CN111929888B - Two-stage type common-phase correction device for splicing telescope - Google Patents
Two-stage type common-phase correction device for splicing telescope Download PDFInfo
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- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-stage type common-phase correction device for a spliced telescope, which is designed aiming at the characteristic that the common-phase correction of sub-lenses of the spliced telescope is difficult, so that the large-stroke high-precision space positioning of each sub-lens of the spliced telescope is realized, the purpose of common-phase correction is achieved, and the imaging quality of the spliced telescope is improved. The device comprises a coarse adjustment stage driver, a coarse adjustment stage supporting plate, a fine adjustment stage driver, a fine adjustment stage supporting plate, a coarse adjustment stage transverse load unloading device and a fine adjustment stage transverse load unloading device. The whole device realizes the two-stage correction through coarse adjustment and fine adjustment, so that the sub-mirrors meet the requirement of accurate spatial positioning, and the common-phase correction of the sub-mirrors is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of joint telescope common-phase correction, in particular to a two-stage common-phase correction device for a joint telescope.
Background
Telescopes have been developed for hundreds of years as important tools for astronomy research. Nowadays, driven by the hot problems of astronomy research, astronomical telescopes are developed towards strong light collection capacity, high resolution, full wave band and the like. The construction of a telescope with a larger caliber is always the target of astronomy. However, the increase of the aperture of the primary mirror of the telescope will increase the manufacturing cost and technical difficulty. The scientists propose to use the spliced mirror surface as a primary telescope mirror, and large-caliber telescopes such as currently established 8-10m grade ground-based telescopes such as KECK1 and KECK2, tens of grades of built TMT and E-ELT, next-generation space telescopes JWST and the like all adopt the form of the spliced mirror surface.
The spliced mirror telescope generally adopts a plurality of sub-mirrors spliced into a main mirror, each sub-mirror is provided with a set of independent mirror surface supporting system and a common-phase correcting system, and the spatial position of each sub-mirror can be actively and optically controlled. By the correction system, adverse effects of external environments such as temperature, gravity and the like on imaging can be effectively corrected, and the purpose of confocal and common-phase of all the sub-mirrors is achieved.
TABLE 1 several typical splicing primary mirror telescopes
The KECK telescope is one of the telescopes with the largest active caliber, and is a telescope which adopts spliced mirror surfaces for the first time in the world. The sub-mirror common-phase correction system adopts a mode of combining a transverse support system and a radial support system, the position of the sub-mirror is accurately positioned through 168 sub-mirror edge sensors, and then the sub-mirror is translated and inclined through 108 displacement drivers so as to realize the confocal and common-phase of the main mirror. (Structure of the Keck Telescope-An Overview, astronomycs & Space Science,1989,160(1): 33-43.). The E-ELT is the ground-based telescope with the largest caliber currently under construction. Nijenhuis et al propose detailed design solutions for their co-phase correction devices, and the whole device mainly comprises a lateral support system, a radial support system, a moving frame, a fixed frame, actuators, etc., each sub-mirror uses three displacement drivers to adjust the position of the sub-mirror in three degrees of freedom to achieve the co-phase of the sub-mirrors ("Designing the primary mirror support for the E-ELT", group-based & air lens lenses VI. International Society for Optics and Photonics, (2016)). A primary mirror and secondary mirror common-phase correction system of a next-generation space telescope JWST (James weber space telescope) is actively supported by a hexagonal frame, each secondary mirror is supported and controlled by six linear drivers, every two drivers form a driver group, and three driver groups form a hexagonal platform. Positional adjustment of the sub-mirror in six degrees of freedom can be achieved ("Cryogenic Nano-Actuator for JWST", Proceedings of the 3dh Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium, Hampton: Langley Research Center2006: 239-.
