CN111928657B

CN111928657B - Multi-layer heating furnace

Info

Publication number: CN111928657B
Application number: CN202010852363.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 付卓; 申巍; 吴伍雄; 钟亿; 李天豪; 陈金亮; 李波; 周琼
Original assignee: Dongguan Horst Hot Stamping Technology Co ltd; Jiangxi Haosite Auto Parts Co ltd
Current assignee: Dongguan Horst Hot Stamping Technology Co ltd; Jiangxi Haosite Auto Parts Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-21
Filing date: 2020-08-21
Publication date: 2022-11-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-21
Also published as: CN111928657A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal forming, in particular to a multilayer heating furnace, which comprises a furnace body, an opening and closing device and a plurality of furnace doors, wherein jacks are respectively arranged on two sides of each furnace door, the opening and closing device comprises a frame body, a lifting mechanism and an opening and closing mechanism, the furnace body is positioned in the frame body, the opening and closing mechanism is movably arranged on the frame body and comprises two opening and closing components, the opening and closing components comprise a base, a first translation mechanism, a second translation mechanism and an inserting column, the base is movably arranged on the lifting mechanism, the first translation mechanism is arranged on the base and used for driving the second translation mechanism to move back and forth, and the inserting column is arranged at the output end of the second translation mechanism and used for being inserted into the jack. According to the invention, through the matching of the lifting mechanism and the first translation mechanism and the second translation mechanism of the opening and closing assembly, the insertion control column is inserted into the insertion hole of the furnace door from inside to outside to clamp the furnace door, the stability is better, and the reliable clamping and opening and closing of the furnace door are ensured.

Description

Multi-layer heating furnace

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal forming, in particular to a multilayer heating furnace.

Background

In order to improve the efficiency of the hot forming process, a multi-layer heating furnace is usually adopted for heating at present, namely, each layer of the multi-layer heating furnace is respectively used for heating a blank, and the stamping period is shorter than the heating period, so that the method can be used for fully utilizing the time.

However, since the blank is generally heated to a temperature above 930 ℃ to transform the metallographic structure from ferrite to fully austenite in the hot forming process, the thermal insulation of the blank must be better, and most importantly, the furnace door needs to be thick enough to perform the thermal insulation function, so that the furnace door of the general heating furnace is very heavy and is difficult to open in a short time by adopting a manual mode; however, if an automatic mode is adopted, the existing manipulator is opened in a mode of clamping from the outer side of the furnace door to the inner side, obviously, the mode is not stable enough, and the situation that the furnace door can be stably clamped and opened and closed every time cannot be guaranteed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a multilayer heating furnace aiming at the problems in the prior art, a plurality of heating cavities respectively and independently work, and the furnace door can be stably opened and closed each time.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a multilayer heating furnace which comprises a furnace body, an opening and closing device and a plurality of furnace doors, wherein the furnace body is provided with a plurality of heating cavities in parallel, the plurality of furnace doors are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of heating cavities, two sides of each furnace door are respectively provided with a jack, the opening and closing device comprises a frame body, a lifting mechanism and an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the furnace doors, the furnace body is positioned in the frame body, the opening and closing mechanism is movably arranged in the frame body, the lifting mechanism is used for driving the opening and closing mechanism to lift, the opening and closing mechanism comprises two opening and closing components, each opening and closing component comprises a base, a first translation mechanism, a second translation mechanism and an insertion column, the base is movably arranged in the lifting mechanism, the first translation mechanism is arranged on the base and used for driving the second translation mechanism to move back and forth, the second translation mechanism is arranged on the first translation mechanism, the insertion column is arranged at the output end of the second translation mechanism, the two opening and closing components are arranged opposite to each other, and the second translation mechanism is used for driving the insertion column to be inserted into the jacks of the furnace doors from inside to outside.

Furthermore, the first translation mechanism comprises a translation motor, a translation transmission mechanism, a first translation slide rail and a first translation seat, the translation motor and the first translation slide rail are both arranged on the lifting mechanism, the first translation seat is slidably arranged on the first translation slide rail, the translation motor is connected with the first translation seat through the translation transmission mechanism in a transmission manner, and the second translation mechanism is arranged on the first translation slide rail.

