identified from the railway line plane diagram under the real coordinate system,
the specific treatment process is as follows: and (5) automatically identifying railway line plane parameters in the line plan view under the real coordinate system obtained in the step (S5), wherein the railway line plane parameters comprise line intersection point coordinates, a circle curve radius, a front relaxation curve length, a rear relaxation curve length, broken-chain data and mileage data, and preparing basic data for constructing a line information model. The substep of S6 includes: intersection point recognition, curve parameter recognition, broken chain recognition, mileage recognition, line-in-line multi-section line object recognition and parameter automatic inspection.
And (3) identifying the intersection point of the substeps, wherein the identification rule is as follows: the intersection number is a text object, the text content is JDi, the JD is an intersection identifier, i is a suffix of the intersection text, i is an integer greater than 0, and the i value represents the sequence of the intersection. And searching a circle with radius meeting a rule in a circular area with the point of the intersection point numbered text as the circle center and the radius of 100 (the radius of 1 < r < 10, the circle is connected with two straight lines, the included angle formed by the two straight lines is smaller than 180 degrees), and the circle center Pti is the intersection point. The intersection identification is to apply a secondary development interface to traverse and search all intersection number texts and corresponding intersection circles meeting the rules in AutoCAD to obtain an intersection array JDSet 1= { Pt1, pt2, &..once and Ptn }, and sort the JD array according to the corresponding intersection number size to obtain an intersection array JDSet 2= { Pt1, pt2, … and Ptn }.
The substep curve parameter identification is to identify the curve radius, the front relaxation curve length and the rear relaxation curve length corresponding to the line intersection point in the graph. The intersection numbers JDi (i=1, 2,3, …, n) of the respective intersections have been obtained in the sub-step intersection identification, and the method of identifying JDi the corresponding curve parameters on the basis of this is to traverse the AutoCAD graphic database to match the text objects with the following rules: a text object (JDi text object), a text object (a text object) containing a text content prefix "az-" or "ay-", a text object (R text object), a text object (L0- "(L0 text object if the front relaxing curve length is equal to the rear relaxing curve length), or a text object (L1-L2 text object if the front relaxing curve length is not equal to the rear relaxing curve length) having a text object (text object) corresponding to the intersection number JDi; the line spacing between the JDi text object and the a text object is Dist (JDi/a), the line spacing between the a text object and the R text object is Dist (a/R), the distance between the R text object and the L0 or L1-L2 text object is Dist (R/L0), dist (JDi/a) < F, dist (a/R) < F, dist (R/L0) < F (F is a threshold, in this example, the value is 2 times the text height of the JDi text object). After the text objects are correctly matched, the digital content (such as 190) in the L0 text object (such as L0-190) or the L1-L2 text object (such as L1-170 and L2-190) is extracted to obtain a relaxed curve length L0 (the situation that the front relaxed curve length is equal to the rear relaxed curve length) or L1 and L2 (the front relaxed curve length is unequal to the rear relaxed curve length), and the identified curve parameters are stored in the corresponding intersection point objects.
And (3) sub-step chain breakage identification, wherein the identification rule is as follows: a line segment on the broken link graph is marked as LineDL; two text objects are arranged on two sides of the line segment; the text object contains "+" (denoted as TextL, wherein "" is a wildcard), "=", K "+", long-chain "", or "=" + ", short-chain" "(denoted as TextR, wherein" "is a wildcard); the end point of the line DL which is close to the left lower corner of the text object is the position of the broken link on the line, the matched text L is the mileage before breaking, the character string before long chain or short chain in the matched text R is the mileage after breaking, and the character string after long chain or short chain in the matched text R is the broken link value. There may be 0, 1 or more broken links identified, and all broken links (objects containing broken link position, broken front mileage, broken rear mileage, broken link value attributes) are stored in the broken link array.
