CN111929335A - X-ray cable detection system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an X-ray cable detection system, which belongs to the technical field of cable detection and comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module connected with the image acquisition module and an intelligent judgment module connected with the image processing module, wherein the image acquisition module comprises an image intensifier for receiving X-rays and an optical camera connected with the image intensifier, the optical camera comprises an optical lens and a CCD (charge coupled device) image sensor, the image processing module comprises an image preprocessing unit and an image processing unit, the image preprocessing unit comprises an A/D (analog/digital) and signal processing unit connected with the CCD image sensor and an image processor connected with the A/D and signal processing unit, the image processor is respectively connected with an SRAM (static random access memory) array and a FLASH program memory through signals, and the image processor is connected with a Camlink interface. The application can detect deformation and damage phenomena in cable laying, improves the definition of images, and is high in detection precision and high in speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable detection, in particular to an X-ray cable detection system.
Background
Along with the development of urban economy, the urban cabling rate is also increased year by year, and the reduction of cable accidents becomes a main way for improving the power supply reliability. Due to the fact that a power line and a hub transformer substation are far away, overhaul can only be conducted at intervals, fault occurrence and elimination cannot be achieved, deep fault behaviors cannot be found only through an inspection test, advanced elimination cannot be achieved, and the method is insensitive to potential faults. With the development of the power system in China towards the direction of high voltage and large capacity, potential faults also directly impose national power safety, power equipment monitoring is necessary and necessary for ensuring the safe operation of the power equipment, and precautionary measures are taken in time before the faults occur, so that the power failure faults of the equipment are avoided and the further expansion of the faults is avoided. The current cable internal concentration defect mainly adopts traditional electrical test and physics and chemistry experiment to detect, can't be fast, accurate give the judgement conclusion, and the main film imaging technique of X-ray detection technique is because the detection time is prolonged, and the material pollutes greatly, the difficult popularization of scheduling problem such as safe risk is big.
The patent document with the publication number of CN108008016A discloses a nondestructive testing system and a nondestructive testing method for a power cable and a connector based on combined detection of X-rays and ultrasound, and the nondestructive testing system comprises an ultrasonic testing subsystem, an X-ray testing subsystem and a diagnosis system, wherein the ultrasonic testing subsystem uses an ultrasonic probe to detect on a cable and a connector shell to complete ultrasonic diagnosis of the outer ring part of the cable and the connector and determine a shooting angle, a shooting position and a shooting distance when the X-ray testing subsystem detects, the X-ray testing subsystem respectively completes X-ray testing on the outer ring part and the inner ring part of the cable and the connector twice according to setting parameters provided by the ultrasonic testing subsystem, and the diagnosis system performs combined analysis on the states of the cable and the connector according to output results of the two-time testing of the ultrasonic testing subsystem and the X-ray testing. The invention uses ultrasonic detection and X-ray detection combined diagnosis as a tool to obtain more accurate detection results of the internal states of the cable and the joint, effectively reduces fault accidents caused by internal defects of the cable and the joint, and ensures safe and reliable operation of the cable and the joint.
Patent document No. CN108535291A discloses a cable detection system based on X-ray digital imaging, which includes an X-ray source module, an image acquisition device, a transmission device, a control module, an alarm device, a wireless communication module and a detection management platform; the X-ray source module is used for emitting X-rays, generating an X-ray penetrating region, and converting and absorbing the X-rays by the image acquisition device; the image acquisition device is connected with the control module and is used for acquiring images of the power cable; the alarm device is connected with the control module and used for giving an alarm prompt to the detected defective cable; the wireless communication module is connected with the control module and used for realizing wireless connection between the control module and the detection management platform. The X-ray detection can realize the visual detection of the interior of the cable, the condition of the detected cable can be detected timely and accurately by combining the computer image processing technology, and if an abnormality exists at a certain position of the cable, an alarm prompt can be sent out through an alarm device, so that unnecessary loss is reduced.
The two systems can detect the cable, but do not process the image, the image definition is low, even some interfaces are not obvious in resolution, and the detection result is not accurate enough.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an X-ray cable detection system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an X-ray cable detection system comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module connected with the image acquisition module, and an intelligent judgment module connected with the image processing module.
Furthermore, the image acquisition module comprises an image intensifier for receiving X-rays, and an optical camera connected with the image intensifier, wherein the optical camera comprises an optical lens and a CCD image sensor.
Further, the image processing module comprises an image preprocessing unit and an image processing unit.
Further, the image preprocessing unit comprises an A/D and signal processing unit connected with the CCD image sensor and an image processor connected with the A/D and signal processing unit, the image processor is respectively connected with the SRAM array and the FLASH program memory through signals, and the image processor is connected with a Camlink interface.
Further, the image processing unit comprises a clustering device, a first restorer connected with the clustering device, and a second restorer connected with the first restorer.
Furthermore, the CCD image sensor is connected with a clock synchronization signal module.
Furthermore, the intelligent judgment module comprises a defect detection unit connected with the image processing unit and a map database connected with the defect detection unit through a controller.
