CN111913174A - Millimeter wave sensing chip and millimeter wave sensor - Google Patents
Millimeter wave sensing chip and millimeter wave sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111913174A CN111913174A CN202010919380.4A CN202010919380A CN111913174A CN 111913174 A CN111913174 A CN 111913174A CN 202010919380 A CN202010919380 A CN 202010919380A CN 111913174 A CN111913174 A CN 111913174A
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- wave sensor
- sensor chip
- millimeter wave
- millimeter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/282—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/352—Receivers
Abstract
The invention discloses a millimeter wave sensor chip and a millimeter wave sensor, wherein the millimeter wave sensor chip is applied to a K/Ka frequency band and comprises the following components: the radio frequency transceiving end is used for transceiving radio frequency signals; the analog signal processing module is used for finishing filtering and analog signal digitization and generating a digital baseband signal; the frequency modulation waveform generating module is used for matching the working range of the radio frequency transceiving end so as to generate different frequency modulation modes meeting the functional requirements; and the sensor signal digital processing module is used for transmitting the digital baseband signal to the multifunctional digital bus. Through millimeter wave sensor chip and millimeter wave sensor can need not external other chips and realize independent sensor function to system's cost has been reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a chip technology, in particular to a millimeter wave sensing chip and a millimeter wave sensor.
Background
With the popularization and expansion of artificial intelligence and internet of things application, the application requirements of the multidimensional sensing technology are gradually growing, wherein the millimeter wave sensor is an important component of the technology. The millimeter wave radar operates in the millimeter wave band. Usually, the millimeter wave refers to the frequency band of 30 to 300GHz (the wavelength is 1 to 10 mm). The millimeter wave seeker has the advantages of small size, light weight, high spatial resolution, interference resistance and the like, and has great significance in the aspects of communication, radar, guidance, remote sensing technology, radio astronomy and wave spectroscopy.
The traditional millimeter wave radar is generally provided with a TR component, a local oscillator signal generation mode comprises frequency modulation mode generation and the like, an intermediate frequency analog signal processing mode comprises filtering and analog-to-digital conversion, a baseband digital signal processing mode and a microprocessor are used for control and judgment in practical application. Generally, the system has the disadvantages of complex system, high cost, high power consumption and the like, so that the requirements of artificial intelligence and millimeter waves on low cost, small size and low power consumption in practical application cannot be met.
In the prior art, the sensor chip for the K/Ka band is typically a simple TR element or contains a simple voltage controlled oscillator for generating the rf signal, such as the BGT24 series chip from the company of english-flying. Other recent technical studies, such as chinese patent publication CN110927675A, are based on external vco control signals and output if signals, and the single function requires a lot of peripheral chips, which dramatically increases the system cost. Meanwhile, the external connection and the output of analog signals also put higher requirements on the design of the whole system.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is how to solve the problem of high system cost caused by single function of a millimeter wave sensor chip in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:
a millimeter wave sensor chip, wherein, be applied to K/Ka frequency channel, includes: the radio frequency transceiving end is used for transceiving radio frequency signals; the analog signal processing module is used for finishing filtering and analog signal digitization and generating a digital baseband signal; the frequency modulation waveform generating module is used for matching the working range of the radio frequency transceiving end so as to generate different frequency modulation modes meeting the functional requirements; and the sensor signal digital processing module is used for transmitting the digital baseband signal to the multifunctional digital bus.
Preferably, the millimeter wave sensor chip further includes an expandable local oscillation path; the expandable local oscillator channel is connected to the frequency modulation waveform generation module and used for realizing radio frequency receiving and transmitting of multiple chips and synchronizing local oscillator output and input so as to expand the local oscillator channel into a multi-sending and multi-receiving array formed by the multiple chips.
Preferably, in the millimeter wave sensor chip, the sensor signal digital processing module includes: and customizing a digital serial interface or a low-voltage differential signal interface so that the millimeter wave sensor chip is suitable for QFN packaging with no more than 32 pins.
Preferably, in the millimeter wave sensor chip, the sensor signal digital processing module includes a hardware acceleration unit, and is configured to implement down-sampling filtering and fast fourier analysis on the digital baseband signal.
Preferably, in the millimeter wave sensor chip, the sensor signal digital processing module further includes an integrated MCU or a digital logic unit, and is configured to determine a result of processing the application scene signal of the internet of things, and send the determination result to the multifunctional digital bus or feed back the determination result to the peripheral device.
Preferably, in the millimeter wave sensor chip, the millimeter wave sensor chip is integrated with a DCDC power supply.
Preferably, in the millimeter wave sensor chip, the millimeter wave sensor chip generates baseband synchronization signals for performing mutual synchronization alignment between baseband processes using the same local oscillator.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention also discloses a millimeter wave sensor, which comprises the millimeter wave sensor chip; the crystal oscillator is matched with a crystal oscillator circuit integrated in the sensor chip; a transmitting-receiving antenna designed by microstrip lines is adopted.
