CN111927695A - 一种波浪或潮汐发电装置 - Google Patents

一种波浪或潮汐发电装置 Download PDF

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CN111927695A
CN111927695A CN201910522228.XA CN201910522228A CN111927695A CN 111927695 A CN111927695 A CN 111927695A CN 201910522228 A CN201910522228 A CN 201910522228A CN 111927695 A CN111927695 A CN 111927695A
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古斯塔夫·威
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/262—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the relative movement between a tide-operated member and another member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1845—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
    • F03B13/1875—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem and the wom is the piston or the cylinder in a pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/266—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy to compress air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种海上发电组件，包括浮体(5)，位于浮体(5)下方连接海床的基座(1)和设置在所述浮体(5)上的若干气缸(12)，气缸(12)具有活塞(8)和连接活塞(8)的活塞杆(7)，活塞分隔气缸(12)内的上气室和下气室，活塞杆(7)可活动地连接到基座(1)，使得当浮体(5)相对于基座(1)移动时，空气在所述气缸(12)内被压缩，所述气缸(12)与浮体集成为一体和所述气缸(12)是浮体(5)内的腔室(9)的下部，通过隔板(10)隔开的腔室(9)的上部10形成用于存储压缩空气的压缩空气室(11)。

Description

一种波浪或潮汐发电装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种潮汐发电装置。
背景技术
本发明与同一发明人的WO 2017/119816密切相关，并且其通过在此引用作为参考。
上述专利公开涉及一种潮汐发电装置，其包括：浮动单元；设置在所述浮动单元上的至少一个发电机，连接到所述浮动单元下方的海床的底座和具有上部流体室和下部流体室的多个双作用气缸。所述气缸连接在所述浮动单元和所述底座之间，使得当潮汐使浮动单元向上移动时，流体在气缸筒的上腔室内被压缩；和当潮汐使浮动单元向下移动时，流体在缸筒的下腔室内被压缩。底座是在其上侧具有柔性圆柱接头的板。若干气缸串联连接在所述板与浮动单元之间。压缩流体是空气，和压缩空气被传递到空气储存器，空气储存器又向至少一个发电机提供电力。
来自US 7075190中公开了一种海上发电组件，包括浮动单元，至少一个发电机，连接到所述浮动单元下方的海床的底座和包括一对圆柱轴的多个气缸，所述气缸连接到浮动单元和底座，使得在潮汐变化期间，流体被气缸压缩，压缩流体向至少一个发电机提供动力。
其他现有技术文献为US 2008/0197632，WO 98/20254，WO 2009/049269和WO2005/069824。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种高效的波浪或潮汐发电装置，其能够不间断地产生电力，并且耐用、能够承受恶劣的天气条件。
这通过所附的权利要求中记载的特征来实现。
附图说明
图1是本发明的发电装置的一个优选实施例的三维立体视图；
图2是本发明的发电装置的横截面剖视图；和
图3是一个腔室和活塞组件的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1是根据本发明的发电装置，且图2显示了该装置的横截面。该装置包括：基部1，基部1具有连续的底部2和从底部延伸的竖直侧壁3。侧壁3围绕基部1的整个周边延伸，但它们具有开口4，以使水自由地流入和流出基部。
基部1向上敞开。通过基部1的开口顶部接收浮体5。浮体5与基部1的内部具有窄配合，而且能够在基部1内容易地上下滑动。
浮体5具有延伸的顶板6，在其上设置有发电机组，直升机甲板，收纳设施等。
多个活塞杆7安装在位于基部1内的底部2上。活塞杆的连接可以是灵活的，例如通过通用连杆(未示出)，以适应浮体5相对于基部1的直线上下运动的任何偏差。
活塞杆7联接到相应的活塞8，活塞8容纳在浮体5中的多个腔室9中的一个腔室中。腔室9可以是圆形，方形或其他横截面沿其长度具有均匀的尺寸和形状。腔室9优选为浮体5中的盲孔。
腔室被隔板10分成上部11和下部12，上部11用作气压室，下部12用作气缸。通过端盖13，气缸在底部被封闭。活塞杆7延伸穿过端盖13中的开口。端盖13和活塞杆7之间的密封件确保气密封闭。
活塞8可在气缸12内移动。单向阀(未示出)在隔板10中，其确保由活塞8压缩的空气在其在气缸12中向上移动时被传递到气压室11。当活塞8在气缸12内向下移动时，气缸12下部的空气被迫通过通道(未示出)和单向阀(未示出)进入气压室11中。单向阀确保空气不能从空气压力室11中溢出。
来自空气活塞12的排出空气由通过未示出的通道从环境吸入的空气代替，所述通道也具有单向阀。
空气压力室中的空气用于为浮体5上的发电机供电。在空气压力室的顶端是与发电机连接的出口，使得从空气压力室11流出的加压空气用于旋转发电机，并将空气能量转换为电能。
基部1相对于海床保持静止，优选地通过将基部直接放置在海床上。或者，基部可以是浮动的，但是将基部系在海床上。在优选实施例中，基部由混凝土制成，也可以由钢制成。
浮体5也可以由混凝土或钢制成。由于气室11和气缸12，浮体5将具有足够的浮力以浮动并跟随波浪运动。如果需要额外的浮力，则可以在浮体5中形成额外的腔室。
当波浪或潮汐通过发电装置时，浮体将随波浪一起上下移动。因此，活塞8将在气缸12内移动并对空气加压，如上所述。
在替代实施例中，一些腔室9可以没有活塞8和隔板10并且具有敞开的底端，因此用作空气阱。在顶部，这些腔室9具有可以向大气开放的阀门，以便当浮体5位于波峰顶部时让空气进入腔室。
具有活塞8的腔室包括气缸12，该气缸12可以用于通过将气体截留在气缸12内而将浮体5保持在升高的位置，当浮体5位于波峰的顶部或靠近顶部时，通过在气缸12内捕获空气来产生波峰。在保持该位置的同时，例如，没有活塞的腔室9，空气阱的阀门打开，以使空气进入空气阱。浮体5保持在升高位置，直到空气阱达到大气压，然后阀门关闭。
然后释放气缸12以将压缩空气传送到空气压力室11。同时，进入空气阱的下端的水将压缩空气阱中的空气。当浮体下沉时，该空气将逐渐传递到发电机，或者可选地传递到分开的压力罐，并用于驱动发电机。
除了将压缩空气存储在压缩空气室11中之外，空气还可以被传递到浮体5的甲板6上的大压力容器中。
如果距离不是太大，则空气也可以通过柔性空气管传递到陆上的压力容器。在那种情况下，发电机也可以在陆上移动。
整个发电装置可以被拖曳到安装地点。在这种情况下，当浮体5相对于基部1处于其最低位置时，基部1可以锁定到浮体5。腔室9将充满空气并用作浮力室。可以通过浮体或基部中的附加腔室提供额外的浮力。另外，可以将单独的浮力元件连接到发电装置上。
当发电装置到达安装地点时，通过从浮体5向下缓慢地延伸活塞杆7直至基部到达海床，基部1将会降低。
几个发电装置可以安装在同一区域中并通过空气管和/或电缆互连。
浮体5的甲板6也可以用于其他目的，特别是，如果压缩空气在陆上运输，则甲板6上不需要发电机或空气容器。在这种情况下，浮体的甲板可以用作船舶的船坞，工厂或房屋或娱乐区域的建筑工地，这开辟了将发电机置于沿海城市附近或内部的可能性。