However, for the expandable splicing primary mirror telescope, the common-phase correction schemes adopted in the typical splicing primary mirror telescope have the disadvantages, which mainly include the following points: (1) the axial size of each scheme is too large, and the index requirements of the expansion type splicing telescope cannot be met; (2) on the observation wave band, different from the several telescopes mentioned in table 1, the working wave band of the telescope is a visible light wave band, according to the joint mirror phase sharing requirement, the correction precision needs to reach more than 0.05 lambda, and the above schemes can not meet the precision requirement; (3) the telescope uses a galvo mode of operation, which requires the device to be able to tilt quickly. As can be seen from the above, the existing scheme can not meet the requirements of the expandable splicing primary mirror telescope on the aspects of device volume, adjustment precision and tilting speed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the expandable splicing telescope, a set of two-stage type common-phase correction device is designed, and the main functions of the device are as follows: the mirror surface support and the spatial position regulation of the splicing telescope mirror are realized.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a two-stage type common-phase correction device for a splicing telescope comprises a coarse adjustment stage driver 14, a coarse adjustment stage support plate 11, a fine adjustment stage driver 8, a fine adjustment stage support plate 9 and a transverse load unloading device, and has functions of supporting and common-phase correction for a certain expandable splicing telescope sub-mirror;
the rough adjusting driver 14 and the rough adjusting support plate 11 form a rough adjusting correction device, the three rough adjusting drivers 14 are fixed on three expansion surfaces of the rough adjusting support plate 11, the rough adjusting driver flexible piece 13 is connected with the fine adjusting support plate 9, and rough phase sharing can be realized through the action of the rough adjusting driver 14;
the fine adjustment driver 8 and the fine adjustment supporting plate 9 form a fine adjustment correcting device, the three groups of fine adjustment drivers 8 are fixed on a side platform of the fine adjustment supporting plate 9, a displacement output point of the fine adjustment driver 8 is connected with the mirror surface bearing plate 3, and fine phase sharing can be realized through the action of the fine adjustment driver 8;
the transverse load unloading device comprises a coarse adjustment transverse load unloading device and a fine adjustment transverse load unloading device, wherein the coarse adjustment transverse load unloading device comprises a flexible part 13, a flexible plate 6, a ball spline nut 5 and a ball spline shaft 7, the coarse adjustment transverse load unloading device can be switched to the ball spline nut 5 through the flexible plate 6 aiming at transverse force, and finally the transverse force is borne by the ball spline shaft 7, so that the transverse force borne by a coarse adjustment driver 14 is reduced, the safety of the coarse adjustment driver 14 is ensured, and the fine adjustment transverse load unloading device comprises an elastic plate 1, a compensating plate 2, a mirror surface supporting plate 3, a mirror surface and a bearing mechanism weight of the mirror surface are transmitted to a fine adjustment supporting part through a force transmission structure formed by the parts.
The invention relates to a two-stage type common-phase correction device (figure 1) for a spliced telescope, which integrally adopts a two-stage structure. The device comprises a coarse adjustment stage meeting the requirement of large stroke, a fine adjustment stage meeting the requirement of high precision and a transverse load unloading mechanism. Wherein the coarse tuning mainly comprises: a coarse tuning stage driver 14, a coarse tuning stage support plate 11. The fine adjustment stage mainly comprises: fine adjustment driver 8, fine adjustment backup pad 9. The coarse adjustment level transverse load unloading mechanism comprises a ball spline 7, a ball spline nut 5, a flexible plate 6 and a coarse adjustment level driver flexible part 13. The fine adjustment level transverse load unloading device comprises an elastic plate 1, a leveling pad 2 and a mirror surface bearing plate 3. Can be used for mirror surface gravity loading and driver transverse shear load unloading.
The coarse adjustment stage driver 14, the coarse adjustment stage driver 14 and the coarse adjustment stage support plate 11 are fixed and connected with the fine adjustment stage support plate 9. The three coarse adjustment stage drivers are mutually matched, so that translation along the y-axis direction and displacement adjustment on three degrees of freedom of rotation around the x-axis and the z-axis can be realized.
The coarse adjustment support plate 11 is connected with three coarse adjustment drivers 14 at the bottoms of the three expansion surfaces of the support structure, and can play a role in fixing the three coarse adjustment drivers. And is connected with the telescope main body structure, and can play a role in fixing and supporting the whole common-phase correction device.
And the precision driver 8 are fixed with the precision supporting plate 9 and connected with the mirror supporting plate 3. The purpose of high-precision displacement output is mainly achieved, and three groups of fine adjustment drivers are matched with one another, so that translation in the y-axis direction and displacement adjustment in three degrees of freedom of rotation around the x-axis and the z-axis can be achieved.
The precision supporting plate 9: the support plate is connected to three coarse stage actuator top flexures 13 and to the three sets of fine stage actuator 8 tails. On the one hand, the displacement adjusted by the coarse adjustment stage driver 14 can be transmitted, and on the other hand, the fine adjustment stage driver 8 is supported and fixed.
The coarse-tuning transverse load unloading mechanism comprises: the coarse tuning stage actuator flexible member 13, the coarse tuning stage tilt flexible plate 6, the ball spline 7 and the like. The fine adjustment stage and the mirror surface weight are transferred to the ball spline 7 through the flexible plate 6, and the load is borne by the ball spline 7. The driver flexible part 13 (which is also a force transmission part of the coarse adjustment driver) adopts a slender rod metal structure, has smaller bending rigidity, and can generate larger deformation under a small transverse load, so that the precision and the mirror surface weight are ensured to be transferred to the central ball spline 7, the transverse force borne by the driver 14 is reduced, and the safety of the coarse adjustment driver 14 is ensured. The flexible board 6: the main function is to transfer the load (each component and mirror surface of the fine adjustment stage) to the ball spline, and simultaneously allow certain bending deformation, thereby ensuring the realization of the inclination correction mode of the coarse adjustment stage.
