CN111929663B - Linear frequency modulation radar signal generation system and method - Google Patents
Linear frequency modulation radar signal generation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111929663B CN111929663B CN202010672643.6A CN202010672643A CN111929663B CN 111929663 B CN111929663 B CN 111929663B CN 202010672643 A CN202010672643 A CN 202010672643A CN 111929663 B CN111929663 B CN 111929663B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/491—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/4911—Transmitters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
- H04L27/36—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The invention discloses a linear frequency modulation radar signal generation system, which comprises a continuous wave laser, a first optical coupler, an IQ modulator, an arbitrary waveform generator and a second optical coupler, wherein the continuous wave laser is used for generating laser signals and inputting the laser signals into the first optical coupler, the first optical coupler is used for coupling the laser signals and inputting the laser signals into the IQ modulator, the arbitrary waveform generator is used for generating linear frequency modulation signals to drive the IQ modulator, the IQ modulator is used for generating carrier suppression single-sideband optical signals and inputting the carrier suppression single-sideband optical signals into the second optical coupler, and the second optical coupler is used for dividing the carrier suppression single-sideband optical signals into carrier suppression single-sideband positive first-order sideband optical signals and carrier suppression single-sideband negative first-order sideband optical signals to generate linear frequency modulation radar signals, so that stable linear frequency modulation radar signals can be generated, the linear frequency modulation radar signal generation system has higher distance resolution, larger power and smaller angle resolution, and the external modulation technology of laser is optimized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a linear frequency modulation radar signal generation system and a linear frequency modulation radar signal generation method.
Background
The laser radar is an active remote sensing technology for imaging, investigation and ranging by using laser, and has the advantages of high resolution, high precision, light equipment, strong anti-interference capability and the like. At present, the detection mechanism of the laser radar is mainly divided into two types: incoherent detection and coherent detection. Incoherent detection is also called direct detection, and detection is realized by directly measuring the change of the intensity of a reflected light signal, and the detection mode is simpler and more direct, so that the method is widely applied to time-of-flight laser radars or amplitude-modulated continuous wave laser radars. The coherent detection uses a heterodyne detection method, and detection is realized by measuring the frequency or phase difference of an echo signal and a local oscillation signal. Currently mainstream coherent detection radars include frequency modulated continuous wave (Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave, FMCW) lidar and doppler velocimetry lidar. The heterodyne detection mode has higher sensitivity than the direct detection mode, so that the coherent detection type laser radar can work at lower transmitting power
The FMCW laser radar is a radar type with constant transmitting power and continuously and periodically changing optical carrier frequency (or phase), and the distance and speed of a target are demodulated by measuring the modulation frequency difference introduced by distance delay and the Doppler frequency difference introduced by relative speed between an echo signal and a transmitting signal in a coherent detection mode. Under the same performance index, the continuous wave working mode has smaller average transmitting power and overall power consumption compared with the pulse working mode, and meanwhile, the coherent detection mode has higher sensitivity than the direct detection mode, which means that the FMCW laser radar can work at lower transmitting power. Accordingly, FMCW lidar requires a relatively complex source of radiation.
The current methods for realizing laser modulation can be divided into an internal modulation technology and an external modulation technology. The internal modulation technology is a modulation technology which is carried out simultaneously with the establishment of the laser oscillation in the modulation process, and the resonance parameters of the laser cavity are changed through modulation, so that the change of the output frequency of the laser is realized, and the internal modulation technology mainly comprises the modes of modulating the optical length of the resonant cavity or changing the gain loss spectrum position in the cavity and the like; the external modulation technique is a technique of modulating an optical field parameter on an optical path from which laser light exits using a modulator after laser oscillation is established. A light source with good tunability is often not stable enough, and a stable light source is often not widely tunable. From the angle of modulation mode, because the internal modulation mode directly changes the resonant cavity parameters, it is relatively easy to obtain a large tuning range, but because of the existence of the laser setup time, the instantaneous line width of the output frequency modulated light is relatively wide, resulting in the reduction of the coherence length of the light source; or the tuning rate must be limited in order to establish a stable optical field. Therefore, there is a need to develop a solution for generating a stable chirped radar signal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a system and a method for generating a linear frequency modulation radar signal.
