CN111926353A - Efficient and environment-friendly aluminum alloy nickel plating process - Google Patents
Efficient and environment-friendly aluminum alloy nickel plating process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111926353A CN111926353A CN202010826940.1A CN202010826940A CN111926353A CN 111926353 A CN111926353 A CN 111926353A CN 202010826940 A CN202010826940 A CN 202010826940A CN 111926353 A CN111926353 A CN 111926353A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/42—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of light metals
- C25D5/44—Aluminium
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient and environment-friendly aluminum alloy nickel plating process, which comprises the following steps: firstly, removing impurities; step two, soaking; step three, zinc dipping; step four, washing; step five, electroplating; according to the process, after impurities are removed from the surface of the workpiece by hydrofluoric acid, the workpiece can be directly electroplated after being soaked and washed by using the zinc dipping solution, the traditional treatment process for performing secondary zinc dipping on the workpiece is changed, so that the treatment steps on the workpiece are reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, in the process of treating the workpiece, the workpiece is washed by using cool boiled water, so that the contact rate of the surface of the workpiece and oxygen ions is reduced, and further, the probability of forming an oxidation film on the surface of the workpiece is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nickel plating processes, in particular to an efficient and environment-friendly aluminum alloy nickel plating process.
Background
Aluminum alloys are the most widely used class of non-ferrous structural materials in industry. Have found numerous applications in the aerospace, automotive, machinery, marine and chemical industries. The rapid development of industrial economy has increased the demand for aluminum alloy welded structural members, and the research on the weldability of aluminum alloys is also deepened. At present, the aluminum alloy is the most applied alloy, wherein the nickel plating treatment is usually carried out on the aluminum alloy in the process of using the aluminum alloy, the traditional nickel plating treatment is usually secondary zinc dipping treatment and then chemical nickel plating, the method has complicated steps and low efficiency in the nickel plating process, the surface of a workpiece is washed by deionized water after the zinc dipping treatment so as to achieve no impurity residue on the surface of the workpiece, meanwhile, the workpiece is continuously etched and washed in the nickel plating process so as to remove an oxide film formed on the surface of the workpiece, but the washing process is usually carried out by using clear water, but because the oxygen ion content in the clear water is high, the oxide film is easily formed on the surface of the workpiece after the oxide film is removed again, the bonding force of a nickel layer is reduced, secondary nickel plating treatment is carried out on defective products, the nickel plating is wasted, and a large amount of chemical reagents are also needed to be used for subsequently removing the residual nickel layer on the workpiece, thereby polluting the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient and environment-friendly nickel plating process for aluminum alloy, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an efficient and environment-friendly aluminum alloy nickel plating process comprises the following steps: firstly, removing impurities; step two, soaking; step three, zinc dipping; step four, washing; step five, electroplating;
placing the workpiece in soap water for brushing, then placing the brushed workpiece in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, placing the workpiece in 70-80 ℃ degreasing liquid for soaking after cleaning, cleaning the workpiece by using 70-80 ℃ warm water after soaking, and then washing the workpiece by using clean water until no degreasing liquid exists on the surface of the workpiece;
in the second step, the workpiece cleaned in the first step is placed in hydrofluoric acid to be soaked for 30-120s for cleaning impurities;
in the third step, the workpiece is placed in a zinc dipping solution for soaking treatment, and the zinc dipping solution is formed by mixing and stirring 480-500 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, 90-100 parts by weight of zinc oxide, 1-2 parts by weight of ferric chloride, 9-10 parts by weight of potassium sodium tartrate and 950-1000 parts by weight of cold boiled water;
in the fourth step, the zinc removing liquid is used for removing the residual oxide film and other impurities on the surface of the workpiece, the zinc removing liquid is formed by mixing cold boiled water and nitric acid according to a ratio of 1:1, and after the zinc removing is finished, the workpiece is placed in a washing tank and washed for 3-5min by the cold boiled water;
in the fifth step, the workpiece washed in the fourth step is immediately and completely placed in the electroplating solution for electroplating treatment and then dried and dried, and the electroplating solution is prepared by mixing, by weight, 200-210 parts of nickel sulfate, 33-35 parts of ammonium sulfate, 45-50 parts of ammonium chloride, 135-140 parts of sodium citrate, 28-30 parts of sodium gluconate, 980 parts of boiled water and 20-22 parts of ammonia water.
