CN111920587A - Degradable composite absorption core, preparation method thereof and application thereof in paper diapers - Google Patents

Degradable composite absorption core, preparation method thereof and application thereof in paper diapers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111920587A
CN111920587A CN202010836172.8A CN202010836172A CN111920587A CN 111920587 A CN111920587 A CN 111920587A CN 202010836172 A CN202010836172 A CN 202010836172A CN 111920587 A CN111920587 A CN 111920587A
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polylactic acid
composite
fiber
degradable
melt
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CN111920587B (en
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钱程
方瑞峰
韩万里
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Jiaxing University
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Jiaxing University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15617—Making absorbent pads from fibres or pulverulent material with or without treatment of the fibres
    • A61F13/15658—Forming continuous, e.g. composite, fibrous webs, e.g. involving the application of pulverulent material on parts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/496—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers in the form of pants or briefs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F2013/15821—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing characterized by the apparatus for manufacturing
    • A61F2013/15861—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing characterized by the apparatus for manufacturing for bonding
    • A61F2013/15878—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing characterized by the apparatus for manufacturing for bonding by thermal bonding
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
    • A61F2013/530182—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the connection between the fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
    • A61F2013/530379—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp comprising mixtures of fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
    • A61F2013/530489—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being randomly mixed in with other material
    • A61F2013/530496—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being randomly mixed in with other material being fixed to fibres

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a degradable composite absorption core, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in paper diapers, and relates to the technical field of disposable sanitary products. According to the preparation method of the degradable composite absorption core, through preparation of the composite polylactic acid fiber web, forming of the polylactic acid superfine fiber web, compounding of the polylactic acid fiber web, uniform spraying of the super absorbent resin, uniform distribution of the super absorbent resin on the composite polylactic acid fiber web under ultrasonic vibration and other preparation processes, a method of firstly thermally reinforcing and then spraying the super absorbent resin is adopted to avoid thermal damage to the super absorbent resin, and the prepared composite absorption core has a large number of pores, so that the utilization rate of the super absorbent resin is improved; the fiber layers of the composite absorption core body are integrated through PLA/PLA fiber hot melt and polylactic acid superfine fiber self-adhesive consolidation, and the integrated processing of the fiber layers in the composite absorption core body is realized without using non-degradable hot melt adhesive, so that the composite absorption core body has stronger degradable performance and excellent product comprehensive performance.

Description

Degradable composite absorption core, preparation method thereof and application thereof in paper diapers
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of disposable sanitary products, in particular to a degradable composite absorption core body, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in paper diapers.
Background
Statistically, about 2 million used diapers per minute are discarded in the united states on average; in the uk, as many as thirty-one billion diapers are discarded every year, producing about 100 million tons of waste, and as much as 2000 million tons of waste such as diapers, nursing pads and the like are discarded every year around the world. In China, 700 billion sanitary towels are produced annually, 120 billion paper diapers are produced annually, the consumption of nursing pads reaches 38 billion sheets each year, the volume of bulky white garbage is over 350 million tons every year, the number of the garbage is increased year by year along with the aging process of population, the population of women and infants is increased, the trend of increasing year by year is shown, undoubtedly, white pollution produced by the disposable medical and sanitary nursing articles becomes the third largest garbage source only after the packaging of newspapers and food and beverage, and therefore the degradability of the disposable sanitary articles is very important for the global sustainable development.
The paper diaper mainly comprises three parts, namely surface layer non-woven fabric, a middle composite core body absorption layer and a bottom impermeable film, wherein degradation of the surface layer non-woven fabric and the bottom impermeable film is reported by related data, for example, the invention patent CN201910966065.4 discloses the paper diaper with the breathable degradation film; the invention patent CN201611037079.0 discloses an antibacterial soft easily degradable paper diaper and a preparation method thereof; the invention patent CN201610167065.4 discloses a preparation method of polylactic acid biodegradable non-woven fabric for a surface coating layer of a sanitary article; the invention patent CN201910966065.4 discloses a paper diaper with a breathable degradable film; the invention patent CN201410173821.5 discloses a full-degradable environment-friendly paper diaper; the invention patent CN201710032338.9 discloses a biodegradable baby diaper and a preparation method thereof.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the related art has at least the following problems:
the degradable paper diaper preparation method provided by the prior art is designed for degrading non-woven fabric surface and bottom impermeable films of the paper diaper, but the degradation design of the absorption core body cannot be realized, and the mass proportion of the absorption core body in the paper diaper is generally 2/3, so that the degradable capability of the existing paper diaper is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a degradable composite absorption core body, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in paper diapers. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method of making a degradable composite absorbent core, the method comprising:
1) selecting three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 60-68mm multiplied by 13-17D, the crimp number of 16-20/25 mm and the crimp degree of 13-18 percent, and preparing a composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product together with PLA/PLA bicomponent fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 60-68mm multiplied by 6.28-6.83dtex and the crimp number of 5-9/25 mm;
2) sending the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product into a three-section type oven for thermal bonding reinforcement, and then sending the semi-finished product into a cooling channel for cooling to obtain a material with the gram weight of 100-2The composite polylactic acid fiber web is 2-5mm in thickness and 1.1m in width, and the heating temperatures of the three-section type oven are set as follows in sequence: the first section is 100-110 ℃, the second section is 120-130 ℃, and the third section is 90-100 ℃;
3) spraying polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder on the upper surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber net by using a powder spraying device, and conveying the sprayed composite polylactic acid fiber net to a net forming curtain of a melt-blown superfine fiber net forming area through an ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain; the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 40-60 meshes, the height between the spraying device and the composite polylactic acid fiber net is 25cm, and the spraying amount of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 150-300 g/m-2The vibration frequency of the ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain is 3150-4660 times/s;
4) selecting a polylactic acid slice with a melt index of 75-80g/10min, and carrying out vacuum drying pretreatment on the polylactic acid slice to obtain a polylactic acid slice with a water content of 0.005%, wherein the working parameters of the vacuum drying pretreatment procedure comprise: the drying temperature is 70-75 ℃, the vacuum degree is 10-12pa, and the drying time is 4-6 h;
5) the polylactic acid slices subjected to vacuum drying pretreatment are pumped to a feeding system in vacuum, the polylactic acid slices are melted and extruded by a screw extruder, the polylactic acid slices enter a melt-blown die head system after passing through a screen changer and a metering pump, polylactic acid superfine fibers are obtained by spraying of the melt-blown die head system, the polylactic acid superfine fibers are directly sprayed on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web on the web forming curtain and are bonded with the polylactic acid fibers on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web to form a semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body, the screw extruder comprises a feeding area, a melting area and a metering compression area, the temperature of the feeding area is 110-, the pressure of the melt-blown die head system is 3.1-4.2MPa, the temperature of the hot air flow for drawing when the polylactic acid superfine fiber is formed is 250-270 ℃, the airflow rate of the hot air flow for drawing is 0.75-0.9Ma, and the negative pressure suction air quantity generated at the bottom of the web-forming curtain is 9500-11000m3The fineness of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 8.5-10.6 mu m, and the gram weight of a polylactic acid superfine fiber web formed by the polylactic acid superfine fiber in the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbent core body is 25-40g/m2；
6) And feeding the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a conveying long curtain for cooling, cutting the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a preset width size by a splitting machine, and winding to obtain a finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body.
