CN111912908B - All-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference - Google Patents
All-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference Download PDFInfo
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- CN111912908B CN111912908B CN202010787228.5A CN202010787228A CN111912908B CN 111912908 B CN111912908 B CN 111912908B CN 202010787228 A CN202010787228 A CN 202010787228A CN 111912908 B CN111912908 B CN 111912908B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
Abstract
The invention relates to an all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference. The first laser of the device is connected to the optical switch through an optical fiber; the optical switch is connected to the dielectric film through a plurality of paths of optical fibers, and the light absorption film is positioned on an emergent light path of the dielectric film; the second laser generates a reference light and a plurality of probe lights; the reference light passes through the acousto-optic frequency shifter and the second optical fiber coupler to generate first frequency-shifted reference light and a plurality of beams of second frequency-shifted reference light; the first frequency-shift reference light reaches the first photodiode through the third optical fiber coupler to generate a carrier signal; the detection light is reflected by the dielectric film and interferes with second frequency-shift reference light, the interference light reaches a second photodiode after passing through a fourth optical fiber coupler to generate a frequency modulation signal, and the frequency modulation signal and a carrier signal are input into a mixer to generate a frequency mixing signal; the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the mixing signals output by the mixers and obtaining vibration signals generated by the object to be detected. The invention can improve the flexibility and bandwidth of ultrasonic detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ultrasonic detection, in particular to an all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference.
Background
The ultrasonic detection technology is widely applied to the fields of nondestructive testing, biomedical imaging, marine reconnaissance and the like, and is one of the most important detection technologies at present. The core of the ultrasonic detection technology is an ultrasonic sensor, the traditional ultrasonic sensor is mostly made of piezoelectric materials, the sensor cannot simultaneously give consideration to high sensitivity and wide bandwidth, and in addition, strong electromagnetic interference exists, so that the application of the sensor is greatly limited.
The ultrasonic sensing based on laser interference has good electromagnetic interference resistance, can still ensure high sensitivity under a wide bandwidth, and is an ultrasonic detection scheme with a very promising prospect. To date, the existing optical ultrasonic detection system only generates ultrasound based on the photoinduced ultrasonic principle or detects the ultrasound based on laser interference, and cannot realize full-optical ultrasonic detection. And the ultrasonic detection system based on the optical fiber ultrasonic sensor is difficult to realize the array integration of a plurality of sensors, thereby greatly limiting the further popularization and application of the ultrasonic detection system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference so as to improve the sensitivity and bandwidth of ultrasonic detection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference, comprising: the device comprises a first laser, an optical switch, a dielectric film, a light absorption film, a second laser, a first optical fiber coupler, a plurality of optical fiber loop devices, an acousto-optic frequency shifter, a second optical fiber coupler, a third optical fiber coupler, a plurality of fourth optical fiber couplers, a first photodiode, a plurality of second photodiodes, a plurality of frequency mixers and a collecting unit;
the output end of the first laser is connected to the optical switch through an optical fiber; a plurality of output ends of the optical switch are respectively connected to the dielectric film through a plurality of paths of optical fibers, and the light absorption film is fixed on an emergent light path of the dielectric film; the light absorption film is used for absorbing the short laser pulse emitted by the first laser to generate photoinduced ultrasound;
the first optical fiber coupler is positioned on an emergent light path of the second laser, and a continuous laser beam emitted by the second laser is divided into an initial reference beam and a plurality of probe beams after passing through the first optical fiber coupler; the acousto-optic frequency shifter is positioned on the light path of the initial reference light; the initial reference light sequentially passes through the acousto-optic frequency shifter and the second optical fiber coupler to generate a plurality of frequency-shifted reference lights, wherein the plurality of frequency-shifted reference lights comprise a first frequency-shifted reference light and a second frequency-shifted reference light; the third optical fiber coupler is positioned on an emergent light path of the first frequency shift reference light, the first photodiode is positioned on an emergent light path of the third optical fiber coupler, and the first photodiode is used for outputting a plurality of paths of carrier signals;
a plurality of beams of the second frequency-shift reference light, a plurality of beams of the probe light, a plurality of the optical fiber circulators, a plurality of the fourth optical fiber couplers, a plurality of the second photodiodes, a plurality of carrier signals and a plurality of mixers are in one-to-one correspondence;
the optical fiber circulators are respectively positioned on the light paths of the multiple beams of detection light, each beam of detection light sequentially passes through the corresponding optical fiber circulators and then reaches the dielectric film, the dielectric film is used for reflecting the detection light, each beam of detection light is reflected and then interferes with the corresponding second frequency-shift reference light to generate interference light, the interference light sequentially passes through the corresponding fourth optical fiber coupler and then reaches the corresponding second photodiode to generate a frequency modulation signal, and the frequency modulation signal and the corresponding carrier signal are input into the corresponding mixer to generate a mixing signal; the acquisition unit is used for respectively acquiring a plurality of mixing signals output by the mixers and obtaining vibration signals generated by the object to be detected.