According to the technical scheme, in the step one, the soapy water is prepared by dissolving and stirring 1-2 parts by weight of soap, 1-2 parts by weight of liquid detergent and 20-25 parts by weight of clear water respectively.
According to the technical scheme, in the step one, the soaking time is 20-30 min.
According to the technical scheme, in the first step, the oil removing liquid is formed by mixing 30-32 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 8-10 parts by weight of OP-10, 20-22 parts by weight of sodium carbonate and 1000 parts by weight of clear water.
According to the technical scheme, in the second step, the mass part of the solute in the hydrofluoric acid is 40%.
According to the technical scheme, in the third step, the soaking time is 20-30 s.
According to the technical scheme, in the fifth step, the pH value of the electroplating solution is 6-7, the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the current density in the electroplating process is 2-3A/dm2。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the efficient and environment-friendly aluminum alloy nickel plating process, after the surface of a workpiece is subjected to impurity removal by hydrofluoric acid and then is soaked and washed by using a zinc dipping solution, the workpiece can be directly electroplated, the traditional treatment process for performing secondary zinc dipping on the workpiece is changed, the treatment steps on the workpiece are reduced, the working efficiency is improved, meanwhile, in the process of treating the workpiece, a large amount of cold boiled water is used for washing the workpiece, the contact rate of the surface of the workpiece and oxygen ions is reduced, the probability of forming an oxide film on the surface of the workpiece is reduced, the surface of the process for plating the workpiece with nickel is protected, the binding force of a nickel layer is reduced due to the existence of the oxide film on the surface of the workpiece, and the steps of removing the nickel layer and performing secondary nickel plating on defective products by using a chemical reagent are avoided, so that the environment is protected.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
example (b):
an efficient and environment-friendly aluminum alloy nickel plating process comprises the following steps: firstly, removing impurities; step two, soaking; step three, zinc dipping; step four, washing; step five, electroplating;
the workpiece is placed in soapy water for scrubbing, the soapy water is formed by dissolving and stirring 2 parts by weight of soap, 1 part by weight of detergent and 23 parts by weight of clear water, then the brushed workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, after cleaning is finished, the workpiece is placed in degreasing liquid at 70-80 ℃ for soaking for 20-30min, after soaking is finished, the workpiece is cleaned by warm water at 70-80 ℃, then the workpiece is washed by clear water until no degreasing liquid exists on the surface of the workpiece, and the degreasing liquid is formed by mixing 30 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 8 parts by weight of OP-10, 20 parts by weight of sodium carbonate and 950 parts by weight of clear water;
in the second step, the workpiece cleaned in the first step is placed in hydrofluoric acid to be soaked for 30-120s to clean impurities, and the mass part of solute in the hydrofluoric acid is 40%;
in the third step, the workpiece is placed in a zinc dipping solution for dipping treatment, the zinc dipping solution is prepared by mixing and stirring 480 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, 90 parts by weight of zinc oxide, 1 part by weight of ferric chloride, 9 parts by weight of potassium sodium tartrate and 950 parts by weight of cold boiled water, and the dipping time is 20-30 s;
in the fourth step, the zinc removing liquid is used for removing the residual oxide film and other impurities on the surface of the workpiece, the zinc removing liquid is formed by mixing cold boiled water and nitric acid according to a ratio of 1:1, and after the zinc removing is finished, the workpiece is placed in a washing tank and washed for 3-5min by the cold boiled water;
in the fifth step, the workpiece washed in the fourth step is immediately and completely placed in electroplating solution for electroplating treatment and then dried and dried, wherein the electroplating solution is prepared by mixing 200 parts by weight of nickel sulfate, 33 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 45 parts by weight of ammonium chloride, 135 parts by weight of sodium citrate, 28 parts by weight of sodium gluconate, 980 parts by weight of cold boiled water and 20 parts by weight of ammonia water, the pH value of the electroplating solution is 6-7, the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the current density in the electroplating process is 2-3A/dm2。
Example 2:
an efficient and environment-friendly aluminum alloy nickel plating process comprises the following steps: firstly, removing impurities; step two, soaking; step three, zinc dipping; step four, washing; step five, electroplating;