Power cables are the conductors of power transmission, and are responsible for extremely important power transmission tasks, and the laying of the first cable has been for more than one hundred years. In the actual line operation process, the probability of cable faults is very high due to factors such as construction, aging, manufacturing defects, installation defects and the like. The cable fault causes abnormal power supply, which seriously affects various aspects such as enterprise production, daily life, city construction and the like, and causes huge loss to users. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately inspect a cable line in real time by using an effective inspection method without spoiling the appearance of the power cable. The X-ray imaging technology can just meet the requirements of people on power cable detection, and is a technical detection method which is worth popularizing. Li Chuang, Van Yujun, Sha Yu, X-ray detection of deformation [ J ] during the laying of high-voltage cables, wires and cables, 2019,4:40-44, discusses that conventional detection means are far from sufficient for high-voltage cables with complex structures, and the damage condition of the cables can be comprehensively evaluated through on-site X-ray test and simulation test. By means of X-ray nondestructive testing as a testing means, the internal conditions of the defects can be quickly, conveniently and visually checked, and whether the defects can seriously affect the safe operation of the cable or not is determined by matching with a simulation experiment of a laboratory. The patent document with publication number CN107941828A discloses a nondestructive detection system and method for a power cable and a connector based on an X-ray real-time imaging technology, the detection system comprises a detection system, a detection platform and a support system, the detection system is connected with the detection platform, the detection system comprises an X-ray source and a detector box, the detector box is connected with the X-ray source, the detection method comprises the steps of firstly completing the receiving, splicing and fusing of internal structure images of the cable and the connector, then performing gray processing on the whole image of the cable and the connector, then obtaining a significant edge point by using an edge detection technology, then layering and coloring the internal structure images of the cable and the connector after edge detection, finally performing differential calculation by combining with standard cable and connector internal structure images stored in a database, and making detection judgment according to image difference results. The invention can realize the visual real-time diagnosis of the internal structures of the cable and the joint, quickly and accurately judge the running state of the cable and the joint according to the internal structures of the cable and the joint, effectively reduce fault accidents caused by the internal defects of the cable and the joint and ensure the safe and reliable running of the cable and the joint. The prior detection system based on X-ray image information has the defects of very limited images, low original image pixel, few image processing functions, low processing speed and obvious limitation, and is very important and urgent for searching a new algorithm, developing new application software, improving image quality and improving detection precision and speed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the X-ray source is opened, the generated X-rays transmit through the cable to be detected, are received by the image intensifier and are converted into optical images, and the optical images are converged on the CCD image sensor through the optical lens to convert optical signals into electrical signals. The image preprocessing unit converts the collected electrical signals into digital signals, and the functions of gray level change, smooth filtering, recursive noise reduction and the like of the image are realized by utilizing the data processing function of the image processor.
The image processing unit comprises a clustering device, a first restorer connected with the clustering device, and a second restorer connected with the first restorer. The clustering device carries out clustering according to a kmeans method, the class with the minimum gray value after clustering is restored to be background color (RGB = [0,0,0 ]) through a first restorer, and the rest classes are restored to be color original images through a second restorer.
The intelligent judgment module comprises a defect detection unit and a map database connected with the defect detection unit through a controller. The defect detection unit is a C-V model introducing a local fitting function and a Gaussian kernel function, divides the image, adopts the C-V model, introduces the local fitting function and the Gaussian kernel function, and performs multiple iterations in the division process until a satisfactory division result is obtained. The model can effectively overcome the defect that the traditional C-V model has poor segmentation effect when the gray scale is uneven and the complex background is contained; meanwhile, the energy function is corrected by combining the level set function, and level set topology optimization is added during operation, so that iteration times can be reduced, the segmentation time is shortened, and the segmented contour line is smoother and more complete; the segmentation precision is improved, the calculation speed is accelerated, and the defect area is extracted more accurately. Through comparing with the map in the database, judge the defect position and type of the cable, and output the judged result, detection precision and calculation speed are greatly improved.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an image acquisition module of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an image preprocessing unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the improved C-V model of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an image processing unit and an intelligent judgment module according to the present invention.
The meaning of the respective reference numerals is as follows:
1: x-ray source, 2: cable to be tested, 3: image intensifier, 4: optical camera, 5: CCD image sensor, 6: a/D and signal processing unit, 7: image processor, 8: camlink interface, 9: SRAM array, 10: clock synchronization signal module, 11: FLASH program memory, 12: a clustering device, 13: first restorer, 14: second restorer, 15: defect detection unit, 16: controller, 17: a spectra database.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4 of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
Examples
An X-ray cable detection system comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module connected with the image acquisition module, and an intelligent judgment module connected with the image processing module.
The image acquisition module comprises an image intensifier 3 for receiving X-rays and an optical camera 4 connected with the image intensifier, wherein the optical camera 4 comprises an optical lens and a CCD image sensor 5.
The image processing module comprises an image preprocessing unit and an image processing unit.
The image preprocessing unit comprises an A/D and signal processing unit 6 connected with the CCD image sensor 5 and an image processor 7 connected with the A/D and signal processing unit 6, the image processor 7 is respectively in signal interconnection with an SRAM array 9 and a FLASH program memory 10, and the image processor 7 is connected with a Camlink interface 8.
