CN111924989B - Device for recovering oil substances in petroleum and coal chemical industry wastewater and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Device for recovering oil substances in petroleum and coal chemical industry wastewater and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111924989B CN111924989B CN202010802462.0A CN202010802462A CN111924989B CN 111924989 B CN111924989 B CN 111924989B CN 202010802462 A CN202010802462 A CN 202010802462A CN 111924989 B CN111924989 B CN 111924989B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
- C02F2103/365—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds from petrochemical industry (e.g. refineries)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for recovering oil substances in petroleum and coal chemical industry wastewater and an operation method thereof, wherein the device comprises the following components: a rectifying filter plate group, a reversed V-shaped coalescence plate group, an inclined tube settling plate group and an oil spilling partition plate are sequentially arranged in the first water storage tank body along the flowing direction of the wastewater; the oil collecting area is formed between the inclined tube settling plate group and the oil spilling partition plate, and the oil spilling partition plate and the side wall of the box body on the other side form the oil collecting area; the bottom of the water collecting area is provided with a first water draining port; the second water storage tank body is provided with a water collecting tank and a water distribution tank; a triangular overflow weir is arranged on the side wall of the water distribution tank; and a composite nano-foam component is obliquely laid between the triangular overflow weir and the water collecting tank from top to bottom. The invention realizes the recovery of floating oil and dispersed oil by coalescence and static sedimentation technology, and realizes the separation of emulsified oil and water body by a nano membrane component system; the whole device has simple structure and high treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil substance recovery in petroleum and coal chemical industry wastewater, and particularly relates to a device for recovering oil substances in petroleum and coal chemical industry wastewater and an operation method thereof.
Background
In each process of oil field exploitation, oil production, and coal conversion and chemical processing, a large amount of oily wastewater is generated, and the oil content is high. The oil extraction wastewater usually contains 1000-2000 mg/L of petroleum, and some petroleum can even reach 5000mg/L; wherein, oil substances are typical representatives, the tar content in the coal gas wastewater is 8000-10000 mg/L, and the oil-containing mass concentration of the organic wastewater formed in the coal pyrolysis process can usually reach 2000-3000 mg/L.
The oil substances have high utilization value, and if the oil substances are not recycled, serious waste of resources is caused; in addition, the oil substances bring great difficulty to the treatment of industrial wastewater, and influence the treatment efficiency of the wastewater. In particular, in the treatment of coal chemical industry wastewater, high-concentration oil substances can cause the blockage of distillation and heat exchange equipment in a phenol ammonia recovery system.
At present, methods for recovering oil substances in wastewater mostly focus on an air floatation static sedimentation method and a chemical demulsification method. The air flotation static sedimentation method can efficiently recover the floating oil and the dispersed oil, but has low removal efficiency of the emulsified oil; the chemical demulsification method can realize the high-efficiency removal of emulsified oil, but needs to consume a large amount of demulsifiers, so that the demulsification cost is increased, and the addition of the demulsifiers can cause secondary pollution to a water body.
In summary, a new device for recovering oil substances in petroleum and coal chemical wastewater and an operation method thereof are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to an apparatus for recovering oil from waste water of petroleum and coal chemical industry and an operating method thereof, which are used to solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems. The invention realizes the recovery of floating oil and dispersed oil by coalescence and static sedimentation technology, and realizes the separation of emulsified oil and water body by a nano membrane component system; the whole device has simple structure and high treatment efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a device for recovering oil substances in petroleum and coal chemical industry wastewater, which comprises: a first recovery system and a second recovery system; wherein the first recovery system is used for recovering floating oil and dispersed oil; the second recovery system is used for recovering emulsified oil;
the first recycling system includes: a first water storage tank body; the first water storage tank body is provided with a water inlet pipe for introducing wastewater; a rectifying and filtering plate group, a herringbone coalescence plate group, an inclined tube settling plate group and an oil spilling partition plate are sequentially arranged in the first water storage tank body along the flowing direction of wastewater; the rectifying and filtering plate group and the side wall of the box body at one side provided with the water inlet pipe form a water distribution area, the area between the inclined tube settling plate group and the oil spilling partition plate forms a water collection area, and the oil spilling partition plate and the side wall of the box body at the other side form an oil collection area; a first drainage port is formed in the bottom of the water collecting area;
the second recovery system includes: a second water storage tank body; the second water storage tank body is provided with a water collecting tank and a water distribution tank; a triangular overflow weir is arranged on the side wall of the water distribution tank; a composite nano-foam component is obliquely laid between the triangular overflow weir and the water collecting tank from top to bottom and is used as a flow channel of wastewater and used for separating oil and water; the composite nano foam component is sequentially provided with a super-hydrophobic super-oleophylic copper foam nano material layer, a super-oleophylic copper foam nano material layer and a super-oleophobic copper foam nano material layer along the oil penetration direction;
the first water outlet is communicated with the water distribution tank through a gravity water outlet pipe, and the wastewater treated by the first recovery system can enter the water distribution tank and overflow through the triangular overflow weir.
