CN111913084B - Intelligent fault arc detector - Google Patents
Intelligent fault arc detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN111913084B CN111913084B CN202010820164.4A CN202010820164A CN111913084B CN 111913084 B CN111913084 B CN 111913084B CN 202010820164 A CN202010820164 A CN 202010820164A CN 111913084 B CN111913084 B CN 111913084B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent fault arc detector which comprises a power supply module, a signal acquisition module, a signal conditioning module, a main control module, a display module and a processing module, wherein the power supply module is connected with the signal acquisition module; the processing module is used for connecting to the terminal equipment electronic computer; the signal acquisition module, the signal conditioning module and the main control module are sequentially connected, and the main control module is also connected to the processing module and the display module; the main control module is used for analyzing whether the external circuit has a fault arc according to the collected signals and sending a control instruction to the processing module when judging that the external circuit has the fault arc. The intelligent fault arc detector can effectively detect whether fault arc occurs; signals in the circuit are collected through various collectors, so that whether fault arcs occur in the external circuit or not can be judged through various signals, and the possibility of misjudging the fault arcs is further reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment, in particular to an intelligent fault arc detector.
Background
The arc is a gas ionization discharge phenomenon, and is also a plasma. The current in the arc is microscopically the result of the movement of electrons and positive ions under the influence of an electric field, wherein the movement of electrons constitutes the major part of the current. Arcs are characterized by high temperatures, low currents, short durations, and frequent breakdown points. When the arc is generated, a large amount of heat is released, and surrounding flammable and explosive materials can be ignited, so that fire and even explosion can be caused. Because good arcs and bad arcs can be generated in the power utilization process, the good arcs cannot be judged as fault arcs by mistake when the fault arcs are detected, errors exist in real-time diagnosis of the arcs, and even under the condition of the same environment and the same load, the occurrence of the fault arcs also has differences. It is therefore not possible to determine whether a circuit has a fault arc with a single signal.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an intelligent fault arc detector; the device can acquire various signals of the circuit and judge whether the external circuit has a fault arc according to the acquired signals.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an intelligent fault arc detector which comprises a power supply module (10), a signal acquisition module (20), a signal conditioning module (30), a main control module (40), a display module (50) and a processing module (60); the processing module (60) is used for connecting to a terminal equipment electronic computer (70); the power supply module (10) is respectively connected to the signal acquisition module (20), the signal conditioning module (30), the main control module (40), the display module (50) and the processing module (60) and is used for providing electric energy; the signal acquisition module (20), the signal conditioning module (30) and the main control module (40) are sequentially connected, and the main control module (40) is also connected to the processing module (60) and the display module (50); the signal acquisition module (20) is used for acquiring signals in an external circuit, and the signal conditioning module (30) is used for conditioning the acquired signals; the main control module (40) is used for analyzing whether a fault arc exists in the external circuit according to the collected signals and sending a control instruction to the processing module (60) when the fault arc exists in the external circuit; the processing module (60) is used for executing the control instruction sent by the main control module (40), and the display module (50) is used for displaying the result analyzed by the main control module (40).
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the intelligent fault arc detector can effectively detect whether fault arc occurs; signals in the circuit are collected through various collectors, so that whether the external circuit has a fault arc or not can be judged by utilizing various signals, the possibility of misjudging the fault arc is further reduced, and the fault arc is prevented from continuously generating high temperature to cause fire.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent fault arc detector according to a first embodiment;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating operation of the intelligent arc fault detector according to the first embodiment.
Reference numerals are as follows: 10. a power supply module; 20. a signal acquisition module; 201. a voltage transformer; 202. a current transformer; 203. a temperature sensor; 30. a signal conditioning module; 301. an amplifying circuit; 302. a rectifying circuit; 303. a filter circuit; 40. a main control module; 50. a display module; 501. a display screen; 502. a keyboard; 60. a processing module; 601. a communication socket device; 602. an alarm device; 603. a circuit breaker control device; 70. terminal equipment electronic computer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like associated elements. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present invention have not been shown or described in the specification in order to avoid obscuring the present invention from the excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they can be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art. Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for the purpose of describing certain embodiments only and are not intended to imply a required sequence unless otherwise indicated where such sequence must be followed.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" as used herein includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings), unless otherwise specified.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of the intelligent fault arc detector in this embodiment, the apparatus includes a power module 10, a signal acquisition module 20, a signal conditioning module 30, a main control module 40, a display module 50, and a processing module 60. The processing module 60 is for connection to a terminal device electronic computer 70.
