CN111928428A - Control method of air conditioning system considering demand response and refrigeration system - Google Patents

Control method of air conditioning system considering demand response and refrigeration system Download PDF

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CN111928428A
CN111928428A CN202010790393.6A CN202010790393A CN111928428A CN 111928428 A CN111928428 A CN 111928428A CN 202010790393 A CN202010790393 A CN 202010790393A CN 111928428 A CN111928428 A CN 111928428A
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air
demand response
water tank
buffer
strategy
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CN111928428B (en
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孟庆龙
王文强
任效效
李洋
熊成燕
奚源
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Shaanxi Runxinyuan Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Changan University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/61—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using timers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

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Abstract

According to the control method of the air conditioning system considering the demand response and the refrigeration system, the buffer water tank is utilized to formulate a strategy of non-demand response daily operation and a strategy of demand response daily operation within the range of satisfying the acceptable thermal comfort of users in air conditioning rooms according to the energy storage characteristics of the buffer water tank, and when stable demand response auxiliary service is provided for a power grid, a demand response subsidy is obtained for the users of the air conditioners, so that the flexibility and the economical efficiency of the energy utilization of the air conditioning system are effectively improved. In addition, the running cost of the air conditioning system can be effectively saved by regulating and controlling the buffer water tank based on the peak-valley electricity price.

Description

Control method of air conditioning system considering demand response and refrigeration system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control technology of an air conditioning system of a power plant, in particular to a control method of the air conditioning system considering demand response and a refrigeration system.
Background
As a main source of urban power consumption, building power consumption is increasing, and this has become one of the important causes of unbalance of power supply and demand of power grid. Especially, the electricity consumption of the air conditioning system is increased due to the heating and cooling demands of the building in winter and summer, so that the electricity consumption peak of the power grid occurs in winter and summer. Because the heating and cooling demands are greatly influenced by outdoor temperature, the time period of the temperature control electricity load generated by the air conditioner at the peak value is usually short, the daily electricity peak time of the power grid in winter and summer is short, and the annual electricity peak time is low. If only the power supply side is used for adding power generation equipment, the investment is large, the number of generated electricity utilization hours is low, the operation efficiency of a power grid is poor, and the environment is polluted.
The demand response technology responds to the power demand of the power grid to realize peak shaving or valley filling by utilizing the power consumption resources on the regulation and control demand side at the peak power consumption or the valley power consumption, and provides an effective technical means for solving the contradiction between the supply and the demand of the power grid. As a high-quality demand response resource, the air conditioning system has great potential in participating in demand response projects.
The cold load of the air conditioning system can generate large fluctuation due to the change of outdoor air temperature. Since the air conditioning apparatus is selected according to the design cold/heat load, and the design cold/heat load is generally the cold/heat load that meets the maximum demand of the user. Therefore, the air conditioning system often faces the problem of large flow and small load during actual operation, and particularly, the air conditioning system with a fixed flow rate adopts start-stop control for an Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP), and the ASHP is frequently started and stopped during actual operation, so that the actual operation effect of the system is poor. In order to increase the stability of air conditioning systems, air conditioning systems on the market are increasingly equipped with water storage tanks. There are standards that specify the need for a surge tank for an air-source heat pump system. Under the conditions of large flow and small load, the buffer water tank can utilize the temperature difference in the water tank to play a role in stabilizing an air-conditioning water system. For the demand response of the air conditioning system, the demand response usually occurs in a time period with a large building cold/heat load, at the moment, the air conditioning system operates under a design load, the water temperature of an inlet and an outlet of a buffer water tank is equal to the water temperature of outlet water of a heat pump, and the buffer water tank becomes a pure active energy storage device, so that the energy utilization rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an energy utilization method for demand response of an air conditioning system.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a control method of an air conditioning system considering demand response comprises a demand response daily operation strategy and a non-demand response daily operation strategy;
the demand response daily operation strategy comprises the following steps:
step 01, forecasting the time-by-time cooling load of the building in the demand response time period by using a BP neural network;