the workpiece is placed in soapy water for scrubbing, the soapy water is formed by dissolving and stirring 1 part by weight of soap, 1 part by weight of detergent and 23 parts by weight of clear water, then the brushed workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, after cleaning is finished, the workpiece is placed in degreasing liquid at 70-80 ℃ for soaking for 20-30min, after soaking is finished, the workpiece is cleaned by warm water at 70-80 ℃, then the workpiece is washed by clear water until no degreasing liquid exists on the surface of the workpiece, and the degreasing liquid is formed by mixing 31 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 9 parts by weight of OP-10, 21 parts by weight of sodium carbonate and 980 parts by weight of clear water;
in the second step, the workpiece cleaned in the first step is placed in hydrofluoric acid to be soaked for 30-120s to clean impurities, and the mass part of solute in the hydrofluoric acid is 40%;
in the third step, the workpiece is placed in a zinc dipping solution for dipping treatment, the zinc dipping solution is prepared by mixing and stirring 490 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, 95 parts by weight of zinc oxide, 1 part by weight of ferric chloride, 10 parts by weight of potassium sodium tartrate and 980 parts by weight of cold boiled water, and the dipping time is 20-30 s;
in the fourth step, the zinc removing liquid is used for removing the residual oxide film and other impurities on the surface of the workpiece, the zinc removing liquid is formed by mixing cold boiled water and nitric acid according to a ratio of 1:1, and after the zinc removing is finished, the workpiece is placed in a washing tank and washed for 3-5min by the cold boiled water;
in the fifth step, the workpiece washed in the fourth step is immediately and completely placed in electroplating solution for electroplating treatment and then dried and dried, wherein the electroplating solution is prepared by mixing 205 parts by weight of nickel sulfate, 34 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 47 parts by weight of ammonium chloride, 138 parts by weight of sodium citrate, 29 parts by weight of sodium gluconate, 990 parts by weight of cold boiled water and 21 parts by weight of ammonia water, the pH value of the electroplating solution is 6-7, the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the current density in the electroplating process is 2-3A/dm2。
Example 3:
an efficient and environment-friendly aluminum alloy nickel plating process comprises the following steps: firstly, removing impurities; step two, soaking; step three, zinc dipping; step four, washing; step five, electroplating;
the workpiece is placed in soapy water for scrubbing, the soapy water is formed by dissolving and stirring 2 parts by weight of soap, 2 parts by weight of detergent and 25 parts by weight of clear water, then the workpiece after being brushed is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, after the cleaning is finished, the workpiece is placed in degreasing liquid at 70-80 ℃ for soaking for 20-30min, after the soaking is finished, the workpiece is cleaned by warm water at 70-80 ℃, then the workpiece is washed by clear water until no degreasing liquid exists on the surface of the workpiece, and the degreasing liquid is formed by mixing 32 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 10 parts by weight of OP-10, 22 parts by weight of sodium carbonate and 1000 parts by weight of clear water;
in the second step, the workpiece cleaned in the first step is placed in hydrofluoric acid to be soaked for 30-120s to clean impurities, and the mass part of solute in the hydrofluoric acid is 40%;
in the third step, the workpiece is placed in a zinc dipping solution for dipping treatment, the zinc dipping solution is prepared by mixing and stirring 500 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, 100 parts by weight of zinc oxide, 2 parts by weight of ferric chloride, 10 parts by weight of potassium sodium tartrate and 1000 parts by weight of cold boiled water, and the dipping time is 20-30 s;
in the fourth step, the zinc removing liquid is used for removing the residual oxide film and other impurities on the surface of the workpiece, the zinc removing liquid is formed by mixing cold boiled water and nitric acid according to a ratio of 1:1, and after the zinc removing is finished, the workpiece is placed in a washing tank and washed for 3-5min by the cold boiled water;
in the fifth step, the workpiece washed in the fourth step is immediately and completely placed in electroplating solution for electroplating treatment and then dried and dried, wherein the electroplating solution is prepared by mixing 210 parts by weight of nickel sulfate, 35 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 50 parts by weight of ammonium chloride, 140 parts by weight of sodium citrate, 30 parts by weight of sodium gluconate, 1000 parts by weight of cold boiled water and 22 parts by weight of ammonia water, the pH value of the electroplating solution is 6-7, the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the current density in the electroplating process is 2-3A/dm2。