The flattening pad 2 and the elastic plate 1: the lower part is fixed with the fine adjustment supporting plate 9, and the upper part is fixed with the mirror surface bearing plate 3, which mainly plays the role of restricting the rotation center of the device.
The mirror supporting plate 3: the lower part is connected with three groups of fine adjustment drivers 8. The whole common-phase correcting device applies the displacement output quantity to the sub-mirrors through the mirror surface supporting plate 3, so that each sub-mirror is accurately positioned.
Further, the assembly sequence after the parts are manufactured is as follows:
1. the coarse tuning stage driver 14 is assembled with the coarse tuning stage support plate 11 to obtain a coarse tuning stage component (fig. 4);
2. the fine adjustment driver 8 is assembled with the fine adjustment support plate 9 to obtain a fine adjustment component (fig. 5);
3. assembling the ball spline nut 5, the ball spline shaft 7 and the flexible plate 6 to obtain a ball spline-flexible plate assembly (figure 6);
4. the coarse adjustment stage component, the fine adjustment stage component, the mirror supporting plate 3, the elastic plate 1 and the flattening pad 2 are assembled to obtain the common-phase correction device (figure 1).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention provides a solution for common-phase correction for a splicing telescope with a visible light wave band as an observation wave band.
(2) The invention solves the contradiction of large stroke and high precision by a coarse and fine bipolar structure.
(3) The invention solves the contradiction of large load and small volume by selecting a high-efficiency displacement execution device and adopting a multilayer nested structure as a whole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general structure diagram of a two-stage type common-phase correction device for a splicing telescope according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a two-stage common-phase correction device for a splicing telescope according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working process of the two-stage type common-phase correction device for the splicing telescope of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of coarse tuning stage components;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a fine tuning stage component;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a ball spline-flex plate assembly;
the reference numbers in the figures mean: 1 is an elastic plate; 2 is a leveling pad; 3 is a mirror surface bearing plate; 4 is a spline top end fixing piece; 5 is a spline nut; 6 is a flexible plate; 7 is a ball spline shaft; 8 is a fine adjustment driver; 9 is a fine adjustment support plate; 10 is a spline bottom support; 11 is a coarse adjustment stage supporting plate; 12 is a spline bottom locking piece; 13 is a coarse tuning stage driver flexible member; and 14 is a coarse stage driver.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 3 shows a working flow of the common phase correction apparatus:
the specific process is as follows: and starting the automatic inspection system of the positions of the sub-mirrors, and starting the common-phase correction device if the sub-mirrors are not in common phase. The method comprises the steps of starting coarse adjustment stage correction, and detecting whether the position of a sub mirror reaches the correction limit of the coarse adjustment stage or not after the coarse adjustment stage correction is finished. If not, the above process is repeated, if the position reaches, fine tuning correction is started, and after the fine tuning correction is finished, whether the position of the sub-mirror reaches the fine tuning correction limit is detected. If not, the above process is repeated, and if the process is reached, the phase sharing correction work of the sub-mirrors is completed. The whole common-phase correction device adopts a multilayer nested structure. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the basic connection relationship in the device is:
1. the coarse-tuning support plate 11 is connected to the telescope deployment structure.
2. The coarse adjustment stage driver 14 is fixed to the coarse adjustment stage support plate 11, and the top thereof is connected to the fine adjustment stage support plate 9.
3. The fine adjustment driver 8 is fixed to the fine adjustment support plate 9 and connected to the mirror surface bearing plate 3.
The coarse tuning driver 14 loads the fine tuning stage and the mirror surface by taking the position of the support plate 11 as a reference, so as to realize the position adjustment of millimeter-scale stroke and micron-scale precision; the fine adjustment stage uses the fine adjustment stage support plate 9 as a position reference on the basis of the coarse adjustment stage, and a mirror surface is loaded to realize the position adjustment of micron-scale stroke and nanometer-scale precision.
When the rough adjustment of the common-phase correction device is started, the three rough adjustment drivers 14 make corresponding displacement output adjustment according to a control command, the output displacement of the three rough adjustment drivers 14 is transmitted to the whole device through the fine adjustment supporting plate 9, and the three drivers 14 are matched with each other, so that the requirements of the translation of the device in the direction along the y axis and the inclination correction of the device around the x and z axes can be met. The main task of the coarse adjustment stage is to realize displacement adjustment of millimeter-scale stroke and micron-scale precision.