Furthermore, the translation transmission mechanism comprises a transmission gear, a transmission rack and a speed reducer, the translation motor is in transmission connection with the transmission gear through the speed reducer, the transmission rack is arranged on the first translation seat, the transmission rack is meshed with the transmission gear, and the transmission rack is arranged in parallel with the first translation sliding rail.

Furthermore, the second translation mechanism comprises a translation cylinder and a second translation seat, the translation cylinder is arranged on the first translation mechanism, the second translation seat is arranged on a piston rod of the translation cylinder, and the insertion column is arranged on the second translation seat;

the second translation mechanism further comprises at least two buffer parts, and the at least two buffer parts are arranged on the second translation seat and positioned on the periphery of the translation cylinder; the first translation mechanism is provided with at least two contact pieces, and the buffer pieces and the contact pieces are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

when the translation cylinder drives the insertion column to be inserted into the insertion hole of the furnace door, the buffer piece moves along with the second translation seat until the buffer piece is abutted against the abutting piece so as to prevent the insertion column from being inserted into the insertion hole of the furnace door too deeply.

Furthermore, the second translation mechanism further comprises pulleys, guide plates are arranged on two sides of the furnace door respectively, and the pulleys are used for abutting against the guide plates arranged on two sides of the furnace door and sliding on the guide plates.

The furnace door comprises a door body, a front plate, a heat insulation layer and a back plate, wherein the two sides of the door body are respectively provided with an insertion hole, the front plate is positioned at the back end of the door body, the heat insulation layer is arranged between the front plate and the back plate, the back plate is connected with the door body, and the front plate is provided with a plurality of compensation grooves at intervals; the back plate comprises a back main body and two connecting assemblies, the two connecting assemblies are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the back main body, each connecting assembly comprises a plurality of side-by-side arranged furnace door connecting plates, the furnace door connecting plates are connected with the door main body, and a compensation gap is arranged between every two adjacent furnace door connecting plates;

the front plate, the heat insulation layer and the back plate are used for covering an opening of an external heating furnace.

Furthermore, the both sides of the door body are respectively provided with a door assembly that opens and shuts that is used for with the mechanism complex that opens and shuts, and the door assembly that opens and shuts includes deflector and extension board, and the door body and extension board are connected respectively at the both ends of deflector, and the extension board is the angle setting with the deflector, and the jack sets up in the extension board.

Further, the insulation layer is made of asbestos and is provided with a plurality of compensation holes.

Furthermore, each heating cavity is respectively provided with a heating mechanism, each heating mechanism comprises an asbestos support piece, a plurality of support rods and at least two guide rods for guiding blanks, the asbestos support pieces are arranged at the bottom of the heating cavity, the plurality of support rods are all arranged on the asbestos support pieces, the guide rods are arranged at the tops of the support rods, and heating wires are arranged in the guide rods;

the supporting rod and the guide rod are made of heat-resistant materials.

Furthermore, each heating cavity is internally provided with a thermocouple for detecting and feeding back temperature, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a protection hole, the protection hole is respectively communicated with the heating cavities, and the protection hole is used for being communicated with an external protective gas injection device.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the lifting mechanism drives the opening and closing assembly to lift, and the first translation mechanism and the second translation mechanism of the opening and closing assembly are matched, so that the insertion control column is inserted into the insertion hole of the furnace door from inside to outside to clamp the furnace door, the stability is better, the reliable clamping and opening and closing of the furnace door are ensured, and the smooth operation of an automatic process is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the opening and closing device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the opening and closing assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a second translation mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the lift assembly of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the oven door of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of fig. 7 at a.

Fig. 8 is an internal schematic view of fig. 7 in the direction B.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the interior of the heating chamber of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the lower support rod, the guide rod and the asbestos support member in the direction C of fig. 9.

