CN111929706A - On-orbit testing method for Beidou satellite navigation signal quality evaluation - Google Patents
On-orbit testing method for Beidou satellite navigation signal quality evaluation Download PDFInfo
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
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Abstract
The invention relates to an on-orbit testing method for Beidou satellite navigation signal quality evaluation, which comprises the following steps of testing a frequency domain, a correlation domain, a time domain, a modulation domain, an energy domain, consistency and a polarization mode; frequency domain: the high-gain antenna tracks and receives satellite signals, fitting analysis is carried out on the satellite signals and the power spectrum of ideal simulation signals, and the bandwidth of fitting curve signals is tested. Correlation domain: carrying out carrier stripping on the received navigation satellite signal to obtain a measured signal baseband waveform, wherein the difference value of the power of an ideal signal and the power of the measured signal is the related loss; drawing the deviation of a phase discrimination curve locking point of a received signal; and analyzing the zero crossing point deviation and the change condition of the slope of the SCB curve in the data acquisition time period. Time domain: and carrying out coherent accumulation processing on the demodulated baseband signals, and counting the difference between the time length of the positive and negative chips of the signals in the code period and the time length of the ideal chips to obtain a time difference sequence of the positive and negative chips and the ideal chips. The invention has the advantages of high testing efficiency, high accuracy and simple and feasible method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of satellite navigation signal quality evaluation, and particularly relates to an on-orbit testing method for Beidou satellite navigation signal quality evaluation.
Background
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) provides positioning, navigation and time service in the global scope, the application of the GNSS has penetrated into various fields of national defense construction, national and local resources, agricultural and forestry surveying and mapping, traffic and tourism and the like, and relates to a plurality of aspects of human daily life, life safety and the like. With the expansion of the application field and the increase of the demand, users also put higher requirements on the services of the GNSS system, particularly on the aspects of high precision and integrity. The signal quality is closely related to the high-precision service and integrity of the system, and the spatial signal quality evaluation is an important means for ensuring that a user obtains high-precision and high-reliability performance.
With the expansion of the application field of satellite navigation, users also put higher requirements on the services of the GNSS system. In order to meet the increasing demand, a satellite navigation system develops high-precision measurement modes such as high-precision satellite-based augmentation, real-time kinematic (RTK), global precision single point positioning (GPPP), multi-source fusion and the like, all of the modes take high-precision observed quantity of navigation signals as a necessary condition, and the final service precision of all the modes is determined by the signal measurement precision. Therefore, the quality of the spatial signal of the satellite navigation system is directly related to the high-precision service of the system. Monitoring and evaluating the space signal quality of a satellite navigation system is an important means for ensuring that a user obtains high-precision and high-reliability service.
In order to enable the Beidou system to have high-precision global service capability, a Beidou global (No. three) satellite navigation system is built in China, and a key technical solution adopted by the Beidou system can be truly transferred to engineering application only through a large number of tests and evaluations. Due to the characteristics of broadband BOC modulation, novel ranging codes, long-period secondary coding, different power ratios, pilot frequency and data separation, signal constant-envelope multiplexing technology, text coding and the like of the novel signal system of the Beidou global system, the novel design prompts the satellite load to adopt a large amount of new technologies. In important detection links such as satellite design, device test, integration test, butt joint test, on-orbit test and the like, signal quality is required to be used as an important basis for passing test acceptance.
