CN111928975A - Thermistor environment test method and device - Google Patents

Thermistor environment test method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111928975A
CN111928975A CN202011038644.1A CN202011038644A CN111928975A CN 111928975 A CN111928975 A CN 111928975A CN 202011038644 A CN202011038644 A CN 202011038644A CN 111928975 A CN111928975 A CN 111928975A
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pressure
thermistor
valve
temperature
constant temperature
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李海兵
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XINJIANG UYGUR AUTONOMOUS REGION INSTITUTE OF MEASUREMENT AND TESTING
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XINJIANG UYGUR AUTONOMOUS REGION INSTITUTE OF MEASUREMENT AND TESTING
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K15/00Testing or calibrating of thermometers
    • G01K15/007Testing

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermistor environment test method and a thermistor environment test device, which comprise the following steps: s1: an impact resistance test was performed by first determining the range of use of the thermistor, S2: performing a heat aging test, S3: the thermistor environment test method and the device provided by the invention design a comprehensive system of the piston type pressure gauge based on the automatic weight bearing, use a piston system, an automatic weight loading system, a liquid storage device, a hydraulic pneumatic pump, a throttle valve, a pneumatic hydraulic inlet valve, a throttle outflow valve, an electronic pressure regulator and a high-pressure sensor, and can conveniently and quickly realize the output of standard pressure. Meanwhile, a constant temperature and humidity box based on a dry and humidity thermometer is designed, so that the rapid constant of temperature can be realized, the setting of up to 15 temperature gradients and various rich interfaces can be realized, and the remote control of a local area network and the Internet can be realized.

Description

Thermistor environment test method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermistors, in particular to a thermistor environment test method and a thermistor environment test device.
Background
Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistors have the characteristics of small volume, quick temperature sensing and sensitivity to temperature, are widely applied to temperature measurement, temperature control, temperature compensation, surge suppression and the like, and are particularly applied to the fields of aerospace, deep sea, medicine, biological thermophysics, microfluid, combustible gas detection and the like. The common NTC thermistor material is prepared by doping partial metal oxides in transition metal oxides such as Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Zn and the like as raw materials and processing the raw materials through a semiconductor ceramic process, so that thermistors with different room temperature resistivity and thermistor temperature constant B values are obtained.
Stable electrical performance is very important for NTC thermistors. However, the resistivity drift of the thermistor, known as "aging", typically occurs during use at high temperatures. The manner of evaluating the aging is to perform an accelerated aging test on the performance of the NTC ceramic. The typical aging temperature in air is 125 ℃.
Around the national strategy of building the oceanic strong country, the localization of core devices of an ocean environment monitoring device XBT instrument and a CTD instrument is realized, and the development work of the thermistor for ocean temperature measurement applied to the condition of the depth of 6000 m seawater is carried out under the support of the technical research of a deep sea environment monitoring temperature sensor of the national '863' project. And the pressure value under the ocean depth is larger and can generally reach 100 MPa. The influence on the aging performance of the thermistor under high pressure is huge, the resistance values under different pressures and temperatures need to be actually measured, a common piston pressure gauge is designed according to the hydrostatic principle, namely, the fluid pressure acting on the effective area of the piston is balanced with the loaded gravity, and the piston pressure gauge is suspended in a piston cylinder and is at a fixed position. In order to avoid generating static friction force, when the piston rod is in work, the piston rod and the piston cylinder are in relative rotation motion, and the piston cylinder and the piston rod are in relative rotation motion to enable the piston rod to be located at the middle position of the piston cylinder. The basic formula of the generated pressure is as follows:
Figure BDA0002705937360000021
wherein Ae is the effective area (m) of the piston at the reference temperature2) P is the measured pressure (Pa), m is the total mass (kg) of the weight, piston and connecting piece, g is the local gravitational acceleration (m/s)2) However, the disadvantages of this method are also obvious, 1, the operation is complex, and a great deal of time is consumed; 2. the piston is repeatedly taken out, so that the piston is easily damaged; 3. the weight is repeatedly loaded and unloaded, so that the weight is easily damaged by people;4. the measurement accuracy is poor, the measurement is artificial, and subjective errors are caused by visual observation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermistor environment test method and a thermistor environment test device, which aim to solve the problems that 1, the operation is complex and a large amount of time is consumed; 2. the piston is repeatedly taken out, so that the piston is easily damaged; 3. the weight is repeatedly loaded and unloaded, so that the weight is easily damaged by people; 4. the measurement accuracy is poor, the measurement is artificial, and subjective errors are caused by visual observation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a thermistor environment test method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: performing an impact resistance test
Determining the use range of the thermistor, and adopting the thermistor with the measurement range of (-40-70) DEG C.
