CN111913224A - High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111913224A CN111913224A CN202010968406.4A CN202010968406A CN111913224A CN 111913224 A CN111913224 A CN 111913224A CN 202010968406 A CN202010968406 A CN 202010968406A CN 111913224 A CN111913224 A CN 111913224A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
- G01V3/104—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils using several coupled or uncoupled coils
- G01V3/108—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils using several coupled or uncoupled coils the emitter and the receiver coils or loops being uncoupled by positioning them perpendicularly to each other
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/15—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for use during transport, e.g. by a person, vehicle or boat
- G01V3/165—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for use during transport, e.g. by a person, vehicle or boat operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by the object or by the detecting device
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and a measuring method thereof, wherein the high-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor comprises a box body, an X-direction coil structure, a Y-direction coil structure and a Z-direction coil structure which are identical in structure are arranged in the box body, the normal directions of the X-direction coil structure, the Y-direction coil structure and the Z-direction coil structure are combined in an orthogonal mode, a level meter is arranged inside the box body, and a circuit control board and a battery are arranged in the box body. It adopts three component electromagnetic field response value to carry out joint inversion explanation, realizes the improvement of electromagnetic method exploration explanation precision, alleviates the potential safety hazard of concealing geological disasters, adopts ARM and FPGA combination control mode, FPGA gathers in real time, ARM carries out the processing in later stage, storage and transmission, effectively promotes the whole performance of system, GPS time service ware can make every sampling point have accurate timestamp, deviation with absolute time is less than 30nS, data transmission's accuracy has been guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ground-air electromagnetic detection technology, and particularly relates to a high-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and a measuring method thereof.
Background
The rapid development of economy continuously increases the demands on mineral resources and energy. Meanwhile, the large-scale and rapid mining of mineral resources and energy causes the damage of geological environment, a series of geological disaster problems are derived, and particularly a large number of coal mine goafs have great influence on the sustainable development of subsequent economy. The geological disasters have the characteristics of concealment, time variation and outburst, and most of the geological disasters are located in complicated geological conditions, such as alpine regions, gobi deserts, hilly areas, mountain areas, dense vegetation, water areas and the like, which brings great difficulty to the exploration work of the traditional geophysical technology. The traditional geophysical exploration method is difficult to meet the requirements of resource exploration and geological environment monitoring, and is difficult to realize large-area rapid and efficient fine exploration in the areas, so that a detection device and a construction method which can realize high efficiency and high quality in the areas with complicated geological conditions are urgently needed, and the accurate detection of geological environment destruction procedures is improved.
The ground-air electromagnetic method (also called semi-aeroelectromagnetic method) is a geological exploration method which is based on the electromagnetic induction principle, transmits pulse or electromagnetic information with different frequencies to the ground through a transmitting electrode arranged on the ground, and utilizes a device such as an unmanned aerial vehicle, a gyroplane or an airship and a high-precision electromagnetic sensor to receive electromagnetic induction signals. The method integrates the advantages of a ground electromagnetic method and an aviation electromagnetic method, namely has higher construction efficiency of the aviation electromagnetic method, and also has the characteristics of large detection depth, high safety coefficient, high signal-to-noise ratio and the like of the ground high-power electromagnetic method. The ground-air electromagnetic method combines the respective characteristics of the ground electromagnetic method and the aeroelectromagnetic method, has higher field construction efficiency and detection precision, and is suitable for rapid and high-precision detection in areas with complex terrain conditions.
At present, theoretical research and application of the electromagnetic method of the earth and air at home and abroad focus on a detection method of a time domain, collected data are response signals of a vertical magnetic field component (Hz), and magnetic field components (Hx and Hy) in x and y directions exist near a receiving point. If the magnetic field component signals in the three directions are jointly collected and processed, the data interpretation precision of the ground-air electromagnetic method can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and a measuring method thereof, which utilize response values of three acquired component electromagnetic fields to carry out joint inversion interpretation, realize the improvement of the exploration interpretation precision of an electromagnetic method and reduce the potential safety hazard of concealed geological disasters.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor comprises a box body, wherein an X-direction coil structure, a Y-direction coil structure and a Z-direction coil structure which have the same structure are arranged in the box body, the normal directions of the X-direction coil structure, the Y-direction coil structure and the Z-direction coil structure are in orthogonal combination, a level meter is arranged in the box body, a circuit control board and a battery are arranged in the box body, preamplifiers respectively connected with the X-direction coil structure, the Y-direction coil structure and the Z-direction coil structure are arranged on the circuit control board, each preamplifier is connected with a noise filter, a signal collector is connected onto each noise filter and is electrically connected with the battery, a connecting port is connected onto each signal collector and extends out of the box body, each signal collector comprises an AD chip, an FPGA, a GPS timer and an RAM, the AD chip is connected with the noise filter, the GPS timer and the RAM are both connected with the FPGA, and the connecting port is connected to the RAM.