When the rough adjustment stage correction reaches the limit, the fine adjustment stage correction is started, three groups of fine adjustment stage drivers 8 make corresponding displacement output adjustment according to a control command, the three fine adjustment stage drivers 8 apply output displacement to the whole device through the mirror face supporting plate 3, and the three fine adjustment stage drivers 8 are matched with each other, so that the requirements of translation of the device in the direction along the y axis and inclination correction of the device around the x and z axes can be met. The main task of fine adjustment is to realize displacement adjustment of micron-scale stroke and nanometer-scale precision.
The coarse adjustment stage lateral load unloading mechanism has the function that in the course of coarse adjustment, in order to prevent the lateral force from damaging the safety of the coarse adjustment stage driver 14, the lateral force is transferred to the ball spline 7 through the coarse adjustment stage driver flexible component 13, the coarse adjustment stage inclined flexible plate 6, the ball spline nut 5, the ball spline 7 and other components. The specific process is that under the action of a transverse load, the flexible component 13 of the coarse adjustment stage driver is elastically deformed, is transferred to the ball spline nut 5 through the flexible plate 6 and is finally loaded through the ball spline 7, and in addition, the flexible plate 6 can transfer the weight of a precise stage and a mirror surface to the ball spline nut 5 and finally acts on the ball spline 7.
The purpose of common-phase correction is finally achieved through coarse adjustment and fine adjustment of two-stage displacement adjustment.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a two-stage formula is correcting unit altogether for splicing telescope which characterized in that: the device comprises a coarse adjustment stage driver (14), a coarse adjustment stage support plate (11), a fine adjustment stage driver (8), a fine adjustment stage support plate (9) and a transverse load unloading device, and has the functions of supporting the sub-mirrors of the expandable splicing telescope and correcting the common phase at the same time;
the rough adjusting driver (14) and the rough adjusting support plate (11) form a rough adjusting correction device, the three rough adjusting drivers (14) are fixed on three expansion surfaces of the rough adjusting support plate (11), the rough adjusting driver flexible piece (13) is connected with the fine adjusting support plate (9), and rough phase sharing can be realized through the action of the rough adjusting driver (14);
the fine adjustment driver (8) and the fine adjustment support plate (9) form a fine adjustment correction device, the three groups of fine adjustment drivers (8) are fixed on a side platform of the fine adjustment support plate (9), a displacement output point of the fine adjustment driver (8) is connected with the mirror surface bearing plate (3), and fine phase sharing can be realized through the effect of the fine adjustment drivers (8);
the transverse load unloading device comprises a coarse adjustment transverse load unloading device and a fine adjustment transverse load unloading device, the coarse adjustment transverse load unloading device comprises a coarse adjustment driver flexible part (13), a flexible plate (6), a ball spline nut (5) and a ball spline shaft (7), aiming at transverse force, the flexible plate (6) is connected to the ball spline nut (5) in a switching mode, and finally the ball spline shaft (7) bears the transverse force, so that the transverse force borne by the coarse adjustment driver (14) is reduced, and the safety of the coarse adjustment driver (14) is ensured; the horizontal load uninstallation device of fine tuning level is used for mirror surface gravity to bear and the horizontal shear load uninstallation of driver, horizontal load uninstallation device of fine tuning level includes elastic plate (1), mend flat pad (2) and mirror surface loading board (3), the below of mend flat pad (2) and the below of elastic plate (1) all are fixed with fine tuning level backup pad (9), mend the top of flat pad (2) and all fixed with mirror surface loading board (3) with elastic plate (1) top, mirror surface loading board (3) below links to each other with three fine tuning level drivers (8) of group, the mirror surface and bear the weight of the mechanism and pass through elastic plate (1), mend the biography power structure that flat pad (2) and mirror surface loading board (3) constitute, transmit fine tuning level backup pad.
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| CN115877544B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-05-26 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Fine adjustment driving mechanism, linear driving device and driving method of spliced main mirror |
| CN117348187B (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-02-13 | 同济大学 | Modular optical mirror surface ground simulation adjustment system and method |
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| CN105629423A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | High-precision five-dimension adjusting mechanism used for astronomical telescope secondary mirror |
| CN105700128B (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2018-06-19 | 中国科学院上海天文台 | A kind of spliced telescope common phase level control device and control method |
| CN107797264B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-10-09 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | Co-phase adjusting device of synthetic aperture telescope |
| CN109683277B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-05-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | High-precision adjusting device for large-caliber main mirror chamber |
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