The number of thermal shock cycles is not less than 100, and the time and temperature requirements of each thermal shock cycle are as follows: measuring the resistance drift rate after completion of 10min (upper temperature limit 70 ℃) → 15min (room temperature) → 10min (lower temperature limit-30 ℃), wherein the resistance drift rate is as follows:
Figure BDA0002705937360000022
wherein R is0Is an initial resistance value, R1The resistance value after thermal shock.
S2: performing a thermal aging test
The temperature requirement of the thermal aging test is 125 ℃, the aging time is 1000 hours, and after the test is finished, the resistance drift rate is measured:
Figure BDA0002705937360000023
wherein R is0Is an initial resistance value, R2The resistance value after thermal shock.
S3: performing a pressure test
And setting a standard pressure value on a control computer, and reading the environmental parameters and the piston parameters by the control computer through a built-in environmental parameter measuring system and a built-in piston parameter measuring system.
And correcting the current standard pressure value so as to determine the mass of the weight which is actually loaded.
The control computer loads the weight on the piston system by controlling the weight loading system and starts the hydraulic pump, pressurizing the hydraulic system through the throttle valve 3a which plays a role of buffering, and the high-pressure liquid is supplied to the dead weight gauge, the SCVV (servo controlled variable volume) and the pressure gauge to be tested through the pneumatic hydraulic inlet valve.
When the hydraulic system pressure is too high, the system pressure may be reduced by the pressure regulator.
The pressure of the hydraulic system is monitored by a high-pressure sensor, and a pressure signal acquired by the high-pressure sensor is fed back to the electronic pressure regulator so as to accurately control the pressure.
When pressure is relieved, liquid is discharged through the throttling outflow valve, pressure is reduced through the throttling valve, and finally the outflow valve is opened to directly and quickly discharge the liquid back to the liquid reservoir so that the pressure is zero.
The utility model provides a thermistor environmental test device, includes constant temperature and humidity case, the right-hand member of constant temperature and humidity case is connected in one side of pipeline under pressure, pipeline under pressure's opposite side is connected with piston pressure gauge and supercharging device, supercharging device's left side is connected with the mechanical pump, be connected with one side of atmospheric pressure pipeline on the mechanical pump, the opposite side of atmospheric pressure pipeline is connected on the piston pressure gauge, the system of piston pressure gauge includes reservoir, hydraulic pressure pneumatic pump, first choke valve, second choke valve, pneumatic hydraulic pressure import valve, throttle outflow valve, electron pressure regulator and high pressure sensor, the inside of constant temperature and humidity case is provided with testing platform, testing platform includes the pressure base, the upper end of pressure base is provided with thermistor measurement module, thermistor measurement module includes totally enclosed thermistor collection module, and, High accuracy resistor, display module and power module have included constant current source, digital multimeter and special connector, the right side of constant temperature and humidity incasement chamber has set gradually the refrigerator from top to bottom, heater and fan, the cryovial in the refrigerator runs through the right side wall of constant temperature and humidity case is connected with the expansion valve for the cooling and dehumidifies and uses the expansion valve, axis of rotation on the fan runs through the right side wall of constant temperature and humidity case is connected in the drive end of motor, the right side of lateral wall is provided with the opening and installs the humidifier under the constant temperature and humidity case, the humidifier includes heater and humidifier fan for psychrometric bulb thermometer, humidifier motor, humidification, be provided with highly adjustable base, meet interface and gate valve soon on the pressure base.
