CN111915512A

CN111915512A - Image processing system

Info

Publication number: CN111915512A
Application number: CN202010643733.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑文艺
Original assignee: GUANGZHOU FAMILY DOCTORS ONLINE INFORMATION CO Ltd
Current assignee: GUANGZHOU FAMILY DOCTORS ONLINE INFORMATION CO Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-06
Filing date: 2020-07-06
Publication date: 2020-11-10

Abstract

The invention discloses an image processing system, which comprises an image acquisition unit, an image processing unit connected with the output end of the image acquisition unit, and an image display unit connected with the output end of the image processing unit; the image acquisition unit comprises imaging equipment and an ultrasonic image acquisition unit; the image processing unit comprises a central processing unit, an ultrasonic signal processing unit and a self-adaptive MTI filtering processing unit; the central processing unit is in bidirectional connection with the ultrasonic signal processing unit; the ultrasonic signal processing unit comprises an amplifying circuit, an A/D conversion circuit and a beam circuit; the image display unit comprises an imaging quality judging unit and a final display unit connected with the imaging quality judging unit. The image processing system provided by the invention solves the problems that the existing filtering denoising method has poor denoising effect and small application range and has the phenomena of 'black holes' and 'isolated points' of a color image, reduces the difficulty of medical diagnosis and improves the accuracy of a diagnosis result.

Description

Image processing system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to an image processing system.

Background

The establishment of a good medical image processing system has important significance for improving the living quality of patients and improving the medical and scientific research level, and the quality requirement on ultrasonic image processing is continuously improved along with the wide application of ultrasonic diagnostic devices. Currently, when an ultrasonic image is acquired, a large amount of speckle noise exists in the acquired ultrasonic image due to an interference phenomenon. For such a situation, in the prior art, a filter with a fixed coefficient is usually adopted to perform filtering and denoising processing on received ultrasonic waves, but this method has a poor denoising effect and a small application range, and cannot avoid the occurrence of "isolated points" and "black holes" of an acquired color image, thereby increasing the difficulty of medical diagnosis and affecting the accuracy of a diagnosis result.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an image processing system, which solves the problems that the existing filtering denoising method has poor denoising effect and small application range and has the phenomena of 'black holes' and 'isolated points' of a color image, further reduces the difficulty of medical diagnosis and improves the accuracy of a diagnosis result.

In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides an image processing system, including:

the image acquisition unit, the image processing unit connected with the output end of the image acquisition unit, and the image display unit connected with the output end of the image processing unit;

the image acquisition unit comprises imaging equipment and an ultrasonic image acquisition unit arranged in the imaging equipment;

the image processing unit comprises a central processing unit, an ultrasonic signal processing unit and a self-adaptive MTI filtering processing unit; the central processing unit is in bidirectional connection with the ultrasonic signal processing unit; the ultrasonic signal processing unit comprises an amplifying circuit, an A/D conversion circuit connected with the amplifying circuit and a beam circuit connected with the A/D conversion circuit;

the image display unit comprises an imaging quality judging unit and a final display unit connected with the imaging quality judging unit.

Further, the image processing system further comprises a plurality of data buffers, and the data buffers are arranged between the image acquisition unit and the image processing unit, and between the image processing unit and the image display unit.

Further, the imaging quality determination unit includes a data comparator and a relay for comparing the signal magnitude.

Further, the adaptive MTI filtering processing unit is bidirectionally connected with the central processing unit.

Further, the adaptive MTI filtering processing unit comprises an input signal processing unit, a finite impulse response structure generating unit connected with the input signal processing unit, and an error signal processing unit connected with the finite impulse response structure generating unit, wherein the error signal processing unit comprises a filter coefficient correction factor generating unit and an adaptive filtering unit

Further, the imaging device is an X-ray machine or a CT scanner.

Further, the image display unit further comprises a color digital scan converter for extracting color signals of the image and converting the color signals into black and white digital signals.

Further, the image display unit displays image types of color images, black-and-white images, and mixed images.

Furthermore, the image acquisition unit further comprises a gray scale image collector, and the gray scale image collector is arranged in the imaging device.