In the existing navigation signal quality evaluation method at home and abroad, the target is a BPSK signal, but the novel navigation signal modulation mode is more complex, BOC and derivative signals thereof are widely adopted, the number of signal components is increased, the effective bandwidth of the signal is increased, the power distribution and phase relation among the signal components is complex, the requirement on the functional performance of the authorization signal is further strengthened, and the traditional evaluation method cannot realize the fine analysis of the signal quality. In order to complete the fine evaluation of the quality of the novel navigation signal, research on a test evaluation method of the novel navigation signal is urgently needed, and the problem of applicability of a traditional signal quality evaluation method and parameters is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an on-orbit testing method for Beidou satellite navigation signal quality assessment, which has the advantages of high testing efficiency, high testing accuracy and simple and feasible method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an on-orbit testing method for Beidou satellite navigation signal quality evaluation comprises testing a frequency domain, a correlation domain, a time domain, a modulation domain, an energy domain, consistency and a polarization mode;
s1: tracking and receiving satellite signals by the high-gain antenna, drawing a signal power spectrum curve, performing fitting analysis with an ideal simulation signal power spectrum, and testing the signal bandwidth of the fitting curve;
s2: the high-gain antenna tracks and receives satellite signals, and the received radio frequency signals are connected to a frequency spectrograph or a phase noise instrument;
1) completing out-of-band redundant radiation power spectral density test by using an instrument;
2) carrying out an in-band stray power distribution test;
3) carrying out noise power distribution test;
s3: carrying out power spectrum analysis on the acquired data, comparing the acquired data with a standard power spectrum designed by the signal, and comparing the power deviation of the main energy distribution point of the signal;
1) carrying out power spectrum analysis on the acquired data, comparing the acquired data with a standard power spectrum designed by the signal, and comparing the power deviation of the main energy distribution point of the signal;
2) comparing and analyzing a standard power spectrum designed through the signal with a power spectrum of the actually measured signal;
3) detecting the carrier leakage condition through a power spectrum, and comprehensively inspecting the signal spectrum distortion degree;
the evaluation method of the related domain comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out carrier stripping removal on the received navigation satellite signal to obtain an actual measurement signal baseband waveform;
s2: calculating the normalized cross correlation between the local reference code and the reference code, and calculating the corresponding actual power value, wherein the difference value of the ideal power and the actual power is the correlation loss;
s3: plotting the deviation of the phase discrimination curve lock point of the received signalbias() A curve of variation with lead-lag spacing;
s4: in the transmission bandwidth of a signal, the correlator analyzes the zero crossing point deviation and the change condition of the slope of the SCB curve in a data section of a 100 code period within the interval of 0-1 chips;
the time domain evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out coherent accumulation average processing on the demodulated baseband signals;
s2: observing whether the baseband waveform has obvious distortion or not, counting the corresponding duration of each positive and negative chip of the signal in the code period, and making a difference with the width of the ideal chip to obtain a time difference sequence of the positive and negative chips and the ideal chip;
s3: respectively counting the maximum value, the minimum value and the peak value of the two time sequences, and counting the standard deviation and the mean value;
the evaluation method of the modulation domain comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring a signal, passing the signal through an ideal FIR sharp cutoff filter with the bandwidth as the transmission bandwidth, and demodulating the signal to obtain a baseband signal;
s2: calculating by using a local code generator and the received baseband signals, calculating the power value of the civil signal of each branch, and counting the power ratio of each signal as follows: e (a), (b) and (c), wherein a, b and c represent different signal components, the statistical number selects 100 code periods, and the representation mode is the percentage or decibel of the single-path signal in the total power;
s3: obtaining the power ratio and comparing the power ratio with the ideal signal power ratio to obtain the power ratio deviation;
s4: tracking different signal components in the same group of data, and respectively outputting signal carrier phases in the tracking process;
s5: carrying out statistical analysis on the carrier phase difference value among the components, and comparing the carrier phase difference value with an ICD signal design result to obtain the relative phase error of the signal components;
the energy domain evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring the power of a downlink signal in a satellite spread spectrum modulation signal state;
s2: carrying out statistical analysis on the power variation range and stability of the signal;
the consistency evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: mutual difference of pseudo code phase mean values
1) Receiving a radio frequency signal broadcast by a satellite through an antenna, and observing by using a receiver;
2) the satellite sends out spread spectrum signals, and a receiver continuously measures observed quantities such as signal carrier phase, code pseudo range and the like for 24 hours;
s2: pseudo code phase cross-stability
1) Receiving a radio frequency signal broadcast by a satellite through an antenna, and observing by using a receiver;
2) the satellite sends out spread spectrum signals, and a receiver continuously measures observed quantities such as signal carrier phase, code pseudo range and the like for 24 hours;
3) the effect of the ionosphere on the signal is taken into account.