step 02, determining multiple demand response daily operation strategies according to a construction hourly cooling load and an indoor air dynamic heat balance equation, calculating the variation of the indoor actual temperature corresponding to each strategy, and determining the time required for the indoor temperature to change to the preset temperature according to the variation of the indoor actual temperature;
step 03, determining each demand response time length and peak clipping load according to the time length required when the indoor temperature changes to the preset temperature, further selecting an optimal demand response strategy, and operating the strategy on a demand response day;
the demand response strategy is specifically as follows:
determining the energy storage time required by the energy storage of the buffer water tank according to the energy storage time equation of the buffer water tank, and storing the energy in the buffer water tank by adopting a refrigerating device in a non-air-conditioner use period;
when the tail end room starts to have air conditioning requirements, an air system is started to supply air to the room;
in the demand response period, firstly, the refrigerating device is closed, the buffer water tank is adopted to provide the cold quantity required by the AHU until the preset temperature is reached, and then the refrigerating device is adopted to provide the required cold quantity for the AHU;
the strategy for non-demand response daily operation comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the energy storage time of a buffer water tank and the energy release time of the buffer water tank under the condition that the indoor set temperature is not changed according to the operation parameters of an air conditioning system and by combining an energy storage time equation and an energy release time equation of the buffer water tank;
step 2, determining a non-demand response day operation strategy according to the energy storage duration and the energy release duration of the buffer water tank, and operating the strategy on the non-demand response day;
the non-demand response daily operation strategy is as follows:
in the non-air-conditioning use period, an air-conditioning refrigerating device is adopted to store energy in the buffer water tank;
starting an air conditioning air system to supply air to the room in the initial use period of the air conditioner;
and determining a time period before the air conditioning period is ended according to the energy releasing duration of the buffer water tank, and providing the required cold quantity for the AHU by using the buffer water tank in the time period until the energy releasing is ended.
Preferably, the building hourly cooling load, the outdoor meteorological parameters, the indoor personnel hot standby and the lighting load in the last period are collected in the step 01 and input into the BP neural network, and the BP neural network predicts the building hourly cooling load in the demand response period.
Preferably, the expression of the indoor air dynamic heat balance equation in step 02 is as follows:
Figure BDA0002623564700000031
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002623564700000032
the change of indoor air heat at a certain time;
∑Qi.out(t) is the heat exchange capacity of all the external enclosure structures, hot air infiltration and indoor air, W;
∑Qi.in(t) heat exchange between indoor personnel, lighting, equipment and furnishings and indoor air;
∑Qi.ACand (t) is the cooling capacity provided by the tail end of the variable air volume air conditioner to the indoor space.
Preferably, the method for selecting the optimal demand response strategy in step 03 is as follows:
and selecting a demand response daily operation strategy with the longest demand response time and the largest peak load clipping as an optimal demand response strategy.
Preferably, the specific strategy of the optimal demand response strategy in step 03 is as follows:
in the non-air-conditioning use period, operating an air-conditioning water system, closing an air-conditioning air system, and storing energy in a buffer water tank by adopting a refrigerating device;
in the initial use period of the air conditioner, an air system is started, at the moment, cold water circularly flows through a buffer water tank, and the buffer water tank is used as a buffer device to play a role in stabilizing the circulation of a water system;
and in the demand response period, the refrigerating device is closed, the buffer water tank provides the cold energy required by the AHU, the indoor temperature reaches the preset temperature, the refrigerating device is started after the response is finished, the buffer water tank is closed, and the refrigerating device is adopted to provide the required cold energy for the AHU.
Preferably, the expression of the energy storage duration equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002623564700000041
wherein, tSThe time required for energy storage of the energy storage tank is long, V is the volume of the energy storage tank, V is the volume flow of the chilled water during energy storage, and T0For an initial value of the temperature of the water in the energy storage tank during energy storage, T1Water temperature and end value, delta T, in the energy storage tank for energy storageASHPThe temperature difference of the water supply and the water return of the air source heat pump is obtained.
Preferably, the expression of the energy release duration equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002623564700000042
wherein, tRThe time of energy release of the energy storage tank, V is the volume of the energy storage tank, V is the volume flow of the chilled water during energy release, and Th.outFor the upper limit value, T, of the outlet temperature of the chilled water during energy releasel.outFor the lower limit value, Δ T, of the outlet temperature of the chilled water during energy releaseAHUThe temperature difference of the water supply and the water return of the cold water coil pipe in the combined air conditioning unit.