Preferably, the shaft lever of the height adjustable base is provided with an external thread, and the pressure base is provided with an internal thread hole matched with the pressure base for use.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the thermistor environment test method and the device provided by the invention design a comprehensive system of the piston type pressure gauge based on the automatic weight bearing, and the piston system, the automatic weight loading system, the liquid storage device, the hydraulic pneumatic pump, the throttle valve, the pneumatic hydraulic inlet valve, the throttle outlet valve, the electronic pressure regulator and the high-pressure sensor are used, so that the standard pressure can be conveniently and quickly output. Meanwhile, a constant temperature and humidity box based on a dry and humidity thermometer is designed, so that the rapid constant of temperature can be realized, the setting of up to 15 temperature gradients and various rich interfaces can be realized, and the remote control of a local area network and the Internet can be realized. The thermistor detection module comprises a thermistor acquisition module, a display module and a power supply module. The method and the device provided by the invention can realize the detection of the resistance value of the thermistor in the environments of aging, thermal shock and pressure, and simultaneously improve the detection efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general structure diagram of a thermistor environmental test comprehensive measurement device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a piston manometer system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the constant temperature and humidity chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a thermistor measurement module according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure base of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-constant temperature and humidity box, 2-pressure pipeline, 3-piston pressure gauge, 4-supercharging device, 5-mechanical pump, 6-pneumatic pipeline, 7-reservoir, 8-hydraulic pneumatic pump, 9-first throttle valve, 10-second throttle valve, 11-pneumatic hydraulic inlet valve, 12-throttle outlet valve, 13-outlet valve, 14-electronic pressure regulator, 15-high pressure sensor, 16-pressure base, 17-full-sealed thermistor acquisition module, 18-high precision resistor, 19-constant current source, 20-special connector, 21-refrigerator, 22-heater, 23-fan, 24-expansion valve for cooling, 25-expansion valve for dehumidification, 26-motor, 27-dry wet ball thermometer, 24-air pressure sensor, 2-pressure pipeline, 3-piston pressure gauge, 4-supercharging device, 5-mechanical pump, 6-air pressure pipeline, 2-pressure reservoir, 9-hydraulic, 28-humidifier motor, 29-heater for humidification, 30-humidifier fan, 31-height adjustable base, 32-quick connector and 33-gate valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: a thermistor environment test method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: performing an impact resistance test
Determining the use range of the thermistor, and adopting the thermistor with the measurement range of (-40-70) DEG C.
The number of thermal shock cycles is required to be not less than 100, when the metal material is heated and cooled rapidly, a large temperature difference is generated inside the metal material, so that a large thermal shock stress is caused, the phenomenon is called thermal shock, and the time and temperature requirements of each thermal shock cycle are as follows: 10min (upper temperature limit 70 ℃) → 15min (room temperature) → 10min (lower temperature limit-30 ℃).
Measuring the rate of resistance drift, resistance after completionThe drift rate is:
Figure BDA0002705937360000051
wherein R is0Is an initial resistance value, R1The resistance value after thermal shock.
S2: performing a thermal aging test
The temperature of the heat aging test is required to be 125 ℃, and the aging time is 1000 hours.
After completion, the resistance drift rate was measured:
Figure BDA0002705937360000052
wherein R is0Is an initial resistance value, R2The resistance value after thermal shock.
S3: performing a pressure test
And setting a standard pressure value on a control computer, and reading the environmental parameters and the piston parameters by the control computer through a built-in environmental parameter measuring system and a built-in piston parameter measuring system.
And correcting the current standard pressure value so as to determine the mass of the weight which is actually loaded.
The control computer loads the weight on the piston system by controlling the weight loading system, and starts the hydraulic pump, pressurizes the hydraulic system by the throttle valve 3a which plays a role of buffering, the high pressure liquid is provided for the dead weight instrument, the SCVV (servo control variable volume) and the pressure gauge to be detected by the pneumatic hydraulic inlet valve, the SCVV is a cylinder, and a piston which moves back and forth is arranged in the SCVV.
When the hydraulic system pressure is too high, the system pressure may be reduced by the pressure regulator.
The pressure of the hydraulic system is monitored by a high-pressure sensor, and a pressure signal acquired by the high-pressure sensor is fed back to the electronic pressure regulator so as to accurately control the pressure.
When pressure is relieved, liquid is discharged through the throttling outflow valve, pressure is reduced through the throttling valve, and finally the outflow valve is opened to directly and quickly discharge the liquid back to the liquid reservoir so that the pressure is zero.