Reference numerals: 1-furnace body, 2-opening and closing device, 3-furnace door, 4-frame body, 5-lifting mechanism, 6-opening and closing component, 11-heating cavity, 12-heating mechanism, 13-asbestos support piece, 14-supporting rod, 15-guiding rod, 16-heating wire, 17-thermocouple, 31-door body, 32-front plate, 33-heat-insulating layer, 34-back plate, 35-furnace door fixing component, 51-lifting motor, 52-lifting transmission mechanism, 61-base, 62-first translation mechanism, 63-second translation mechanism, 64-inserting column, 311-window, 312-guiding plate, 313-extending plate, 314-inserting hole, 321-compensation groove, 331-compensation hole, 341-main body, 342-furnace door, 343-compensation gap, 351-furnace door screw, 352-furnace door nut, 621-translation motor, 622-translation transmission mechanism, 623, first translation slide rail, 624-first translation seat, 625-transmission gear, 626-628, speed reducer, transmission piece, 627-contact piece, 631-translation transmission mechanism, 634, cylinder, 632-second translation seat, and 633-pulley.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the multilayer heating furnace provided by the present invention includes a furnace body 1, an opening and closing device 2 and a plurality of furnace doors 3, wherein the furnace body 1 is provided with a plurality of heating chambers 11 in parallel, the plurality of furnace doors 3 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of heating chambers 11, the opening and closing device 2 includes a frame body 4, a lifting mechanism 5 and an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the furnace doors 3, the furnace body 1 is located in the frame body 4, the opening and closing mechanism is movably disposed on the frame body 4, the lifting mechanism 5 is used for driving the opening and closing mechanism to lift, the opening and closing mechanism includes two opening and closing components 6, the opening and closing components 6 include a base 61, a first translation mechanism 62, a second translation mechanism 63 and an insert column 64, the base 61 is movably disposed on the lifting mechanism 5, the first translation mechanism 62 is disposed on the base 61 and is used for driving the second translation mechanism 63 to move back and forth, the second translation mechanism 63 is disposed on the first translation mechanism 62, the insert column 64 is mounted on an output end of the second translation mechanism 63, the second translation mechanism 63 is disposed opposite to the insert column 64 from an inner side to an insert hole 314 of the furnace door 3.

In this embodiment, the oven door 3 includes a door body 31, a front plate 32, a heat insulation layer 33 and a back plate 34, two sides of the door body 31 are respectively provided with an insertion hole 314, the front plate 32 is located at the back end of the door body 31, the heat insulation layer 33 is arranged between the front plate 32 and the back plate 34, and the back plate 34 is connected with the door body 31.

That is, in use, the oven door 3 is used to cover the heating chamber 11 so that the temperature inside the heating chamber 11 is transmitted to the outside as little as possible, thereby reducing the loss of energy and avoiding excessive ambient temperature. When the oven door 3 needs to be opened, the lifting mechanism 5 drives the opening and closing mechanism to move to the oven door 3, and the two second translation mechanisms 63 drive the two insert columns 64 to move towards the direction of approaching each other until the insert columns 64 move to the other side of the extension plate 313 from the outer side of the extension plate 313 close to the second translation mechanism; then the first translation mechanism 62 drives the second translation mechanism 63 and the plug column 64 to retreat until the plug column 64 is located between the jacks 314 on the two sides, then the second translation mechanism 63 drives the plug column 64 to move so that the plug column 64 is plugged into the jack 314 on the side, and finally the first translation mechanism 62 drives the second driving mechanism and the plug column 64 to move outwards, so as to pull the oven door 3 to be opened. Because the furnace door 3 is clamped and opened in a reverse direction from inside to outside, the defect that the furnace door 3 cannot be reliably opened due to insufficient clamping force is overcome, and the quality of the process is improved.

In this embodiment, the first translation mechanism 62 includes a translation motor 621, a translation transmission mechanism 622, a first translation sliding rail 623 and a first translation base 624, the translation motor 621 and the first translation sliding rail 623 are both disposed on the lifting mechanism 5, the first translation base 624 is slidably disposed on the first translation sliding rail 623, the translation motor 621 is connected to the first translation base 624 through the translation transmission mechanism 622, and the second translation mechanism 63 is disposed on the first translation sliding rail 623. That is, the translation motor 621 drives the first translation base 624 to slide along the first translation sliding rail 623 through the translation transmission mechanism 622, so as to drive the second translation mechanism 63 disposed on the first translation base 624 to move back and forth, thereby achieving a driving effect.

Specifically, the translation transmission mechanism 622 includes a transmission gear 625, a transmission rack 626 and a speed reducer 627, the translation motor 621 is in transmission connection with the transmission gear 625 through the speed reducer 627, the transmission rack 626 is disposed on the first translation seat 624, the transmission rack 626 is meshed with the transmission gear 625, and the transmission rack 626 is disposed in parallel with the first translation slide rail 623, so that the driving precision of the second translation mechanism 63 and the plug column 64 is increased, and the plug column 64 can be opened after being stably inserted into the insertion hole 314.