The evaluation method of the polarization mode comprises the following steps:
s1: in the state of satellite spread spectrum modulation signals, tracking and receiving satellite signals by using a high-gain antenna;
s2: collecting a signal power spectrum by using a frequency spectrograph through switching a polarization mode;
s3: and comparing the power of the received signal to judge the polarization mode of the signal.
Further, in the method for testing the mutual difference of the pseudo code phase mean values:
the relative consistency of the ranging code phase of each branch signal among frequencies
Under the condition of eliminating errors of a receiving channel, carrying out statistical analysis on an average value of the delta rho within a period of time, wherein the average value represents the fixed deviation between two signal components;
second, relative consistency of ranging code phase of each branch signal in frequency
Δρ＝ρi1-ρi2
ρi1And ρi2And respectively representing the ranging code pseudoranges of two branches of the same frequency point, and statistically analyzing the mean value of the delta rho in a period of time under the condition of eliminating errors of a receiving channel, wherein the mean value represents the fixed deviation between two signal components.
Further, in the method for testing the stability of the pseudo code phase difference, the following steps are performed:
a) the calculation steps of different branches at the same frequency point are as follows:
①PRBi＝ρBix(t)-ρBiy(t)；
② to PRBiDrawing and calculating PRBiStandard deviation;
b) the method comprises the following steps of sharing branches at different frequency points:
①PRBij＝ρBix(t)-ρBjx(t)
② to PRBijDrawing and calculating PRBijStandard deviation;
wherein: b isixIs represented by BiA frequency point x branch;
Biyrepresenting a Bi frequency point y branch;
Bjyis represented by BjA frequency point x branch;
ρ (t) represents a pseudorange measurement at time t;
phi (t) represents the carrier phase measurement in meters at time t.
Further, the frequency domain main evaluation parameters are: the method comprises the following steps of emission bandwidth, phase noise, in-band spurious emission, out-of-band unwanted radiation power spectral density, composite power spectral deviation and carrier leakage.
Further, the main evaluation parameters of the relevant domain are: correlation loss, S curve zero crossing point deviation and phase discriminator zero crossing point slope.
Further, the main evaluation parameters of the modulation domain are: signal component effective power ratio deviation, and signal component phase deviation.
Further, the main evaluation parameters of consistency are as follows: pseudo code phase mean value mutual difference, pseudo code phase mutual difference stability, carrier and pseudo code coherence.
Further, the time domain main evaluation parameters are: the time domain waveform is digitally distorted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the traditional navigation satellite cannot realize the on-orbit adjustment of the signal performance of the navigation signal, meanwhile, the traditional signal quality evaluation method mainly faces BPSK signals, the power spectrum envelope is evaluated by adopting the residual error of an ideal power spectrum and an actual power spectrum on a power spectrum, the modulation performance is evaluated by adopting parameters such as EVM, amplitude error and phase error obtained by calculation based on a constellation diagram in a modulation domain, a time domain waveform obtained by an accumulation average method is evaluated in a time domain characteristic, and the signal quality is evaluated based on the symmetry of a Correlation curve, S curve zero crossing point deviation (S-current offset plasmas, SCB) and Correlation Loss (Correlation Loss, CL) in the Correlation domain. The novel navigation signal is more complex, the authorized signal components are gradually increased, most of the existing research results are based on civil BPSK signals, the civil BPSK signals cannot be directly applied to the navigation signal of the new system, and part of evaluation parameters lose evaluation efficiency, such as eye diagram parameter evaluation and EVM parameters. In order to meet the monitoring and evaluation requirements of modern navigation signals and meet the requirements of on-orbit performance adjustment of the navigation signals, a navigation signal quality evaluation method under a new system needs to be researched urgently, and a traditional evaluation method is upgraded.