Preferably, the preparation method of the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product comprises the following steps:
1) respectively carrying out hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber by adopting a spraying method, and then respectively standing for 24 hours at room temperature to ensure that the content of the hydrophilic softening oil agent on the surfaces of the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber is 1-4.5%, wherein the hydrophilic softening oil agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: softening agent: penetrant JFC: 8-12% of water: 6-10%: 0.5-1%: 77-86%, the pH value of the hydrophilic softening oil agent is adjusted to 6-7 by acetic acid, and the spraying amount of the hydrophilic softening oil agent is 20-50 g/kg;
2) and (3) performing hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber according to the weight ratio of 15-30: 70-85, after opening and mixing, vibrating to feed cotton, carding and airflow net stripping process, forming a polylactic acid fiber net with fibers distributed in three-dimensional, when the airflow net stripping process is carried out, unreeling lower degradable non-woven fabric, directly stacking the polylactic acid fiber net on the lower degradable non-woven fabric to form a composite polylactic acid fiber net semi-finished product, wherein the working parameters adopted by the opening and mixing, vibrating to feed cotton, carding and airflow net stripping process comprise: the cylinder speed is 760-810m/min, the working roll linear speed is 51-68m/min, the stripping roll linear speed is 130-148m/min, and the suction fan speed adopted in the airflow mesh stripping process is 920-1250r/min, so that the fiber content of the unit suction airflow volume is 4.1-6.4g/m3。
Preferably, the absorption capacity of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder for absorbing pure water is 400-500, the absorption capacity for absorbing urine is 40, and the pH value is 6-7.
Preferably, the lower degradable non-woven fabric is a polylactic acid spun-bonded non-woven fabric, and the weight of the polylactic acid spun-bonded non-woven fabric is 25gsm and is water repellent.
Preferably, the powder scattering device is a vibrating powder scattering machine, the vibrating frequency of the vibrating powder scattering machine is 40Hz, the bottom screen is two layers, the mesh number of the upper layer screen is 20-30 meshes, the mesh number of the lower layer screen is 30-40 meshes, and the running speed of the powder scattering machine is 3-5 m/min.
Preferably, the polylactic acid slice has a slice model number of 6252D, a specific gravity of 1.24, a relative viscosity of 2.5 pas and a melt density of 1.08g/cm3The glass transition temperature is 55-60 ℃, and the crystallization melt temperature is 160-170 ℃.
Preferably, the length-diameter ratio of the screw extruder is 30: 1, compression ratio of 3: 1.
preferably, the diameter of a spinneret plate of the melt-blowing die head system is 0.5mm, the hole spacing is 0.9mm, the width of a melt-blowing die head on the melt-blowing die head system is 1200mm, and the air permeability of the net forming curtain is 9805m3/h·m2The transmission speed of the web forming curtain is 8.9Hz, and the distance between the melt-blowing die head and the web forming curtain is 58 cm.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a degradable composite absorbent core, wherein the degradable composite absorbent core is obtained by any of the above methods for preparing the degradable composite absorbent core.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a use of the degradable composite absorbent core as described above, the degradable composite absorbent core is used for manufacturing a diaper.
Compared with the prior art, the degradable composite absorption core, the preparation method thereof and the application thereof in the paper diaper have the following advantages:
1) is biodegradable. The composite absorption core body used by the existing paper diaper is usually formed by compounding PE/PP fiber hot air non-woven fabrics and acrylate super absorbent resin through hot melt adhesive, and all the materials are nondegradable. The degradable composite absorption core body provided by the invention adopts two materials, namely polylactic acid and PVA, the polylactic acid fiber takes starch in plants such as corn and wheat as raw materials, glucose is obtained by enzymatic decomposition, the starch is changed into lactic acid after lactic acid bacteria fermentation, a plurality of lactic acid molecules are dehydrated and condensed together to form polylactic acid, and the polylactic acid fiber is prepared by spinning, is a biomass fiber which can be completely degraded, is faintly acid, is consistent with the pH value of human skin, and has good skin-friendly property; PVA is also a biodegradable material, the degradability of PVA can be realized by specific degrading enzymes, and both materials are biodegradable, so that the degradable composite absorption core prepared by the invention has stronger degradability.
2) Does not contain hot melt adhesive. The five-layer structure of the composite core body for the existing paper diaper is compounded by spraying hot melt adhesive between layers, and the absorption capacity of the composite core body is reduced because Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) is wrapped by the hot melt adhesive; the degradable composite absorption core body provided by the invention is integrated by the hot melting of PLA/PLA fiber and the self-adhesive consolidation of polylactic acid superfine fiber, SAP is uniformly sprayed in a vibration mode, and meanwhile, the SAP is uniformly distributed in a polylactic acid fiber net through the high-frequency vibration of ultrasonic waves, so that more and good water absorption swelling spaces are provided for the SAP, and no agglomeration and retardation are generated after water absorption, so that the utilization rate of the SAP is high.