A thermistor environment test device comprises a constant temperature and humidity box 1, wherein the refrigeration mode of the constant temperature and humidity box 1 is mechanical refrigeration, namely, vapor compression refrigeration is adopted. They are mainly composed of a compressor, a condenser, a throttle structure and an evaporator. The refrigerant constantly absorbs the energy that the air passed to the evaporimeter in the evaporimeter and reaches the purpose of refrigeration, and when the temperature of the air in the incasement was less than required temperature, the control system switch on electric heater of constant temperature and humidity case heated for the air, sent the incasement through the fan and reaches the purpose of heating, and the humidification mode of constant temperature and humidity case 1 generally adopts the steam humidification method, is about to direct injection test space humidification of low pressure steam. The humidifying mode has the advantages of strong humidifying capacity, high speed and sensitive humidifying control, particularly, forced humidification is easy to realize during cooling, and the sensor system of the constant temperature and humidity box 1 is mainly a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. The temperature sensor uses platinum resistance, the humidity transducer uses capacitive sensor, the right-hand member of constant temperature and humidity case 1 is connected in one side of pipeline under pressure 2, the opposite side of pipeline under pressure 2 is connected with piston pressure gauge 3 and supercharging device 4, the left side of supercharging device 4 is connected with mechanical pump 5, be connected with one side of atmospheric pressure pipeline 6 on the mechanical pump 5, the opposite side of atmospheric pressure pipeline 6 is connected on piston pressure gauge 3, piston pressure gauge 3's system includes reservoir 7, hydropneumatic pump 8, first choke valve 9, second choke valve 10, pneumatic hydraulic pressure inlet valve 11, throttle outflow valve 12, outflow valve 13, electronic pressure regulator 14 and high pressure sensor 15, the inside of constant temperature and humidity case 1 is provided with testing platform, testing platform includes pressure base 16, pressure base 16 is used for loading the thermistor that is examined. The thermistor measuring module is connected with a piston type pressure gauge 3 for automatically loading weights through a pressure base 16 and a pressure pipeline, a detected pressure reference surface can be determined according to the length of a detected thermistor, and the detected pressure reference surface and a reference surface of a standard piston type pressure gauge are adjusted to be in the same plane. Because in the verification process, the temperature is an important parameter, the highest temperature is 150 ℃, the pressure base 16 and the sealing rubber ring are used for heat-resistant aging tests to meet the needs of the test, the upper end of the pressure base 16 is provided with a thermistor measuring module, the thermistor measuring module comprises a full-sealing thermistor collecting module 17, a high-precision resistor 18, a display module and a power module, the display module and the power module comprise a constant current source 19, a digital multimeter and a special connector 20, O on the high-precision resistor 18 is a measuring public end, A, B, C, D, E is a connecting end of the thermistor to be detected, the right side of the inner cavity of the constant temperature and humidity box 1 is sequentially provided with a refrigerator 21, a heater 22 and a fan 23 from top to bottom, a freezing pipe in the refrigerator 21 penetrates through the right side wall of the constant temperature and humidity box 1 and is connected with a cooling expansion valve 24 and a dehumidifying expansion valve 25, the rotating shaft on the fan 23 penetrates through the right side wall of the constant temperature and humidity box 1 and is connected to the driving end of the motor 26, the right side of the lower side wall of the constant temperature and humidity box 1 is provided with an opening and is provided with a humidifier, the humidifier comprises a dry-wet bulb thermometer 27, a humidifier motor 28, a heater 29 and a humidifier fan 30 for humidification, a height-adjustable base 31 is arranged on the pressure base 16, a quick connection interface 32 and a gate valve 33 are arranged, the constant temperature and humidity box 1 can realize quick constant of temperature, up to 15 temperature gradients are arranged, and various and abundant interfaces can realize remote control of a local area network and the Internet. In addition to general functions, a dedicated connection port and a dedicated detection platform are designed as necessary. The connector is used for connecting the thermistor measuring module and the automatic coding piston type pressure gauge. The test platform is used to place the pressure mount 16 and thermistor measurement module. Different temperature gradients can correspond to the thermistors with different measuring ranges, the measuring range of the constant temperature box is (-60-300) DEG C, the measuring range of the thermistors can be (-60-40) DEG C, (40-90) DEG C, (90-140) DEG C, (140-190) DEG C, (190-240) DEG C and (240-300) DEG C, and the performance test of the low-temperature and medium-temperature thermistors in different environments can be basically realized.