In the embodiment, the second translating mechanism 63 includes a translating cylinder 631 and a second translating seat 632, the translating cylinder 631 is installed on the first translating mechanism 62, the second translating seat 632 is installed on the piston rod of the translating cylinder 631, and the inserting pillar 64 is installed on the second translating seat 632; that is, the present invention moves the inserting column 64 installed on the second translation seat 632 by pulling the second translation seat 632 to move through the translation cylinder 631, so as to achieve the effect of inserting into the inserting hole 314.

Specifically, the second translation mechanism 63 further includes at least two buffer members 633, where the at least two buffer members 633 are both disposed on the second translation seat 632 and located at the periphery of the translation cylinder 631; the first translation mechanism 62 is provided with at least two contact pieces 628, and the buffer members 633 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the contact pieces 628;

when the translation cylinder 631 drives the insert post 64 to be inserted into the insertion hole 314 of the oven door 3, the buffer member 633 moves along with the second translation seat 632, and the buffer member 633 mounted on the second translation seat 632 also moves along with the second translation seat 632; when the insertion column 64 is moved to just be completely inserted into the insertion hole 314, the buffer member 633 interferes with the interference member 628 to prevent the insertion column 64 from being inserted too deeply into the insertion hole 314 of the oven door 3, so that the safety of the oven door 3 and the insertion column 64 is ensured. Preferably, the cushion 633 is a gas spring, i.e. has a certain stroke for buffering, so that the plug 64 is slowly inserted into the insertion hole 314, and the collision between the plug 64 and the inner wall of the insertion hole 314 is avoided.

Further, the second translation mechanism 63 further includes a pulley 634, two sides of the door body 31 are respectively provided with an opening and closing door assembly for cooperating with the opening and closing mechanism, the opening and closing door assembly includes a guide plate 312 and an extension plate 313, two ends of the guide plate 312 are respectively connected with the door body 31 and the extension plate 313, the extension plate 313 and the guide plate 312 are arranged at an angle, the insertion hole 314 is arranged on the extension plate 313, and the pulley 634 is used for abutting against the guide plates 312 arranged on two sides of the oven door 3 and sliding on the guide plate 312.

The guide plate 312 is preferably disposed at an angle with respect to the door 31, and the extension plate 313 is disposed perpendicular to the door 31, so that the pulley 634 can slide along the guide plate 312 to drive the insertion hole 314 of the insertion post 64, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy of the insertion hole 314. In addition, the plug 64 is preferably tapered, that is, the thinner end of the plug 64 is first inserted into the insertion hole 314, and then the plug 64 is gradually inserted into the insertion hole 314 along with the sliding, so as to avoid the wear of the inner walls of the plug 64 and the insertion hole 314.

In this embodiment, the opening and closing assembly 6 further includes a sensing device 629, the sensing device 629 is disposed on the first translation mechanism 62, and the sensing device 629 is used to detect the oven door 3 to be opened so as to drive the lifting mechanism 5 to drive the opening and closing assembly 6 to lift to the position of the oven door 3.

In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 5 includes two lifting assemblies, each lifting assembly includes a lifting motor 51 and a lifting transmission mechanism 52, the lifting motor 51 is disposed on the frame body 4, and the lifting motor 51 is connected to the first translation mechanism 62 through the lifting transmission mechanism 52. Preferably, the lifting transmission mechanism 52 is a belt pulley transmission mechanism, and the lifting motor 51 is a servo motor, so that the lifting and transmission precision is ensured.

In the present embodiment, the front plate 32 is provided with a plurality of compensation grooves 321 at intervals; the back plate 34 comprises a back main body 341 and two connecting assemblies, the two connecting assemblies are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the back main body 341, the connecting assemblies comprise a plurality of oven door connecting plates 342 arranged side by side, the oven door connecting plates 342 are both connected with the door body 31, and a compensation gap 343 is arranged between each two adjacent oven door connecting plates 342;

when the oven door connecting plate 342 is used, the back plate 34 directly faces the heating cavity 11, so that the back plate is heated most, when the back plate 34 is heated and expanded, the back plate is slightly bent under the action of stress, so that the oven door connecting plate 342 is deformed, and at the moment, because the compensation gap 343 exists, the oven door connecting plate 342 cannot be broken or deformed due to internal extrusion, and only the compensation gap 343 is extruded, so that the compensation effect is achieved; meanwhile, although there is the heat insulating layer 33, the front plate 32 still heats up after being used for a long time, and at this time, due to the existence of the compensation groove 321, the volume change of the front plate 32 can be compensated, so that the front plate 32 is prevented from being bent or broken due to expansion and self-extrusion, and the front plate 32 is protected.

