CN111922338A - Energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device and method - Google Patents
Energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111922338A CN111922338A CN202010904830.2A CN202010904830A CN111922338A CN 111922338 A CN111922338 A CN 111922338A CN 202010904830 A CN202010904830 A CN 202010904830A CN 111922338 A CN111922338 A CN 111922338A
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device and method, wherein the device comprises a control unit, a gas supplementing unit, a gas circulating unit, an exhaust unit and a 3D printer, the control unit is respectively connected with the gas supplementing unit, the gas circulating unit, the exhaust unit and the 3D printer, and the gas supplementing unit, the gas circulating unit and the exhaust unit are respectively connected with the 3D printer through pipelines. The method comprises the following steps: introducing argon into the 3D printer; pumping and filtering gas in the circulating 3D printer in the printing process; continuously monitoring the oxygen content and the pressure in the 3D printer, printing in the range of the oxygen content below 200ppm, and controlling the pressure in a set range; and filtering and discharging the gas discharged from the 3D printer. The invention can continuously provide clean argon to protect the environment and stable pressure, can print large-batch and large-scale parts, effectively reduces the cost and improves the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy forming manufacturing, in particular to 3D printing equipment for manufacturing magnesium alloy parts; the invention also relates to an energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing method.
Background
The magnesium alloy is an alloy formed by adding other elements on the basis of magnesium, has the advantages of small density, high specific strength, large elastic modulus, good heat dissipation and shock absorption performance, and becomes a preferred material for lightweight parts in the fields of aerospace, new energy automobiles, medical implants, consumer electronics and the like. The traditional magnesium alloy parts are manufactured by a casting and machining combined mode, and parts with complex structures or thin wall thicknesses cannot be machined by the mode. The 3D printing technology can overcome the problem, parts with complex structures can be manufactured, and therefore the light weight degree of products is improved. Chinese patent document with publication number CN206702220U discloses a SLM type 3D printer, this 3D printer includes the casing, the pivot has been installed through the installing frame in the casing, be connected with metal powder jar through the pneumatic cylinder in the pivot, it is rotatory to drive metal powder pipe through the pivot rotation, the metal powder pipe left and right sides is equipped with the scraper blade and paves the material, the casing lower part is equipped with the argon gas bin, argon gas bin both sides are equipped with the exhaust tube and are connected with the working chamber, be equipped with the blast pipe on the working chamber, close the blast pipe after the argon gas is full of the working chamber and print. This patent provides a scheme for printing under an argon atmosphere.
However, due to the characteristics of easy combustion and explosion, low density and low melting point of the magnesium alloy, the safety problem in the 3D printing process is prominent, and a large amount of smoke and dust are easily generated. Therefore, the current research results including the patent can only print in small batches in a short time under the protection of argon gas, and cannot manufacture large parts and print for a long time. Even if the printing is performed in a short time and in a small batch, the current research results do not disclose the critical value of starting the printing of the printer, and the critical value can ensure the printing safety. In addition, the applicant also finds that in 3D printing for manufacturing magnesium alloy precision parts, the pressure and the oxygen content are both related to the product quality, and persons skilled in the art can easily know that in the process of manufacturing large parts or printing for a long time, the printing safety is ensured, the waste caused by the overlong argon introducing time before printing is avoided, the product quality and the yield are ensured, and the parameters such as the oxygen content, the pressure and the like are not obtained through limited experiments.
In addition, as clean nitrogen needs to be continuously replaced in the 3D printer for long-time printing to keep a clean argon protection environment, the process is too high in energy consumption and difficult to be widely used in the common industry, and the development of the magnesium alloy 3D printing technology is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device and method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides an energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device which comprises a control unit, a gas supplementing unit, a gas circulating unit, an exhaust unit and a 3D printer, wherein the control unit is respectively connected with the gas supplementing unit, the gas circulating unit, the exhaust unit and the 3D printer, the gas supplementing unit is connected with the 3D printer through a gas supplementing pipe, the gas circulating unit is connected with the 3D printer through a circulating extraction pipe and a circulating supplement pipe, and the exhaust unit is connected with the 3D printer through an exhaust pipe.