The power module 10 is respectively connected to the signal acquisition module 20, the signal conditioning module 30, the main control module 40, the display module 50 and the processing module 60, and is configured to provide electric energy.
The signal acquisition module 20, the signal conditioning module 30 and the main control module 40 are sequentially connected, and the main control module 40 is further connected to the processing module 60 and the display module 50.
The signal acquisition module 20 is used for acquiring signals in an external circuit, and the signal conditioning module 30 is used for conditioning the acquired signals; the main control module 40 is configured to analyze whether a fault arc exists in the external circuit according to the collected signals and send a control instruction to the processing module 60 when determining that the fault arc exists in the external circuit.
The processing module 60 is configured to execute the control instruction sent by the main control module 40, and the display module 50 is configured to display the result obtained by the analysis of the main control module 40 and the real-time acquired data.
The signal acquisition module 20 comprises a voltage transformer 201, a current transformer 202, a temperature sensor 203 and the like; the voltage transformer 201 and the current transformer 202 are respectively connected to the signal conditioning module 30, and the temperature sensor 203 is connected to the main control module 40. The voltage transformer 201, the current transformer 202, and the temperature sensor 203 are also connected to an external circuit. The voltage transformer 201 is used for collecting voltage signals of an external circuit and transmitting the voltage signals to the signal conditioning module 30, the current transformer 202 is used for collecting current signals and transmitting the current signals to the signal conditioning module 30, and the temperature sensor 203 is used for collecting temperature signals and transmitting the temperature signals to the main control module 40.
The signal conditioning module 30 comprises an amplifying circuit 301, a rectifying circuit 302 and a filtering circuit 303 which are connected in sequence; the amplifying circuit 301 is further connected to the voltage transformer 201 and the current transformer 202, the filtering circuit 303 is further connected to the main control module 40, and the amplifying circuit 301, the rectifying circuit 302 and the filtering circuit 303 are respectively used for amplifying, rectifying and filtering the acquired signals.
The main control module 40 is configured to analyze fluctuation conditions of the collected voltage signal, current signal, and temperature signal within a fixed time to calculate a voltage similarity ratio, a current similarity ratio, and a temperature similarity ratio.
The display module 50 includes a display 501 and a keyboard 502, the display 501 and the keyboard 502 are respectively connected to the main control module 40, the display 501 is used for displaying the results of the voltage similarity ratio, the current similarity ratio and the temperature similarity ratio calculated by the main control module 40, and the keyboard 502 is used for comparing the judgment threshold R β The voltage alarm similarity ratio, the current alarm similarity ratio and the temperature alarm similarity ratio are changed.
The processing module 60 comprises a communication socket device 601, an alarm device 602 and a circuit breaker control device 603 which are respectively connected to the main control module 40; the communication socket device 601 is also connected to the terminal equipment electronic computer 70, the circuit breaker control device 603 is also connected to a circuit breaker in an external circuit; when the main control module 40 determines that the external circuit has a fault arc, the alarm device 602 is controlled to send an alarm signal and the circuit breaker control device 603 is controlled to open the circuit breaker; the communication socket device 601 is used for transmitting the result processed by the main control module 40 and various signals collected in real time to the terminal device electronic computer 70 for monitoring and storing.
The alarm device 602 includes an acoustic generation device and a light generation device, and if the main control module 40 determines that the voltage similarity ratio is lower than the voltage alarm similarity ratio, determines that the current similarity ratio is lower than the current alarm similarity ratio, and determines that the temperature similarity ratio is lower than the temperature alarm similarity ratio, the main control module 40 determines that the external circuit has a fault arc and controls the acoustic generation device to give an alarm sound, controls the light alarm device 602 to give a flashing alarm light, and controls the circuit breaker control device 603 to turn off the circuit breaker.
The communication socket device 601 is used to transmit the voltage similarity ratio, the current similarity ratio and the temperature similarity ratio to the terminal device electronic computer 70.
The determination of the fault arc in this embodiment is achieved by the following steps.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of the intelligent fault arc detector of the present invention, which first acquires a voltage signal, a current signal, and a temperature signal by using a voltage transformer, a current transformer, and a temperature sensor in step St 10. The voltage signal, the current signal and the temperature signal are then conditioned by the signal conditioning module of step St 20. And finally, st30, programming the alarm logic through the key module, and then judging whether an alarm signal is generated or not by the main control module 40 through calculation processing of the data and according to the alarm logic input by the key module, if so, giving out a sound alarm and a light alarm and disconnecting the circuit breaker, otherwise, not generating the alarm signal, and acquiring and judging the signal again.