Aiming at the problems of the applicability of traditional signal evaluation parameters and the requirement of on-orbit performance adjustment, the invention provides a set of complete space signal quality performance testing method suitable for a Beidou global system, and the method and the system cover parameters and methods in the aspects of signal frequency domain, related domain, time domain, modulation domain, energy domain, consistency, polarization mode testing and the like.
The invention is an important component for establishing an all-dimensional and multi-factor signal quality evaluation system, can promote the development of novel signal design and space signal quality evaluation of satellite navigation in China to a certain extent, can ensure that the navigation satellite of the Beidou system accesses the network smoothly, provides support for networking construction of the Beidou system in China, and has important value and significance.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood and implemented by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides an on-orbit testing method for Beidou satellite navigation signal quality evaluation, which comprises the following steps of testing a frequency domain, a correlation domain, a time domain, a modulation domain, an energy domain, consistency and a polarization mode, wherein the specific scheme is as follows:
first, Beidou system signal quality assessment parameter definition
1. Frequency domain
1.1 Transmission Bandwidth
B1：±18.414MHz；B2：±35.805MHz；B3：±20.46MHz；
1.2 phase noise
Noise power distribution of B1, B2 and B3 frequency point single carrier signals in typical frequency points such as 1Hz, 10Hz, 100Hz, 1KHz, 10KHz and 100 KHz.
1.3 in-band spurs
The size of the stray signal emitted by the satellite in the downlink signal emission bandwidth. Under the condition that the satellite transmits a single carrier signal, a frequency spectrograph is used for measuring the power distribution condition in the signal transmission bandwidth range, the stray energy is compared with the signal carrier energy, and the relative difference value is analyzed.
1.4 out-of-band unwanted radiation power spectral density
Measuring the power spectrum distribution conditions of the center frequency points of the B1 and B2 within the range of +/-45 MHz bandwidth;
the spectrometer is set as RBW: 1KHz, measuring the power of a 1KHz in-band channel at the frequency point of B1 +/-45 MHz or B3 +/-45 MHz;
measuring 1575.42 +/-18.414 MHz in-band channel power;
measuring power of a 1540-1558 MHz in-band signal channel;
measuring the power of an 1610.6-1613.8 MHz in-band channel.
2. Correlation Domain
2.1 associated losses
And carrying out correlation operation on the baseband signal and the locally generated ideal signal waveform to obtain a correlation curve, comparing the correlation curve with a correlation curve of a designed signal standard signal, analyzing the change of the correlation curve shape, and calculating the correlation loss.
2.2 phase discrimination curve zero crossing point deviation (S curve zero crossing point deviation)
In the transmission bandwidth of the signal, the interval of the correlators is within the range of 0-1 chip, and the zero crossing point deviation and the change condition of the SCB curve in the data section of 100 code periods are analyzed.
2.3 phase discrimination curve slope deviation (S curve slope zero crossing point deviation)
In the transmission bandwidth of the signal, the interval of the correlators is within the range of 0-1 chip, and the slope zero-crossing point deviation and the change condition of the SCB curve in the data section of 100 code periods are analyzed.
3. Time domain
3.1 Baseband waveform distortion
And analyzing whether the waveform in 100 code periods is correct or not, recording the waveform distortion position, analyzing the distortion size and the like.
4. Modulation domain
4.1 Signal component effective Power ratio deviation
Selecting 100 code periods, and analyzing the condition of the power ratio among the civil signals of each frequency point, wherein the percentage or decibel of the single-path signal in the total power is analyzed; the actual power ratio (percent or decibel) is compared to the ideal signal power ratio (percent or decibel) to obtain a power ratio deviation.
4.2 phase deviation between Signal Components
And tracking different signal components in the same group of data by using a software receiver, respectively outputting signal carrier phases in the tracking process of different signal branches, statistically analyzing carrier phase difference values among the components, and comparing the carrier phase difference values with an ICD signal design result to obtain relative phase errors of the signal components.