Gas in with the 3D printer through the gas circulation unit continuously takes out, the circulation after purifying mends the 3D printer, has kept the interior clear argon gas protection environment of 3D printer, satisfies long-time printing, purifies back cyclic utilization with argon gas simultaneously, the cost has been practiced thrift to very big degree.
Specifically, the air supplementing unit comprises a supercharger, and the outlet of the supercharger is connected with a one-way valve. The booster compressor entry is connected the argon gas source, by booster compressor lifting pressure during the tonifying qi, can provide the best pressure environment in the 3D printer, and the check valve prevents that gas from flowing backwards, has ensured safety.
Specifically, the gas circulation unit comprises an air suction pump and a circulation filter, wherein the inlet of the air suction pump is connected with a circulation extraction pipe through an air suction valve, the outlet of the air suction pump is connected with the circulation filter, and the outlet of the circulation filter is connected with a circulation supplementing pipe. Further, the inlet of the air suction pump is also connected with a centrifugal separator. Further, the air exhaust valve is a pneumatic valve, and a power source of the pneumatic valve is a compressed air bottle.
The centrifugal separator can separate most of particles, and the service life of the circulating filter is greatly prolonged by the centrifugal separator, so that the service life of the circulating filter is prolonged by more than one time. The connection and the closing of the gas circulation unit and the 3D printer are controlled by the air extraction valve, and the connection is closed in time when extreme conditions such as 3D printer failure occur, so that the gas circulation unit is effectively protected, and loss expansion is prevented; the pneumatic valve is simple to operate, rapid in reaction, long in service life and simple to maintain, and the cost is effectively reduced; according to the invention, a compressed gas cylinder is used as a power source, compared with a conventional air compressor station, the air compressor station is used for providing 0.4-0.5 MPa of compressed gas, each set of 3D printing device needs a 7.5KW air compressor to continuously work for 8 hours every day, and the power consumption is 60 degrees; adopt compressed gas bottle then not need the air compressor machine, but one bottle of compressed gas bottle supplies the device 4 days normal operating in succession, 4 days each set of 3D printing device cost saving more than 120 yuan.
Specifically, the exhaust unit comprises an exhaust filter, and a check valve is connected to an inlet of the exhaust filter. The one-way valve ensures that air cannot flow back to enter the 3D printer under the conditions of start and stop and abnormal work of the device, and the safety is ensured; the exhaust filter removes dust of tail gas, improves the pollution caused by directly exhausting gas in the printing cavity to the outside in the prior art, and is suitable for indoor work.
Specifically, the control unit includes the controller, and the first input of controller is connected with the oxygen content detector, and the second input is connected with pressure detector, and 3D printer is connected to the first output, and the second output is connected with the tonifying air control valve, and the third output is connected with the exhaust control valve. The controller controls the 3D printer to start and stop according to a detection signal of the oxygen content detector, controls the opening and closing of the air supply control valve and the air exhaust control valve, enables the 3D printer to stop printing when the oxygen content is larger than a set value, simultaneously opens the air supply control valve and the air exhaust control valve, and enables the 3D printer to start printing when the oxygen content is smaller than the set value; when the oxygen content is less than a set value, the controller controls the opening and closing of the air supply control valve and the exhaust control valve according to a detection signal of the pressure detector, and when the pressure of the 3D printer is higher than a set range, the air supply control valve is closed and the exhaust control valve is opened; when the pressure of the 3D printer is lower than a set range, opening the air supply control valve and closing the air exhaust control valve; and when the pressure of the 3D printer is in a set range, closing the air supply control valve and the air exhaust control valve at the same time.
By the arrangement, printing is stopped in time when the oxygen content is too high, so that deflagration is prevented, and the printing safety is guaranteed; meanwhile, the gas supplementing control valve and the gas exhausting control valve are opened to replace protective gas in the 3D printer, so that the printing environment is recovered in time, and the influence of oxygen content fluctuation on the working efficiency is reduced; and maintain an optimal pressure range within the 3D printer.
Further, the controller is also provided with a fourth input end and a third output end, the fourth input end is connected with a circulating flow meter, and the third output end is connected with a circulating flow valve. The controller controls the opening degree of the circulation flow valve according to the detection signal of the circulation flow meter, so that the opening degree of the circulation flow valve is reduced when the circulation flow is larger than the set range, and the opening degree of the circulation flow valve is increased when the circulation flow is smaller than the set range.