Preferably, the strategy is operated on the non-demand response day in step 2 specifically as follows:
in the non-air-conditioning use period, operating an air-conditioning water system, closing an air-conditioning air system, and adopting an air-conditioning refrigerating device;
starting an air system when the air conditioner is initially used, wherein cold water circularly flows through a buffer water tank, and the buffer water tank buffers the cold water circulation;
and the time period before the air-conditioning time period is ended is the energy release duration of the buffer water tank, the buffer water tank is adopted to provide the required cold quantity for the AHU in the time period until the energy release is ended, and the air-conditioning air system is closed.
The refrigeration system of the control method comprises a refrigeration device, a buffer water tank, a circulating water pump, a combined air conditioning unit and a variable air volume tail end;
refrigerating plant is connected with buffer tank, and buffer tank passes through the delivery pipe and is connected with combined air conditioning unit, and buffer tank passes through the wet return and is connected with circulating water pump, and combined air conditioning unit passes through tuber pipe and variable air volume end-to-end connection, the last a plurality of solenoid valves that set up of buffer tank, the solenoid valve is connected with the control unit for control buffer tank's operating condition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the energy utilization method for demand response of the air conditioning system, provided by the invention, in the range of satisfying the heat acceptance comfort of users in air conditioning rooms, a strategy of non-demand response daily operation and a strategy of demand response daily operation are formulated by using the buffer water tank according to the energy storage characteristics of the buffer water tank, and when a stable demand response auxiliary service is provided for a power grid, a demand response subsidy is obtained for the air conditioning users, so that the flexibility and the economical efficiency of the energy utilization of the air conditioning system are effectively improved. In addition, the running cost of the air conditioning system can be effectively saved by regulating and controlling the buffer water tank based on the peak-valley electricity price.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a change of water temperature of a system without a buffer tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a change in water temperature of the system with a buffer tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the water temperature change of the system under the demand response strategy of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an upper computer; 2. a control unit; 3. a refrigeration device; 4. a first solenoid valve; 5. a second solenoid valve; 6. a third electromagnetic valve; 7. a fourth solenoid valve; 8. a buffer water tank; 9. a water circulating pump; 10. a combined air conditioning unit; 11. a static pressure sensor; 12. a temperature sensor; 13. a wind speed sensor; 14. a variable air volume box; 15. room temperature and humidity sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the attached drawings, which are illustrative, but not limiting, of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a control method of an air conditioning system considering demand response includes a demand response daily operation strategy and a non-demand response daily operation strategy;
the demand response daily operation strategy comprises the following steps:
1) temperature load parameters in the previous period are obtained through a data acquisition and storage module, and the prediction parameters comprise a building hourly cooling load, outdoor meteorological parameters, indoor personnel hot standby and an illumination load.
2) Forecasting the time-by-time cooling load of the building in the demand response period according to the temperature load parameter and the BP neural network algorithm (external disturbance load sigma Q in the indoor air dynamic heat balance equation)i.out(t) and internal disturbance load ∑ Qi.inThe sum of (t).
3) Determining various daily operation strategies for demand response according to the time-by-time cold load of a building and an indoor air dynamic heat balance equation, calculating the variation of the indoor actual temperature corresponding to each strategy, ensuring that the indoor air temperature is within a heat comfort range acceptable by a user, determining the required time length when the indoor temperature is changed to the preset temperature according to the variation of the indoor actual temperature, and taking the required time length as the maximum time length for the air conditioning system to participate in the demand response.
4) And determining each demand response duration and peak clipping load according to the duration required when the indoor temperature changes to the preset temperature, selecting an optimal demand response strategy according to the maximum load clipping amount, reporting to a load aggregator or a demand response platform, uniformly scheduling by the load aggregator or the demand response platform, and operating the strategy on a demand response day.
And then selecting an optimal demand response strategy, and operating the strategy on a demand response day.
The demand response strategy is specifically as follows:
and in the non-air-conditioning use period, an air-conditioning refrigerating device is adopted to store energy in the buffer water tank.
And starting an air conditioning air system to supply air to the room in the initial use period of the air conditioner.
And in the demand response period, the air source heat pump is shut down, the buffer water tank is adopted to provide the cold quantity required by the AHU by regulating and controlling 4 electromagnetic valves attached to the buffer water tank until the preset temperature is reached, and then the refrigerating device is adopted to provide the required cold quantity for the AHU.
