CN111929364A - Ultrasonic detection 3D imaging analysis method - Google Patents
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- G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0609—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic detection 3D imaging analysis method. According to the ultrasonic detection 3D imaging analysis method, the defects in the 3D image are automatically measured, analyzed and quantified by performing B-type projection view, C-type projection view, D-type projection view, B-type slice image, C-type slice image and D-type slice image on the 3D view, so that a detector can quickly perform image analysis on the generated whole 3D image, quickly observe the distribution condition of each defect in the 3D image, avoid missing detection and misjudgment, and can be applied to the field of nondestructive detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing, in particular to an ultrasonic testing 3D imaging analysis method.
Background
Currently, ultrasound imaging is a method of obtaining a visible image of an object using ultrasound waves. Since ultrasonic waves can penetrate many objects which are not transparent to light, information on the acoustic properties of the internal structures of these objects can be obtained by using ultrasonic waves, and the information is converted into an image which can be seen by human eyes by ultrasonic imaging technology. The ultrasonic imaging of the object can provide a large amount of visual information, directly display the internal condition of the object, has high reliability and reproducibility, and can carry out quantitative dynamic monitoring on defects. At present, the common ultrasonic imaging detection display methods in the field of nondestructive detection include B-type projection display, C-type projection display and D-type projection display. The B-type projection display is a projection image display of the end face of the workpiece, namely a front view, wherein the abscissa in the image represents the scanning width, and the ordinate represents the scanning depth; the C-type projection display is a workpiece plane projection graph display, namely a top view, the abscissa in the image represents the distance of scanning and moving of parallel lines, and the ordinate represents the scanning width; the D-projection display is a workpiece side projection view display, i.e., a side view, in which the abscissa represents the distance of the scanning movement of the parallel lines and the ordinate represents the depth. When the inspector analyzes the images of the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view and the D-type projection view, the images of the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view or the D-type projection view are analyzed one by one. The projection view may cause overlapping coverage of some defects, and the distribution condition of each defect cannot be rapidly observed, which is easy to cause missing detection or erroneous judgment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic detection 3D imaging analysis method, which can enable a detector to quickly perform image analysis on the generated whole 3D image, quickly observe the distribution condition of each defect and avoid missed detection or misjudgment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an ultrasonic detection 3D imaging analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) projecting a 3D view of ultrasonic detection 3D imaging according to a three-view mode to obtain a B-type projection view, a C-type projection view and a D-type projection view;
(2) setting a cross cursor (X, Y, Z) for measuring a position in the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view and the D-type projection view, wherein the position value of the cross cursor in the B-type projection view is represented by (Y, Z), the position value of the cross cursor in the C-type projection view is represented by (X, Y), and the position value of the cross cursor in the D-type projection view is represented by (X, Z), so that the cross cursor (X, Y, Z) has linkage association among the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view, the D-type projection view and the 3D view;
(3) in the 3D view, at the position of a cross cursor (X, Y, Z), respectively intercepting the slice view at the position of the cross cursor (X, Y, Z) along the direction X, Y, Z to obtain a central B-type slice image, a central C-type slice image and a central D-type slice image, wherein the central B-type slice image, the central C-type slice image and the central D-type slice image all correspond to the position of the cross cursor, and when the cross cursor is moved in the 3D view, the central B-type slice image, the central C-type slice image and the central D-type slice image are updated in real time along with the position change of the cross cursor;
(4) in the 3D view, with the center of a cross cursor (X, Y, Z) as an origin, setting a search area (X1, X2), (Y1, Y2), (Z1, Z2) of a search cursor at both sides of the origin, automatically searching and positioning the search cursor according to a preset color level within the range of the search area, after the search cursor is positioned, cutting a slice view at the search cursor in a direction X, Y, Z according to positions (X1 ', Y1 ', Z1 '), (X2 ', Y2 ', Z2 ') after the search cursor is positioned, and obtaining a boundary B type slice image, a boundary C type slice image, a boundary D type slice image and a boundary B type slice image, a boundary C type slice image and a boundary D type slice image of positions (X2 ', Y2 ', Z2 ');
(5) forming a defect hexahedron according to the center B-type slice image, the center C-type slice image and the center D-type slice image in the step (3) and the boundary B-type slice image, the boundary C-type slice image and the boundary D-type slice image in the step (4);
(6) obtaining three-dimensional size information of the defect through the defect hexahedron;
(7) and (5) changing the position of the cross cursor in the 3D view, and repeating the steps (3) to (5) until all coordinates of the 3D view are traversed, so that three-dimensional size information of all defects in the whole 3D image is obtained.
The cross cursor has linkage association among the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view, the D-type projection view and the 3D view, namely the position of the cross cursor is adjusted in each view of the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view and the D-type projection view, and the cross cursor of the 3D view can follow up.
The color level in the step (4) refers to the gray scale resolution (also called gray scale resolution or amplitude resolution) of the pixel in the digital image processing course.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the search cursor in step (4) is to set a search area according to the size of a general defect size, set a gray scale range of a color level of a search image in the search area range, then judge according to whether a current pixel point is in the gray scale range of the color level, step by the current pixel point in the gray scale range of the color level, and reach a new pixel point after stepping, if the new pixel point is in the gray scale range of the color level, the new pixel point continues stepping; and if the new pixel point is not in the gray scale range of the color level, the new pixel point reaches the boundary to be determined. The size of the above-mentioned general defect size is identifiable by the naked eye.