5. Energy domain
5.1 ground minimum received Power
The ground receiving power of each signal component is not less than the requirement of the Beidou ICD on the ground minimum receiving power of the navigation signals;
6. consistency
6.1 mutual Difference of pseudo code phase means
1) Relative consistency of ranging code phase of each branch signal between frequencies
And evaluating the consistency among the same ranging codes of different frequency points, and evaluating the relative delay among the ranging codes of different frequency points in the satellite signal modulation and transmission processes.
2) Relative consistency of ranging code phase of signal of each branch in frequency
And analyzing the consistency among different ranging codes of the same frequency point, and evaluating the relative delay among different ranging codes of the same frequency point in the satellite signal modulation and transmission processes.
6.2 pseudo code phase Difference stability
In the ground test, influence of an ionized layer and the like on signals is not considered, the relative delay of different branches at the same frequency point is avoided, and the relative delay stability of the same branch at different frequency points is improved.
Second, Beidou navigation satellite signal quality evaluation method
1. Frequency domain
1) Evaluating parameters
The main evaluation parameters of the frequency domain are: transmission bandwidth, phase noise, in-band spurious, out-of-band spurious radiation power spectral density, composite power spectral deviation, carrier leakage, and the like.
2) Evaluation method
(1) Tracking and receiving satellite signals by the high-gain antenna, drawing a signal power spectrum curve, performing fitting analysis with an ideal simulation signal power spectrum, and testing the signal bandwidth of the fitting curve;
(2) the high-gain antenna tracks and receives satellite signals, and the received radio frequency signals are connected to a frequency spectrograph or a phase noise instrument;
referring to the index parameter setting of the power spectral density index of the extra-band unnecessary radiation of 1.1-1.3, the power spectral density test of the extra-band unnecessary radiation is completed by using an instrument
Referring to the 1.1-1.3 in-band spurious index parameter setting, carrying out in-band spurious power distribution test;
referring to the 1.1-1.3 phase noise index parameter setting, carrying out noise power distribution test;
(3) the high-gain antenna tracks and receives satellite signals, the received radio-frequency signals are connected to data acquisition equipment, and the data acquisition equipment finishes data acquisition;
and (3) referring to the parameter setting of the deviation index of the synthesized power spectrum of 1.1-1.3, carrying out power spectrum analysis on the acquired data, comparing the acquired data with a standard power spectrum designed by the signal, and comparing the power deviation of the main energy distribution point of the signal. And comparing and analyzing the standard power spectrum designed by the signal and the actually measured signal power spectrum, detecting the carrier leakage condition by the power spectrum, and comprehensively inspecting the signal spectrum distortion degree.
2. Correlation Domain
1) Evaluating parameters
The relevant domain main evaluation parameters are: correlation loss, S-curve zero crossing point deviation, phase discriminator zero crossing point slope and the like.
2) Evaluation method
And (3) carrying out carrier stripping removal on the received navigation satellite signal to obtain an actual measurement signal baseband waveform, calculating the normalized cross correlation between the actual measurement signal baseband waveform and a local reference code, and then calculating a corresponding actual power value, wherein the difference value of the ideal power and the actual power is the correlation loss.
Plotting the deviation of the phase discrimination curve lock point of the received signalbias() Curve with lead-lag spacing. Analyzing zero crossing point deviation of SCB curve in data section of 100 code period within range of correlator interval 0-1 chip within emission bandwidth of signalThe difference and its slope.
3. Time domain
1) Evaluating parameters
The time domain main evaluation parameters are: the time domain waveform is digitally distorted.
2) Evaluation method
And carrying out coherent accumulation average processing on the demodulated baseband signals, observing whether the baseband waveforms have obvious distortion or not, counting the corresponding duration of each positive chip and each negative chip of the signals in the code period, carrying out difference with the width of an ideal chip to obtain time difference sequences of 1 and 0 chips and the ideal chip, respectively counting the maximum value, the minimum value and the peak-to-peak value of the two time sequences, and carrying out statistics on the standard deviation and the mean value.
