CN111920895A - Garlic oil self-microemulsion and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Garlic oil self-microemulsion and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111920895A CN111920895A CN202010661220.4A CN202010661220A CN111920895A CN 111920895 A CN111920895 A CN 111920895A CN 202010661220 A CN202010661220 A CN 202010661220A CN 111920895 A CN111920895 A CN 111920895A
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- garlic oil
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- oil
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- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/896—Liliaceae (Lily family), e.g. daylily, plantain lily, Hyacinth or narcissus
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of medicinal preparations, and discloses a garlic oil self-microemulsion, and a preparation method and application thereof. The garlic oil self-microemulsion comprises isopropyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, 1, 2-propylene glycol and garlic oil, wherein the mass ratio of the isopropyl palmitate to the polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil to the 1, 2-propylene glycol to the garlic oil is 10-30: 20-70: 20-70: 10-30. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) respectively weighing isopropyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, 1, 2-propylene glycol and garlic oil according to the required mass ratio for later use; (2) adding polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil into 1, 2-propylene glycol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution a; (3) adding isopropyl palmitate into garlic oil, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution b; (4) slowly dripping the mixed solution b into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the clear and transparent garlic oil self-microemulsion. The method has simple process, and the garlic oil is prepared into garlic oil self-microemulsion, so that the stability and water solubility of the garlic oil are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medicinal preparations, in particular to a garlic oil self-microemulsion and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Garlic Oil (GO) is a volatile oil extracted from Garlic bulb, has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, blood sugar lowering, blood lipid reducing, cancer preventing, liver protecting, and immunity enhancing effects, is slightly soluble in water, easily soluble in organic solvent and most of non-volatile oils, and easily deteriorates under strong acid, strong oxidant, and ultraviolet rays.
Self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) are homogeneous transparent solutions comprising an oil phase, a surfactant, a co-surfactant or a small amount of water, and can be used as carriers for hydrophobic, poorly absorbable or easily hydrolysable drugs. The system wraps the medicine in oil drops, and the medicine is spontaneously dispersed under gastrointestinal peristalsis when meeting body fluid after being taken orally to form O/W type microemulsion, so that the solubility of the medicine can be improved, the surface tension is reduced, a hydration layer which easily passes through the stomach and the intestinal wall is formed, the penetrability to intestinal epithelial cells is increased, and the like, and the bioavailability of the medicine is obviously improved.
However, in recent years, most of the studies on garlic oil at home and abroad are pharmacological activity, extraction process and content measurement, the studies on preparations of the garlic oil are few, only the garlic oil microcapsules, the garlic oil beta-CD inclusion compounds and the like are available on the market at present, the bioavailability is poor, and the studies and the applications of garlic oil related emulsions are not seen yet. In addition, the garlic oil has complex functional components, poor stability and high storage cost, and the research and development and application of related products are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provide a garlic oil self-microemulsion and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the existing preparation formulation of a garlic oil oral preparation. The garlic oil self-microemulsion is clear and transparent in appearance, uniform and light blue opalescence, and the particle size of the garlic oil self-microemulsion is less than 50nm, so that the stability, the solubility and the bioavailability of the garlic oil are improved.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the garlic oil self-microemulsion comprises isopropyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, 1, 2-propylene glycol and garlic oil, wherein the mass ratio of the isopropyl palmitate, the polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, the 1, 2-propylene glycol and the garlic oil is 10-30: 20-70: 20-70: 10-30.
Preferably, the garlic oil self-microemulsion contains isopropyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, 1, 2-propylene glycol and garlic oil in a mass ratio of 15: 50: 20: 15.
further, the invention also provides a preparation method of the garlic oil self-microemulsion, which comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively weighing isopropyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, 1, 2-propylene glycol and garlic oil according to the required mass ratio for later use;
(2) adding polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil into 1, 2-propylene glycol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution a;
(3) adding isopropyl palmitate into garlic oil, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution b;
(4) slowly dripping the mixed solution b into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the clear and transparent garlic oil self-microemulsion.
The preparation method of the garlic oil self-microemulsion has very low free energy for emulsification, and in the steps (2) to (4), the stirring condition is constant-temperature water bath stirring at 37 +/-5 ℃.
Preferably, in the steps (2) to (4), the stirring condition is constant-temperature water bath stirring at 37 +/-1 ℃.
Further, in the steps (2) to (4), the stirring speed is 80 to 120 r/min.
Preferably, in the steps (2) to (4), the stirring speed is 100 r/min.
On the other hand, the invention also provides an application of the garlic oil self-microemulsion, and the garlic oil self-microemulsion is directly taken orally as a pharmaceutical preparation or a health-care product, or is diluted into the garlic oil microemulsion with different concentrations for oral administration or external use.