3) The comfort is good, and the production and processing are convenient. The surface of the degradable composite absorption core body provided by the invention is the polylactic acid superfine fiber, so that the degradable composite absorption core body has better soft touch feeling, meanwhile, the polylactic acid fiber net is made of three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and PLA/PLA fiber through air-laid net, the fiber is arranged in the fiber net in a three-dimensional manner, the fiber net is soft, fluffy and good in air permeability, the comfort of the paper diaper is improved, the production technology and the production method can be realized by recombining the existing production equipment, and the implementation is convenient.
In summary, the degradable composite absorbent core, the preparation method thereof and the application thereof in the paper diaper provided by the invention are characterized in that the preparation of the composite polylactic acid fiber web with fibers in three-dimensional distribution, the formation of the polylactic acid superfine fiber web, the compounding of the polylactic acid superfine fiber web and the polylactic acid fiber web in three-dimensional distribution, the uniform spraying of the super absorbent resin, the selection of the production technologies such as the uniform distribution of the super absorbent resin in the composite polylactic acid fiber web under the ultrasonic vibration, and the like are adopted, and meanwhile, the processes of firstly heat strengthening and then spraying the super absorbent resin are selected, so that the thermal damage to the super absorbent resin is avoided, and in addition, more pores exist in the polylactic acid fiber web and the polylactic acid superfine fiber web in three-dimensional distribution, and the plurality of pores contain the super absorbent resin, so that a swelling space is provided for the super absorbent core, the utilization rate of the composite absorbent core to SAP is improved, the absorption capacity of the composite absorbent core is improved, and the fiber layers of the composite The fibers are integrated through self-adhesion and consolidation, so that the integrated processing of all fiber layers in the composite absorption core body is realized without using non-degradable hot melt adhesive, and the prepared composite absorption core body has strong degradability and excellent product comprehensive performance.
The degradable composite absorption core provided by the invention has stronger biodegradability and good absorbability, does not contain hot melt adhesive, has high utilization rate of super absorbent resin, is good in comfort, sanitary, healthy and environment-friendly, is an updating product of disposable sanitary products, and is very beneficial to the sustainable development of the society.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a method flow diagram illustrating a method of making a degradable composite absorbent core according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a method flow diagram illustrating a method of making a degradable composite absorbent core according to an exemplary embodiment, the method of making the degradable composite absorbent core, as shown in fig. 1, comprising:
step (1): selecting three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 60-68mm multiplied by 13-17D, the crimp number of 16-20/25 mm and the crimp degree of 13-18 percent, and preparing a composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product together with PLA/PLA bicomponent fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 60-68mm multiplied by 6.28-6.83dtex and the crimp number of 5-9/25 mm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product comprises the following steps:
(a) respectively carrying out hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber by adopting a spraying method, and then respectively standing for 24 hours at room temperature to ensure that the content of the hydrophilic softening oil agent on the surfaces of the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber is 1-4.5%, wherein the hydrophilic softening oil agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: softening agent: penetrant JFC: 8-12% of water: 6-10%: 0.5-1%: 77-86%, the pH value of the hydrophilic softening oil agent is adjusted to 6-7 by acetic acid, and the spraying amount of the hydrophilic softening oil agent is 20-50 g/kg;
(b) and (3) performing hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber according to the weight ratio of 15-30: 70-85, after opening and mixing, vibrating to feed cotton, carding and airflow net stripping process, forming a polylactic acid fiber net with fibers distributed in three-dimensional, when the airflow net stripping process is carried out, unreeling lower degradable non-woven fabric, directly stacking the polylactic acid fiber net on the lower degradable non-woven fabric to form a composite polylactic acid fiber net semi-finished product, wherein the working parameters adopted by the opening and mixing, vibrating to feed cotton, carding and airflow net stripping process comprise: the cylinder speed is 760-810m/min, the working roll linear speed is 51-68m/min, the stripping roll linear speed is 130-148m/min, and the suction fan speed adopted in the airflow mesh stripping process is 920-1250r/min, so that the fiber content of the unit suction airflow volume is 4.1-6.4g/m3。
The spraying amount of the hydrophilic softening oil agent refers to the gram of the hydrophilic softening oil agent sprayed per kilogram of the fiber.
Preferably, the lower degradable non-woven fabric is a polylactic acid spun-bonded non-woven fabric, and the weight of the polylactic acid spun-bonded non-woven fabric is 25gsm and is water repellent.
Step (2): sending the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product into a three-section type oven for thermal bonding reinforcement, and then sending the semi-finished product into a cooling channel for cooling to obtain a material with the gram weight of 100-2The composite polylactic acid fiber web is 2-5mm in thickness and 1.1m in width, and the heating temperatures of the three-section type oven are set as follows in sequence: the first section is 100-110 ℃, the second section is 120-130 ℃, and the third section is 90-100 ℃.
And (3): spraying polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder on the upper surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber net by using a powder spraying device, and then spraying the powder on the composite polylactic acid fiber netConveying the lactic acid fiber web to a web forming curtain of a melt-blown superfine fiber web forming area through an ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain; the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 40-60 meshes, the height between the spraying device and the composite polylactic acid fiber net is 25cm, and the spraying amount of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 150-300 g/m-2The vibration frequency of the ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain is 3150 and 4660 times/s.
After the composite polylactic acid fiber web is subjected to ultrasonic high-frequency vibration treatment of the ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain, the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is uniformly dispersed in the inner pores of the composite polylactic acid fiber web.
Preferably, the absorption capacity of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder for absorbing pure water is 400-500, the absorption capacity for absorbing urine is 40, and the pH value is 6-7.