4. Modulation domain
1) Evaluating parameters
The main evaluation parameters of the modulation domain are: signal component effective power ratio deviation, signal component-to-signal phase deviation, and the like.
2) Evaluation method
(1) The acquired signal passes through an ideal FIR sharp cutoff filter with the bandwidth as the transmission bandwidth, and a baseband signal is obtained after demodulation. And performing correlation calculation by using the local code generator and the received baseband signals, calculating the power value of the civil signal of each branch, and counting the power ratio of each signal as follows: e (a), (b), (e), (c), wherein a, b, c represent different signal components, the statistical number can select 100 code period number, which represents the percentage or decibel of the single-path signal in the total power. The power ratio (percent or decibel) is obtained and compared with the ideal signal power ratio (percent or decibel), and the power ratio deviation is obtained.
(2) And tracking different signal components in the same group of data by using a software receiver, respectively outputting signal carrier phases in the tracking process of different signal branches, statistically analyzing carrier phase difference values among the components, and comparing the carrier phase difference values with an ICD signal design result to obtain relative phase errors of the signal components.
5. Energy domain
1) Evaluating parameters
The main evaluation parameters of the energy domain are: ground minimum received power
2) Evaluation method
And measuring the power of the downlink signal and counting and analyzing the variation range and stability of the power of the signal in the state of the satellite spread spectrum modulation signal.
6. Consistency
(1) Evaluating parameters
1) Evaluating parameters
The main evaluation parameters for consistency are: pseudo code phase mean value mutual difference, pseudo code phase mutual difference stability, carrier and pseudo code coherence and the like.
2) Evaluation method
(1) Mutual difference of pseudo code phase mean values
In the in-orbit test process, radio frequency signals broadcast by a satellite are received by an antenna, and are observed by a receiver. The satellite sends out spread spectrum signals, and under the normal working condition of the receiver, observed quantities such as signal carrier phase, code pseudo range and the like are continuously measured for 24 hours.
The relative consistency of the ranging code phase of each branch signal among frequencies
Under the condition of eliminating errors of a receiving channel, the method statistically analyzes the mean value of the delta rho in a period of time, and the mean value represents the fixed deviation between two signal components.
Second, relative consistency of ranging code phase of each branch signal in frequency
Δρ＝ρi1-ρi2
ρi1And ρi2Respectively representing the pseudo ranges of the two branch ranging codes of the same frequency point. In the invention, under the condition of eliminating errors of a receiving channel, the mean value of the delta rho in a period of time is statistically analyzed, and the mean value represents the fixed deviation between two signal components.
(2) Pseudo code phase cross-stability
In the in-orbit test process, radio frequency signals broadcast by a satellite are received by an antenna, and are observed by a receiver. The satellite sends out spread spectrum signals, and under the normal working condition of the receiver, observed quantities such as signal carrier phase, code pseudo range and the like are continuously measured for 24 hours. The influence of the ionosphere and the like on the signal is taken into account.
a) Different branches with the same frequency point, the steps are as follows:
①PRBi＝ρBix(t)-ρBiy(t)；
② to PRBiDrawing and calculating PRBiStandard deviation.
b) The method comprises the following steps of sharing branches at different frequency points:
①PRBij＝ρBix(t)-ρBjx(t)
② to PRBijDrawing and calculating PRBijStandard deviation.
Wherein: b isixIs represented by BiA frequency point x branch;
Biyrepresenting a Bi frequency point y branch;
Bjyis represented by BjA frequency point x branch;
ρ (t) represents a pseudorange measurement at time t;
phi (t) represents the carrier phase measurement in meters at time t.
7. Polarization mode
1) Evaluating parameters
The polarization of the satellite transmission signal.