By this arrangement, the optimum flow range for air make-up and venting is maintained, a clean argon protected environment is maintained within the working chamber, while preventing air flow from disturbing the printed material.
Preferably, the 3D printer is a selective laser melting metal 3D printer. Be equipped with the relay on the laser power supply of 3D printer, the relay is connected with the controller, and the controller controls opening of 3D printer through sending break-make signal to the relay.
The invention also provides an energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing argon into the 3D printer, and printing under the argon protective atmosphere;
(2) continuously pumping gas out of the 3D printer in the printing process, and circularly supplementing the gas into the 3D printer after filtering;
(3) continuously monitoring the oxygen content in the 3D printer, starting printing when the oxygen content is lower than 200ppm (volume), and sending an instruction for stopping printing to the 3D printer when the oxygen content is higher than 200ppm (volume);
(4) continuously monitoring the pressure in the 3D printer, discharging gas from the 3D printer when the pressure is higher than a set range, and supplementing argon gas to the 3D printer when the pressure is lower than the set range;
(5) and filtering and discharging the gas discharged from the 3D printer.
The gas in the 3D printer is continuously pumped out and circularly supplemented into the 3D printer after being purified, so that the clean argon gas protection environment in the 3D printer is maintained, long-time printing is met, and meanwhile, the argon gas is recycled after being purified, so that the cost is greatly saved; the printing is controlled under the condition that the oxygen content is lower than 200ppm, the printing safety is ensured, the product has no defects of cracks and the like caused by oxidizing substances, and the product quality is improved.
Further, the flow rate of the gas which is extracted from the 3D printer and is circulated by filtering is 37-39 cubic meters per hour.
The gas flow rate of the 3D printer is pumped out and circularly supplemented in the range, the 3D printer can still keep clean after long-time printing, the product quality is not affected by dust to generate micropore defects, fine surface defects caused by the fact that the primary forming material is disturbed by air flow can be avoided, and the requirements of high-precision parts are met.
Further, the pressure setting range in the 3D printer is 12-15 mbar.
Printing at this pressure, the malleation has guaranteed that external gas can not get into the 3D printer, and product compactness is good moreover, has kept lower manufacturing, the sealed cost of 3D printer simultaneously. When the pressure is lower than the pressure range, micro pores appear on the product at a certain probability, and when the pressure is higher than the pressure range, the cost for filling argon and sealing the 3D printer is increased sharply, so that the economy is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the clean argon protection environment in the working cavity of the 3D printer is maintained, the working environment for long-time printing is met, and large-batch and large-scale part printing can be performed; (2) the argon is pumped out, purified and recycled, about 37 cubic meters of argon is saved per hour, the cost is effectively reduced, and the method is suitable for wide use; (3) providing an optimal pressure environment within the 3D printer; (4) the optimal pressure range and the optimal circular extraction and supplement gas flow in the 3D printer are controlled, and the product quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the gas-replenishing unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the gas circulation unit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the exhaust unit of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control unit of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a control unit; 100-a controller; 101-an oxygen content detector; 102-a pressure detector; 103-a supplementary control valve; 104-an exhaust control valve; 105-a circulation flow meter; 106-circulation flow valve; 2-a qi-tonifying unit; 201-a supercharger; 202-a one-way valve; 3-a gas circulation unit; 301-a suction pump; 302-a circulating filter; 303-an air extraction valve; 304-a centrifuge; 4-an exhaust unit; 401-an exhaust gas filter; 402-a one-way valve; 5-3D printer; 6-a signal line; 7-air supplement pipe; 8-circulating a draw-off pipe; 9-circularly supplementing a pipe; 10-an exhaust pipe; 11-argon source.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention:
the invention provides an energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device which comprises a control unit 1, a gas supplementing unit 2, a gas circulating unit 3, an exhaust unit 4 and a 3D printer 5, wherein the control unit 1 is respectively connected with the gas supplementing unit 2, the gas circulating unit 3, the exhaust unit 4 and the 3D printer 5, the gas supplementing unit 2 is connected with the 3D printer 5 through a gas supplementing pipe 7, the gas circulating unit 3 is connected with the 3D printer 5 through a circulating extraction pipe 8 and a circulating supplement pipe 9, and the exhaust unit 4 is connected with the 3D printer 5 through an exhaust pipe 10.