Preferably, the powder scattering device is a vibrating powder scattering machine, the vibrating frequency of the vibrating powder scattering machine is 40Hz, the bottom screen is two layers, the mesh number of the upper layer screen is 20-30 meshes, the mesh number of the lower layer screen is 30-40 meshes, and the running speed of the powder scattering machine is 3-5 m/min.
And (4): selecting a polylactic acid slice with a melt index of 75-80g/10min, and carrying out vacuum drying pretreatment on the polylactic acid slice to obtain a polylactic acid slice with a water content of 0.005%, wherein the working parameters of the vacuum drying pretreatment procedure comprise: the drying temperature is 70-75 ℃, the vacuum degree is 10-12pa, and the drying time is 4-6 h.
Preferably, the polylactic acid slice has a slice model number of 6252D, a specific gravity of 1.24, a relative viscosity of 2.5 pas and a melt density of 1.08g/cm3The glass transition temperature is 55-60 ℃, and the crystallization melt temperature is 160-170 ℃.
And (5): vacuum pumping the polylactic acid slices subjected to vacuum drying pretreatment to a feeding system, melting and extruding the polylactic acid slices by a screw extruder, then passing the polylactic acid slices through a screen changer and a metering pump, entering a melt-blowing die head system, and spraying the polylactic acid superfine fibers from the melt-blowing die head system to obtain polylactic acid superfine fibers, wherein the polylactic acid superfine fibers are directly sprayed on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web on the web forming curtain and are in contact with the polylactic acid fibers on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber webBonding the fibers together to form a semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbing core body, wherein the screw extruder comprises a feeding area, a melting area and a metering compression area, the temperature of the feeding area is 110-3The fineness of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 8.5-10.6 mu m, and the gram weight of a polylactic acid superfine fiber web formed by the polylactic acid superfine fiber in the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbent core body is 25-40g/m2。
Preferably, the length-diameter ratio of the screw extruder is 30: 1, compression ratio of 3: 1.
preferably, the diameter of a spinneret plate of the melt-blowing die head system is 0.5mm, the hole spacing is 0.9mm, the width of a melt-blowing die head on the melt-blowing die head system is 1200mm, and the air permeability of the net forming curtain is 9805m3/h·m2The transmission speed of the web forming curtain is 8.9Hz, and the distance between the melt-blowing die head and the web forming curtain is 58 cm.
And (6): and feeding the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a conveying long curtain for cooling, cutting the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a preset width size by a splitting machine, and winding to obtain a finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body.
To better illustrate the beneficial effects of the degradable composite absorbent core provided by the present invention, its preparation method and its application in diapers, the following examples 1-3 are shown for illustration:
example 1
Step (1): selecting three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 60mm multiplied by 13D, the crimp number of 16/25 mm and the crimp degree of 13 percent, and preparing a composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product together with PLA/PLA bicomponent fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 60mm multiplied by 6.28dtex and the crimp number of 5/25 mm, wherein the preparation method of the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product comprises the following steps:
(a) respectively carrying out hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber by adopting a spraying method, and then respectively standing for 24 hours at room temperature to ensure that the content of the hydrophilic softening oil agent on the surfaces of the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber is 1-2.2%, wherein the hydrophilic softening oil agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: softening agent: penetrant JFC: 8% of water: 6%: 0.5%: 85.5%, adjusting the pH value of the hydrophilic softening oil agent to 6-6.5 by acetic acid, and spraying the hydrophilic softening oil agent in an amount of 20 g/kg;
(b) and (3) performing hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber according to the weight ratio of 15: 85, after opening the mixture, the vibration is fed cotton, is combed and the air current is shelled the net process and is handled, form the polylactic acid fibre web that the fibre is three-dimensional distribution, when carrying out the air current and shell the net process, lower floor's degradable non-woven fabrics unreels, makes polylactic acid fibre web directly stack up in on the degradable non-woven fabrics of lower floor forms compound polylactic acid fibre web semi-manufactured goods, wherein, open the mixture, the vibration is fed cotton, is combed and the air current shells the working parameter that the net process adopted and includes: the cylinder speed is 760-m/min, the working roll linear speed is 51m/min, the stripping roll linear speed is 130m/min, and the suction fan speed adopted in the airflow mesh stripping process is 920r/min, so that the fiber content of the unit suction airflow volume is 4.1g/m3。
The lower degradable non-woven fabric is polylactic acid spun-bonded non-woven fabric, and the weight of the polylactic acid spun-bonded non-woven fabric is 25gsm and is water repellent.
Step (2): sending the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product into a three-section type oven for thermal bonding reinforcement, and sending the semi-finished product into a cooling channel for cooling to obtain the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product with the gram weight of 100g/m2The composite polylactic acid fiber web is 2mm in thickness and 1.1m in width, and the heating temperatures of the three-section type oven are set as follows in sequence: the first section is 100 ℃, the second section is 120 ℃ and the third section is 90 ℃.
And (3): spraying polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder on the upper surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber net by using a powder spraying device, and then spraying polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder on the upper surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber netConveying the powdered composite polylactic acid fiber web to a web forming curtain of a melt-blown superfine fiber web forming area through an ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain; the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 40-60 meshes, the height between the spraying device and the composite polylactic acid fiber net is 25cm, and the spraying amount of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 150g/m2The vibration frequency of the ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain is 3150 times/s.
The absorption rate of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder for absorbing pure water is 400, the absorption rate of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder for absorbing urine is 40, and the pH value is 6-7.
The powder spreading device is a vibrating type powder spreading machine, the vibrating frequency of the vibrating type powder spreading machine is 40Hz, the bottom screen is two layers, the mesh number of the upper layer screen is 20-30 meshes, the mesh number of the lower layer screen is 30-40 meshes, and the running speed of the powder spreading machine is 5 m/min.
And (4): selecting a polylactic acid slice with a melt index of 75g/10min, and carrying out vacuum drying pretreatment on the polylactic acid slice to obtain a polylactic acid slice with a water content of 0.005%, wherein the working parameters of the vacuum drying pretreatment procedure comprise: the drying temperature is 70 ℃, the vacuum degree is 10pa, and the drying time is 4 h.