Specifically, the heat insulation layer 33 is made of asbestos, so that the cost is low and the heat insulation effect is good; the adiabatic layer 33 is provided with a plurality of compensation holes 331 for compensating for a volume change of the adiabatic layer 33 when heating up.

In this embodiment, the present invention further includes a plurality of oven door fixing assemblies 35, each oven door fixing assembly 35 includes an oven door screw 351 and an oven door nut 352, the oven door screw 351 sequentially passes through the back plate 34, the heat insulating layer 33 and the front plate 32 and then is screwed with the oven door nut 352, so that a worker can conveniently disassemble and assemble the front plate 32, the heat insulating layer 33 and the back plate 34 for maintenance and replacement, and meanwhile, a sufficient gap is left between the front plate 32 and the door body 31, so that heat is not directly transferred to the door body 31, and the temperature rise rate of the door body 31 is reduced.

Specifically, the oven door connecting plates 342 are connected with the door body 31 by spot welding, that is, each oven door connecting plate 342 is connected with the door body 31 relatively independently, so that the effect of offsetting the volume change by the compensation gap 343 can be realized.

In this embodiment, the door body 31 is provided with a plurality of windows 311 at intervals, and the top and the bottom of the door body 31 are respectively provided with a furnace connecting plate for connecting with the back plate 34. Because the door body 31 and the back plate 34 are connected by welding, the two inner front plates 32 and the heat insulation layer 33 cannot be detached frequently to observe the conditions, so that the door body 31 is provided with the window 311, a worker can observe the front plates 32 and the heat insulation layer 33 and can replace the front plates 32 and the heat insulation layer 33 in time when the nut is damaged, and the effect of quick maintenance is achieved.

In this embodiment, a heating mechanism 12 is respectively disposed in each heating cavity 11, the heating mechanism 12 includes an asbestos support member 13, a plurality of support rods 14, and at least two guide rods 15 for guiding the blank, the asbestos support member 13 is disposed at the bottom of the heating cavity 11, the plurality of support rods 14 are all mounted on the asbestos support member 13, the guide rods 15 are mounted at the top of the support rods 14, and heating wires 16 are disposed in the guide rods 15.

When the blank is placed into the heating cavity 11, the blank is contacted with the guide rod 15 before being driven by the material fork to move forward, so that the blank slides into the heating cavity 11 along the guide rod 15, the blank is supported by the guide rod 15, then the material fork exits from the heating cavity 11, the furnace door 3 is closed, the blank is heated to a sufficient temperature (930 ℃) under the action of the heating wire 16 in the guide rod 15, and then the furnace door 3 is opened by the opening and closing device 2, and the blank fork is taken out and transferred. In the present embodiment, the support rods 14 and the guide rods 15 are made of a heat-resistant material, preferably ceramic, and the furnace body 1 is made of heat-resistant steel, so that heat in the present invention is transferred to the outside with very low efficiency, power consumption is reduced, and a heating effect is ensured.