The rectifying and filtering plate group is formed by mutually drawing a plurality of regular hexagons made of aluminum foil materials and is used for intercepting suspended matters, floating matters and oil sludge substances with the particle size larger than a preset size in the wastewater, so that water flows to each subsequent unit at a uniform flow speed.
The invention is further improved in that the herringbone coalescence plate group is formed by mutually overlapping a plurality of layers of coalescence plates; each layer of coalescence plate is a coalescence plate with a corrugated surface and formed by mutually connecting herringbone plates; in the herringbone coalescence plate group, a plurality of sand settling holes are formed along the wave troughs of each layer of coalescence plate, and a plurality of oil floating holes are formed along the wave crests.
The invention is further improved in that the inclined tube settling plate group is formed by symmetrically installing a plurality of inclined plates made of PVC materials in a mounting frame at an inclination angle of 45 degrees.
The invention has the further improvement that the bottoms of the water distribution area, the rectifying filter plate group, the herringbone coalescence plate group and the inclined tube settling plate group are provided with oil sludge discharge pipes; an oil discharge port is formed in the bottom of the oil collection area; the water collecting tank is provided with a second water outlet.
The invention is further improved in that the height of the oil spilling partition plate is higher than that of the inclined tube settling plate group; the height of the inclined tube settling plate group is lower than that of the herringbone coalescence plate group.
A further improvement of the present invention is that the angle of inclination of the syntactic nanofoam component is adjustable.
The invention has the further improvement that the tops of the side walls at the two sides of the water distribution tank are symmetrically provided with triangular overflow weirs; and water collecting grooves are formed in the two sides of the water distribution groove.
The invention relates to an operation method of a device for recovering oil substances in petroleum and coal chemical wastewater, which comprises the following steps:
A further development of the invention consists in that, in step 2, the angle of inclination of the composite nanofoam member is adjusted as a function of the oil concentration of the water body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device is a combined device capable of recovering the floating oil, the dispersed oil and the emulsified oil in the coal chemical industry wastewater; the recovery of floating oil and dispersed oil is realized through coalescence and static sedimentation technologies, and the separation of emulsified oil and water is realized through a nano-membrane component system; the whole device has simple structure and high treatment efficiency. Specifically, the invention designs a floating oil and dispersed oil recovery system and an emulsified oil recovery system in a targeted manner; the recovery of floating oil and dispersed oil is realized by adopting a herringbone coalescence plate group combined oil-water separation type; and a nano foamy copper system is adopted, so that the separation and recovery of emulsified oil are realized, and any chemical demulsifier and flocculant are not required to be added into a water body. The angle-adjustable system can be adopted to enable the device to be suitable for water bodies containing oil substances with different concentrations.
In the rectifying filter plate group, the regular hexagons are mutually drawn to form a plurality of small I-beams which can respectively bear the pressure from a water body, so that the plates are uniformly stressed, and the flatness of the plates is ensured.
The method of the invention belongs to a pure physical treatment method, realizes the recovery of floating oil and dispersed oil by coalescence and static sedimentation technologies, realizes the separation of emulsified oil and water body by a nano-membrane component system, and has high treatment efficiency; can recover floating oil, dispersed oil and emulsified oil in the coal chemical industry wastewater.