The polylactic acid slice has a slice model of 6252D, a specific gravity of 1.24, a relative viscosity of 2.5 Pa.s, and a melt density of 1.08g/cm3The glass transition temperature was 55 ℃ and the crystalline melt temperature was 160 ℃.
And (5): the polylactic acid slices after vacuum drying pretreatment are pumped to a feeding system in vacuum, the polylactic acid slices are melted and extruded by a screw extruder, the polylactic acid slices enter a melt-blown die head system after passing through a screen changer and a metering pump, polylactic acid superfine fibers are obtained by spraying of the melt-blown die head system, the polylactic acid superfine fibers are directly sprayed on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web on the web forming curtain and are bonded with the polylactic acid fibers on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web to form a semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbing core, the screw extruder comprises a feeding area, a melting area and a metering compression area, the temperature of the feeding area is 110 ℃, the temperature of the melting area is 180 ℃, the temperature of the metering compression area is 190 ℃, and the frequency of the metering pump is 18Hz, the temperature of the melt-blowing die head system is 220 ℃, the pressure of the melt-blowing die head system is 3.1MPa, the temperature of the drafting hot air flow during the forming of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 250 ℃, the flow rate of the drafting hot air flow is 0.75Ma, and the negative pressure suction air flow generated at the bottom of the web-forming curtain is 9500-9890 m-3The fineness of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 8.5-9.6 mu m, and the gram weight of a polylactic acid superfine fiber web formed by the polylactic acid superfine fiber in the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbent core body is 25g/m2。
The length-diameter ratio of the screw extruder is 30: 1, compression ratio of 3: 1.
the diameter of a spinneret plate of the melt-blown die head system is 0.5mm, the hole spacing is 0.9mm, the width of a melt-blown die head on the melt-blown die head system is 1200mm, and the air permeability of the net forming curtain is 9805m3/h·m2The transmission speed of the web forming curtain is 8.9Hz, and the distance between the melt-blowing die head and the web forming curtain is 58 cm.
And (6): and feeding the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a conveying long curtain for cooling, cutting the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a preset width size by a splitting machine, and winding to obtain a finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body.
Example 2
Step (1): selecting three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 64mm multiplied by 13-17D, the crimp number of 18/25 mm and the crimp degree of 15 percent, and preparing a composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product together with PLA/PLA bicomponent fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 64mm multiplied by 6.67dtex and the crimp number of 7/25 mm, wherein the preparation method of the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product comprises the following steps:
(a) respectively carrying out hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber by adopting a spraying method, and then respectively standing for 24 hours at room temperature to ensure that the content of the hydrophilic softening oil agent on the surfaces of the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber is 2.3-3.5%, wherein the hydrophilic softening oil agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: softening agent: penetrant JFC: 10% of water: 8%: 0.8%: 81.2%, adjusting the pH value of the hydrophilic softening oil agent to 6.5-7 by acetic acid, and spraying the hydrophilic softening oil agent at 38 g/kg;
(b) and (3) performing hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber according to the weight ratio of 25: 75's quality ratio, after opening the process of mixing, vibration feeding cotton, carding and air current net stripping, form the polylactic acid fibre web that the fibre is three-dimensional distribution, when carrying out the air current net stripping process, lower floor's degradable non-woven fabrics unreels, makes polylactic acid fibre web directly stack in on the degradable non-woven fabrics of lower floor, form compound polylactic acid fibre web semi-manufactured goods, wherein, open the working parameter that the process of mixing, vibration feeding cotton, carding and air current net stripping adopted and include: the cylinder speed is 790m/min, the working roll linear speed is 58m/min, the stripping roll linear speed is 138m/min, and the suction fan speed adopted by the airflow mesh stripping process is 1030r/min, so that the fiber content of the unit suction airflow volume is 5.2g/m3。
The lower degradable non-woven fabric is polylactic acid spun-bonded non-woven fabric, and the weight of the polylactic acid spun-bonded non-woven fabric is 25gsm and is water repellent.
Step (2): sending the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product into a three-section type oven for thermal bonding reinforcement, and sending the semi-finished product into a cooling channel for cooling to obtain the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product with the gram weight of 150g/m2The composite polylactic acid fiber web with the thickness of 3.8mm and the width of 1.1m, and the heating temperatures of the three-section type oven are set as follows in sequence: the first section is 105 ℃, the second section is 130 ℃ and the third section is 100 ℃.
And (3): spraying polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder on the upper surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber net by using a powder spraying device, and conveying the sprayed composite polylactic acid fiber net to a net forming curtain of a melt-blown superfine fiber net forming area through an ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain; the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 50-60 meshes, the height between the spraying device and the composite polylactic acid fiber net is 25cm, and the spraying amount of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 200g/m2The vibration frequency of the ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain is 3980 times/s.
The absorption rate of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder for absorbing pure water is 450, the absorption rate of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder for absorbing urine is 40, and the pH value is 6-7.
The powder spreading device is a vibrating type powder spreading machine, the vibrating frequency of the vibrating type powder spreading machine is 40Hz, the bottom screen is two layers, the mesh number of the upper layer screen is 20-30 meshes, the mesh number of the lower layer screen is 30-40 meshes, and the running speed of the powder spreading machine is 4 m/min.
And (4): selecting a polylactic acid slice with a melt index of 78g/10min, and carrying out vacuum drying pretreatment on the polylactic acid slice to obtain a polylactic acid slice with a water content of 0.005%, wherein the working parameters of the vacuum drying pretreatment procedure comprise: the drying temperature is 73 ℃, the vacuum degree is 11pa, and the drying time is 5 h.
The polylactic acid slice has a slice model of 6252D, a specific gravity of 1.24, a relative viscosity of 2.5 Pa.s, and a melt density of 1.08g/cm3The glass transition temperature was 58 ℃ and the crystalline melt temperature was 165 ℃.