Preferably, the millimeter wave sensor further comprises an MCU connected to the millimeter wave sensor chip.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, the frequency modulation waveform generation module is matched with the working range of the radio frequency receiving and transmitting end to generate a complete frequency modulation continuous wave radio frequency signal, and the complete frequency modulation continuous wave radio frequency signal is transmitted to the analog intermediate frequency signal processing and the digital baseband processing, so that different frequency modulation modes meeting the functional requirements are realized, the complete frequency modulation continuous wave millimeter wave sensing function can be completed in the millimeter wave chip, and the independent sensor function can be realized without externally connecting other chips.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a millimeter wave sensor chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main input/output structure of a millimeter wave sensor chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware circuit of an application of the millimeter wave sensor chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals
ADC circuit 103
Frequency modulated waveform generator 104
Scalable local oscillator path 105
Custom digital serial interface 106
LVDS 107
DCDC Power supply 109
Full chip programming interface 111
Transmitted wave 201
Out of the multi-function digital bus 206
Millimeter wave sensor chip 301
MCU 303
Detailed Description
In the conventional millimeter wave radar sensor, since only a simple TR component or a simple voltage-controlled oscillator is usually included to generate the radio frequency signal, the structure is simple and the function is single, and a large number of peripheral chips are required to provide support, thereby greatly increasing the system cost. Meanwhile, in order to adapt to external connection and output analog signals, higher requirements are also put forward on the whole system design. The millimeter wave sensor chip and the millimeter wave sensor of the embodiment are characterized in that the millimeter wave sensor chip and the millimeter wave sensor are matched with the working range of a radio frequency receiving and transmitting end through a frequency modulation waveform generation module, so that complete frequency modulation continuous wave radio-frequency signals are generated and then transmitted to analog intermediate-frequency signal processing and digital baseband processing, and different frequency modulation modes meeting functional requirements are realized, so that the millimeter wave sensing function of the complete frequency modulation continuous waves can be completed inside the millimeter wave chip, and independent sensor functions can be realized without externally connecting other chips, thereby overcoming the defects of high cost and high system design requirement of the existing millimeter wave sensor.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a millimeter wave sensor chip of this embodiment includes a radio frequency transceiver 101, an analog signal processing module (including an intermediate frequency filter 102 and an ADC circuit 103), a frequency modulation waveform generating module 104, and a sensor signal digital processing module.
The radio frequency transceiver terminal 101 is a transceiver with two transceivers or a transceiver with one transceiver, has a high bandwidth, and a coverage range of 23G-27.5 GHz, and is used for transceiving radio frequency signals. Transmitting 201 the internally generated local oscillation signal directly or after frequency multiplication; after receiving the echo 202, the internal local oscillator signal is directly demodulated or frequency-multiplied to generate a zero intermediate frequency baseband signal, and the baseband signal has the characteristic of high bandwidth and large dynamic range.
The on-chip integrated analog signal processing module comprises an intermediate frequency filter 102 capable of finishing filtering and high dynamic range (more than 16bits 2.5MSp/S or 12bits 50M Sp/S) processing, and an ADC circuit 103 used for finishing the digitization of the analog signal and finally generating a digital baseband signal.
The millimeter wave sensor chip is internally provided with a frequency modulation waveform generator 104 integrating a high frequency sweep range, multiple functions and digital multiple functions to match the working range of the radio frequency transceiving end 101 and generate different frequency modulation modes meeting the functional requirements. The multifunctional frequency modulation waveform generator can be programmed and set by using a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), an Integrated Circuit bus (IIC), a Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) and the like through the full-chip programming Interface 111.
The millimeter wave sensor chip of the present embodiment may further include an expandable local oscillation path 105. The expandable local oscillator path 105 is connected to the radio frequency transceiving terminal 101, the analog signal processing module 102, and the frequency modulation waveform generator 104. Through the expandable local oscillator channel 105, radio frequency transmission and reception of multiple chips can be realized, so that local oscillator output 203 and input 204 can be synchronized, and the multi-transmission and multi-reception array formed by multiple chips is expanded.