Indoor air dynamic heat balance equation:
Figure BDA0002623564700000071
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002623564700000072
-the change of the indoor air heat, W, at a time;
∑Qi.out(t) -the amount of heat exchange, W, of all the outer enclosure structures, hot air infiltration, and indoor air;
∑Qi.in(t) -the amount of heat exchange, W, of indoor personnel, lighting, equipment and furnishings with the indoor air;
∑Qi.AC(t) -the amount of cold (expressed by negative value) provided by the variable air volume air conditioner terminal to the indoor, W;
Qi.AC＝β·(α·Cp·m·|Th-Tg|-QOA)
in the formula: cpThe specific heat capacity of the chilled water is 4.18 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
m is mass flow of the chilled water, kg/s;
alpha-AHU inner surface cooler and air heat exchange coefficient;
Th-AHU outlet water temperature, ° c;
Tg-AHU inlet water temperature, ° c;
QOA-the cold load of the fresh air, W;
beta is the loss coefficient in the air supply process of the air pipe.
For example, when there is a demand response day, taking "peak clipping" demand response as an example, assume that office buildings are on duty for a period of 9:00-18:00 and demand response for a period of 14:00-16: 00.
Firstly, determining the energy storage time required by the energy storage of the buffer water tank by using an energy storage time equation, then determining the energy storage time period of the air conditioning system according to the energy storage time period, wherein the air source heat pump stores energy for the buffer water tank in the time period, and the air conditioning air system is in a closed state.
And when the indoor air temperature changes to the upper limit temperature of the heat comfortable temperature which can be received by a user, the electromagnetic valve is regulated, the buffer water tank is short-circuited, and the ASHP is started, and the outlet cold water of the ASHP is directly supplied to the AHU without passing through the buffer water tank. All air conditioners were turned off at 18: 00.
The strategy for non-demand response daily operation comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the energy storage time of a buffer water tank and the energy release time of the buffer water tank under the condition that the indoor set temperature is not changed according to the operation parameters of an air conditioning system and by combining an established energy storage time equation and an energy release time equation of the buffer water tank;
step 2, determining a non-demand response day operation strategy according to the energy storage duration and the energy release duration of the buffer water tank, and operating the strategy on the non-demand response day;
the non-demand response daily operation strategy is as follows:
in the non-air-conditioning use period, an air-conditioning refrigerating device is adopted to store energy in the buffer water tank;
starting an air conditioning air system to supply air to the room in the initial use period of the air conditioner;
and determining a time period before the air conditioning period is ended according to the energy releasing duration of the buffer water tank, and providing the required cold quantity for the AHU by using the buffer water tank in the time period until the energy releasing is ended.
The energy storage time calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002623564700000091
in the formula: t is tSThe time length required by the energy storage tank for storing energy is h;
v-volume of energy storage tank, m3；
v-volume flow of chilled water during energy storage, m3/h；
T0-the initial value of the water temperature in the energy storage tank at c during energy storage;
T1-the water temperature and the end value in the energy storage tank at the time of energy storage, respectively, are DEG C;
ΔTASHPthe temperature difference of supply water and return water of the air source heat pump is DEG C.
Energy release duration calculation formula:
Figure BDA0002623564700000092
in the formula: t is tR-the time of energy release of the energy storage tank, h;
v-volume of energy storage tank, m3；
v-volume flow of chilled water in energy release, m3/h；
Th.out-the upper limit value of the chilled water outlet temperature at energy release, DEG C;
Tl.outlower limit of chilled water outlet temperature at energy release
ΔTAHUThe temperature difference of supply and return water of the cold water coil pipe in the combined air conditioning unit is equal to DEG C;
a control system of an air conditioning system considering demand response comprises a refrigerating device 3, a buffer water tank 8, the refrigerating device 3, a circulating water pump 9, a combined air conditioning unit 10 and a variable air volume tail end 14
The refrigerating device 3 is connected with a buffer water tank 8, the buffer water tank 8 is connected with the combined air conditioning unit 10 through a water supply pipe, and then is connected with a circulating water pump through a return pipe, and finally, the chilled water flows back to the refrigerating device to form the whole circulation of a water system. The combined air conditioning unit 10 is connected with the variable air volume end 14 through an air duct to form the whole circulation of the air system.
The first electromagnetic valve 4, the second electromagnetic valve 5, the third electromagnetic valve 6 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 7 are respectively connected with the buffer water tank to control the working state of the buffer water tank.
The first electromagnetic valve 4, the second electromagnetic valve 5, the third electromagnetic valve 6, the fourth electromagnetic valve 7, the static pressure sensor 11, the temperature sensor 12, the wind speed sensor 13 and the room temperature and humidity sensor 15 are respectively connected with the control unit 2, and the control unit 2 is connected with the upper computer 1.