And (5): the polylactic acid slices after vacuum drying pretreatment are pumped to a feeding system in vacuum, the polylactic acid slices are melted and extruded by a screw extruder, the polylactic acid slices enter a melt-blown die head system after passing through a screen changer and a metering pump, polylactic acid superfine fibers are obtained by spraying of the melt-blown die head system, the polylactic acid superfine fibers are directly sprayed on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web on the web forming curtain and are bonded with the polylactic acid fibers on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web to form a semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbing core body, the screw extruder comprises a feeding area, a melting area and a metering compression area, the temperature of the feeding area is 130 ℃, the temperature of the melting area is 190 ℃, the temperature of the metering compression area is 200 ℃, the frequency of the metering pump is 20Hz, the temperature of the melt-blown die head system is 235 ℃, and the pressure of the melt-blown die head system is 3.5-3, the temperature of the hot air flow for drafting during the forming of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 260 ℃, the flow rate of the hot air flow for drafting is 0.78-0.82Ma, and the negative pressure suction air quantity generated at the bottom of the web forming curtain is 9890-10800m3Min, the fineness of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 9.6-10.2 mu m, and the gram weight of a polylactic acid superfine fiber web formed by the polylactic acid superfine fiber in the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbent core body is 32g/m2。
The length-diameter ratio of the screw extruder is 30: 1, compression ratio of 3: 1.
the diameter of a spinneret plate of the melt-blown die head system is 0.5mm, the hole spacing is 0.9mm, the width of a melt-blown die head on the melt-blown die head system is 1200mm, and the air permeability of the net forming curtain is 9805m3/h·m2The transmission speed of the web forming curtain is 8.9Hz, and the distance between the melt-blowing die head and the web forming curtain is 58 cm.
And (6): and feeding the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a conveying long curtain for cooling, cutting the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a preset width size by a splitting machine, and winding to obtain a finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body.
Example 3
Step (1): selecting three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 68mm multiplied by 17D, the crimp number of 20/25 mm and the crimp degree of 18 percent, and preparing a composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product together with PLA/PLA bicomponent fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 68mm multiplied by 6.83dtex and the crimp number of 9/25 mm, wherein the preparation method of the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product comprises the following steps:
(a) respectively carrying out hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber by adopting a spraying method, and then respectively standing for 24 hours at room temperature to ensure that the content of the hydrophilic softening oil agent on the surfaces of the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber is 3.5-4.5%, wherein the hydrophilic softening oil agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: softening agent: penetrant JFC: 12% of water: 10%: 1%: 77%, adjusting the pH value of the hydrophilic softening oil agent to 6-7 by acetic acid, wherein the spraying amount of the hydrophilic softening oil agent is 50 g/kg;
(b) and (3) performing hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber according to the ratio of 30: 70, after the processes of opening, mixing, vibrating, feeding cotton, carding and airflow web stripping are carried out, a polylactic acid fiber web with fibers distributed in a three-dimensional manner is formed, and when the process of airflow web stripping is carried out, the lower degradable non-woven fabric is unreeled, so that the polylactic acid fiber web is directly stacked on the lower degradable non-woven fabric to form a composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product, namely the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished productIn the process, the working parameters adopted by the procedures of opening mixing, oscillating cotton feeding, carding and airflow web stripping comprise: the cylinder speed is 810m/min, the working roll linear speed is 68m/min, the stripping roll linear speed is 148m/min, and the suction fan speed adopted by the airflow mesh stripping process is 1250r/min, so that the fiber content of the unit suction airflow volume is 6.4g/m3。
The lower degradable non-woven fabric is polylactic acid spun-bonded non-woven fabric, and the weight of the polylactic acid spun-bonded non-woven fabric is 25gsm and is water repellent.
Step (2): sending the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product into a three-section type oven for thermal bonding reinforcement, and sending the semi-finished product into a cooling channel for cooling to obtain the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product with the gram weight of 200g/m2The composite polylactic acid fiber web is 5mm in thickness and 1.1m in width, and the heating temperatures of the three-section type oven are set as follows in sequence: the first section is 110 ℃, the second section is 130 ℃ and the third section is 100 ℃.
And (3): spraying polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder on the upper surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber net by using a powder spraying device, and conveying the sprayed composite polylactic acid fiber net to a net forming curtain of a melt-blown superfine fiber net forming area through an ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain; the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 60 meshes, the height between the spraying device and the composite polylactic acid fiber net is 25cm, and the spraying amount of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 300g/m2The vibration frequency of the ultrasonic transmission vibration curtain is 4660 times/s.
The absorption rate of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder for absorbing pure water is 500, the absorption rate of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder for absorbing urine is 40, and the pH value is 6-7.
The powder spreading device is a vibrating type powder spreading machine, the vibrating frequency of the vibrating type powder spreading machine is 40Hz, the bottom screen is two layers, the mesh number of the upper layer screen is 20-30 meshes, the mesh number of the lower layer screen is 30-40 meshes, and the running speed of the powder spreading machine is 5 m/min.
And (4): selecting a polylactic acid slice with a melt index of 80g/10min, and carrying out vacuum drying pretreatment on the polylactic acid slice to obtain a polylactic acid slice with a water content of 0.005%, wherein the working parameters of the vacuum drying pretreatment procedure comprise: the drying temperature is 75 ℃, the vacuum degree is 12pa, and the drying time is 6 h.
The polylactic acid slice has a slice model of 6252D, a specific gravity of 1.24, a relative viscosity of 2.5 Pa.s, and a melt density of 1.08g/cm3The glass transition temperature was 60 ℃ and the crystalline melt temperature was 170 ℃.