As an improvement, the connecting port comprises an Ethernet communication interface, an SD card interface and an indicator light interface.
As an improvement, the Z-direction coil structure comprises a hollow bobbin and a magnetic core arranged in the hollow bobbin, and an induction coil is wound outside the hollow bobbin.
As a refinement, the battery is a rechargeable lithium battery.
As an improvement, the hollow bobbin is made of a non-conductive material.
As an improvement, the induction coil is formed by winding enameled wires on the outer side of the hollow bobbin in a layered mode.
As an improvement, the testing method of the high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor comprises the following specific steps:
1) before formal detection work, the time synchronization device and the transmitter are favorable for keeping synchronization of transmitting and receiving time;
2) in the ground-air electromagnetic method exploration, a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle hanging high-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor mode is adopted, flight measurement is carried out in a designed measurement area range, the flight height is 50-100 m, the flight speed is not higher than 8m/s, and real-time data, real-time space coordinates and flight tracks of three component magnetic fields can be obtained in the flight detection process.
3) In the exploration of the ground conventional electromagnetic method, a manual method is used for placing a high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor at a measuring point position, and the high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor is in a horizontal state;
4) and processing and explaining the acquired magnetic field response information of the three components by using a ground-to-air transient electromagnetic inverse synthetic aperture imaging algorithm and a three-dimensional pre-stack migration algorithm to obtain reliable geological data.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, three component electromagnetic field response values are adopted to carry out joint inversion interpretation, the improvement of the exploration interpretation precision of an electromagnetic method is realized, the potential safety hazard of concealed geological disasters is reduced, an ARM and FPGA combined control mode is adopted, FPGA carries out real-time acquisition, ARM carries out post-processing, storage and transmission, the overall use performance of the system is effectively improved, a GPS time service device can enable each sampling point to have an accurate timestamp, the deviation from absolute time is less than 30nS, and the accuracy of data transmission is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a data acquisition system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the induction coil of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the time series noise floor FFT results of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of sensor response of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a coil configuration;
reference symbol comparison table:
the device comprises a 1-box body, a 2-X direction coil structure, a 3-Y direction coil structure, a 4-Z direction coil structure, a 5-level, a 6-battery, a 7-preamplifier, an 8-noise filter, a 9-signal collector, a 10-connector, an 11-hollow bobbin, a 12-magnetic core and a 13-induction coil.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor comprises a case 1, and is characterized in that an X-direction coil structure 2, a Y-direction coil structure 3, and a Z-direction coil structure 4 having the same structure are disposed in the case 1, the normal directions of the X-direction coil structure 2, the Y-direction coil structure 3, and the Z-direction coil structure 4 are orthogonally combined, a level 5 is disposed in the case 1, a circuit control board and a battery 6 are disposed in the case 1, a preamplifier 7 respectively connected to the X-direction coil structure 2, the Y-direction coil structure 3, and the Z-direction coil structure 4 is disposed on the circuit control board, each preamplifier 7 is connected to a noise filter 8, each noise filter 8 is connected to a signal collector 9, the signal collector 9 is electrically connected to the battery 6, the signal collector 9 is connected to a connector 10 extending out of the case 1, the signal collector 9 comprises an AD chip, an FPGA, a GPS time service device and an RAM, the AD chip is connected with the noise filter 8, the GPS time service device and the RAM are both connected with the FPGA, and the connector 10 is connected to the RAM.
The connector 10 includes an Ethernet communication interface, an SD card interface, and an indicator light interface.
The Z-direction coil structure 4 includes a hollow bobbin 11 and a magnetic core 12 disposed in the hollow bobbin 11, and an induction coil 13 is wound outside the hollow bobbin 11.