And the static pressure sensor 11 is used for acquiring static pressure parameters of an air supply section in the AHU.
The temperature sensor 12 is used for acquiring the air supply temperature parameter of the blower in the AHU.
The wind speed sensor 13 is used for acquiring the air supply speed parameter of the blower in the AHU.
The room temperature and humidity sensor 15 is used for collecting temperature and humidity parameters of a room and sending the temperature and humidity parameters to the control unit.
The upper computer 1 is an industrial control computer, the control unit is a Siemens PLC S7-200CPU and an EM235 expansion module, the air speed sensor 5 is a hot wire air speed sensor, and the tail end of the variable air volume is a Royal single-air-duct single-cooling pressure-independent variable air volume box which comprises a cross air volume sensor, an electric air valve, a controller and an actuator.
As shown in fig. 2, a control method of the control system of the air conditioning system considering the demand response as described above will be explained in detail.
The demand response daily operation strategy comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining specific parameters required by an indoor heat balance equation at the tail end of a building according to the actual operation condition of an air conditioning system.
And secondly, acquiring operation data of the air source heat pump, operation data of the circulating water pump, supply and return water temperature of chilled water, set temperature and actual temperature of the air-conditioning room and operation data of the fan in a period of time through each sensor, storing the parameters according to a time sequence, and setting data sampling intervals to be 10 minutes.
And thirdly, dividing actual operation data into three groups according to time periods, respectively training, checking and testing the neural network model to obtain a reliable load prediction model, and importing the day-ahead operation data and meteorological parameter data on the day of demand response into the load prediction model to obtain the building time-by-time cooling load of the demand response time period.
And fourthly, determining an adopted demand response strategy according to the demand response time period and the specific requirements sent by the power grid, predicting the demand response time length and the load reduction amount of the air conditioning system under the demand response strategy in the future by combining with an indoor heat balance equation at the tail end of the building, reporting to a load aggregator or a demand response platform, and uniformly scheduling by the load aggregator or the demand response platform.
And fifthly, changing an operation strategy of the air conditioning system before the start of demand response according to a response instruction sent by the power grid demand response platform or the load aggregator, and resetting an ACES + GTA demand response strategy by adopting the area temperature combined with active energy storage.
In the example, the demand response time period is 14:00-16:00, and the concrete implementation flow of the ACES + GTA demand response policy is as follows:
14:00, shutting down the ASHP, closing the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve, opening the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve, releasing energy by the buffer water tank to provide required cooling capacity for the AHU, collecting indoor temperature change conditions through the indoor temperature and humidity sensor, opening the second electromagnetic valve, closing the third electromagnetic valve and short-circuiting the buffer water tank when the indoor actual temperature exceeds the set temperature of 26 ℃, regulating the indoor temperature set value to 28 ℃ when chilled water does not pass through the buffer water tank, starting a switch of the ASHP, automatically operating the start-stop control ASHP system when the indoor actual temperature reaches 28 ℃, 16:00, resetting the room temperature set value to the original set temperature of 26 ℃, and completing the whole regulation.
The strategy for non-demand response daily operation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, determining specific parameters required in a calculation formula of energy storage time and energy release time of a buffer water tank according to the actual operation condition of the air conditioning system, estimating the time required by energy storage of the system by using an energy storage time formula, and estimating the energy release time of the buffer water tank when the room temperature setting is not changed by using an energy release time formula.
And step two, making and implementing an active energy storage conventional operation strategy.
In an example, the specific implementation process of the active energy storage conventional operation strategy is as follows: in the morning, 8:00, ASHP is opened, electromagnetic valves 2 and 4 are opened, electromagnetic valves 1 and 3 are closed, the direction of water flow in the buffer water tank is downward, upward and downward, 9:00 starts the whole air system, 9:00-17:00 buffer water tank is used as a buffer device, 17:00 ASHP is closed, electromagnetic valves 1 and 3 are opened, electromagnetic valves 2 and 4 are closed, and 17:00-18:00 buffer water tank is used as an energy release device.