The image processing unit comprises a clusterer 12, a first restorer 13 connected to the clusterer, and a second restorer 14 connected to the first restorer 13.
The CCD image sensor 5 is connected with a clock synchronization signal module 10.
The intelligent judgment module comprises a defect detection unit 15 connected with the image processing unit, and a map database 17 connected with the defect detection unit 15 through a controller 16.
The defect detection unit is a C-V model introducing a local fitting function and a Gaussian kernel function.
The map database comprises a normal map, a defect map and a defect type.
After the X-ray source is opened, the generated X-rays transmit through the cable to be detected, are received by the image intensifier and are converted into optical images, and the optical images are converged on the CCD image sensor through the optical lens to convert optical signals into electrical signals. The image preprocessing unit converts the collected electrical signals into digital signals, and the functions of gray level change, smooth filtering, recursive noise reduction and the like of the image are realized by utilizing the data processing function of the image processor.
The image processor is an FPGA, the operation speed can reach ns level, and high-speed real-time acquisition and processing of images can be met. Compared with other processors, the FPGA has the advantages that developers are allowed to utilize and process technologies to process signals, and only one FPGA chip can realize system functions and realize processing such as denoising and sharpening of images.
The image preprocessing steps are as follows:
1. after power-on, firstly configuring an A/D conversion chip, then downloading the program and data stored in the FLASH into the RAM, and initializing the FPGA;
2. the analog-to-digital conversion device converts the analog signal into an 8-bit digital signal and sends the digital signal, the pixel and the line-field synchronous signal to the FPGA;
3. the FPGA completes image processing such as accumulated denoising, gray level conversion, background uniformity and the like of four frames of images under the action of a row synchronization signal, a frame synchronization signal and a pixel synchronization signal;
4. the background image stored in the FLSAH is loaded into the random access memory, so that the image processor can easily read the background information, and the background noise of the acquired X-ray camera image is filtered.
The clock signal and synchronization signal of the CCD image sensor are supplied from the chip CXD1261AR, and functions such as a signal generation device, an electronic shutter, and a vertical clock signal are built in.
The image processing unit comprises a clustering device, a first restorer connected with the clustering device, and a second restorer connected with the first restorer. The clustering device carries out clustering according to a kmeans method, the class with the minimum gray value after clustering is restored to be background color (RGB = [0,0,0 ]) through the first restorer, and the rest classes are restored to be color original images through the second restorer, so that more accurate monitoring images are obtained.
The defect detection module divides the image, an improved C-V model is adopted, a local fitting function and a Gaussian kernel function are introduced into the model on the basis of a traditional C-V model, and multiple iterations can be performed in the dividing process until a satisfactory dividing result is obtained. The local fitting function and the Gaussian kernel function are introduced, so that the algorithm can not only segment images with uneven gray levels, but also shorten the segmentation time, simultaneously enable the segmentation contour lines to be smoother and more complete, and add the level set function to perform level set topology optimization to obtain a robust segmentation result.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An X-ray cable detection system is characterized in that: the intelligent image acquisition system comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module connected with the image acquisition module, and an intelligent judgment module connected with the image processing module.
2. The X-ray cable inspection system of claim 1, wherein: the image acquisition module comprises an image intensifier for receiving X-rays and an optical camera connected with the image intensifier, and the optical camera comprises an optical lens and a CCD image sensor.
3. The X-ray cable inspection system of claim 2, wherein: the image processing module comprises an image preprocessing unit and an image processing unit.
4. An X-ray cable inspection system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the image preprocessing unit comprises an A/D and signal processing unit connected with the CCD image sensor and an image processor connected with the A/D and signal processing unit, the image processor is respectively connected with an SRAM array and a FLASH program memory through signals, and the image processor is connected with a Camlink interface.
5. An X-ray cable inspection system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the image processing unit comprises a clustering device, a first restorer connected with the clustering device, and a second restorer connected with the first restorer.
6. The X-ray cable inspection system of claim 5, wherein: the CCD image sensor is connected with a clock synchronization signal module.
7. The X-ray cable inspection system of claim 6, wherein: the intelligent judgment module comprises a defect detection unit connected with the image processing unit and a map database connected with the defect detection unit through a controller.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112730483A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-04-30 | 中国计量大学 | Cable nondestructive testing device |
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| CN107957534A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-04-24 | 国网山东省电力公司济南供电公司 | A kind of cable connector detection device and method based on x-ray scanning |
| CN108535291A (en) * | 2018-04-29 | 2018-09-14 | 成都凯威计量技术有限公司 | A kind of cable detection system based on X-ray digital imagery |
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| CN107957534A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-04-24 | 国网山东省电力公司济南供电公司 | A kind of cable connector detection device and method based on x-ray scanning |
| CN107941828A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-04-20 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of power cable and connector nondestructive detection system and method based on X-ray Real Time Imaging Technology |
| CN108535291A (en) * | 2018-04-29 | 2018-09-14 | 成都凯威计量技术有限公司 | A kind of cable detection system based on X-ray digital imagery |
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| CN112730483A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-04-30 | 中国计量大学 | Cable nondestructive testing device |
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