2) Evaluation method
In the state of satellite spread spectrum modulation signals, a high-gain antenna is used for tracking and receiving satellite signals, a polarization mode is switched, a frequency spectrograph is used for collecting signal power spectrums, and the polarization mode of the signals is judged by comparing the received signal power.
The details of the present invention not described in detail are prior art.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. An on-orbit testing method for Beidou satellite navigation signal quality evaluation is characterized by comprising the steps of testing a frequency domain, a correlation domain, a time domain, a modulation domain, an energy domain, consistency and a polarization mode;
the frequency domain evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: tracking and receiving satellite signals by the high-gain antenna, drawing a signal power spectrum curve, performing fitting analysis with an ideal simulation signal power spectrum, and testing the signal bandwidth of the fitting curve;
s2: the high-gain antenna tracks and receives satellite signals, and the received radio frequency signals are connected to a frequency spectrograph or a phase noise instrument;
1) completing out-of-band redundant radiation power spectral density test by using an instrument;
2) carrying out an in-band stray power distribution test;
3) carrying out noise power distribution test;
s3: carrying out power spectrum analysis on the acquired data, comparing the acquired data with a standard power spectrum designed by the signal, and comparing the power deviation of the main energy distribution point of the signal;
1) carrying out power spectrum analysis on the acquired data, comparing the acquired data with a standard power spectrum designed by the signal, and comparing the power deviation of the main energy distribution point of the signal;
2) comparing and analyzing a standard power spectrum designed through the signal with a power spectrum of the actually measured signal;
3) detecting the carrier leakage condition through a power spectrum, and comprehensively inspecting the signal spectrum distortion degree;
the evaluation method of the related domain comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out carrier stripping removal on the received navigation satellite signal to obtain an actual measurement signal baseband waveform;
s2: calculating the normalized cross correlation between the local reference code and the reference code, and calculating the corresponding actual power value, wherein the difference value of the ideal power and the actual power is the correlation loss;
s3: plotting the deviation of the phase discrimination curve lock point of the received signalbias() A curve of variation with lead-lag spacing;
s4: in the transmission bandwidth of a signal, the correlator analyzes the zero crossing point deviation and the change condition of the slope of the SCB curve in a data section of a 100 code period within the interval of 0-1 chips;
the time domain evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out coherent accumulation average processing on the demodulated baseband signals;
s2: observing whether the baseband waveform has obvious distortion or not, counting the corresponding duration of each positive and negative chip of the signal in the code period, and making a difference with the width of the ideal chip to obtain a time difference sequence of the positive and negative chips and the ideal chip;
s3: respectively counting the maximum value, the minimum value and the peak value of the two time sequences, and counting the standard deviation and the mean value;
the evaluation method of the modulation domain comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring a signal, passing the signal through an ideal FIR sharp cutoff filter with the bandwidth as the transmission bandwidth, and demodulating the signal to obtain a baseband signal;
s2: calculating by using a local code generator and the received baseband signals, calculating the power value of the civil signal of each branch, and counting the power ratio of each signal;
s3: obtaining the power ratio and comparing the power ratio with the ideal signal power ratio to obtain the power ratio deviation;
s4: tracking different signal components in the same group of data, and respectively outputting signal carrier phases in the tracking process;
s5: carrying out statistical analysis on the carrier phase difference value among the components, and comparing the carrier phase difference value with an ICD signal design result to obtain the relative phase error of the signal components;
the energy domain evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring the power of a downlink signal in a satellite spread spectrum modulation signal state;
s2: carrying out statistical analysis on the power variation range and stability of the signal;
the consistency evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: mutual difference of pseudo code phase mean values
1) In the in-orbit test process, a radio frequency signal broadcast by a satellite is received by an antenna, and is observed by a receiver;
2) the satellite sends out spread spectrum signals, and a receiver continuously measures observed quantities such as signal carrier phase, code pseudo range and the like for 24 hours;
s2: pseudo code phase cross-stability
1) Receiving a radio frequency signal broadcast by a satellite through an antenna, and observing by using a receiver;
2) the satellite sends out spread spectrum signals, and a receiver continuously measures observed quantities such as signal carrier phase, code pseudo range and the like for 24 hours;
3) considering the influence of the ionosphere on the signal;
the evaluation method of the polarization mode comprises the following steps:
s1: in the state of satellite spread spectrum modulation signals, tracking and receiving satellite signals by using a high-gain antenna;
s2: collecting a signal power spectrum by using a frequency spectrograph through switching a polarization mode;
s3: and comparing the power of the received signal to judge the polarization mode of the signal.