When a strategy of non-demand response daily operation is implemented, a control system of the air conditioning system can realize detection and control of cold source side equipment, including control of starting and stopping of a refrigerating device (an air source heat pump, a refrigerator and the like), electromagnetic valve switching of a buffer water tank, a circulating water pump and the like, and monitoring of parameters such as ASHP and AHU water inlet and outlet temperatures, buffer water tank water inlet and outlet temperatures, chilled water flow and the like.
When the control system of the air conditioning system can realize automatic control of the whole system (a wind system and a water system), the demand response daily operation strategy is utilized, and the temperature resetting strategy of the air conditioning terminal area can be combined, so that a better demand response effect is achieved.
Specifically, in a demand response period, energy is released by the buffer water tank to provide required cooling capacity for the AHU, the indoor temperature and humidity sensor is used for collecting the change condition of indoor temperature, when the indoor actual temperature exceeds a set temperature, the electromagnetic valve attached to the buffer water tank is switched, the buffer water tank is short-circuited, so that chilled water does not pass through the buffer water tank, an indoor temperature set value is reset (set to be an upper limit temperature which can be accepted by a user), at the moment, an ASHP switch is started, when the indoor actual temperature reaches the set value, a start-stop control ASHP system can automatically run, after the demand response is finished, the room temperature set value is only needed to be reset to be the original set temperature, and the whole regulation and control is.
According to the energy storage characteristic of the buffer water tank, the method and the device have the advantages that in the range of heat comfort acceptable by users in air-conditioning rooms, a strategy of non-demand response daily operation and a strategy of demand response daily operation are formulated by using the buffer water tank, stable demand response auxiliary service is provided for a power grid, demand response subsidies are obtained for the air-conditioning users, and the flexibility and the economical efficiency of the energy utilization of an air-conditioning system are effectively improved. The strategy takes into account the role that the buffer water tank can play as an active energy storage device when the buffer water tank operates under the design load condition of the air conditioning system, so that the air conditioning system can effectively utilize the energy. In addition, the running cost of the air conditioning system can be effectively saved by regulating and controlling the buffer water tank based on the peak-valley electricity price.
On the basis of the existing air conditioning system with the buffer water tank, the control device acquires relevant data such as inlet and outlet water temperatures of the electromagnetic valve, the ASHP and the AHU, air supply volumes of the fan and the VAV-box, flow of a circulating water pump, indoor temperature and humidity through the control unit; the control unit passes through communication module and ethernet switch communication, and then is connected with the host computer, and the host computer opens through control ASHP and stops, the solenoid valve switches, frequency conversion fan frequency, realizes buffer tank's optimal control, and whole regulation and control process is automated control. The control strategy and the device thereof are not only suitable for the variable air volume air conditioning system driven by the air source heat pump, but also suitable for the cold machine driven full air system and the fan coil fresh air or other air conditioning systems provided with the buffer device, and have better applicability.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A control method of an air conditioning system considering demand response is characterized by comprising a demand response daily operation strategy and a non-demand response daily operation strategy;
the demand response daily operation strategy comprises the following steps:
step 01, forecasting the time-by-time cooling load of the building in the demand response time period by using a BP neural network;
step 02, determining multiple demand response daily operation strategies according to a construction hourly cooling load and an indoor air dynamic heat balance equation, calculating the variation of the indoor actual temperature corresponding to each strategy, and determining the time required for the indoor temperature to change to the preset temperature according to the variation of the indoor actual temperature;
step 03, determining each demand response time length and peak clipping load according to the time length required when the indoor temperature changes to the preset temperature, further selecting an optimal demand response strategy, and operating the strategy on a demand response day;
the demand response strategy is specifically as follows:
determining the energy storage time required by the energy storage of the buffer water tank according to the energy storage time equation of the buffer water tank, and storing the energy in the buffer water tank by adopting a refrigerating device in a non-air-conditioner use period;
when the tail end room starts to have air conditioning requirements, an air system is started to supply air to the room;
in the demand response period, firstly, the refrigerating device is closed, the buffer water tank is adopted to provide the cold quantity required by the AHU until the preset temperature is reached, and then the refrigerating device is adopted to provide the required cold quantity for the AHU;
the strategy for non-demand response daily operation comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the energy storage time of a buffer water tank and the energy release time of the buffer water tank under the condition that the indoor set temperature is not changed according to the operation parameters of an air conditioning system and by combining an energy storage time equation and an energy release time equation of the buffer water tank;