And (3) sub-step mileage identification, wherein the identification rule is as follows: a short line (length is 10 units) is arranged on the mileage graph, the short line is opposite to a text object, and the distance between the text object and the short line is smaller than a threshold value (the threshold value is 2 times of the broken line length); text object content defines a content derived from the set setlc= { "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "xk" } (where "x" is a wildcard "," -x "before" K "may match one or more characters,", "-x" after "K" matches an integer representing the number of miles). Traversing all objects in the graphic database, and identifying all mileage object sets SetLc meeting the above specification.
The substep line multi-segment line object identification is to traverse the graphic database to find the matched line multi-segment line object, and the identification rule is as follows: a group of multi-section line (or line segment) objects are geometrically connected in front of and behind each other, the group of multi-section line (or line segment) objects are perpendicular to the mileage short line in the mileage object set SetLC, and the radius of the circular arc part in the group of multi-section line is derived from the radius R of the circular curve identified by the sub-step curve parameter identification. And (3) merging the identified front and back connected multi-section lines (or line segments) to form a continuous multi-section line, namely a line multi-section line object, and marking as RajlPolyline.
The automatic inspection of sub-step parameters refers to the parameters obtained in the step of checking the preamble based on the geometric data of the line-in-line multi-section line object RailPolyline in the above process: combining a mileage identification result in mileage identification and the advancing direction of a line (namely comparing the mileage of the initial point and the last vertex of a multi-line object, wherein the mileage value is larger as a line end point) of a line; sequencing the mileage identified in the mileage identification by combining the line multi-section line object and the advancing direction of the line; and checking whether the result of broken chain identification and broken chain identification conflicts with the result of mileage sequencing (such as that the mileage of a certain broken chain is inconsistent with the mileage identified therein), and prompting in the form of a dialog box if the inconsistency occurs.
S7: a line information model is constructed and a line information model is constructed,
the construction of the line information model is to take all the line parameters identified in the step S6 as input conditions, and establish the line information model, wherein the line information model geometrically consists of a series of straight line elements, relaxation curve elements and round curve elements which meet the conditions of head-to-tail connection and continuous curvature between line elements, and comprises intersection point coordinates, a round curve radius, a front relaxation curve length, a rear relaxation curve length, broken-chain data and mileage data, as shown in figure 5. The model is a custom object in AutoCAD, can be automatically stored in a DWG graphic database of AutoCAD, and can also be automatically imported from the DWG graphic database. The line information model can be used for inquiring coordinates corresponding to any mileage in a line or inquiring line element information at any position by appointed coordinates, can provide space positioning information for professions such as bridges, tunnels, roadbeds, tracks and the like, and can also be edited and modified.
S8: the processing result of S5 is stored on the hard disk in the form of a DWG file,
storing the processing result of S5 on the hard disk in the form of DWG file is to store the graphic object recovered to the real coordinate system obtained in S5 in the form of a disk storage operation, and store the graphic object in the form of a vector graphic file in the DWG format.
S9: the line information model is stored in a database,
the step of storing the line information model in the database is to store all data in the line information model in the Access database so as to be capable of importing all data from the database to establish the line information model when the line information model is applied again. The data comprises all intersection coordinates, a circle curve radius, a relaxation curve length, a clamp straight line length, a starting point mileage, broken link data, an end point mileage, a ZH point mileage and a HZ point mileage.
The invention can automatically identify the railway line plane folding picture frame in the DWG file, automatically splice and combine the discrete framing pictures into a continuous integral picture under a real coordinate system and automatically construct a railway line information model, thereby greatly improving the efficiency and quality of applying the railway line plane picture in the works of construction, construction management and the like, having strong practicability and obvious popularization and application values.