And (5): the polylactic acid slices after vacuum drying pretreatment are pumped to a feeding system in vacuum, the polylactic acid slices are melted and extruded by a screw extruder, the polylactic acid slices enter a melt-blowing die head system after passing through a screen changer and a metering pump, polylactic acid superfine fibers are obtained by spraying of the melt-blowing die head system, the polylactic acid superfine fibers are directly sprayed on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web on the web forming curtain and are bonded with the polylactic acid fibers on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web to form a semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbing core body, the screw extruder comprises a feeding area, a melting area and a metering compression area, the temperature of the feeding area is 140 ℃, the temperature of the melting area is 200 ℃, the temperature of the metering compression area is 210 ℃, the frequency of the metering pump is 22Hz, the temperature of the melt-blowing die head system is 245 ℃, and the pressure of the melt-blowing die head system is 3.7-4, the temperature of the hot air flow for drafting during the forming of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 270 ℃, the flow rate of the hot air flow for drafting is 0.82-0.9Ma, and the negative pressure suction air quantity generated at the bottom of the web forming curtain is 10800-11000m3The fineness of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 9.6-10.6 mu m, and the gram weight of a polylactic acid superfine fiber web formed by the polylactic acid superfine fiber in the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbent core body is 40g/m2。
The length-diameter ratio of the screw extruder is 30: 1, compression ratio of 3: 1.
the diameter of a spinneret plate of the melt-blown die head system is 0.5mm, the hole spacing is 0.9mm, the width of a melt-blown die head on the melt-blown die head system is 1200mm, and the air permeability of the net forming curtain is 9805m3/h·m2The transmission speed of the web forming curtain is 8.9Hz, and the distance between the melt-blowing die head and the web forming curtain is 58 cm.
And (6): and feeding the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a conveying long curtain for cooling, cutting the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a preset width size by a splitting machine, and winding to obtain a finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body.
The degradable composite absorbent cores prepared in examples 1 to 3 were tested for thickness, rewet, saturated absorption, air permeability, and degradation performance, and compared with the conventional composite absorbent core test performance data, and the reference data of each performance test is shown in table one.
Wherein (1) the thickness test adopts YG (B) 141D type digital fabric thickness meter thickness, and the test method is carried out according to GB/T3820-1997 standard.
(2) The method for testing the back seepage amount comprises the following steps: measuring a 0.9% physiological saline test solution by using a measuring cylinder, pouring the physiological saline test solution into a funnel, enabling a lower opening of the funnel to face an operator, quickly opening a throttle of the funnel to the maximum, enabling the liquid to freely flow to the surface of a sample, starting timing, injecting the same amount of test solution again at 5min, quickly placing a mini 00mm filter paper with a known weight of M1 on the surface of a composite absorption core sample at 10min, simultaneously pressing 1.2kg of a pressing block on the filter paper, removing the pressing block after 1min, weighing M2 on the surface of the composite absorption core sample, and calculating the back-permeation quantity by using a formula of M (back-permeation quantity) = M2 (mass after imbibing the filter paper) -M1 (mass before imbibing the filter paper).
(3) The saturated absorption capacity test method comprises the following steps: measuring the wet weight A and the dried weight B of the nylon bag in advance; cutting a composite absorption core body with the length of 0.5m, and weighing and recording as C; after being filled into a nylon bag, the composite absorption core body is completely immersed into physiological saline with the concentration of 0.9 percent for 30 minutes; after soaking, hanging the mixture on a draining rack for 10 minutes; after 10 minutes, the weight of the composite absorbent core and the nylon bag as a whole was weighed and recorded as D, and the saturated absorption of the composite absorbent core = D-a-C.
(4) The air permeability test was carried out using a YG461D digital fabric air permeability gauge, the test method being carried out according to GB/T5453-1997 standard.
(5) The degradability test executes European Union EN13432:2000 Standard-test planning, testing, evaluation and certification of degradable packaging materials.
Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Conventional composite absorbent core
Thickness (mm) 2.05 3.9 5.15 7.2
Gram weight (g/m)2） 275 382 540 500
Return volume (g) 12.1 2.05 1.98 2.1
Saturated absorption capacity (g) 205 218 220 220
Air permeability (mm/s) 2310 2015 1953 1465
Evaluation of degradability Strong degradation performance Strong degradation performance Strong degradation performance Non-degradable
Watch 1
As can be seen from the comparison of various performance data shown in table one, compared with the conventional composite absorbent core, the degradable composite absorbent cores provided in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention all show better test values in terms of air permeability, rewet amount, and saturated absorption amount, and can completely satisfy the absorption and anti-seepage functions of the diaper. The invention adopts two biodegradable materials of polylactic acid and PVA as preparation raw materials, adopts polylactic acid melt-blown superfine fiber and polylactic acid fluffy fiber net for compounding, and the obtained composite absorption core body has good absorptivity and degradation performance, is soft and fluffy, does not use hot melt adhesive when a multilayer material is compounded, can better exert the absorption capacity of PVA super absorbent resin, and the super absorbent resin is not heated in the production process, the physical and mechanical properties of the super absorbent resin cannot be damaged at all, has better durability, can prolong the storage period of the paper diaper, and is a sanitary material with good use prospect.
In summary, the degradable composite absorbent core, the preparation method thereof and the application thereof in the paper diaper provided by the invention are characterized in that the preparation of the composite polylactic acid fiber web with fibers in three-dimensional distribution, the formation of the polylactic acid superfine fiber web, the compounding of the polylactic acid superfine fiber web and the polylactic acid fiber web in three-dimensional distribution, the uniform spraying of the super absorbent resin, the selection of the production technologies such as the uniform distribution of the super absorbent resin in the composite polylactic acid fiber web under the ultrasonic vibration, and the like are adopted, and meanwhile, the processes of firstly heat strengthening and then spraying the super absorbent resin are selected, so that the thermal damage to the super absorbent resin is avoided, and in addition, more pores exist in the polylactic acid fiber web and the polylactic acid superfine fiber web in three-dimensional distribution, and the plurality of pores contain the super absorbent resin, so that a swelling space is provided for the super absorbent core, the utilization rate of the composite absorbent core to SAP is improved, the absorption capacity of the composite absorbent core is improved, and the fiber layers of the composite The fiber is formed into a whole by self-adhesion and consolidation, so that the integrated processing of all fiber layers in the composite absorption core body is realized without using non-degradable hot melt adhesive, and the prepared composite absorption core body has stronger degradability and excellent product comprehensive performance, and is very suitable for the preparation and application of paper diapers.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing by way of general description, and specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof.