The battery is a rechargeable lithium battery.
The material of the hollow bobbin 11 is a non-conductive material.
The induction coil 13 is formed by winding enameled wires on the outer side of the hollow bobbin 11 in a layered manner.
As shown in fig. 3, in the using process of the high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor, the operation steps are as follows:
1) before formal detection work, the time synchronization device and the transmitter are favorable for keeping synchronization of transmitting and receiving time;
2) in the ground-air electromagnetic method exploration, a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle hanging high-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor mode is adopted, flight measurement is carried out in a designed measurement area range, the flight height is 50-100 m, the flight speed is not higher than 8m/s, and real-time data, real-time space coordinates and flight tracks of three component magnetic fields can be obtained in the flight detection process.
3) In the exploration of the ground conventional electromagnetic method, a manual method is used for placing a high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor at a measuring point position, and the high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor is in a horizontal state;
4) and processing and explaining the acquired magnetic field response information of the three components by using a ground-to-air transient electromagnetic inverse synthetic aperture imaging algorithm and a three-dimensional pre-stack migration algorithm to obtain reliable geological data.
As shown in fig. 4, v (t) is the induced voltage of the induction coil, and u (t) is the induced voltage actually connected to the amplifying circuit; l is inductance of the receiving coil, r is internal resistance, Cr is distributed capacitance, Ra and Ca respectively represent input impedance and input capacitance of the preamplifier, and RT represents matching resistance. The filtering function is realized by the existing low-pass filtering and band-pass filtering circuit control technology.
As shown in fig. 5, the high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor is to be subjected to a noise test, and the test method is as follows: the sensor is placed in a magnetic shielding barrel, a sensor signal is connected to the analog input end of a data acquisition unit through an analog data line, and the background peak-to-peak noise of the sensor and the sampling rate of 96K are tested.
The results show a peak noise of 0.3uVpp (1-10KHz), a sensor noise floor band that is a flat zone in the range of 1Hz-10KHz, and peak noise of less than 0.3 uV.
As shown in fig. 6, the sensor sensitivity test: the sensor is placed in a calibration solenoid, signals with different frequencies are excited through the solenoid, and the response of the sensor on different frequencies is measured. The abscissa is frequency and the ordinate is response value.
And (3) testing results:
| serial number | Content of test | Technical index | Test results | |
| 1 | Sensor noise | Less than 3nV/Hz | 0.3uVpp is better than 3nV/ |
|
| 2 | Sensitivity of sensor | Is better than 0.15 mv/nT.Hz | Is better than 0.15 mv/nT.Hz |
According to the invention, an ARM and FPGA combined control mode is adopted, the FPGA carries out real-time acquisition, and the ARM carries out later-stage processing, storage and transmission, so that the overall use performance of the system is effectively improved; the system is timed through a GPS, each sampling point has an accurate timestamp, the deviation from absolute time is less than 30nS, a stable clock design is added, and automatic timekeeping is realized after the GPS is lost midway; 4 LED indicator lamps can be arranged outside the equipment to indicate the state of the whole instrument, so that the state diagnosis is convenient; an external RJ45 interface can be connected through Ethernet, and the real-time state can be checked; the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying platform can be externally connected with a GPS antenna, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying platform can be integrally integrated conveniently; the SD card can be replaced at any time.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor comprises a box body (1) and is characterized in that an X-direction coil structure (2), a Y-direction coil structure (3) and a Z-direction coil structure (4) which are the same in structure are arranged in the box body (1), the normal directions of the X-direction coil structure (2), the Y-direction coil structure (3) and the Z-direction coil structure (4) are in orthogonal combination, a level meter (5) is arranged inside the box body (1), a circuit control board and a battery (6) are arranged in the box body (1), preamplifiers (7) which are respectively connected with the X-direction coil structure (2), the Y-direction coil structure (3) and the Z-direction coil structure (4) are arranged on the circuit control board, a noise filter (8) is connected on each preamplifier (7), a signal collector (9) is connected on each noise filter (8), and the signal collector (9) is electrically connected with the battery (6) The signal collector (9) is connected with a connector (10) extending out of the box body (1), the signal collector (9) comprises an AD chip, an FPGA, a GPS timer and an RAM, the AD chip is connected with the noise filter (8), the GPS timer and the RAM are both connected with the FPGA, and the connector (10) is connected with the RAM.