Optionally, the short laser pulse emitted by the first laser is irradiated to the dielectric film through the optical fiber corresponding to the optical switch gating branch, the short laser pulse penetrates through the dielectric film and then is irradiated to the light absorption film, and the photoinduced ultrasound generated by the light absorption film is used for detecting an object to be detected.
Optionally, the dielectric film is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of dielectric film layers, and has selective permeability to light with different wavelengths; the dielectric film is used for transmitting the short laser pulse emitted by the first laser and reflecting the continuous laser beam emitted by the second laser.
Optionally, the width of the ultrasonic pulse is 1-30 ns.
Optionally, the frequency band of the ultrasonic pulse is in a range of 0.5-60 MHz.
Optionally, the first frequency-shift reference light and the initial reference light are both incident to the third fiber coupler, and emergent light of the third fiber coupler is a light beam with carrier information.
Optionally, the system further comprises a first amplifier and a plurality of second amplifiers;
the input end of the first amplifier is electrically connected with the output end of the first photodiode, and the output end of the first amplifier is electrically connected with the first input ends of the mixers; the output end of the first amplifier outputs a plurality of paths of amplified signals which respectively enter the corresponding frequency mixers through the first input end;
the input ends of the second amplifiers are respectively and electrically connected with the output ends of the corresponding second photodiodes, and the output ends of the second amplifiers are respectively and electrically connected with the second input ends of the mixers;
the multi-path amplified signals output by the first amplifier, the plurality of second amplifiers and the plurality of mixers are in one-to-one correspondence.
Optionally, the first laser generates a laser short pulse with a wavelength of 532 nm.
Optionally, the continuous laser beam generated by the second laser has a wavelength of 1310 nm.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention can generate ultrasonic pulse for detecting the object to be detected through the dielectric film and the laser film, and has shorter pulse time compared with the prior art that vibration information caused by sound wave is acquired through a piezoelectric material. Compared with the scheme that only ultrasonic detection can be performed in the prior art, the method and the device generate photoinduced ultrasonic through the relevant optical path of the first laser, realize ultrasonic detection through the relevant optical path of the second laser, further integrate the generated ultrasonic with the received ultrasonic to form a whole, adjust the detection position directly through gating the corresponding optical fiber branch by the optical switch, and improve the integration level and the flexibility of ultrasonic detection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber array in an all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to the invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1-a first laser, 2-an optical switch, 3-a dielectric film, 4-a light absorption film, 5-a second laser, 6-an optical fiber circulator, 7-an acousto-optic frequency shifter, 8-a second optical fiber coupler, 9-a third optical fiber coupler, 10-a fourth optical fiber coupler, 11-a first photodiode, 12-a second photodiode, 13-an acquisition unit, 14-a first optical fiber coupler, 15-a first amplifier, 16-a second amplifier and 17-a frequency mixer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a first laser 1, an optical switch 2, a dielectric film 3, a light absorption film 4, a second laser 5, a first optical fiber coupler 14, a plurality of optical fiber circulators 6, an acousto-optic frequency shifter 7, a second optical fiber coupler 8, a third optical fiber coupler 9, a plurality of fourth optical fiber couplers 10, a first photodiode 11, a plurality of second photodiodes 12, a plurality of mixers 17 and an acquisition unit 13.
The output end of the first laser 1 is connected to the optical switch 2 through an optical fiber; a plurality of output ends of the optical switch 2 are respectively connected to the dielectric film 3 through a plurality of paths of optical fibers, and the optical switch 2 comprises m output ends which are correspondingly connected with m paths of optical fibers. The light absorption film 4 is fixed on an emergent light path of the dielectric film 3, and the dielectric film 3 is used for absorbing short laser pulses emitted by the first laser 1. The part forms a photoinduced ultrasonic excitation light path, specifically, a first pulse laser emits a short laser pulse, the short laser pulse is gated to a certain optical fiber through an optical switch 2, the short laser pulse penetrates through a dielectric film 3 and irradiates a specific part of a light absorption film 4, and the light absorption film 4 generates photoinduced ultrasonic pulses for carrying out ultrasonic detection on an object to be detected. The dielectric film 3 is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of dielectric film layers, has selective transmittance to light, has high transmittance to short laser pulses emitted by a first laser 1, is almost transparent, is opaque to continuous laser beams emitted by a second laser, and has the reflectivity of more than 99%.
In the field of ultrasonic detection, the object to be measured is usually a biological tissue or an industrial device. The space scanning of the short pulse sound source can be realized by switching different laser excitation positions through the optical switch 2.