Further, the system also comprises a plurality of network interfaces, and the type of the network interfaces is an optical fiber network interface.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention adopts the self-use filtering system to enable the whole system to finish automatic filtering and denoising according to the actual filtering coefficient, and performs mixing processing between the black-white image and the color image, thereby solving the problems that the existing filtering and denoising method has poor denoising effect, small application range and the phenomena of 'black holes' and 'isolated points' of the color image, further reducing the difficulty of medical diagnosis and improving the accuracy of the diagnosis result.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an image processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a block diagram of an imaging quality determination unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a block diagram of an adaptive MTI filtering processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an image capturing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention provides an image processing system 100, including:

the system comprises an image acquisition unit 10, an image processing unit 20 connected with the output end of the image acquisition unit, and an image display unit 30 connected with the output end of the image processing unit;

it can be understood that the output end of the image acquisition unit 10 is connected to the input end of the image processing unit 20, when the image acquisition unit 10 finishes acquiring the image, the data output is transmitted to the image processing unit 20, and after the image processing unit 20 finishes processing the image, the signal is transmitted to the image display unit 30 through the output end thereof, and finally, the processed image product is displayed.

The image processing system 100 further includes a plurality of data buffers, which are disposed between the units and play a role of data temporary storage, and in the field of computers, the buffers are buffer registers, which are divided into an input buffer and an output buffer. The former is used for temporarily storing data sent by an external device so that the processor can take the data away; the latter function is to temporarily store data sent by the processor to the peripheral. With the numerical control buffer, the CPU working at high speed and the peripheral working at low speed can be coordinated and buffered, and the synchronization of data transmission is realized.

Further, the image processing system 100 further includes a plurality of optical fiber network interfaces, and the optical fiber network interfaces connect the devices between the units through the interfaces to realize data transmission, wherein the optical fiber network interfaces belong to one of ethernet interfaces, and common types of ethernet interfaces further include RJ-45 interfaces, RJ-11 interfaces, FDDI interfaces, AUI interfaces, BNC interfaces, Console interfaces, and the like.

In this embodiment, the image acquisition unit 10 includes an imaging device 102, and an ultrasound image acquisition unit 101 disposed in the imaging device;

the ultrasonic diagnosis is a method for diagnosing diseases by displaying the reflection and attenuation rules of various organs and tissues in a human body to ultrasound through an oscillographic screen when waves generated by ultrasound are propagated in the human body. The ultrasonic wave has good directivity, and when the ultrasonic wave is transmitted in a human body, the ultrasonic wave encounters tissues and organs with different densities, namely, the phenomena of reflection, refraction, absorption and the like are generated. According to the distance, strength and attenuation of the echo displayed on the oscillographic screen and whether the attenuation is obvious or not, the moving functions of some internal organs in the body can be displayed, and whether the tissue organ contains liquid or gas or is a parenchyma tissue can be accurately identified. An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is widely used for observing or diagnosing blood flow of a living body, and the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus generates and displays blood flow information from reflected waves of ultrasonic waves by a Doppler method based on the Doppler effect, and as the blood flow information generated and displayed by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, there are a color Doppler image which is an ultrasonic image imaged by a color blood flow mapping method, a Doppler waveform (Doppler spectrum), and the like, and in the CFM method, ultrasonic waves are transmitted and received a plurality of times on a plurality of scanning lines, and in the CFM method, signals (clutter signals) from stationary tissues or slow-moving tissues are suppressed by applying an MTI filter to a data string at the same position, and signals from blood flow are extracted, and in the CFM method, for example, the velocity, and the velocity of blood flow are estimated from the blood flow signals, Blood flow information such as the variance of blood flow and the energy of blood flow is displayed as an ultrasound image (color doppler image) in which the distribution of the estimation result is two-dimensionally displayed in color, and a filter with fixed coefficients of a butterworth type filter or a polynomial regression filter is generally used as the MTI filter.