2. A high accuracy three-component electromagnetic sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting port (10) comprises an Ethernet communication interface, an SD card interface and an indicator light interface.
3. A high accuracy three-component electromagnetic sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the Z-direction coil structure (4) comprises a hollow bobbin (11) and a magnetic core (12) arranged in the hollow bobbin (11), and an induction coil (13) is wound on the outer side of the hollow bobbin (11).
4. A high accuracy three-component electromagnetic sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the battery is a rechargeable lithium battery.
5. A high accuracy three-component electromagnetic sensor according to claim 3, wherein: the hollow bobbin (11) is made of a non-conductive material.
6. A high accuracy three-component electromagnetic sensor according to claim 5, wherein: the induction coil (13) is formed by winding enameled wires on the outer side of the hollow bobbin (11) in a layered mode.
7. A measuring method of a high-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) before formal detection work, the time synchronization device and the transmitter are favorable for keeping synchronization of transmitting and receiving time;
2) in the ground-air electromagnetic method exploration, a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle hanging high-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor mode is adopted, flight measurement is carried out in a designed measurement area range, the flight height is 50-100 m, the flight speed is not higher than 8m/s, and real-time data, real-time space coordinates and flight tracks of three-component magnetic fields can be obtained in the flight detection process;
3) in the exploration of the ground conventional electromagnetic method, a manual method is used for placing a high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor at a measuring point position, and the high-precision three-component electromagnetic sensor is in a horizontal state;
4) and processing and explaining the acquired magnetic field response information of the three components by using a ground-to-air transient electromagnetic inverse synthetic aperture imaging algorithm and a three-dimensional pre-stack migration algorithm so as to obtain reliable geological data.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010968406.4A CN111913224A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and measuring method thereof |
| PCT/CN2020/129381 WO2022057070A1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-17 | High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and data transmission control system therefor |
| GB2209174.8A GB2613915A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-17 | High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and data transmission control system therefor |
| ZA2022/03715A ZA202203715B (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2022-03-31 | A high-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and its data transmission control system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010968406.4A CN111913224A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and measuring method thereof |
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| CN111913224A true CN111913224A (en) | 2020-11-10 |
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| CN202010968406.4A Pending CN111913224A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and measuring method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111913224A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2613915A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022057070A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA202203715B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113917549A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-01-11 | 成都理工大学 | Aviation electromagnetic data acquisition system and method based on optical fiber sensing technology |
| WO2022057070A1 (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-03-24 | 中国矿业大学 | High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and data transmission control system therefor |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116449438B (en) * | 2023-06-16 | 2023-09-12 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Transient electromagnetic method reference denoising device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060208737A1 (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-21 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Calibration of xx, yy and zz induction tool measurements |
| CN102096113B (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-10-23 | 吉林大学 | Time-domain ground-air electromagnetic detection system and calibration method |
| CN202182950U (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-04-04 | 中国地震局地球物理研究所 | Matrix type fluxgate magnetometer |
| CN102520455B (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-08-07 | 吉林大学 | Aviation geomagnetic vector detection apparatus |
| CN104865608B (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2017-07-14 | 吉林大学 | Time-domain AEM motion artifacts detection means and suppressing method |
| CN105204072B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-08-29 | 吉林大学 | Carbon electrode and measuring method in high-density electric instrument |
| CN111913224A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-10 | 中国矿业大学 | High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and measuring method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-09-15 CN CN202010968406.4A patent/CN111913224A/en active Pending
- 2020-11-17 GB GB2209174.8A patent/GB2613915A/en active Pending
- 2020-11-17 WO PCT/CN2020/129381 patent/WO2022057070A1/en active Application Filing
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2022
- 2022-03-31 ZA ZA2022/03715A patent/ZA202203715B/en unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022057070A1 (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-03-24 | 中国矿业大学 | High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and data transmission control system therefor |
| GB2613915A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2023-06-21 | Univ China Mining | High-precision three-component electromagnetic field sensor and data transmission control system therefor |
| CN113917549A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-01-11 | 成都理工大学 | Aviation electromagnetic data acquisition system and method based on optical fiber sensing technology |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB202209174D0 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
| WO2022057070A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 |
| GB2613915A (en) | 2023-06-21 |
| ZA202203715B (en) | 2022-07-27 |
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