Gas in the 3D printer 5 is continuously taken out, the 3D printer 5 is mended to the circulation after purifying through gas circulation unit 3, has kept the interior clear argon gas protective environment of 3D printer 5, satisfies the operational environment who prints for a long time, purifies the back cyclic utilization with argon gas simultaneously, can practice thrift the cost more than 80% of mending the argon gas, has greatly improved economic benefits.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the gas replenishing unit 2:
the air make-up unit 2 comprises a supercharger 201, and a check valve 202 is connected to the outlet of the supercharger 201. The argon gas source 11 is connected to booster 201 entry, by booster 201 lifting pressure during the tonifying qi, can provide the best pressure environment in the 3D printer 5, and check valve 202 prevents gaseous refluence, has ensured safety.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the gas circulation unit 3:
the gas circulation unit 3 comprises a suction pump 301 and a circulation filter 302, wherein the inlet of the suction pump 301 is connected with the circulation suction pipe 8 through a suction valve 303, the outlet of the suction pump 301 is connected with the circulation filter 302, and the outlet of the circulation filter 302 is connected with the circulation supplementing pipe 9. Further, a centrifugal separator 304 is connected to the inlet of the suction pump 301. Further, the air extraction valve 303 is a pneumatic valve, and a power source of the pneumatic valve is a compressed air bottle.
The centrifugal separator 304 can separate most of the particles, and the centrifugal separator 304 greatly prolongs the service life of the circulating filter 302, so that the service life of the circulating filter is prolonged by more than one time. The air extraction valve 303 controls the communication and the closing between the gas circulation unit 3 and the 3D printer 5, and the connection is closed in time when extreme conditions such as a 3D printer 5 fault occur, so that the gas circulation unit 3 is effectively protected, and loss expansion is prevented; the pneumatic valve is simple to operate, rapid in reaction, long in service life and simple to maintain, and the cost is effectively reduced; according to the invention, a compressed gas cylinder is used as a power source, compared with a conventional air compressor station, the air compressor station is used for providing 0.4-0.5 MPa of compressed gas, each set of 3D printing device needs a 7.5KW air compressor to continuously work for 8 hours every day, and the power consumption is 60 degrees; adopt compressed gas bottle then not need the air compressor machine, but one bottle of compressed gas bottle supplies the device 4 days normal operating in succession, 4 days each set of 3D printing device cost saving more than 120 yuan.
Preferably, the centrifuge 304 may be a gravity centrifuge or a cyclone.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the exhaust unit 4:
the exhaust unit 4 includes an exhaust filter 401, and a check valve 402 is connected to an inlet of the exhaust filter 401. The check valve 402 ensures that air cannot flow back to enter the 3D printer 5 under the conditions of start and stop of the device, abnormal work and the like, and safety is guaranteed; the exhaust filter 401 removes dust in the tail gas, improves the pollution caused by directly exhausting the gas in the printing cavity to the outside in the traditional method, and is suitable for indoor work.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the control unit 1:
the control unit 1 comprises a controller 100, a first input end of the controller 100 is connected with an oxygen content detector 101, a second input end of the controller 100 is connected with a pressure detector 102, a first output end of the controller 100 is connected with the 3D printer 5, a second output end of the controller is connected with an air supply control valve 103, a third output end of the controller is connected with an exhaust control valve 104, and the controller 100 controls the start and stop of the 3D printer 5 and controls the opening and closing of the air supply control valve 103 and the exhaust control valve 104 according to a detection signal of the oxygen content detector 101; when the oxygen content is larger than the set value, the 3D printer 5 stops printing, the air supply control valve 103 and the air exhaust control valve 104 are simultaneously opened, and when the oxygen content is smaller than the set value, the 3D printer 5 starts printing; when the oxygen content is less than the set value, the controller 100 controls opening and closing of the gas supply control valve 103 and the exhaust control valve 104 based on a detection signal of the pressure detector 102 so that the gas supply control valve 103 is closed and the exhaust control valve 104 is opened when the pressure of the 3D printer 5 is higher than the set range; when the pressure of the 3D printer 5 is lower than the set range, the air supply control valve 103 is opened, and the exhaust control valve 104 is closed; when the pressure of the 3D printer 5 is within the set range, the supply control valve 103 and the exhaust control valve 104 are closed at the same time.