In a first aspect, a chirped radar signal generating system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a continuous wave laser, a first optical coupler, an IQ modulator, an arbitrary waveform generator, and a second optical coupler, where:
the continuous wave laser is used for generating a laser signal and inputting the laser signal into the first optical coupler;
the first optical coupler is used for coupling the laser signals and inputting the coupled laser signals into the IQ modulator;
the arbitrary waveform generator is used for generating a linear frequency modulation signal to drive the IQ modulator;
the IQ modulator is configured to generate a carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal and input the carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal into the second optical coupler;
the second optical coupler is configured to divide the carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal into an optical signal of a carrier-suppressed single-sideband positive first-order sideband and an optical signal of a carrier-suppressed single-sideband negative first-order sideband, and generate a chirp radar signal.
Preferably, the system further comprises:
the direct current voltage source is used for adjusting the voltage value of the input IQ modulator and driving the IQ modulator to work at the orthogonal bias point.
Preferably, the system further comprises:
and the direct current bias controller is used for preventing the direct current bias voltage of the IQ modulator from drifting and power jittering.
In a second aspect, the method for generating a chirp radar signal provided by the embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:
generating a laser signal by using a continuous wave laser, and inputting the laser signal into an IQ modulator, wherein the function expression of the laser signal is E in (t)＝E 0 exp(jω c t), inside the IQ modulator, the electric signals of the upper and lower sub MZM structures are V respectively upper ＝I(t)+V DC1 2 sumI (t) and Q (t) are input in-phase component and quadrature component two-way baseband signals, V DC1 2 and->Respectively are direct-current bias voltages loaded on two sub-MZM structures, E in (t) electric field of input linear frequency modulation radar signal, E 0 Is the electric field amplitude omega of the linear frequency modulation radar signal c Is the angular frequency of the chirp radar signal;
in combination with the input-output relationship of the PD-MZM, the function of the carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal generated by the IQ modulator is expressed as follows:
wherein V is DC3 DC bias voltage on main MZM structure, V π The half-wave voltage of the DP-MZM is used for enabling two sub-MZM structures to be biased at a minimum transmission point and a main MZM structure to be biased at an orthogonal transmission point, so that the method can be simplified into the following steps:
wherein β=pi/V π The electric signals input into the upper and lower sub-MZM structures of the DP-MZM are different by-90 DEG, i.e. in the formulas (1) and (2), I (t) =cos (omega s t)，Q(t)＝sin(ω s t), then
In the formula (3), ω s For the angular frequency of the input electric signal, under the approximation of a small signal, the output optical signal spectrum only contains one first-order optical sideband, the laser signal and the other first-order optical sideband are suppressed, and the generation of a carrier suppressed single-sideband optical signal is realized, namely, when the driving signal I (t) =cos (omega s t) and Q (t) =sin (ω) s t) as input excitation, the angular frequency of the output optical signal can be changed to ω c +ω s 。
The system and the method for generating the linear frequency modulation radar signal provided by the embodiment of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the method can generate stable linear frequency modulation radar signals, has higher distance resolution, higher power and smaller angular resolution, and optimizes the external modulation technology of laser.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a chirp radar signal generating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing normalized transfer function curves of DP-MZM;
fig. 3 is a time-frequency schematic diagram of an optical signal of a chirped laser source obtained by the chirped radar signal generating system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the chirped radar signal generating system provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a continuous wave laser, a first optical coupler, an IQ modulator, an arbitrary waveform generator, and a second optical coupler, where:
a continuous wave laser for generating a laser signal and inputting the laser signal to a first optical coupler;
a first optical coupler for coupling the laser signal and inputting the coupled laser signal into the IQ modulator;
an arbitrary waveform generator for generating a chirp signal to drive the IQ modulator;
an IQ modulator for generating a carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal and inputting the carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal into the second optical coupler;
and the second optical coupler is used for dividing the carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal into a carrier-suppressed single-sideband positive first-order sideband optical signal and a carrier-suppressed single-sideband negative first-order sideband optical signal to generate a linear frequency modulation radar signal.