step 2, determining a non-demand response day operation strategy according to the energy storage duration and the energy release duration of the buffer water tank, and operating the strategy on the non-demand response day;
the non-demand response daily operation strategy is as follows:
in the non-air-conditioning use period, an air-conditioning refrigerating device is adopted to store energy in the buffer water tank;
starting an air conditioning air system to supply air to the room in the initial use period of the air conditioner;
and determining a time period before the air conditioning period is ended according to the energy releasing duration of the buffer water tank, and providing the required cold quantity for the AHU by using the buffer water tank in the time period until the energy releasing is ended.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building hourly cooling load, outdoor weather parameters, indoor personnel hot spare and lighting load input in the last period are collected in step 01 and input to the BP neural network, and the BP neural network predicts the building hourly cooling load in the period of demand response.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the expression of the indoor air dynamic heat balance equation in step 02 is as follows:
Figure FDA0002623564690000021
in the formula:
Figure FDA0002623564690000022
the change of indoor air heat at a certain time;
∑Qi.out(t) is the heat exchange capacity of all the external enclosure structures, hot air infiltration and indoor air, W;
∑Qi.in(t) heat exchange between indoor personnel, lighting, equipment and furnishings and indoor air;
∑Qi.ACand (t) is the cooling capacity provided by the tail end of the variable air volume air conditioner to the indoor space.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for selecting the optimal demand response strategy in step 03 comprises the following steps:
and selecting a demand response daily operation strategy with the longest demand response time and the largest peak load clipping as an optimal demand response strategy.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optimal strategy of the demand response strategy in step 03 is as follows:
in the non-air-conditioning use period, operating an air-conditioning water system, closing an air-conditioning air system, and storing energy in a buffer water tank by adopting a refrigerating device;
in the initial use period of the air conditioner, an air system is started, at the moment, cold water circularly flows through a buffer water tank, and the buffer water tank is used as a buffer device to play a role in stabilizing the circulation of a water system;
and in the demand response period, the refrigerating device is closed, the buffer water tank provides the cold energy required by the AHU, the indoor temperature reaches the preset temperature, the refrigerating device is started after the response is finished, the buffer water tank is closed, and the refrigerating device is adopted to provide the required cold energy for the AHU.
6. The control method of an air conditioning system considering demand response according to claim 1, wherein the expression of the energy storage duration equation is as follows:
Figure FDA0002623564690000031
wherein, tSThe time required for energy storage of the energy storage tank is long, V is the volume of the energy storage tank, V is the volume flow of the chilled water during energy storage, and T0For an initial value of the temperature of the water in the energy storage tank during energy storage, T1Water temperature and end value, delta T, in the energy storage tank for energy storageASHPThe temperature difference of the water supply and the water return of the air source heat pump is obtained.
7. The control method of an air conditioning system considering demand response according to claim 1, wherein the expression of the energy release duration equation is as follows:
Figure FDA0002623564690000032
wherein, tRThe time of energy release of the energy storage tank, V is the volume of the energy storage tank, V is the volume flow of the chilled water during energy release, and Th.outFor the upper limit value, T, of the outlet temperature of the chilled water during energy releasel.outFor the lower limit value, Δ T, of the outlet temperature of the chilled water during energy releaseAHUThe temperature difference of the water supply and the water return of the cold water coil pipe in the combined air conditioning unit.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the strategy is specifically operated on the day of non-demand response in step 2 as follows:
in the non-air-conditioning use period, operating an air-conditioning water system, closing an air-conditioning air system, and adopting an air-conditioning refrigerating device;
starting an air system when the air conditioner is initially used, wherein cold water circularly flows through a buffer water tank, and the buffer water tank buffers the cold water circulation;
and the time period before the air-conditioning time period is ended is the energy release duration of the buffer water tank, the buffer water tank is adopted to provide the required cold quantity for the AHU in the time period until the energy release is ended, and the air-conditioning air system is closed.
9. A refrigeration system using the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising a refrigeration device (3), a buffer water tank (8), a circulating water pump (9), a combined air conditioning unit (10), and a variable air volume terminal (14);
refrigerating plant (3) are connected with buffer tank (8), and buffer tank (8) are connected with combined type air conditioning unit (10) through the delivery pipe, and buffer tank (8) are connected with circulating water pump (9) through the wet return, and combined type air conditioning unit (10) are connected with variable air volume end (14) through the tuber pipe, the last a plurality of solenoid valves that set up of buffer tank, the solenoid valve is connected with the control unit for control buffer tank's operating condition.
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