Step St10 includes step St11 of acquiring a current signal in an external circuit through a current transformer; step St12, collecting a current signal in an external circuit through a voltage transformer; and St13, collecting a current signal in an external circuit through a current transformer. The order of step St11, step St12, and step St13 may be changed, and the steps may be performed simultaneously without a fixed execution order.
Step St20, the signal conditioning module conditions a voltage signal, a current signal and a temperature signal through an amplifying circuit, a rectifying circuit and a filtering circuit; the amplifying circuit, the rectifying circuit and the filtering circuit are respectively used for amplifying, rectifying and filtering the acquired signals.
Step St30 includes step St31, the alarm logic is edited in advance by pressing a key; in step St32, the main control module 40 analyzes the collected signal and the preset voltage signal to obtain a similarity ratio.
The main control module 40 compares the voltage signal collected by the current transformer with a preset current to obtain a current similarity ratio. The calculation of the current similarity ratio includes the following processes:
the main control module 40 analyzes a current signal waveform through the current direction change times by using a current signal collected by the current transformer. The current signal is a discrete signal, and when the sign of the adjacent sampling value of the discrete signal changes, the signal direction changes once. The ratio of the number of times of changing the sign of the adjacent discrete signals to the sampling time in a given time is the short-time current fluctuation rate. When the sampling time is fixed and unchanged, the short-time current fluctuation rate can be represented by the current direction change times in the sampling time directly.
Using the current signal I (n) as an input signal, calculating to obtain a short-time current fluctuation ratio W (n)
In the formula: n is less than or equal to N, and N is the length of the current signal I (N); sgn (x) is a function of the sign,
t (x) is a time window function;
in the formula: x is the designated time, and X is the designated time,
in order to facilitate the data processing of the singlechip, the short-time current fluctuation rate W (n) is converted into a current signal characteristic vector X (n),
X(n)＝F[W(n)-R β ] (2.1)
in the formula: r β For the determination of the threshold value, depending on the circuit environment, in a normal circuit, R β Causing the current signal to have a maximum amplitude;
the function F (x) is a transfer function,
for distinguishing fault arc, the similarity between the collected current signal and preset current signal is calculated to obtain current similarity ratio SimX of,
in the formula: cycle is the period of the feature vector X (n), cycle =20 under the conditions of a period of 20ms and a sampling time of 1 m; the abs (x) function is a function that finds absolute values.
Through current change similarity calculation and analysis, the current signal characteristic vectors of the fault-free arc circuit are all 0, and the current change similarity is 100%; the similarity of current changes is less than 70% when fault arcs occur.
The main control module 40 compares the voltage signal collected by the voltage transformer with a preset voltage to obtain a voltage similarity ratio.
The main control module 40 compares the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor with a preset temperature to obtain a temperature similarity ratio.
Step St33, the main control module 40 determines whether a fault arc occurs according to the alarm similarity ratio edited by the keys in advance. If the fault arc is judged to occur, the next step is carried out; and if the fault arc is judged not to occur, the step St10 is re-entered for signal acquisition.
Step St34, if the main control module 40 determines that the three signal similarity ratios are all lower than the alarm similarity ratio, it determines that a fault arc occurs, and generates an alarm signal, and disconnects the circuit breaker through the circuit breaker control device 603.
The intelligent fault arc detector can monitor various signals in the circuit in real time, and can make a judgment in time when judging that the fault arc occurs so as to send out an alarm and cut off the circuit. The device comprehensively judges whether the fault electric arc occurs by utilizing various signals, compares the collected current signal, voltage signal and temperature signal with the preset current signal, voltage signal and temperature signal to obtain the similarity ratio of the corresponding signals, and can judge the fault electric arc occurrence if all the signals are respectively lower than the preset alarm similarity ratio, thereby further reducing the possibility of misjudging the fault electric arc and preventing the fault electric arc from continuously generating high temperature to cause fire. The staff can also set up different warning similarity ratio to the circuit environment of different loads to make the fault arc of this circuit environment judge more accurately. The terminal electronic computer can record the data of the current signal, the voltage signal and the temperature signal collected by the equipment and the alarm times of each signal, and provides a basis for judging fault arcs of different load circuits in the future.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to assist in understanding the invention and are not intended to be limiting, and various alternatives, modifications and variations can be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An intelligent fault arc detector is characterized by comprising a power supply module (10), a signal acquisition module (20), a signal conditioning module (30), a main control module (40), a display module (50) and a processing module (60);
the processing module (60) is used for connecting to a terminal equipment electronic computer (70);
the power supply module (10) is respectively connected to the signal acquisition module (20), the signal conditioning module (30), the main control module (40), the display module (50) and the processing module (60) and is used for providing electric energy;