Claims (9)

1.一种海上发电组件，包括浮体(5)，位于浮体(5)下方连接海床的基座(1)和设置在所述浮体(5)上的若干气缸(12)，气缸(12)具有活塞(8)和连接活塞(8)的活塞杆(7)，活塞分隔气缸(12)内的上气室和下气室，活塞杆(7)可活动地连接到基座(1)，使得当浮体(5)相对于基座(1)移动时，空气在所述气缸(12)内被压缩，其特征在于，所述气缸(12)与浮体集成为一体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的海上发电组件，其特征在于，所述气缸(12)是所述浮体(5)内的腔室(9)的下部，腔室(9)的上部形成用于存储压缩空气的压缩空气室(11)，隔板将压缩空气室(9)与气缸(12)分开。
3.根据权利要求2所述的海上发电组件，其特征在于，所述腔室为形成于浮体(5)中的盲孔，所述隔板(10)是插入并固定在所述盲孔内的单独部件，所述盲孔在其开口端由一个端盖(13)封闭，该端盖具有用于穿过所述活塞杆(7)的通孔。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的海上发电组件，其特征在于，所述基部具有延伸的底部(2)，所述底部具有围绕底部(2)的周边延伸的直立侧壁(3)，所述直立侧壁(3)具有开口(4)以允许水流过直立侧壁(3)内的基部(1)的内部。
5.根据权利要求4所述的海上发电组件，其特征在于，所述浮体(5)以窄配合方式容纳在所述壁(3)内。
6.根据权利要求5所述的海上发电组件，其特征在于，所述浮体(5)在其顶部具有延伸的顶板(6)。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的海上发电组件，其特征在于，当浮体位于波峰的顶部或靠近波峰的顶部时，一些腔室(9)是空气阱，其具有敞开的下端和位于腔室顶部的阀门，以使空气从外界环境进入空气阱中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的海上发电组件，其特征在于，当所述浮体(5)处于或靠近波浪顶部时，所述气缸(12)适于将浮体(5)保持在升高位置，以提供足够的时间填补空气阱。
9.根据权利要求8所述的海上发电组件，其特征在于，当所述空气阱已经充满空气时，所述阀门关闭，从而使被水压缩的空气进入空气阱的开口底部。
CN201910522228.XA 2019-05-13 2019-06-17 一种波浪或潮汐发电装置 Pending CN111927695A (zh)

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US8963352B2 (en) * 2009-06-09 2015-02-24 James W. Healy Wave energy electrical power generation
WO2015099538A1 (en) * 2013-11-12 2015-07-02 Vivid As A multi-step gas compressor system
NO20160036A1 (en) * 2016-01-08 2016-11-07 Norway Tide Power As Tidal powerplant

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