During use, the oxygen content detector 101 and the pressure detector 102 are arranged in the working cavity of the 3D printer 5, the air supply control valve 103 is arranged on the air supply pipe 7, and the exhaust control valve 104 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 10, so that the optimal oxygen content and pressure range in the 3D printer 5 are maintained, the printing safety is guaranteed, and the product quality is improved.
Further, the controller 100 is further provided with a fourth input end and a third output end, the fourth input end is connected with a circulation flow meter 105, and the third output end is connected with a circulation flow valve 106. The controller 100 controls the opening degree of the circulation flow valve 106 based on the detection signal of the circulation flow meter 105 such that the opening degree of the circulation flow valve 106 is decreased when the circulation flow rate is greater than the set range and the opening degree of the circulation flow valve 106 is increased when the circulation flow rate is less than the set range.
The circulation flow meter 105 is arranged on the circulation supplementing pipe 9, the circulation flow valve 106 is arranged on the circulation extracting pipe 9, the optimal flow range of air supplement and exhaust is kept, the clean argon protection environment in the working cavity is kept, and meanwhile, the printing material is prevented from being disturbed by airflow.
Preferably, the 3D printer 5 is a selective laser melting metal 3D printer. Be equipped with the relay on 3D printer 5's the laser power supply, the relay is connected with controller 100, and controller 100 controls opening of 3D printer 5 through sending on-off signal to the relay.
The programming of the controller 100 can be implemented by one skilled in the art through programming by illustrating the logical relationship in the embodiment. The controller 100 adopts STM32 series single-chip microcomputer. In this embodiment, the PA port is used as the first input terminal, the second input terminal, and the third input terminal, and the PE port is used as the first output terminal, the second output terminal, the third output terminal, and the fourth output terminal.
The invention also provides an energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing argon into the 3D printer 5, and printing under the argon protective atmosphere;
(2) continuously pumping out gas in the 3D printer 5 in the printing process, and circularly supplementing the gas into the 3D printer 5 after filtering;
through continuously pumping out gas, the gas is circularly supplemented after being filtered, the clean argon gas protection environment is kept, the working condition of long-time continuous printing is met, the argon gas source is greatly saved, and the economical efficiency is improved.
(3) Continuously monitoring the oxygen content in the 3D printer 5, starting printing when the oxygen content is lower than 200ppm (volume), and sending an instruction for stopping printing to the 3D printer 5 when the oxygen content is higher than 200ppm (volume);
the printing is controlled under the condition that the oxygen content is lower than 200ppm, so that microcracks can be prevented from being generated due to the oxidized interlayer in the printing process of the product, and the product quality is improved. When the printing is started when the oxygen content is 200-250 ppm, 2 deep layers of 25 magnesium alloy 3D printed products which are sampled and observed detect micro cracks, namely the defective rate of printing in the manufacturing of precision parts is about 8%, and the phenomenon does not occur when the oxygen content is strictly controlled to be 200ppm, so that the product quality is improved, and the defective rate is 0. Through detecting oxygen content, in time stop printing when oxygen content risees, the product in the printing has sufficient time cooling, prevents the detonation, has ensured the safety of printing.
(4) Continuously monitoring the pressure in the 3D printer 5, discharging gas from the 3D printer 5 when the pressure is higher than a set range, and supplementing argon gas to the 3D printer 5 when the pressure is lower than the set range;
the pressure in the 3D printer 5 is adjusted through detection and feedback, so that the pressure in the 3D printer 5 is in an optimal set pressure range at any time.
(5) The gas discharged from the 3D printer 5 is filtered and discharged.
The discharged gas is discharged after being filtered, and the printing paper can not cause pollution even if being printed for a long time, and is suitable for indoor work.
Further, gas is extracted from the 3D printer 5, the gas is circularly supplemented into the 3D printer 5 after being circularly filtered, and the flow rate of the gas is 37-39 cubic meters per hour.