The ultrasound can be classified into an a-mode (oscillometric) method, a B-mode (imaging) method, an M-mode (echocardiographic) method, a fan-mode (two-dimensional echocardiographic) method, a doppler ultrasound method, and the like. In fact, the B-type method is divided into three types of line scan, fan scan and arc scan, i.e., the fan-type method should be included in the B-type method. The type A method is more commonly used, and the existence of abnormal lesions is judged according to the amplitude, wave number, wave sequence and the like of the oscillogram. It is reliable in diagnosing cerebral hematoma, cerebroma, cyst, chest and abdomen edema, early pregnancy, and hydatidiform mole. The type B method is most commonly used, and can obtain various section patterns of human viscera, and is effective for diagnosis of cranium, eyeball (such as retinal detachment), orbit, thyroid, liver (such as small liver cancer with diameter less than 1.5 cm), gallbladder, biliary tract, pancreas, spleen, obstetrics, gynecology, urology (kidney, bladder, prostate, scrotum), abdominal lump, abdominal cavity large blood vessel diseases (such as abdominal aortic aneurysm, inferior vena cava embolism), neck and limbs large blood vessel diseases. The graph is visual and clear, and small lesions are easy to find. The M-type method records the variation curve of echo distance between the probe and the chest wall (probe) according to the structural activities of the heart, etc. in vivo, and the characteristics of the heart wall, ventricular septum, heart cavity, valve, etc. can be clearly identified from the curve. An electrocardiogram and phonocardiogram display record are often added simultaneously to diagnose various heart diseases. For some diseases such as intra-atrial myxoma, the compliance rate of the method is extremely high. The fan-type method can obtain various section images of the heart, and different expressions of the systole and the diastole can be observed. Because the observed graph is relatively comprehensive, the diagnosis range greatly exceeds that of an M-type method, and the method is more detailed.

Further, the imaging device is an X-ray machine or a CT scanner.

The X-ray machine is a device for generating X-ray, which mainly comprises an X-ray bulb tube, an X-ray machine power supply, a control circuit and the like, wherein the X-ray bulb tube consists of a cathode filament (Cathod), an Anode target (Anode) and a vacuum glass tube, the X-ray machine power supply can be divided into a high-voltage power supply and a filament power supply, the filament power supply is used for heating the filament, the high-voltage output end of the high-voltage power supply is clamped at two ends of the cathode filament and the Anode target respectively, a high-voltage electric field is provided to accelerate active electrons on the filament to flow to the Anode target, a high-speed electron current is formed, 99% of the electrons are converted into heat after bombarding the Anode target surface, and 1% of the electrons generate. CT (computed tomography), namely electronic computed tomography, utilizes precisely collimated X-ray beams, gamma rays, ultrasonic waves and the like to perform section scanning one by one around a certain part of a human body together with a detector with extremely high sensitivity, has the characteristics of short scanning time, clear images and the like, and can be used for checking various diseases; the following can be classified according to the radiation used: x-ray CT (X-CT), gamma-ray CT (gamma-CT), and the like; when the CT scanner works, the instrument with extremely high sensitivity is used for measuring the human body according to the difference of the absorption and the transmittance of different tissues of the human body to X rays, then the data obtained by measurement is input into an electronic computer, and after the electronic computer processes the data, the cross section or the three-dimensional image of the part to be detected of the human body can be shot, and the tiny lesion of any part in the human body can be found.

In this embodiment, the image processing unit 20 includes a central processing unit 202, an ultrasonic signal processing unit 201, and an adaptive MTI filter processing unit 203; the central processing unit 202 is connected with the ultrasonic signal processing unit 201 in a bidirectional way; the central processing unit 202 and the adaptive MTI filter processing unit 203 are also connected in two directions. That is, the central processing unit 202 can realize data interaction with both the ultrasonic signal processing unit 201 and the adaptive MTI filter processing unit 203, and is not unidirectional transmission.