Specifically, each heating cavity 11 is internally provided with a thermocouple 17 for detecting and feeding back temperature, the bottom of the furnace body 1 is provided with a protection hole (not shown in the figure), the protection hole is communicated with the plurality of heating cavities 11, and the protection hole is communicated with an external protection gas injection device. The thermocouple 17 is used for signal connection with an external computer so as to feed back the temperature in each heating cavity 11; when the temperature in a certain heating cavity 11 is too high and exceeds a warning value, the protective gas (generally nitrogen) is sprayed into the heating cavity 11 by the protective gas spraying device, so that the effects of rapid cooling and flame retardance are achieved, and the safety is protected.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multilayer formula heating furnace, includes the furnace body, opens and shuts device and many furnace gates, the furnace body is provided with a plurality of heating chambers side by side, and many furnace gates set up its characterized in that with a plurality of heating chamber one-to-ones: the furnace door is characterized in that jacks are respectively arranged at two sides of the furnace door, the opening and closing device comprises a frame body, a lifting mechanism and an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the furnace door, the furnace body is positioned in the frame body, the opening and closing mechanism is movably arranged on the frame body, the lifting mechanism is used for driving the opening and closing mechanism to lift, the opening and closing mechanism comprises two opening and closing components, each opening and closing component comprises a base, a first translation mechanism, a second translation mechanism and an insertion column, the base is movably arranged on the lifting mechanism, the second translation mechanism is arranged on the first translation mechanism, the first translation mechanism is arranged on the base and used for driving the second translation mechanism to move back and forth, the insertion column is arranged at the output end of the second translation mechanism, the second translation mechanisms of the two opening and closing components are oppositely arranged, and the second translation mechanisms are used for driving the insertion columns to be inserted into the jacks of the furnace door from inside to outside; the furnace door comprises a door body, and the two sides of the door body are respectively provided with the insertion holes; the second translation mechanism comprises a translation cylinder and a second translation seat, the translation cylinder is arranged on the first translation mechanism, the second translation seat is arranged on a piston rod of the translation cylinder, and the inserting column is arranged on the second translation seat;

the second translation mechanism further comprises at least two buffer parts, and the at least two buffer parts are arranged on the second translation seat and positioned on the periphery of the translation cylinder; the first translation mechanism is provided with at least two contact pieces, and the buffer pieces are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the contact pieces;

2. The multi-layer heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the first translation mechanism comprises a translation motor, a translation transmission mechanism, a first translation sliding rail and a first translation seat, the translation motor and the first translation sliding rail are both arranged on the lifting mechanism, the first translation seat is arranged on the first translation sliding rail in a sliding mode, the translation motor is connected with the first translation seat through the translation transmission mechanism in a transmission mode, and the second translation mechanism is arranged on the first translation sliding rail.

3. A multi-layered heating furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: the translation transmission mechanism comprises a transmission gear, a transmission rack and a speed reducer, the translation motor is in transmission connection with the transmission gear through the speed reducer, the transmission rack is arranged on the first translation seat and meshed with the transmission gear, and the transmission rack is arranged in parallel with the first translation sliding rail.

4. A multi-layered heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second translation mechanism further comprises pulleys, guide plates are arranged on two sides of the furnace door respectively, and the pulleys are used for abutting against the guide plates arranged on two sides of the furnace door and sliding on the guide plates.

5. A multi-layered heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the furnace door also comprises a front plate, a heat insulation layer and a back plate, wherein the front plate is positioned at the back end of the door body, the heat insulation layer is arranged between the front plate and the back plate, the back plate is connected with the door body, and a plurality of compensation grooves are formed in the front plate at intervals; the back plate comprises a back main body and two connecting assemblies, the two connecting assemblies are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the back main body, each connecting assembly comprises a plurality of side-by-side arranged furnace door connecting plates, the furnace door connecting plates are connected with the door main body, and a compensation gap is arranged between every two adjacent furnace door connecting plates;

6. The multi-layer heating furnace according to claim 5, wherein: the both sides of the door body are provided with respectively and are used for opening and shutting the door subassembly with opening and shutting mechanism complex, and the door body and extension board are connected respectively to the both ends of deflector, and the extension board is angle setting with the deflector, and the jack sets up in the extension board.

7. The multi-layer heating furnace according to claim 5, wherein: the heat insulating layer is made of asbestos and is provided with a plurality of compensation holes.

8. A multi-layered heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: each heating cavity is internally provided with a heating mechanism respectively, each heating mechanism comprises an asbestos support piece, a plurality of support rods and at least two guide rods for guiding blanks, the asbestos support pieces are arranged at the bottom of the heating cavities, the support rods are arranged on the asbestos support pieces, the guide rods are arranged at the tops of the support rods, and heating wires are arranged in the guide rods;

the supporting rod and the guide rod are made of heat-resistant materials.

9. The multi-layer heating furnace according to claim 7, wherein: the furnace body is characterized in that each heating cavity is internally provided with a thermocouple for detecting and feeding back temperature, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a protection hole, the protection holes are communicated with the heating cavities respectively, and the protection holes are communicated with an external protective gas injection device.