When printing is carried out under the condition that the flow of the pumped, purified and circulated gas is lower than 37 cubic meters per hour, 2 of 25 magnesium alloy 3D printing products which are sampled and observed detect micro pores in a shallow layer; the 3D printer 5 needs to be cleaned after two weeks of continuous operation. When the magnesium alloy is printed under the condition that the flow of the extracted, purified and circulated gas is higher than 39 cubic meters per hour, 4 surfaces of 25 sampled and observed magnesium alloy 3D printed products have fine grains and need to be further processed and removed; the defects are not detected when the printing is carried out under the condition that the flow of the extracted, purified and circulated gas is between 37 and 39 cubic meters per hour, and the precision requirement of parts is met; the 3D printer 4 remains clean after printing for one month.
Further, the pressure setting range in the 3D printer 5 is 12-15 mbar.
The malleation has guaranteed that external gas can not get into 3D printer 5, prints at this pressure, and the product compactness is good moreover, has kept lower 3D printer 5's manufacturing, sealed cost simultaneously. Printing is carried out under the printing pressure of 8-11 mbar, 3 detected micro air holes exist in 25 magnesium alloy 3D printed products which are sampled and observed, the phenomenon does not exist under the printing pressure of 12-15 mbar, the defective rate is 0%, and the product quality is improved within the pressure range. When the printing pressure is higher than 16mbar, the argon supply cost is improved by more than 5% compared with 15mbar, and the argon supply cost does not obviously contribute to the printing quality, and meanwhile, the pressure relief exhaust volume is increased due to frequent pressure relief, so that the air quality in a factory building is influenced.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an energy-conserving magnesium alloy 3D printing device which characterized in that: including the control unit (1), tonifying qi unit (2), gas circulation unit (3), exhaust unit (4), 3D printer (5) are connected respectively in the control unit (1), 3D printer (5) is connected through moisturizing pipe (7) in tonifying qi unit (2), 3D printer (5) is connected through circulation extraction pipe (8) and circulation moisturizing pipe (9) in gas circulation unit (3), 3D printer (5) is connected through blast pipe (10) in exhaust unit (4).
2. The energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein: the air supply unit (2) comprises a supercharger (201), and the outlet of the supercharger (201) is connected with a one-way valve (202).
3. The energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein: the gas circulation unit (3) comprises an air suction pump (301) and a circulation filter (302), the inlet of the air suction pump (301) is connected with a circulation suction pipe (8) through an air suction valve (303), the outlet of the air suction pump (301) is connected with the circulation filter (302), and the outlet of the circulation filter (302) is connected with a circulation supplementing pipe (9).
4. The energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device according to claim 3, wherein: the inlet of the air pump (301) is also connected with a centrifugal separator (304).
5. The energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device according to claim 3, wherein: the air extraction valve (302) is a pneumatic valve, and the pneumatic valve power source is a compressed gas cylinder.
6. The energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein: the control unit (1) comprises a controller (100), wherein a first input end of the controller (100) is connected with an oxygen content detector (101), a second input end of the controller is connected with a pressure detector (102), a first output end of the controller is connected with a 3D printer, a second output end of the controller is connected with an air supply control valve (103), and a third output end of the controller is connected with an air exhaust control valve (104).
7. The energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing device according to claim 6, wherein: the controller (100) is also provided with a fourth input end and a third output end, the fourth input end is connected with a circulating flow meter (105), and the third output end is connected with a circulating flow valve (106).
8. An energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing method is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
(1) introducing argon into the 3D printer, and printing under the argon protective atmosphere;
(2) continuously pumping gas out of the 3D printer (5) in the printing process, and circularly supplementing the gas into the 3D printer (5) after filtering;
(3) continuously monitoring the oxygen content in the 3D printer (5), starting printing when the oxygen content is lower than 200ppm (volume), and sending an instruction for stopping printing to the 3D printer (5) when the oxygen content is higher than 200ppm (volume);
(4) continuously monitoring the pressure in the 3D printer (5), discharging gas from the 3D printer (5) when the pressure is higher than a set range, and supplementing argon gas to the 3D printer (5) when the pressure is lower than the set range;
(5) and the gas exhausted from the 3D printer (5) is discharged after being filtered.
9. The energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the flow rate of the gas pumped out of the 3D printer (5) and circulated through filtering is 37-39 cubic meters per hour.
10. The energy-saving magnesium alloy 3D printing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the pressure setting range in the 3D printer (5) is 12-15 mbar.
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Application publication date: 20201113 |