The defective hexahedron in the step (5) is positioned with the center B-type slice image, the center C-type slice image, and the center D-type slice image of the step (3) as the origin, and the boundary B-type slice image, the boundary C-type slice image, and the boundary D-type slice image of the step (4) are used as six boundary surfaces of the defective hexahedron.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the ultrasonic detection 3D imaging analysis method, the defects in the 3D image are automatically measured, analyzed and quantified by performing B-type projection view, C-type projection view, D-type projection view, B-type slice image, C-type slice image and D-type slice image on the 3D view, so that a detector can quickly perform image analysis on the generated whole 3D image, quickly observe the distribution condition of each defect in the 3D image, avoid missing detection and misjudgment, and can be applied to the field of nondestructive detection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an B, C, D-type projection view in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a center B, C, D slice image in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a boundary B, C, D type slice image within a search area in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a defective hexahedron according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The ultrasonic detection 3D imaging analysis method in the present embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) as shown in fig. 1, a spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ is created, a 3D view of ultrasonic detection 3D imaging is projected according to a three-view mode, and a B-type projection view, a C-type projection view and a D-type projection view are obtained as a plane YOZ, a plane XOY and a plane XOZ respectively;
(2) setting a cross cursor (X, Y, Z) for measuring a position in the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view and the D-type projection view, wherein the position value of the cross cursor in the B-type projection view is represented by (Y, Z), the position value of the cross cursor in the C-type projection view is represented by (X, Y), and the position value of the cross cursor in the D-type projection view is represented by (X, Z), so that the cross cursor (X, Y, Z) has linkage association among the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view, the D-type projection view and the 3D view;
(3) as shown in fig. 2, in the 3D view, at the position of the cross cursor (X, Y, Z), slice views at the position of the cross cursor (X, Y, Z) are respectively cut along the direction X, Y, Z to obtain a center B-type slice image, a center C-type slice image and a center D-type slice image, wherein the center B-type slice image, the center C-type slice image and the center D-type slice image all correspond to the position of the cross cursor, and when the cross cursor is moved in the 3D view, the center B-type slice image, the center C-type slice image and the center D-type slice image are updated in real time along with the change of the position of the cross cursor;
(4) as shown in fig. 3, in the 3D view, with the center of the cross cursor (X, Y, Z) as the origin, search regions (X1, X2), (Y1, Y2), (Z1, Z2) of the search cursor are provided on both sides of the origin, and within the range of the search regions, two boundary B-type slice images, two boundary C-type slice images, two boundary D-type slice images are formed: the two boundary B-type slice images are a plane formed by points (X1, Y1, Z1), points (X1, Y2, Z1), points (X1, Y2, Z2), points (X1, Y1, Z2), and a plane formed by points (X2, Y1, Z1), points (X2, Y2, Z1), points (X2, Y2, Z2), points (X2, Y1, Z2); the two boundary C-type slice images are a plane formed by points (X1, Y1, Z1), points (X2, Y1, Z1), points (X2, Y2, Z1), points (X1, Y2, Z1), and a plane formed by points (X1, Y1, Z2), points (X2, Y1, Z2), points (X2, Y2, Z2), points (X1, Y2, Z2); the two boundary D-type slice images are a plane formed by points (X1, Y2, Z1), points (X1, Y2, Z2), points (X2, Y2, Z2), points (X2, Y2, Z1), and a plane formed by points (X1, Y1, Z1), points (X1, Y1, Z2), points (X2, Y1, Z2), points (X2, Y1, Z1);
then as shown in fig. 4, the search cursor automatically searches and positions according to the preset color level, after the search cursor is positioned, according to the positions (X1 ', Y1', Z1 '), (X2', Y2 ', Z2') after the search cursor is positioned, the slice view at the position of the search cursor is respectively cut along the X, Y, Z direction to obtain the boundary B type slice image, the boundary C type slice image, the boundary D type slice image of the position (X1 ', Y1', Z1 '), and the boundary B type slice image, the boundary C type slice image and the boundary D type slice image of the position (X2', Y2 ', Z2');
(5) as shown in fig. 4, a defect hexahedron is formed from the center B-type slice image, the center C-type slice image, and the center D-type slice image of step (3), and the boundary B-type slice image, the boundary C-type slice image, and the boundary D-type slice image of step (4);
(6) obtaining three-dimensional size information of the defect through the defect hexahedron;
(7) and (5) changing the position of the cross cursor in the 3D view, and repeating the steps (3) to (5) until all coordinates of the 3D view are traversed, so that three-dimensional size information of all defects in the whole 3D image is obtained.
The cross cursor has linkage association among the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view, the D-type projection view and the 3D view, namely the position of the cross cursor is adjusted in each view of the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view and the D-type projection view, and the cross cursor of the 3D view can follow up.