Optionally, the system further comprises:
the direct current voltage source is used for adjusting the voltage value of the input IQ modulator and driving the IQ modulator to work at the orthogonal bias point.
Optionally, the system further comprises:
and the direct current bias controller is used for preventing the direct current bias voltage of the IQ modulator from drifting and power jittering.
The linear frequency modulation radar signal generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a continuous wave laser, a first optical coupler, an IQ modulator, an arbitrary waveform generator and a second optical coupler, wherein the continuous wave laser is used for generating a laser signal and inputting the laser signal into the first optical coupler, the first optical coupler is used for coupling the laser signal and inputting the laser signal into the IQ modulator, the arbitrary waveform generator is used for generating a linear frequency modulation signal to drive the IQ modulator, the IQ modulator is used for generating a carrier suppression single-sideband optical signal and inputting the carrier suppression single-sideband optical signal into the second optical coupler, and the second optical coupler is used for dividing the carrier suppression single-sideband optical signal into the carrier suppression single-sideband positive-first-order sideband optical signal and the carrier suppression single-sideband negative-first-order sideband optical signal to generate the linear frequency modulation radar signal, so that the stable linear frequency modulation radar signal can be generated, the linear frequency modulation radar signal has higher distance resolution, larger power and smaller angular resolution, and the external modulation technology of laser is optimized.
The method for generating the linear frequency modulation radar signal provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, generating a laser signal by using a continuous wave laser, and inputting the laser signal into an IQ modulator, wherein the function expression of the laser signal is E in (t)＝E 0 exp(jω c t), inside the IQ modulator, the electric signals of the upper and lower sub MZM structures are V respectively upper ＝I(t)+V DC1 2 sumI (t) and Q (t) are input in-phase component and quadrature component two-way baseband signals, V DC1 2 and->Respectively are direct-current bias voltages loaded on two sub-MZM structures, E in (t) electric field of input linear frequency modulation radar signal, E 0 Is the electric field amplitude omega of the linear frequency modulation radar signal c Is the angular frequency of the chirped radar signal.
Wherein the DP-MZM is mainly composed of three MZM structures, one sub-MZM structure on each of the two arms of the main MZM. The optical signal input into the DP-MZM is divided into two paths with equal power at the Y branch of the main MZM, two sub MZMs are respectively injected, the modulation voltage loaded on the two sub MZMs is modulated in intensity, in addition, one of the arms of the main MZM is also provided with a modulation electrode, direct current bias voltage can be loaded, an adjustable phase shift is introduced to the optical signal on the arm, the optical signals modulated by the electric signals on the last two arms are coupled and output at the Y branch of the main MZM, and the normalized transfer function curve of the DP-MZM is shown in figure 2.