In the method, the water body with low oil concentration cannot be quickly covered with meshes of the foamy copper due to the low concentration of the oil substances, part of the water body possibly passes through the meshes and flows to the oil storage chamber, and the inclination angle of the composite nano foam component is adjusted to realize the expansion of the inclination angle, so that the vertical component of the gravity of the water body along the oil-water separation system is reduced, the water body is promoted to quickly flow, and the water body is prevented from breaking through the meshes; and vice versa.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of an apparatus for recovering oil-based materials from petroleum and coal chemical wastewater according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal and transverse sectional view of each component of the system for recovering and dispersing oil and floating oil in the embodiment of the present invention; wherein (a) in fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the flow rectification plate group, (b) in fig. 2 is a longitudinal-sectional view of the herringbone-shaped coalescence plate group, fig. 2 (c) is a cross-sectional view of the inclined plate group, and fig. 2 (d) is a large-scale view of the herringbone-shaped coalescence plate;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an oil-water separation system in an emulsified oil recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 1 to 3, 1, a sludge discharge pipe; 2. a gravity drain pipe; 3. an oil discharge pipe; 4. a water inlet pipe; 5. a water distribution area; 6. a rectifying filter plate group; 7. a herringbone coalescence plate group; 8. an inclined tube settling plate group; 9. a water collection area; 10. an oil collection area; 11. an oil spill baffle; 12. an oil sludge collecting region; 13. a drain pipe; 14. a water collection tank; 15. a first base plate; 16. an oil storage chamber; 17. a super oleophobic copper foam nanomaterial layer; 18. a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophylic foam copper nanometer material layer; 19. a triangular overflow weir; 20. a water distribution tank; 21. a second base plate; 22. a water distribution tank outer wall connecting piece; 23. a laminated plate section; 24. a mounting frame; 25. an I-beam; 26. a herringbone coalescence plate; 27. a sand setting hole; 28. an oil float hole; 29. a sloping plate; 30. a screw; 31. a screw hole; 32. a rubber sealing gasket; 33. rubber sealing filler; 34. fixing bolt holes; 35. a first rectangular water storage tank; 36. a second rectangular water storage tank; 37. a coalescing plate; 38. and (4) a bracket.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical effect and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following clearly and completely describes the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention. Other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the disclosed embodiments without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an apparatus for recovering oil from waste water of petroleum and coal chemical industry according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the first recovery system is used for recovering the floating oil and the dispersed oil in a targeted manner;
and the second recovery system is used for recovering the emulsified oil in a targeted manner.
The first recycling system includes: a first rectangular water storage tank 35, a rectification filter plate group 6, a reversed V-shaped coalescence plate group 7, an inclined tube precipitation plate group 8 and an oil-water separation chamber which are arranged in the tank body; wherein, the oil-water separation chamber is provided with an oil spill baffle plate 11 which divides the oil-water separation chamber into a water collecting area 9 and an oil collecting area 10.
The second recovery system includes: a second rectangular water storage tank 36, and an angle-adjustable system which is arranged in the tank body and comprises a water inlet system, an oil-water separation system, an oil recovery system, a water collection system and oil-water separation equipment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in the recovery system for floating oil and dispersed oil, the water inlet pipe 4 is communicated with the first rectangular water storage tank 35, the rectifying and filtering plate group 6 is fixed to the mounting frame 24 (which may be a metal frame), and the mounting frame 24 is connected to a connecting member in the first rectangular water storage tank 35. The rectifying and filtering plate group 6 is formed by mutually drawing a plurality of regular hexagons made of aluminum foil materials. In the rectifying and filtering plate group 6, regular hexagons are mutually restrained to form a plurality of small I-beams 25 which can respectively bear the pressure from the water body, so that the plates are stressed uniformly, and the flatness of the plates is ensured.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the herringbone coalescing plate group 7 includes a herringbone plate of PVC material, which are connected to each other to form a coalescing plate having a corrugated surface, and a plurality of coalescing plates 37 are overlapped to form the herringbone coalescing plate group 7; the herringbone coalescence plate group 7 is connected with a connecting piece in the first rectangular water storage tank 35. In the herringbone coalescence plate group, a plurality of sand settling holes 27 are formed along the wave troughs of each layer of herringbone coalescence plate 26, and a plurality of oil floating holes 28 are formed along the wave crests.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the inclined tube settling plate group 8 includes: a plurality of inclined plates 29 of PVC material are symmetrically installed in the installation frame 24 at an inclination angle of 45 degrees, and the installation frame 24 is connected to the connection member in the first rectangular water storage tank 35.