The digital baseband signal generated by the analog-to-digital conversion means 103 can be processed in a variety of ways. In this embodiment, in order to adapt to a Quad Flat No-lead package (QFN) of No more than 32 pins, the millimeter wave sensor chip includes a custom digital serial interface 106 or a Low-Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) 107, which are respectively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion device 103, and directly transmit raw data to the multifunctional digital bus 206. The LVDS interface is also called as an RS-644 bus interface, has the characteristics of low power consumption, low error rate, low crosstalk, low radiation and the like, and is widely applied to systems with higher requirements on signal integrity, low jitter and common mode characteristics. The baseband data is transmitted by adopting the self-defined digital serial port or the lvds port, so that the number of chip pins required after analog-to-digital conversion can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the millimeter wave sensor chip may further perform signal processing on the digital baseband signal generated by the analog-to-digital conversion device 103 through the hardware acceleration device 108. The hardware accelerator is implemented with a fixed down-sampling filter, 256-point fast fourier analysis and two-dimensional fast fourier analysis, so that no additional digital processing interrupt priority register is required. Through the integrated MCU or the self-built simple digital logic, the judgment of the signal processing result in the application scene of the simple Internet of things can be completed, so that the data transmission requirement is greatly reduced, and the result can be transmitted or directly output and controlled to the multifunctional digital bus 206 in the forms of SPI or UART, simple GPIO level and the like through the programmable sensor interface for controlling peripheral equipment.
As shown in fig. 2, the millimeter wave sensor chip also generates a baseband synchronization signal 205 for synchronizing and aligning the baseband processing using the same local oscillator. Through mutually aligned radio frequency local oscillator channels 105, baseband signal processing clock distribution and synchronous signals of baseband signal processing, cascade connection or parallel connection among multiple chips is easy to realize, and capacity expansion of the sensor of the internet of things is realized.
The millimeter wave sensor of the embodiment adopts the CMOS process, so that the hardware cost of a chip can be effectively reduced, and the cost is low. Further, integrating the DCDC power supply 109 on-chip may further reduce the overall system cost.
Besides the basic resistance-capacitance device and the common power supply chip, the embodiment also discloses a millimeter wave sensor. As shown in fig. 3, the millimeter wave sensor chip 301 of the present embodiment only needs to be matched with the crystal oscillator 302 in system application, the crystal oscillator circuit 110 is integrated in the millimeter wave sensor chip 301, the transceiver antenna 304 may adopt a microstrip line design, and finally, the data or the result is sent to the MCU 303.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by associated hardware instructed by a program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks, and the like.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A millimeter wave sensor chip, applied to K/Ka frequency band, comprising:
the radio frequency transceiving end is used for transceiving radio frequency signals;
the analog signal processing module is used for finishing filtering and analog signal digitization and generating a digital baseband signal;
the frequency modulation waveform generating module is used for matching the working range of the radio frequency transceiving end so as to generate different frequency modulation modes meeting the functional requirements;
and the sensor signal digital processing module is used for transmitting the digital baseband signal to the multifunctional digital bus.
2. The millimeter-wave sensor chip of claim 1,
the system also comprises an expandable local oscillator channel;
the expandable local oscillator channel is connected to the frequency modulation waveform generation module and used for realizing radio frequency receiving and transmitting of multiple chips and synchronizing local oscillator output and input so as to expand the local oscillator channel into a multi-sending and multi-receiving array formed by the multiple chips.
3. The millimeter-wave sensor chip of claim 1, wherein the sensor signal digital processing module comprises: and customizing a digital serial interface or a low-voltage differential signal interface so that the millimeter wave sensor chip is suitable for QFN packaging with no more than 32 pins.
4. The millimeter-wave sensor chip of claim 1, wherein the sensor signal digital processing module comprises a hardware acceleration unit to implement downsampling filtering and fast fourier analysis of the digital baseband signal.
5. The millimeter wave sensor chip of claim 4, wherein the sensor signal digital processing module further comprises an integrated MCU or a digital logic unit, and is configured to determine a result of the processing of the application scene signal of the Internet of things, and send the determination result to a multifunctional digital bus or feed back the determination result to a peripheral device.
6. The millimeter-wave sensor chip of claim 1, wherein the millimeter-wave sensor chip integrates a DCDC power supply.
7. The millimeter-wave sensor chip of claim 1, wherein the millimeter-wave sensor chip generates baseband synchronization signals for synchronizing alignment of baseband processes using the same local oscillator with each other.
8. A millimeter wave sensor comprising the millimeter wave sensor chip according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the crystal oscillator is matched with a crystal oscillator circuit integrated in the sensor chip; a transmitting-receiving antenna designed by microstrip lines is adopted.
9. The millimeter-wave sensor of claim 8, further comprising an MCU connected to the millimeter-wave sensor chip.
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| CN202010919380.4A CN111913174A (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | Millimeter wave sensing chip and millimeter wave sensor |
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| CN202010919380.4A CN111913174A (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | Millimeter wave sensing chip and millimeter wave sensor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113484828A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-08 | 苏州矽典微智能科技有限公司 | Cascade extended millimeter wave sensor chip |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113484828A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-08 | 苏州矽典微智能科技有限公司 | Cascade extended millimeter wave sensor chip |
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