the signal acquisition module (20), the signal conditioning module (30) and the main control module (40) are sequentially connected, and the main control module (40) is also connected to the processing module (60) and the display module (50);
the signal acquisition module (20) is used for acquiring signals in an external circuit, and the signal conditioning module (30) is used for conditioning the acquired signals; the main control module (40) is used for analyzing whether a fault arc exists in the external circuit according to the collected signals and sending a control instruction to the processing module (60) when the fault arc exists in the external circuit;
the processing module (60) is used for executing the control instruction sent by the main control module (40), and the display module (50) is used for displaying the result analyzed by the main control module (40);
the signal acquisition module (20) comprises a voltage transformer (201), a current transformer (202) and a temperature sensor (203); the voltage transformer (201) and the current transformer (202) are respectively connected to the signal conditioning module (30), and the temperature sensor (203) is connected to the main control module (40); the voltage transformer (201) is used for collecting voltage signals and transmitting the voltage signals to the signal conditioning module (30), the current transformer (202) is used for collecting current signals and transmitting the current signals to the signal conditioning module (30), and the temperature sensor (203) is used for collecting temperature signals and transmitting the temperature signals to the main control module (40);
the main control module (40) is used for analyzing the fluctuation conditions of the acquired voltage signals, current signals and temperature signals in a fixed time so as to calculate a voltage similarity ratio, a current similarity ratio and a temperature similarity ratio;
the calculation of the current similarity ratio comprises the following processes:
using the current signal I (n) as an input signal, and calculating to obtain a short-time current fluctuation rate W (n) of
In the formula: n is less than or equal to N, and N is the length of the current signal I (N); sgn (x) is a sign function,
t (x) is a time window function;
in the formula: x is the designated time, and X is the designated time,
converting the short-time current fluctuation rate W (n) into a feature vector X (n),
X(n)＝F[W(n)-Rβ](2.1)
in the formula: r beta is a judgment threshold value, and is determined by the circuit environment,
the function F (x) is a transfer function,
the current similarity ratio Sim X is obtained by calculation,
in the formula: the cycle is the period of the feature vector X (n), and the abs (X) function is an absolute value function.
2. The intelligent fault arc detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein said signal conditioning module (30) comprises an amplifying circuit (301), a rectifying circuit (302) and a filtering circuit (303) connected in sequence; the amplifying circuit (301) is further connected to the voltage transformer (201) and the current transformer (202), the filtering circuit (303) is further connected to the main control module (40), and the amplifying circuit (301), the rectifying circuit (302) and the filtering circuit (303) are respectively used for amplifying, rectifying and filtering collected signals.
3. The intelligent arc fault detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display module (50) comprises a display screen (501) and a keyboard (502), the display screen (501) and the keyboard (502) are respectively connected to the main control module (40), the display screen (501) is used for displaying the results of the voltage similarity ratio, the current similarity ratio and the temperature similarity ratio calculated by the main control module (40), and the keyboard (502) is used for changing the judgment threshold value Rbeta, the voltage alarm similarity ratio, the current alarm similarity ratio and the temperature alarm similarity ratio.
4. The intelligent fault arc detector as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the processing module (60) comprises a communication socket device (601), an alarm device (602) and a circuit breaker control device (603) connected to the master control module (40), respectively; the communication socket device (601) is further connected to the terminal equipment electronic computer (70), the circuit breaker control device (603) is further connected to a circuit breaker in an external circuit; when the main control module (40) judges that the external circuit has fault electric arc, the alarm device (602) is controlled to send out an alarm signal and the circuit breaker control device (603) is controlled to break the circuit breaker; the communication socket device (601) is used for transmitting the result processed by the main control module (40) to the terminal equipment electronic computer (70).
5. The intelligent arc fault detector as claimed in claim 4, wherein said alarm means (602) comprises an acoustic generation means and a light generation means, and if said main control module (40) determines that the voltage similarity ratio is lower than the voltage alarm similarity ratio, determines that the current similarity ratio is lower than the current alarm similarity ratio, and determines that the temperature similarity ratio is lower than the temperature alarm similarity ratio, said main control module (40) determines that the external circuit has a fault arc and controls said acoustic generation means to emit an alarm sound, controls said light generation means to emit a flashing alarm light, and controls said circuit breaker control means (603) to open the circuit breaker.
6. The intelligent fault arc detector as claimed in claim 4, wherein said communication socket means (601) is configured to transmit said voltage similarity ratio, current similarity ratio and temperature similarity ratio to said terminal equipment electronic computer (70).
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