Further, the dilution method comprises the following steps: and (3) dripping ultrapure water into the garlic oil self-microemulsion while stirring. The viscosity of the system is low when the dilution is started, the system gradually becomes viscous along with the increase of water amount, and W/O (water-in-oil) type microemulsion appears; and adding ultrapure water to a sufficient amount, wherein the microemulsion is a clear and bright blue-emitting liquid, and the average particle size of the microemulsion is about 30 nm. The garlic oil has various physiological effects of bacteriostasis, antioxidation, antitumor and the like, and different dosages required by different purposes, so the final dilution concentration of the microemulsion is not limited and is determined according to the purpose of use.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the garlic oil is volatile oil, slightly soluble in water, complex in functional components and easy to deteriorate under the conditions of strong acid, strong oxidant, ultraviolet rays and the like, and the garlic oil is prepared into the garlic oil self-microemulsion, so that the stability and the water solubility of the garlic oil are greatly improved;
(2) the preparation process of the garlic oil self-microemulsion is simple, convenient to operate, moderate in price of required raw materials, good in thermodynamic stability and storage stability of the prepared garlic oil self-microemulsion, and free of layering after long-term storage;
(3) the garlic oil is prepared into the self-microemulsion, so that the garlic oil is prevented from being degraded by gastrointestinal metabolic enzymes, and the garlic oil can easily pass through a hydration layer of a gastrointestinal wall due to low surface tension, so that the medicine can be directly contacted with the gastrointestinal epithelium, the absorption condition of the garlic oil in a living body is improved, and the bioavailability of the garlic oil is improved;
(4) the garlic oil is dissolved in the emulsion matrix to prepare the garlic oil self-microemulsion, and the garlic oil self-microemulsion can be directly orally taken in practical application, or can be diluted into the garlic oil microemulsion with different concentrations for oral administration or external application according to the requirement, so that the garlic oil self-microemulsion is convenient to use and wide in application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a pseudo-ternary phase diagram of the present invention as plotted in example 1 from isopropyl palmitate or isopropyl myristate, and 1,2 propylene glycol or Tween80 and polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, garlic oil;
FIG. 2 is a pseudo-ternary phase diagram plotted from isopropyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, 1,2 propylene glycol and garlic oil in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a transmission electron microscope image of the garlic oil self-microemulsion of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of the microemulsion particle size obtained after the garlic oil self-microemulsion of the present invention is diluted 50 times with water.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. It is to be understood that the following description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
The indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are not intended to limit the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the number clearly indicates the singular.
Further, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
A method for preparing garlic oil self-microemulsion comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 3g of garlic oil, 3g of isopropyl palmitate, 10g of polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil and 4g of 1, 2-propylene glycol for later use;
2) placing the weighed polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil and 1, 2-propylene glycol on a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer at 37 +/-1 ℃ at room temperature, and uniformly stirring at 100 rpm;
3) placing the garlic oil and isopropyl palmitate weighed in the step 1) on a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer at the temperature of 37 +/-1 ℃ at room temperature, and uniformly stirring at 100 rpm;
4) slowly dropwise adding the mixture obtained in the step 3) into the mixture obtained in the step 2), and uniformly stirring at 100rpm to obtain a clear, transparent and light orange oily self-microemulsion.
Example 2
Garlic oil self-microemulsion formula optimization experiment
First, investigation of solubility of garlic oil in raw and auxiliary materials
Accurately weighing 1g of isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate, caprylic/capric triglyceride, tween80, polyoxyethylene 40 castor oil, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, polyoxyethylene 40 hydrogenated castor oil, glycerol, 1, 2-propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400 respectively, adding equivalent garlic oil, mixing, standing at room temperature for 2 days, centrifuging (4500r/min, 10min), and observing the dissolution condition of the garlic oil. Experimental observation shows that the garlic oil, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate and caprylic/capric triglyceride are mutually soluble and can be used as oil phases. The polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil and tween80 are soluble in garlic oil and can be used as surfactant. The 1, 2-propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400 are mutually soluble with the garlic oil and can be used as cosurfactant.