In the embodiment of the invention, an oil spilling partition plate 11 is arranged in the middle of the oil-water separation chamber and is divided into a left water collecting area 9 and a right oil collecting area 10; the lower part of the oil collecting area 10 is connected with an oil discharge pipe 3, and the lower part of the water collecting area 9 is connected with a gravity water discharge pipe 2.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lower parts of the rectifying filter plate group 6, the herringbone coalescence plate group 7 and the inclined tube settling plate group 8 are respectively provided with an oil sludge collecting region 12, and the oil sludge collecting region 12 is communicated with the oil sludge discharge pipe 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the floating oil and dispersed oil recovery system, the height of the oil spilling partition plate 11 is higher than that of the inclined tube settling plate group 8.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the emulsified oil recovery system, the gravity drain pipe 2 is communicated with the water distribution tank 20 in the second rectangular water storage tank 36, and the left side and the right side of the water distribution tank 20 are provided with the triangular overflow weirs 19 which are uniformly and symmetrically arranged.
In the embodiment of the invention, the oil-water separation system is composed of a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophylic copper foam nano material layer 18, a super-oleophobic copper foam nano material layer 17 and a bracket 38 used for supporting a nano copper foam material. The super-hydrophobic and super-oleophylic nano copper foam is positioned on the super-oleophobic nano copper foam to form a composite nano copper foam part, and the composite nano copper foam part is connected with the mounting frame and is mounted on the support 38. One end of the composite foam copper part is connected with the connecting piece 22 of the outer wall of the water distribution tank through a screw 30, and the other end of the composite foam copper part is connected with the first bottom plate 15 at the lower part through a screw 30 at a certain inclination angle. The composite nano-foam copper part, the outer wall of the water distribution tank 20 and the first bottom plate 15 form an oil storage chamber 16, and one end of the oil storage chamber 16 is communicated with an oil discharge pipe. The adjacent sides of the oil storage chamber 16 are respectively provided with a water collecting tank 14, and the water collecting tank 14 is connected with the drain pipe 13.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, an angle adjustable system of an oil-water separation apparatus includes: a side wall laminate 23 of the distribution tank 20 and a second bottom plate 21 connected to the side wall. The side wall laminated plate moves up and down, and the oil-water separation system moves up and down through the fixation of the screw 30. The second bottom plate 21 connected to the side wall moves left and right and is connected to the fixing bolt hole 34 by the screw 30, so that the oil-water separation system moves left and right. The laminated plate portion 23 is provided with a rubber gasket 32 and a rubber packing 33.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the recovery system of emulsified oil, a triangular overflow weir 19, an oil-water separation system and an oil-water collection system are symmetrically arranged in the direction vertical to the water inlet direction.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the emulsified oil recovery system, the positioning screw holes 31 on the side stacked plates of the water distribution tank 20 can ensure the fixed value movement in the vertical direction, the screw holes 31 with the fixed distance of the horizontal bottom plate ensure the fixed value movement in the horizontal direction, and the change of the inclination angle of the oil-water separation system is realized.
In the embodiment of the invention, the floating oil, the dispersed oil recovery system and the emulsified oil recovery system are connected by gravity pipelines.
The method for recovering oil substances in the petroleum and coal chemical industry wastewater comprises the following steps:
And 2, enabling effluent of the rectifying filter plate group 6 to flow through the herringbone coalescence plate group 7, generating water flow similar to sine waves among the coalescence plates, and enabling the coalescence and collision on the surfaces of the coalescence plates to form large oil drops and large floccules in the horizontal flowing process of the small dispersed oil drops and the small suspended matters (fly ash). The coalesced floating oil can float up along the floating oil holes 28 of each layer of coalescence plate, and the coalesced heavy oil and oil sludge substances sink down to the oil sludge collecting region 12 at the bottom along the sand setting holes 27 of each layer of coalescence plate.
And 3, the effluent of the herringbone coalescence plate group 7 flows through the inclined tube precipitation plate group 8, the height of the inclined tube precipitation plate group 8 is lower than that of the herringbone coalescence plate group 7, the floating oil coalesced by the herringbone coalescence plate group 7 and the floating oil of the raw water directly flow to the oil spilling partition plate 11 from the upper part of the herringbone coalescence plate group 8 and overflow to the oil collecting region 10 through the oil spilling partition plate 11. The lower water flow flows through the inclined tube settling plate group 8, and the separation of oil sludge substances and the water body is realized again.