Claims (10)

1. A method of making a degradable composite absorbent core, the method comprising:
1) selecting three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 60-68mm multiplied by 13-17D, the crimp number of 16-20/25 mm and the crimp degree of 13-18 percent, and preparing a composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product together with PLA/PLA bicomponent fibers with the length multiplied by fineness of 60-68mm multiplied by 6.28-6.83dtex and the crimp number of 5-9/25 mm;
2) sending the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product into a three-section type oven for thermal bonding reinforcement, and then sending the semi-finished product into a cooling channel for cooling to obtain a material with the gram weight of 100-2The composite polylactic acid fiber web is 2-5mm in thickness and 1.1m in width, and the heating temperatures of the three-section type oven are set as follows in sequence: the first section is 100-110 ℃, the second section is 120-130 ℃, and the third section is 90-100 ℃;
3) spraying polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder on the upper surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber net by using a powder spraying device, and conveying the sprayed composite polylactic acid fiber net to a net forming curtain of a melt-blown superfine fiber net forming area through an ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain; the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 40-60 meshes, the height between the spraying device and the composite polylactic acid fiber net is 25cm, and the spraying amount of the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder is 150-300 g/m-2The vibration frequency of the ultrasonic conveying vibration curtain is 3150-4660 times/s;
4) selecting a polylactic acid slice with a melt index of 75-80g/10min, and carrying out vacuum drying pretreatment on the polylactic acid slice to obtain a polylactic acid slice with a water content of 0.005%, wherein the working parameters of the vacuum drying pretreatment procedure comprise: the drying temperature is 70-75 ℃, the vacuum degree is 10-12pa, and the drying time is 4-6 h;
5) vacuum pumping the polylactic acid slices subjected to vacuum drying pretreatment to a feeding system, melting and extruding the polylactic acid slices by a screw extruder, feeding the polylactic acid slices into a melt-blowing die head system after passing through a screen changer and a metering pump, spraying the polylactic acid superfine fibers by the melt-blowing die head system to obtain the polylactic acid superfine fibers, directly spraying the polylactic acid superfine fibers on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web on the web forming curtain, and bonding the polylactic acid superfine fibers with the polylactic acid fibers on the surface of the composite polylactic acid fiber web to form a semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbing core body, wherein the screw extruder comprises a feeding area, a melting area and a metering compression area, and the feeding area, theThe temperature of the feeding zone is 110-3The fineness of the polylactic acid superfine fiber is 8.5-10.6 mu m, and the gram weight of a polylactic acid superfine fiber web formed by the polylactic acid superfine fiber in the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorbent core body is 25-40g/m2；
6) And feeding the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a conveying long curtain for cooling, cutting the semi-finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body into a preset width size by a splitting machine, and winding to obtain a finished product of the degradable composite absorption core body.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
1) respectively carrying out hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber by adopting a spraying method, and then respectively standing for 24 hours at room temperature to ensure that the content of the hydrophilic softening oil agent on the surfaces of the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber is 1-4.5%, wherein the hydrophilic softening oil agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: softening agent: penetrant JFC: 8-12% of water: 6-10%: 0.5-1%: 77-86%, the pH value of the hydrophilic softening oil agent is adjusted to 6-7 by acetic acid, and the spraying amount of the hydrophilic softening oil agent is 20-50 g/kg;
2) and (3) performing hydrophilic softening treatment on the three-dimensional crimped polylactic acid fiber and the PLA/PLA bicomponent fiber according to the weight ratio of 15-30: 70-85, after the processes of opening and mixing, vibrating to feed cotton, carding and airflow net stripping, forming a polylactic acid fiber net with fibers in three-dimensional distribution, and unreeling the lower degradable non-woven fabric while the airflow net stripping process is carried out, so that the polylactic acid fiber net is directly stacked on the lower degradable non-woven fabric to form the polylactic acid fiber netThe composite polylactic acid fiber web semi-finished product comprises the following working parameters adopted in the procedures of opening and mixing, oscillating cotton feeding, carding and airflow web stripping: the cylinder speed is 760-810m/min, the working roll linear speed is 51-68m/min, the stripping roll linear speed is 130-148m/min, and the suction fan speed adopted in the airflow mesh stripping process is 920-1250r/min, so that the fiber content of the unit suction airflow volume is 4.1-6.4g/m3。
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol super absorbent resin powder has an absorption capacity of 400-500 for pure water, an absorption capacity of 40 for urine, and a pH of 6-7.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the lower degradable nonwoven fabric is a polylactic acid spunbonded nonwoven fabric having a weight of 25gsm and being water repellent.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the powdering device is a vibratory powdering machine having a vibration frequency of 40Hz, two screens at the bottom, an upper screen of 20-30 mesh and a lower screen of 30-40 mesh, and the running speed of the powdering machine is 3-5 m/min.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polylactic acid chip has a chip size of 6252D, a specific gravity of 1.24, a relative viscosity of 2.5 Pa-s, and a melt density of 1.08g/cm3The glass transition temperature is 55-60 ℃, and the crystallization melt temperature is 160-170 ℃.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the screw extruder has a length to diameter ratio of 30: 1, compression ratio of 3: 1.
8. the method of claim 1, wherein the melt blowing die system has a spinneret plate with a hole diameter of 0.5mm and a hole pitch of 0.9mm, and the melt blowing die system is melt blownThe width of the spray die head is 1200mm, and the air permeability of the net forming curtain is 9805m3/h·m2The transmission speed of the web forming curtain is 8.9Hz, and the distance between the melt-blowing die head and the web forming curtain is 58 cm.
9. A degradable composite absorbent core, wherein said degradable composite absorbent core is obtained by the method of any of claims 1-8.
10. The use of the degradable composite absorbent core of claim 9 in the manufacture of diapers.
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