S102, combining the input-output relation of the PD-MZM, the function of the carrier suppression single-sideband optical signal generated by the IQ modulator is expressed as follows:
wherein V is DC3 DC bias voltage on main MZM structure, V π Is the half-wave voltage of the DP-MZM, so that both sub-MZM structures are biased at the minimum transmission point (V DC1 ＝V π ，V DC2 ＝-V π ) The main MZM structure is biased at the quadrature transmission point (V DC3 ＝V π /2), the above formula can be simplified as:
wherein β=pi/V π The electric signals input into the upper and lower sub-MZM structures of the DP-MZM are different by-90 DEG, i.e. in the formulas (1) and (2), I (t) =cos (omega s t)，Q(t)＝sin(ω s t), then
In the formula (3), ω s For the angular frequency of the input electric signal, under the small signal approximation (beta < 1), the output optical signal spectrum only contains one first-order optical sideband, the laser signal and the other first-order optical sideband are suppressed, and the generation of the carrier suppressed single-sideband optical signal is realized, namely, when the driving signal I (t) =cos (omega) s t) and Q (t) =sin (ω) s t) as input excitation, the angular frequency of the output optical signal can be changed to ω c +ω s 。
When a chirped radar signal is input, a chirped laser source is obtained, resulting in a time-frequency plot of the optical signal of the chirped laser source as shown in fig. 3. The optical signal of the linear frequency modulation laser source takes T as a time period and the frequency is controlled byIncrease to->Where B is the modulation bandwidth, λ is the wavelength of the laser light, and c is the speed of light.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises an element.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. The system for generating the linear frequency modulation radar signal is characterized by comprising a continuous wave laser, a first optical coupler, an IQ modulator, an arbitrary waveform generator and a second optical coupler, wherein:
the continuous wave laser is used for generating a laser signal and inputting the laser signal into the first optical coupler;
the first optical coupler is used for coupling the laser signals and inputting the coupled laser signals into the IQ modulator;
the arbitrary waveform generator is used for generating a linear frequency modulation signal to drive the IQ modulator;
the IQ modulator is configured to generate a carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal and input the carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal into the second optical coupler;
the second optical coupler is used for dividing the carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal into a carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal with a positive first-order sideband and a carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal with a negative first-order sideband to generate a linear frequency modulation radar signal;
generating a laser signal by using a continuous wave laser, and inputting the laser signal into an IQ modulator, wherein the function expression of the laser signal is E in (t)＝E 0 exp(jω c t), inside the IQ modulator, the electric signals of the upper and lower sub MZM structures are V respectively upper ＝I(t)+V DC1 2 sumI (t) and Q (t) are input in-phase component and quadrature component two-way baseband signals, V DC1 2 and->Respectively are direct-current bias voltages loaded on two sub-MZM structures, E in (t) electric field of input linear frequency modulation radar signal, E 0 Is the electric field amplitude omega of the linear frequency modulation radar signal c Is the angular frequency of the chirp radar signal;
in combination with the input-output relationship of the PD-MZM, the function of the carrier-suppressed single-sideband optical signal generated by the IQ modulator is expressed as follows:
wherein V is DC3 DC bias voltage on main MZM structure, V π The half-wave voltage of the DP-MZM is used for enabling two sub-MZM structures to be biased at a minimum transmission point and a main MZM structure to be biased at an orthogonal transmission point, so that the method is simplified as follows:
wherein β=pi/V π The electric signals input into the upper and lower sub-MZM structures of the DP-MZM are different by-90 DEG, i.e. in the formulas (1) and (2), I (t) =cos (omega s t)，Q(t)＝sin(ω s t), then
In the formula (3), ω s For the angular frequency of the input electric signal, under the approximation of a small signal, the output optical signal spectrum only contains one first-order optical sideband, the laser signal and the other first-order optical sideband are suppressed, and the generation of a carrier suppressed single-sideband optical signal is realized, namely, when the driving signal I (t) =cos (omega s t) and Q (t) =sin (ω) s t) changing the angular frequency of the output optical signal to ω when excited as input c +ω s 。
2. The chirped radar signal generation system of claim 1 further comprising:
the direct current voltage source is used for adjusting the voltage value of the input IQ modulator and driving the IQ modulator to work at the orthogonal bias point.
3. The chirped radar signal generation system of claim 1 further comprising:
and the direct current bias controller is used for preventing the direct current bias voltage of the IQ modulator from drifting and power jittering.
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| CN113359368B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-09-09 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Optical frequency comb generation method and device based on signal modulation |
| CN116742465B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-11-14 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method and chip for generating linear frequency modulation laser |
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