The nickel-plated aluminum alloy obtained in the above embodiment and the nickel-plated aluminum alloy obtained by the conventional nickel plating process are respectively detected, and the average data obtained are as follows:
based on the above, the method has the advantages that in the process of frequently processing the workpiece, after impurity removal by hydrofluoric acid, the workpiece can be directly nickel-plated after being soaked and washed by the zinc dipping solution, the traditional processing step of performing secondary zinc dipping on the workpiece is changed, so that the process of nickel plating on the workpiece is simplified, the working efficiency is improved, and in addition, the workpiece is washed by cold boiled water when being washed, the contact rate of the workpiece and oxygen ions is reduced, so that the phenomenon that an oxide film formed on the surface of the workpiece is not beneficial to the nickel plating processing in the later period is avoided, the quality of the nickel-plated workpiece is improved, the defective product of the nickel-plated workpiece is reduced, the phenomenon that the nickel layer processing is performed on the defective product workpiece by using a chemical reagent is avoided, and the environment is protected.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An efficient and environment-friendly aluminum alloy nickel plating process comprises the following steps: firstly, removing impurities; step two, soaking; step three, zinc dipping; step four, washing; step five, electroplating; the method is characterized in that:
placing the workpiece in soap water for brushing, then placing the brushed workpiece in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, placing the workpiece in 70-80 ℃ degreasing liquid for soaking after cleaning, cleaning the workpiece by using 70-80 ℃ warm water after soaking, and then washing the workpiece by using clean water until no degreasing liquid exists on the surface of the workpiece;
in the second step, the workpiece cleaned in the first step is placed in hydrofluoric acid to be soaked for 30-120s for cleaning impurities;
in the third step, the workpiece is placed in a zinc dipping solution for soaking treatment, and the zinc dipping solution is formed by mixing and stirring 480-500 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, 90-100 parts by weight of zinc oxide, 1-2 parts by weight of ferric chloride, 9-10 parts by weight of potassium sodium tartrate and 950-1000 parts by weight of cold boiled water;
in the fourth step, the zinc removing liquid is used for removing the residual oxide film and other impurities on the surface of the workpiece, the zinc removing liquid is formed by mixing cold boiled water and nitric acid according to a ratio of 1:1, and after the zinc removing is finished, the workpiece is placed in a washing tank and washed for 3-5min by the cold boiled water;
in the fifth step, the workpiece washed in the fourth step is immediately and completely placed in the electroplating solution for electroplating treatment and then dried and dried, and the electroplating solution is prepared by mixing, by weight, 200-210 parts of nickel sulfate, 33-35 parts of ammonium sulfate, 45-50 parts of ammonium chloride, 135-140 parts of sodium citrate, 28-30 parts of sodium gluconate, 980 parts of boiled water and 20-22 parts of ammonia water.
2. An efficient and environment-friendly nickel plating process for aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the soapy water is prepared by dissolving and stirring 1-2 parts by weight of soap, 1-2 parts by weight of detergent and 20-25 parts by weight of clear water respectively.
3. An efficient and environment-friendly nickel plating process for aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the soaking time is 20-30 min.
4. An efficient and environment-friendly nickel plating process for aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the degreasing liquid is prepared by mixing 30-32 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 8-10 parts by weight of OP-10, 20-22 parts by weight of sodium carbonate and 1000 parts by weight of clear water.
5. An efficient and environment-friendly nickel plating process for aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the mass part of solute in the hydrofluoric acid is 40%.
6. An efficient and environment-friendly nickel plating process for aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the soaking time is 20-30 s.
7. An efficient and environment-friendly nickel plating process for aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the pH value of the electroplating solution is 6-7, the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the current density in the electroplating process is 2-3A/dm2。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113089042A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-09 | 沈阳富创精密设备股份有限公司 | Aluminum alloy secondary nickel plating-free treatment environment-friendly process |
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Application publication date: 20201113 |