Further, the ultrasonic signal processing unit 201 includes an amplifying circuit 210, an a/D conversion circuit 211 connected to the amplifying circuit, and a beam circuit 212 connected to the a/D conversion circuit;

it is understood that the output of the amplifying circuit 210 is connected to the input of the a/D converting circuit 211, and the output of the a/D converting circuit 211 is connected to the input of the beam circuit 212. The acquired ultrasonic signals are amplified through an amplifying circuit, generally speaking, the input resistance of the amplifying circuit is very low and is only a few ohms to dozens of ohms generally, but the output resistance of the amplifying circuit is very high. The amplifier circuit can amplify both ac signals and dc signals and signals with very slow changes, has high signal transmission efficiency, has the advantages of simple structure, convenient integration and the like, and transmits the amplified signals to the a/D converter circuit, wherein the a/D converter circuit mainly functions as an analog-to-digital converter (a/D converter), or ADC for short, and generally refers to an electronic component for converting analog signals into digital signals. A typical analog-to-digital converter converts an input voltage signal into an output digital signal. Since digital signals do not have practical significance per se, only one relative magnitude is represented. Therefore, any analog-to-digital converter needs a reference analog quantity as a conversion standard, and a common reference standard is the maximum convertible signal size. And the output digital quantity represents the magnitude of the input signal relative to the reference signal. The basic principle of an a/D converter is to sample an input analog signal at regular time intervals and compare it with a series of standard digital signals, which converge successively until the two signals are equal. The binary number representing the signal is then displayed, and a wide variety of analog-to-digital converters exist, such as direct, indirect, high speed, high precision, ultra high speed, etc. Each in many forms. In contrast to the analog-to-digital converter, which is called "digital-to-analog converter", also called "decoder", which is a device that converts a digital quantity into a continuously variable analog quantity, there are many kinds and many forms, and they can be generally divided into: indirect ADC and direct ADC converters. Under the conversion action of the a/D conversion circuit, the ultrasonic signal is converted into a digital signal and then transmitted to the beam circuit 212, where it should be noted that beam scanning is the basis for realizing two-dimensional information acquisition and ultrasonic image display, and the purpose of the beam circuit is to generate an ultrasonic beam by the ultrasonic digital signal. After the three parts of the ultrasonic signal processing unit 201 are finished, the generated ultrasonic beam signal is transmitted to the central processing unit 202 for further processing.

In the present embodiment, the image display unit 30 further includes an imaging quality determination unit 301 and a final display unit 302 connected to the imaging quality determination unit. The imaging quality determination unit 301 is used to determine the imaging quality of the image processed by the image processing unit 20, and finally present the image on the final display unit 302. The determination of imaging quality can be used to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the image processing of the system, and ultimately assist in system maintenance.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the whole system is enabled to complete automatic filtering and denoising according to the actual filtering coefficient by adopting the self-use filtering system, and the black-white image and the color image are mixed, so that the problems that the existing filtering and denoising method is poor in denoising effect and small in application range, and the phenomena of 'black holes' and 'isolated points' of the color image exist are solved, the difficulty of medical diagnosis is further reduced, and the accuracy of the diagnosis result is improved.

Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the imaging quality determining unit 301 includes a data comparator 310 and a relay 311 for comparing signal magnitudes. In digital circuits, it is often necessary to compare two binary numbers with the same number of bits to determine whether they are equal or not, and the logic circuit used to implement this function becomes a numerical comparator. A relay (english name: relay) is an electric control device, and is an electric appliance that generates a predetermined step change in a controlled amount in an electric output circuit when a change in an input amount (excitation amount) meets a predetermined requirement. It has an interactive relationship between a control system (also called an input loop) and a controlled system (also called an output loop). It is commonly used in automated control circuits, which are actually a "recloser" that uses low current to control high current operation. Therefore, the circuit plays the roles of automatic regulation, safety protection, circuit conversion and the like. As a control element, the relay has several functions as follows: 1) the control range is expanded: for example, when the control signal of the multi-contact relay reaches a certain value, the multi-path circuit can be switched on, switched off and switched on simultaneously according to different forms of contact groups. 2) Amplification: such as sensitive relays, intermediate relays, etc., can control very powerful circuits with a very small amount of control. 3) And (3) integrating signals: for example, when a plurality of control signals are inputted to the multi-winding relay in a predetermined form, a predetermined control effect is achieved by comparison and integration. 4) Automatic, remote control and monitoring: for example, relays on the automation device, together with other electrical appliances, may form a program control circuit, thereby implementing automated operation.

Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive MTI filtering processing unit includes an input signal processing unit, a finite impulse response structure generating unit connected to the input signal processing unit, and an error signal processing unit connected to the finite impulse response structure generating unit, where the error signal processing unit includes a filter coefficient correction factor generating unit and an adaptive filtering unit. The filter is a filter circuit consisting of a capacitor, an inductor and a resistor. The filter can effectively filter the frequency point of the specific frequency in the power line or the frequencies except the frequency point to obtain a power signal of the specific frequency or eliminate the power signal of the specific frequency. The finite impulse response filter is a kind of digital filter, abbreviated as FIR digital filter (finite impulse response filter). The response of such filters to pulsed input signals eventually tends to 0 and is therefore finite. It is relative to an Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter. Because of the presence of the feedback loop in the infinite impulse response filter, the response to the pulsed input signal is infinitely continuous. The filter coefficient correction factor is used for carrying out error analysis on filtering, and the accuracy of a signal is improved through the correction factor. In the ultrasonic signal image, scattered waves reflected by a reflector group in the living tissue, which are very small compared to the wavelength of the ultrasonic waves, are generated and interfere with each other in various phases, and this speckle noise appears. In this embodiment, the adaptive MTI filter is adopted to avoid the disadvantage of performing filtering and denoising processing on the received ultrasonic wave by using a filter with a fixed coefficient: the method has the advantages of poor denoising effect, small application range, incapability of completely avoiding the phenomena of 'black holes' and 'isolated points' of the color image, incapability of realizing automatic filtering denoising according to actual filter coefficients by adopting a self-use filter system, and incapability of achieving the purpose of preventing the occurrence of the 'black holes' and the 'isolated points' of the image by adopting mixing processing between a black-and-white image and the color image, thereby bringing great inconvenience to the normal ultrasonic diagnosis of people.

Referring to fig. 4, further, the image capturing unit 10 further includes a grayscale image collector 103, and the grayscale image collector 103 is disposed in the imaging device 102. A gray-scale digital image is an image with only one sample color per pixel. Such images are typically displayed in gray scale from darkest black to brightest white, although in theory this sampling could be of different shades of any color and even different colors at different brightnesses. The gray image is different from the black and white image, the black and white image only has two colors of black and white in the computer image field, and the gray image has a plurality of levels of color depth between black and white. The image types of the system include color images, black and white images and mixed images. Therefore, a color digital scan converter is further provided in the image display unit 30, so that the color image, the black-and-white image, and the mixed image can exhibit the effects of the color image, the black-and-white image, and the mixed image.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An image processing system, comprising:

2. The image processing system according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of data buffers disposed between the image acquisition unit and the image processing unit, and the image processing unit and the image display unit.

3. The image processing system according to claim 1, wherein the imaging quality determination unit includes a data comparator and a relay for comparing signal magnitudes.

4. The image processing system according to claim 1, wherein the adaptive MTI filter processing unit is bidirectionally connected to the central processing unit.

5. The image processing system according to claim 1, wherein the adaptive MTI filter processing unit includes an input signal processing unit, a finite impulse response structure generating unit connected to the input signal processing unit, and an error signal processing unit connected to the finite impulse response structure generating unit, the error signal processing unit including a filter coefficient correction factor generating unit and an adaptive filtering unit.

6. The image processing system of claim 1, wherein the imaging device is an X-ray machine or a CT scanner.

7. The image processing system according to claim 1, wherein the image display unit further comprises a color digital scan converter for extracting a color signal of the image and converting the color signal into a black-and-white digital signal.

8. The image processing system according to claim 1, wherein the image display unit displays image types of color images, black-and-white images, and mixed images.

9. The image processing system of claim 1, wherein the image acquisition unit further comprises a grayscale image collector disposed within the imaging device.

10. The image processing system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of network interfaces, the network interfaces being of the type of fiber optic network interface.