Second, screening and optimizing the formula
2.1 triphase compatibility examination
And (4) carrying out three-phase compatibility investigation on the screened oil phase, the surfactant and the cosurfactant. Mixing the oil phase and oleum Bulbus Allii uniformly, mixing with surfactant and cosurfactant at ratio of 2:6:2(W/W/W), standing at room temperature for 24 hr, and observing layering condition. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Garlic oil self-microemulsion three-phase compatibility investigation result
| Serial number | Formulation of | After 24 hours |
| 1 | Mixed oil phase (IPP: GO)/1, 2-propanediol/Tween 80 | No separation, and blue-white solution after self-emulsification |
| 2 | Mixed oil phase (IPM: GO)/1, 2-propanediol/Tween 80 | Layering |
| 3 | Mixed oil phase (GTCC: GO)/1, 2-propanediol/Tween 80 | Layering |
| 4 | GO/1, 2-propanediol/Tween 80 | Layering |
| 5 | Mixed oil phase (IPP: GO)/PEG400/Tween 80 | Layering |
| 6 | Mixed oil phase (IPM: GO)/PEG400/Tween 80 | Layering |
| 7 | Mixed oil phase (GTCC: GO)/PEG400/Tween 80 | Layering |
| 8 | GO/PEG400/Tween 80 | Layering |
| 9 | Mixed oil phase (IPM: GO)/1, 2-propanediol/EL-35 | No demixing, clarification and transparency after self-emulsification |
| 10 | Mixed oil phase (IPP: GO)/1, 2-propanediol/EL-35 | No demixing, clarification and transparency after self-emulsification |
| 11 | Mixed oil phase (GTCC: GO)/1, 2-propanediol/EL-35 | Layering |
| 12 | GO/1,2 propanediol/EL-35 | Layering |
| 13 | Mixed oil phase (IPM: GO)/PEG400/EL-35 | Layering |
| 14 | Mixed oil phase (IPP: GO)/PEG400/EL-35 | Layering |
| 15 | Mixed oil phase (GTCC: GO)/PEG400/EL-35 | Layering |
| 16 | GO/PEG400/EL-35 | Layering |
Note: isopropyl palmitate (IPP), isopropyl myristate (IPM), caprylic/capric triglyceride (GTCC), Tween80 (Tween80), polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil (EL-35), 1, 2-propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400(PEG400), and Garlic Oil (GO).
The results show that Tween 80/1,2 propylene glycol/IPP/GO, EL-35/1,2 propylene glycol/IPM/GO, EL-35/1 and 2 propylene glycol/IPP/GO have good compatibility.
2.2 drawing of pseudo-ternary phase diagram for formulation
The surfactant and the cosurfactant in the three formulas are uniformly mixed according to the proportion of 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1(w/w), and then the prepared mixture and the mixed oil phase are uniformly mixed according to the proportion of 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1 (w/w). Each formula is dripped into distilled water with the temperature of 37 ℃ which is 100 times of that of the formula, and the mixture is stirred by magnetic force at the speed of 60r/min for self-emulsification. The formula capable of forming colorless transparent or transparent blue-emitting microemulsion is screened out, a mixed oil phase, SA and CO SA are taken as vertexes, a pseudo-ternary phase diagram is drawn by using origin8.0, the formula with the largest area is screened out to be EL-35/1,2 propylene glycol/IPP/GO by comparing the area size of the pseudo-ternary phase diagram microemulsion, and the IPP and GO are 1:1, and the result is shown in the attached figure 1.
2.3D-optimum compounding design optimization formula proportion
Design D-optimum blend Design ratio was designed using Design Expert 6.0.5, dependent variables were mass ratios of the oil blend phase (A), EL-35(B), 1, 2-propanediol (C), and response values were average particle diameter (Y1), PDI (Y2), and light transmittance (Y3). Referring to the result of the pseudo ternary phase diagram, the total amount of SA, CO SA and the mixed oil phase is 100%, the mixed oil phase is 10-30%, the EL-35 is 20-70%, and the 1, 2-propylene glycol is 20-70%. Preparing the garlic oil self-microemulsion according to the D-optimal mixture design proportion, measuring the light transmittance (T%) of the solution by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer after self-emulsification, and measuring the particle size and PDI of the microemulsion by using a particle size and potential measuring instrument, wherein a table 2 shows a design scheme and a response value result.
TABLE 2D-optimal compounding design and results
According to the characteristics of the self-microemulsion preparation, the numerical optimization function of Design Expert is applied, the average particle size is set to be 20-40nm, the PDI is less than 0.2, the larger the light transmittance is, the better the light transmittance is, the optimal value range is, and the optimal formula of the garlic oil self-microemulsion is predicted to be a mixed oil phase: EL-35: 1,2 propylene glycol-30: 50: 20. Garlic oil self-microemulsions were prepared according to the formulation and verified as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 verification test for garlic oil self-microemulsion formulation optimization
| Response value | Prediction value | Measured mean value | Deviation/%) |
| Particle size/nm | 32.609 | 29.683±0.247 | 8.973 |
| PDI | 0.179506 | 0.179667±0.006 | -0.089 |
| Transmittance (a) | 94.200 | 95.863±0.146 | -1.765 |
The results show that the absolute values of the deviations of the indices in the table are < 10%. The experimental model equation has good prediction effect, and can better describe the relationship between the dependent variable and the response value. Determining the optimal formula of the garlic oil self-microemulsion as IPP: GO: EL-35: 1, 2-propanediol-3: 3:10: 4.