Step 4, the water body without dispersed oil, floating oil and oil sludge flows to a water distribution tank 20 of the emulsified oil recovery system through a gravity drain pipe 2, the oil-containing water body which is fully distributed in the water distribution tank 20 flows to left and right oil-water separation systems uniformly and stably through triangular overflow weirs 19 on two sides, and the water content of the oil-containing water body quickly flows to a water collection tank 14 on the lower part under the action of the hydrophobic performance of super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic foamy copper materials and the gravity action of the water body and is drained away through a drain pipe 13; the oil in the oil-containing water body is quickly distributed with meshes of the foam copper under the super-oleophylic performance of the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophylic foam copper material, and the oil substances distributed with the meshes of the foam copper are quickly separated from the oil storage chamber 16 at the lower part under the action of the oleophobic performance of the super-oleophobic foam copper material at the lower layer and the self gravity of the oil substances.
Step 5, in the water body with low oil concentration, because the concentration of oil substances is low, the water body cannot be quickly covered with meshes of foamy copper, and part of the water body may pass through the meshes and flow to the oil storage chamber 16; and vice versa.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the actual coal tar wastewater is treated by using the device, the treatment scale is 0.5t/h, and the oil content of the inlet water is about 2800 mg/L. After the oily wastewater is treated by the recovery system of the floating oil and the dispersed oil, the removal rate of the floating oil and the dispersed oil with the particle size of more than 25 mu m can reach 92 percent, the concentration of the oil is reduced to about 220mg/L, and after the oily wastewater is treated by the recovery system of the emulsified oil, the removal rate of the emulsified oil with the particle size of less than 25 mu m can reach 90 percent, and the concentration of the oil is reduced to about 20 mg/L. In addition, the equipment has high removal rate of the oil sludge substances, and the equipment can continuously and stably run for 30 days without any abnormal phenomenon such as blockage.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.
Claims (2)
1. A device for recovering oil substances in petroleum and coal chemical industry wastewater is characterized by comprising: a first recovery system and a second recovery system; wherein the first recovery system is used for recovering floating oil and dispersed oil; the second recovery system is used for recovering emulsified oil;
the first recycling system includes: a first water storage tank body; the first water storage tank body is provided with a water inlet pipe (4) for introducing wastewater; a rectifying and filtering plate group (6), a herringbone coalescence plate group (7), an inclined tube settling plate group (8) and an oil spilling partition plate (11) are sequentially arranged in the first water storage tank body along the flow direction of wastewater; the rectifying and filtering plate group (6) and the side wall of the box body at one side provided with the water inlet pipe (4) form a water distribution area (5), the area between the inclined tube settling plate group (8) and the oil spilling partition plate (11) forms a water collecting area (9), and the oil spilling partition plate (11) and the side wall of the box body at the other side form an oil collecting area (10); a first drainage port is formed in the bottom of the water collecting area (9);
the second recovery system includes: a second water storage tank body; the second water storage tank body is provided with a water collecting tank (14) and a water distributing tank (20); a triangular overflow weir (19) is arranged on the side wall of the water distribution tank (20); a composite nano foam component is obliquely laid between the triangular overflow weir (19) and the water collecting tank (14) from top to bottom and is used as a flow channel of the oil-containing water body and used for separating oil and water; the composite nano foam component is sequentially provided with a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophylic copper foam nano material layer (18) and a super-oleophobic copper foam nano material layer (17) along the oil penetration direction; the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophylic copper foam nano material layer (18) is positioned on the super-oleophobic copper foam nano material layer (17) to form a composite nano copper foam part, the composite nano copper foam part is connected with the mounting frame, and the composite nano copper foam part and the mounting frame are mounted on the support (38); one end of the composite foam copper part is connected with a connecting piece (22) of the outer wall of the water distribution tank through a screw (30), and the other end of the composite foam copper part is connected with a first bottom plate (15) at the lower part through a screw (30) at a certain inclination angle; the composite nano-foam copper part, the outer wall of the water distribution tank (20) and the first bottom plate (15) form an oil storage chamber (16), one end of the oil storage chamber (16) is communicated with the oil discharge pipe, the adjacent sides of the oil storage chamber (16) are respectively provided with a water collecting tank (14), and the water collecting tank (14) is connected with the water discharge pipe (13);