Specifically, the shaft of the height adjustable base 31 is provided with an external thread, and the pressure base 16 is provided with an internal thread hole used in cooperation therewith.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description of the specification and the accompanying drawings, the specific connection mode of each part adopts conventional means such as bolts, rivets, welding and the like mature in the prior art, the machines, the parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection mode in the prior art, so that the detailed description is omitted.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. A thermistor environment test method comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: performing an impact resistance test
Determining the use range of the thermistor, and adopting the thermistor with the measurement range of (-40-70) DEG C;
the number of thermal shock cycles is not less than 100, and the time and temperature requirements of each thermal shock cycle are as follows: 10min (upper temperature limit 70 ℃) → 15min (room temperature) → 10min (lower temperature limit-30 ℃);
and measuring the resistance drift rate after the completion, wherein the resistance drift rate is as follows:
Figure FDA0002705937350000011
wherein R is0Is an initial resistance value, R1Resistance value after thermal shock;
s2: performing a thermal aging test
The temperature requirement of the thermal aging test is 125 ℃, and the aging time is 1000 hours;
after completion, the resistance drift rate was measured:
Figure FDA0002705937350000012
wherein R is0Is an initial resistance value, R2Resistance value after thermal shock;
s3: performing a pressure test
Setting a standard pressure value on a control computer, and reading environmental parameters and piston parameters by the control computer through a built-in environmental parameter measuring system and a built-in piston parameter measuring system;
correcting the current standard pressure value so as to determine the mass of the weight which should be loaded actually;
the control computer loads the weight on the piston system by controlling the weight loading system, starts the hydraulic pump, pressurizes the hydraulic system by the throttling valve 3a which plays a role of buffering, and the high-pressure liquid is provided for the dead weight instrument, the SCVV (servo control variable volume) and the pressure gauge to be detected by the pneumatic hydraulic inlet valve;
the pressure of the hydraulic system is monitored through a high-pressure sensor, and a pressure signal acquired by the high-pressure sensor is fed back to an electronic pressure regulator so as to accurately control the pressure, and when the pressure of the hydraulic system is overhigh, the pressure of the system is reduced through the electronic pressure regulator;
when pressure is relieved, liquid is discharged through the throttling outflow valve, pressure is reduced through the throttling valve, and finally the outflow valve is opened to directly and quickly discharge the liquid back to the liquid reservoir so that the pressure is zero.
2. A thermistor environmental test device is characterized in that: the device comprises a constant temperature and humidity box (1), the right end of the constant temperature and humidity box (1) is connected to one side of a pressure pipeline (2), the other side of the pressure pipeline (2) is connected with a piston type pressure gauge (3) and a supercharging device (4), the left side of the supercharging device (4) is connected with a mechanical pump (5), one side of an air pressure pipeline (6) is connected onto the mechanical pump (5), the other side of the air pressure pipeline (6) is connected onto the piston type pressure gauge (3), the system of the piston type pressure gauge (3) comprises a liquid storage device (7), a hydraulic pneumatic pump (8), a first throttle valve (9), a second throttle valve (10), a pneumatic hydraulic inlet valve (11), a throttle valve (12), a discharge valve (13), an electronic pressure regulator (14) and a high pressure sensor (15), a detection platform is arranged inside the constant temperature and humidity box (1), the detection platform comprises a pressure base (16), the upper end of the pressure base (16) is provided with a thermistor measurement module, the thermistor measurement module comprises a fully-sealed thermistor acquisition module (17), a high-precision resistor (18), a display module and a power module, the display module and the power module comprise a constant current source (19), a digital multimeter and a special connector (20), the right side of the inner cavity of the constant temperature and humidity box (1) is sequentially provided with a refrigerator (21), a heater (22) and a fan (23) from top to bottom, a freezing pipe in the refrigerator (21) penetrates through the right side wall of the constant temperature and humidity box (1) and is connected with an expansion valve (24) for cooling and an expansion valve (25) for dehumidification, and a rotating shaft on the fan (23) penetrates through the right side wall of the constant temperature and humidity box (1) and is connected with the driving end of a motor (26), the utility model discloses a constant temperature and humidity cabinet, including constant temperature and humidity case (1) lower lateral wall, the right side of lateral wall is provided with the opening and installs the humidifier, the humidifier includes dry and wet bulb thermometer (27), humidifier motor (28), heater (29) and humidifier fan (30) for the humidification, be provided with height-adjustable base (31), connect interface (32) and gate valve (33) soon on pressure base (16).
3. A thermistor environmental test set according to claim 2, characterized in that: the shaft lever of the height adjustable base (31) is provided with an external thread, and the pressure base (16) is provided with an internal thread hole matched with the pressure base for use.
CN202011038644.1A 2020-09-28 2020-09-28 Thermistor environment test method and device Pending CN111928975A (en)

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