2. The on-orbit testing method for the quality evaluation of the Beidou satellite navigation signals according to claim 1, wherein in the testing method for the mutual difference of the pseudo code phase mean values:
the relative consistency of the ranging code phase of each branch signal among frequencies
Under the condition of eliminating errors of a receiving channel, carrying out statistical analysis on an average value of the delta rho within a period of time, wherein the average value represents the fixed deviation between two signal components;
second, relative consistency of ranging code phase of each branch signal in frequency
Δρ＝ρi1-ρi2
ρi1And ρi2And respectively representing the ranging code pseudoranges of two branches of the same frequency point, and statistically analyzing the mean value of the delta rho in a period of time under the condition of eliminating errors of a receiving channel, wherein the mean value represents the fixed deviation between two signal components.
3. The on-orbit test method for the quality evaluation of the Beidou satellite navigation signal according to claim 1, wherein in the test method for the stability of the pseudo code phase difference, the following steps are carried out:
a) the calculation steps of different branches at the same frequency point are as follows:
①PRBi＝ρBix(t)-ρBiy(t)；
② to PRBiDrawing and calculating PRBiStandard deviation;
b) the method comprises the following steps of sharing branches at different frequency points:
①PRBij＝ρBix(t)-ρBjx(t)
② to PRBijDrawing and calculating PRBijStandard deviation;
wherein: b isixIs represented by BiA frequency point x branch;
Biyrepresenting a Bi frequency point y branch;
Bjyis represented by BjA frequency point x branch;
ρ (t) represents a pseudorange measurement at time t;
phi (t) represents the carrier phase measurement in meters at time t.
4. The on-orbit testing method for the quality evaluation of the Beidou satellite navigation signal according to claim 1, wherein in the evaluation method of the modulation domain, statistics of each signal power ratio is as follows: e (a), (b), (E) (c), wherein a, b, c represent different signal components, the statistical number selects 100 code period number, which represents the percentage or decibel of the single-path signal in the total power.
5. The on-orbit testing method for the Beidou satellite navigation signal quality assessment according to claim 1, wherein the frequency domain main assessment parameters are as follows: the method comprises the following steps of emission bandwidth, phase noise, in-band spurious emission, out-of-band unwanted radiation power spectral density, composite power spectral deviation and carrier leakage.
6. The on-orbit testing method for the Beidou satellite navigation signal quality assessment according to claim 1, wherein the main assessment parameters of the correlation domain are as follows: correlation loss, S curve zero crossing point deviation and phase discriminator zero crossing point slope.
7. The on-orbit testing method for the quality evaluation of the Beidou satellite navigation signals according to claim 1, wherein the main evaluation parameters of the modulation domain are as follows: signal component effective power ratio deviation, and signal component phase deviation.
8. The on-orbit testing method for the Beidou satellite navigation signal quality assessment according to claim 1, wherein the main energy domain assessment parameters are as follows: ground minimum received power.
9. The on-orbit testing method for the quality evaluation of the Beidou satellite navigation signals according to claim 1, wherein the main consistency evaluation parameters are as follows: pseudo code phase mean value mutual difference, pseudo code phase mutual difference stability, carrier and pseudo code coherence.
10. The on-orbit testing method for the quality evaluation of the Beidou satellite navigation signal according to claim 1, wherein the time domain main evaluation parameters are as follows: the time domain waveform is digitally distorted.
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