The color level in the step (4) refers to the gray scale resolution (also called gray scale resolution or amplitude resolution) of the pixel in the digital image processing course.
The search cursor in the step (4) is to set a search area according to the size of the general defect size, set the gray scale range of the color scale of the search image in the search area range, then judge according to whether the current pixel is in the gray scale range of the color scale, step by the current pixel in the gray scale range of the color scale, reach a new pixel after stepping, if the new pixel is in the gray scale range of the color scale, the new pixel continues stepping; and if the new pixel point is not in the gray scale range of the color level, the new pixel point reaches the boundary to be determined. The size of the above-mentioned general defect size is identifiable by the naked eye.
The defective hexahedron in the step (5) is positioned with the center B-type slice image, the center C-type slice image, and the center D-type slice image of the step (3) as the origin, and the boundary B-type slice image, the boundary C-type slice image, and the boundary D-type slice image of the step (4) are used as six boundary surfaces of the defective hexahedron.
According to the ultrasonic detection 3D imaging analysis method, the defects in the 3D image are automatically measured, analyzed and quantified by performing B-type projection view, C-type projection view, D-type projection view, B-type slice image, C-type slice image and D-type slice image on the 3D view, so that a detector can quickly perform image analysis on the generated whole 3D image, quickly observe the distribution condition of each defect in the 3D image, avoid missing detection and misjudgment, and can be applied to the field of nondestructive detection.
In addition, it should be noted that the names of the parts and the like of the embodiments described in the present specification may be different, and the equivalent or simple change of the structure, the characteristics and the principle described in the present patent idea is included in the protection scope of the present patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (2)
1. An ultrasonic detection 3D imaging analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) projecting a 3D view of ultrasonic detection 3D imaging according to a three-view mode to obtain a B-type projection view, a C-type projection view and a D-type projection view;
(2) setting a cross cursor (X, Y, Z) for measuring a position in the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view and the D-type projection view, wherein the position value of the cross cursor in the B-type projection view is represented by (Y, Z), the position value of the cross cursor in the C-type projection view is represented by (X, Y), and the position value of the cross cursor in the D-type projection view is represented by (X, Z), so that the cross cursor (X, Y, Z) has linkage association among the B-type projection view, the C-type projection view, the D-type projection view and the 3D view;
(3) in the 3D view, at the position of a cross cursor (X, Y, Z), respectively intercepting the slice view at the position of the cross cursor (X, Y, Z) along the direction X, Y, Z to obtain a central B-type slice image, a central C-type slice image and a central D-type slice image, wherein the central B-type slice image, the central C-type slice image and the central D-type slice image all correspond to the position of the cross cursor, and when the cross cursor is moved in the 3D view, the central B-type slice image, the central C-type slice image and the central D-type slice image are updated in real time along with the position change of the cross cursor;
(4) in the 3D view, with the center of a cross cursor (X, Y, Z) as an origin, setting a search area (X1, X2), (Y1, Y2), (Z1, Z2) of a search cursor at both sides of the origin, automatically searching and positioning the search cursor according to a preset color level within the range of the search area, after the search cursor is positioned, cutting a slice view at the search cursor in a direction X, Y, Z according to positions (X1 ', Y1 ', Z1 '), (X2 ', Y2 ', Z2 ') after the search cursor is positioned, and obtaining a boundary B type slice image, a boundary C type slice image, a boundary D type slice image and a boundary B type slice image, a boundary C type slice image and a boundary D type slice image of positions (X2 ', Y2 ', Z2 ');
(5) forming a defect hexahedron according to the center B-type slice image, the center C-type slice image and the center D-type slice image in the step (3) and the boundary B-type slice image, the boundary C-type slice image and the boundary D-type slice image in the step (4);
(6) obtaining three-dimensional size information of the defect through the defect hexahedron;
(7) and (5) changing the position of the cross cursor in the 3D view, and repeating the steps (3) to (5) until all coordinates of the 3D view are traversed, so that three-dimensional size information of all defects in the whole 3D image is obtained.
2. The ultrasonic detection 3D imaging analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the search cursor in the step (4) is to set a search area according to the size of the general defect size, set the gray scale range of the color scale of the search image in the search area range, then judge according to whether the current pixel point is in the gray scale range of the color scale, step by the current pixel point in the gray scale range of the color scale, reach a new pixel point after stepping, if the new pixel point is in the gray scale range of the color scale, the new pixel point continues stepping; and if the new pixel point is not in the gray scale range of the color level, the new pixel point reaches the boundary to be determined.
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| CN104655658A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-27 | 西安交通大学 | Large-sized high-temperature blade internal defect three-dimensional nondestructive detection method |
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| CN108541322A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-09-14 | 北京清影机器视觉技术有限公司 | The treating method and apparatus of dimensional visual measurement data |
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| CN104655658A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-27 | 西安交通大学 | Large-sized high-temperature blade internal defect three-dimensional nondestructive detection method |
| CN108541322A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-09-14 | 北京清影机器视觉技术有限公司 | The treating method and apparatus of dimensional visual measurement data |
| CN107255673A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-10-17 | 西安交通大学 | High temperature blade internal flaw three dimensional lossless detection method based on ultrasonic phase array |
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