The present invention has been described in detail by way of examples, but the description is merely exemplary of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims. In the technical scheme of the invention, or under the inspired by the technical scheme of the invention, similar technical schemes are designed to achieve the technical effects, or equivalent changes and improvements to the application scope are still included in the protection scope of the patent coverage of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. An automatic processing method for constructing a railway line information model based on AutoCAD is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: leading the railway line plane folding graph into an AutoCAD;
s2: automatic identification of an inner frame of a frame drawing in a railway line plane folding drawing;
in step S2: searching the whole graph to perform rule matching: finding out an inner frame graph object of each frame graph meeting the graph characteristic rule, and sorting from small to large according to the X coordinate component value of the lower left corner of the inner frame;
the inner frame of the frame picture is trapezoid or parallelogram, and the right side edge of the inner frame of the frame picture and the left side edge of the inner frame of the next frame picture are positioned at two sides of a separation line and are symmetrical relative to the separation line;
s3: automatic split treatment of the frame images;
in step S3: dividing all graphic objects in an inner frame of the frame map Fk (k=1, 2,3,., n) identified in S2 into groups Gk (k=1, 2,3,., n), i.e. all objects of the frame map Fk are expressed in the memory; all objects in group G1 maintain the current situation; calculating a transformation matrix M1 of the position of the right side edge of the inner frame of the previous frame F (k-1) after the left side edge of the inner frame of the frame Fk (k=2, 3,., n) is transformed by translation and rotation; the coordinates of the objects in the group Gk (k=2, 3,., n) are sequentially multiplied by a transformation matrix M1 to perform a coordinate transformation operation; repeating the above processes until the final frame image Fn is processed, thereby completing the automatic splicing processing of the frame images;
s4: under a plane folding graph coordinate system and a real coordinate system, coordinates of two control points are interactively set;
in step S4: the set points D1 and D2 are common points in the real coordinate system and the folded image coordinate system, D1 (XD 1, YD 1) and D2 (XD 2, YD 2) are coordinate values in the real coordinate system, and D1 (LX 1, LY 1) and D2 (LX 2, LY 2) are temporary coordinate values in the folded image coordinate system;
s5: automatically recovering the processing result of the S3 to a real coordinate system according to the coordinate transformation of the connecting line of the two control points;
in step S5: calculating a transformation matrix M2 of the connecting lines of D1 (LX 1, LY 1) and D2 (LX 2, LY 2) transformed to the connecting lines of D1 (XD 1, YD 1) and D2 (XD 2, YD 2) through translation and rotation; then multiplying all the graphic object coordinates in the processing result of the step S3 by a transformation matrix M2 to perform coordinate transformation operation to restore the real coordinates of the graphic objects;
s6: automatically identifying railway line plane parameters from a railway line plane diagram under a real coordinate system;
s7: constructing a line information model by utilizing plane parameters of the railway line;
s8: storing the processing result of the S5 in a DWG file form;
s9: the line information model is stored in a database.
2. The automatic processing method for constructing a railway line information model based on AutoCAD as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S6, the railway line plane parameters include line intersection coordinates, a circle curve radius, a front relaxation curve length, a rear relaxation curve length, broken link data and mileage data.
3. The automatic processing method for constructing a railway line information model based on AutoCAD as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the substeps of step S6 include: intersection point recognition, curve parameter recognition, broken chain recognition, mileage recognition, line center line multi-section line object recognition and parameter automatic inspection.
4. The automatic processing method for constructing a railway line information model based on AutoCAD as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the line information model constructed in the step S7 geometrically consists of a series of straight line elements, relaxation curve elements and round curve elements which meet connection constraint, wherein the straight line elements, the relaxation curve elements and the round curve elements comprise intersection point coordinates, round curve radius, front relaxation curve length, rear relaxation curve length, broken-chain data and mileage data; the model is a self-defined object in the AutoCAD, can be automatically stored in a DWG graphic database of the AutoCAD, can be automatically imported from the DWG graphic database, can be used for inquiring coordinates corresponding to any mileage in a line or inquiring line element information corresponding to the mileage and at any position by the appointed coordinates, and can also be edited and modified.
5. The automatic processing method for constructing a railway line information model based on AutoCAD as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and S9, storing all data in the line information model into an Access database, wherein the data comprises all intersection coordinates, a circle curve radius, a relaxation curve length, a clamp straight line length, a starting point mileage, broken link data, an end point mileage, a ZH point mileage and a HZ point mileage.
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