Example 3
And (3) determining the allicin content:
performing content measurement on the prepared garlic oil self-microemulsion by using a High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method, wherein an Agilent 1260 series high performance liquid chromatograph and a Kromasil C18 column (5 mu m, 4.6mm multiplied by 200mm) are adopted, a mobile phase is acetonitrile-water (68:32), the detection wavelength is 228nm, the flow rate is 1.0mL/min, the column temperature is 25 ℃, and the sample injection amount is as follows: 20 μ L.
Establishment of a standard curve: weighing 3mg of allicin reference substance, placing in a beaker, adding methanol to dissolve, pouring into a 25mL volumetric flask to constant volume to obtain an allicin standard stock solution (120 mug/mL), and refrigerating for storage. Methanol solution was added before the assay and diluted in a gradient to 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84. mu.g/mL standard stock solutions. Filtering with 0.22 μm microporous membrane, introducing sample under the above chromatographic conditions, recording peak area, and performing linear regression on garlicin concentration with peak area to obtain standard curve equation.
Weighing 0.1g of garlic oil self-microemulsion, adding methanol for ultrasonic demulsification, centrifuging, taking supernatant, transferring into a 10mL volumetric flask for constant volume, injecting through a 0.22 mu m microporous membrane, recording peak area, and calculating the garlicin content by a standard curve.
Example 4
In vitro evaluation of garlic oil self-microemulsions
1.1 appearance morphology investigation
The garlic oil is a clear and transparent viscous liquid from microemulsion; after being emulsified by water, the garlic oil microemulsion which is clear, transparent and slightly bluish opalescent is formed and has good fluidity.
1.2 Transmission Electron microscopy to observe emulsion droplet morphology
A proper amount of the garlic oil self-microemulsion is dripped on a copper mesh, and the garlic oil self-microemulsion is naturally dried and then is observed under a transmission electron microscope, and the result shows that spherical emulsion droplets with uniform size can be formed, as shown in figure 2.
1.3 high speed centrifugation test
Taking garlic oil from 10mL of microemulsion, centrifuging at 4500r/min for 10min at high speed, and observing whether the emulsion is layered. The result shows that the garlic oil is clear and transparent after high-speed centrifugation of the self-microemulsion and has no layering phenomenon.
1.4 particle size and PDI
Taking a proper amount of the garlic oil self-microemulsion, and determining a particle size distribution diagram (figure 3) and PDI by using a particle size and potential measuring instrument. As a result, the garlic oil self-microemulsion has the average particle size (29.683 +/-0.247) nm, PDI (0.179667 +/-0.006) and uniform particle size distribution.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The garlic oil self-microemulsion is characterized by comprising isopropyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, 1, 2-propylene glycol and garlic oil, wherein the mass ratio of the isopropyl palmitate to the polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil to the 1, 2-propylene glycol to the garlic oil is 10-30: 20-70: 20-70: 10-30.
2. The garlic oil self-microemulsion of claim 1, wherein the garlic oil self-microemulsion has a mass ratio of isopropyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, 1, 2-propanediol and garlic oil of 15: 50: 20: 15.
3. a process for the preparation of a garlic oil self-microemulsion according to any one of claims 1-2, which comprises the steps of:
(1) respectively weighing isopropyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, 1, 2-propylene glycol and garlic oil according to the required mass ratio for later use;
(2) adding polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil into 1, 2-propylene glycol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution a;
(3) adding isopropyl palmitate into garlic oil, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution b;
(4) slowly dripping the mixed solution b into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the clear and transparent garlic oil self-microemulsion.
4. The method for preparing a garlic oil self-microemulsion according to claim 3, wherein the stirring conditions in the steps (2) to (4) are constant temperature water bath stirring at 37 ± 5 ℃.
5. The method for preparing a garlic oil self-microemulsion according to claim 4, wherein the stirring conditions in the steps (2) to (4) are 37 ± 1 ℃ in a thermostatic water bath.
6. The method for preparing a garlic oil self-microemulsion according to claim 3, wherein the stirring rate in the steps (2) to (4) is 80 to 120 r/min.
7. The method for preparing a garlic oil self-microemulsion according to claim 6, wherein the stirring rate in the steps (2) to (4) is 100 r/min.
8. The use of a garlic oil self-microemulsion according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the use is as a pharmaceutical preparation or health product for direct oral administration, or for oral or topical administration of a microemulsion of garlic oil diluted to different concentrations.
9. The use of a garlic oil self-microemulsion according to claim 8, wherein the dilution method is: and (3) dripping ultrapure water into the garlic oil self-microemulsion while stirring.
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| CN101190182A (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-04 | 北京大学 | Self-emulsifying composition |
| CN103800287A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-21 | 李忠久 | Preparation method of dially trisulfide (DATS) self-microemulsion |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101190182A (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-04 | 北京大学 | Self-emulsifying composition |
| CN103800287A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-21 | 李忠久 | Preparation method of dially trisulfide (DATS) self-microemulsion |
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