the first drainage port is communicated with the water distribution tank (20) through a gravity drainage pipe (2), and the wastewater treated by the first recovery system can enter the water distribution tank (20) and overflow through a triangular overflow weir (19);
the rectifying and filtering plate group (6) is formed by mutually drawing a plurality of regular hexagons made of aluminum foil materials and is used for intercepting suspended matters, floating matters and oil sludge substances with the particle size larger than a preset size in wastewater, so that water flows to each subsequent unit at a uniform flow speed;
the herringbone coalescence plate group (7) is formed by mutually lapping a plurality of coalescence plates; each layer of coalescence plate is a coalescence plate which is formed by mutually connecting herringbone plates and has a corrugated surface; in the herringbone coalescence plate group (7), a plurality of sand setting holes (27) are formed along wave troughs of each layer of coalescence plate, and a plurality of oil floating holes (28) are formed along wave crests;
the inclined tube settling plate group (8) is formed by symmetrically installing a plurality of inclined plates made of PVC materials in an installation frame at an inclination angle of 45 degrees; the bottoms of the water distribution area (5), the rectifying and filtering plate group (6), the herringbone coalescence plate group (7) and the inclined tube settling plate group (8) are provided with oil sludge discharge pipes (1); an oil discharge pipe (3) is arranged at the bottom of the oil collection area (10); the water collecting tank (14) is provided with a second water outlet; the height of the oil spilling partition plate (11) is higher than that of the inclined tube settling plate group (8); the height of the inclined tube settling plate group (8) is lower than that of the herringbone coalescence plate group (7); the inclination angle of the composite nano foam component is adjustable, the adjustable system comprises a laminated plate part of the side wall of the water distribution tank and a second bottom plate connected with the side wall, and the laminated plate part of the side wall of the water distribution tank can move up and down and realize the up and down movement of the oil-water separation system through the fixation of a screw; triangular overflow weirs (19) are symmetrically arranged at the tops of the side walls of the two sides of the water distribution tank (20); and water collecting grooves (14) are arranged on two sides of the water distribution groove (20).
2. The method of operating an apparatus for recovering oil-based materials from wastewater of petroleum and coal chemical industries according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, introducing raw wastewater into a water distribution area of a first recovery system, and allowing the raw wastewater to flow through a rectification filter plate set; the effluent of the rectification filter plate group flows through the herringbone coalescence plate group, and water flow similar to sine wave is generated among the coalescence plates of each layer, so that in the horizontal flowing process of micro dispersed oil drops and micro suspended matters, the micro dispersed oil drops and the micro suspended matters are coalesced and collided on the surfaces of the coalescence plates to form large oil drops and large floccules; each layer of coalescence plate is provided with an oil floating hole and a sand setting hole, the coalesced floating oil floats upwards along the oil floating hole of each layer of coalescence plate, and the coalesced heavy oil and oil sludge substances sink along the sand setting hole of each layer of coalescence plate; the effluent of the herringbone coalescence plate group flows through the inclined tube precipitation plate group, the floating oil coalesced by the herringbone coalescence plate group and the floating oil of the raw water flow to the oil spilling partition plate from the upper part of the inclined tube precipitation plate group and overflow to the oil collecting region through the oil spilling partition plate; the lower water flow flows through the inclined tube sedimentation plate group to realize the separation of oil sludge substances and the water body;
step 2, the water body treated by the first recovery system enters a water distribution tank of a second recovery system through a gravity drain pipe; the oily water body distributed in the water distribution tank flows to the composite nano foam component through a triangular overflow weir; wherein, the water content of the oil-containing water body flows to the water collecting tank under the hydrophobic performance action of the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophylic foamy copper nanometer material layer and the self-gravity action of the water body; oil in the oily water body is fully distributed in the foam copper meshes under the super-oleophylic effect of the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophylic foam copper nanometer material layer, and oil substances distributed in the foam copper meshes are separated under the oleophobic effect of the lower super-oleophobic foam copper nanometer material layer and the self gravity effect of the oil substances;
in the step 2, the inclination angle of the composite nano-foam component is adjusted according to the oil-containing concentration of the water body.
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