The first optical fiber coupler 14 is located on an emergent light path of the second laser 5, and a continuous laser beam emitted by the second laser 5 is divided into an initial reference beam and a plurality of probe beams after passing through the first optical fiber coupler 14, wherein the probe beams are n beams in the figure; the acousto-optic frequency shifter 7 is positioned on the optical path of the initial reference light; the acousto-optic frequency shifter 7 is used for shifting the frequency of initial reference light, the second optical fiber coupler 8 is a 1 xN optical fiber coupler, the initial reference light sequentially passes through the acousto-optic frequency shifter 7 and the second optical fiber coupler 8 to generate a plurality of frequency-shifted reference lights, the plurality of frequency-shifted reference lights comprise a first frequency-shifted reference light beam and a second frequency-shifted reference light beam, and the second frequency-shifted reference light beam is N beams in the figure; the third optical fiber coupler 9 is a 2 × 1 optical fiber coupler, the third optical fiber coupler 9 is located on the emergent light path of the first frequency-shifted reference light, and the input of the third optical fiber coupler 9 is the initial reference light and the first frequency-shifted reference light. The first photodiode 11 is located on an emergent light path of the third optical fiber coupler 9, the emergent light of the third optical fiber coupler 9 is a light beam with carrier information, and after the emergent light of the third optical fiber coupler 9 reaches the first photodiode 11, a plurality of paths of carrier signals are generated. The optical fiber circulators 6 are respectively located on the optical paths of the multiple probe lights, each probe light sequentially passes through the corresponding optical fiber circulator 6 and then reaches the dielectric film 3, the dielectric film 3 is used for reflecting the probe light, each probe light is reflected and then interferes with the corresponding second frequency-shift reference light to generate interference light, the interference light sequentially passes through the corresponding fourth optical fiber coupler 10 and then reaches the corresponding second photodiode 12 to generate a frequency modulation signal, and the frequency modulation signal and the corresponding carrier signal are input into the corresponding mixer 17 to generate a frequency mixing signal; the fourth optical fiber coupler 10 is a 2 × 1 optical fiber coupler; the collecting unit 13 is configured to collect a plurality of mixing signals output by the mixers 17 to obtain a vibration signal generated by the object to be measured. This part is the process of laser interference acquisition of ultrasound signals.
Specifically, the laser light emitted from the second laser 5 is divided into a plurality of beams, one of which is used as the initial reference light (f)0) A beam of reference light (f) entering the acousto-optic frequency shifter 7 to obtain a frequency shifted frequency0+fa) And the rest n beams are used as probe light. The laser that first laser instrument 1 produced arrives light absorption membrane 4, can produce the photoinduced ultrasonic wave behind the light absorption membrane 4 absorption pulse laser, and photoinduced ultrasonic wave strikes the object that awaits measuring, is received by dielectric film 3 after the object reflection that awaits measuring, arouses the vibration of dielectric film 3. Due to Doppler effectThe probe light passes through the optical fiber loop 6 and reaches the dielectric film 3 to generate a reflected probe light, and the frequency (f) of the reflected probe light is0+ f (t)) varies with the vibration of the dielectric film 3, and therefore the vibration information is modulated in the light frequency variation. The probe light is reflected by the dielectric film 3 and interferes with the frequency-shifted reference light to generate a light intensity change (f)a-f (t)) detected by the second photodiode 12 to obtain a frequency modulated signal containing vibration information. The mixer 17 mixes the frequency-modulated signal with a carrier signal (f)a) The frequency mixing is performed, i.e. the demodulation output signal f (t) is proportional to the vibration signal generated by the object to be measured, and the demodulation output signal f (t) is collected by the collecting unit 13 to obtain the vibration signal of the object to be measured.
As shown in the figure, a plurality of beams of the second frequency-shifted reference light, a plurality of beams of the probe light, a plurality of the optical fiber circulators 6, a plurality of the fourth optical fiber couplers 10, a plurality of the second photodiodes 12, a plurality of carrier signals, and a plurality of mixers 17 correspond to one another. Specifically, a beam of probe light reaches the dielectric film 3 through the optical fiber circulator 6, the probe light reflected by the dielectric film 3 interferes with a beam of second frequency-shift reference light to generate interference light, the interference light passes through a fourth optical fiber coupler 10 and then reaches a second photodiode 12 to generate a frequency modulation signal, and the frequency modulation signal and one path of carrier signal are mixed in a mixer 17 to recover the signal of each path.
As a specific example, the first laser 1 of the present invention generates a short pulse of laser light having a wavelength of 532nm, and the second laser 5 generates a laser beam having a wavelength of 1310 nm. The dielectric film 3 is completely transmissive to the short laser pulses generated by the first laser 1 and reflective to the laser beam generated by the second laser 5. At this time, after the short laser pulse generated by the first laser 1 reaches the light absorption film 4, the width of the generated ultrasonic pulse is 1-30ns, and the frequency band of the ultrasonic pulse is 0.5-60 MHz.
As a specific embodiment, in the present invention, the first frequency-shift reference light and the initial reference light are both incident to the third optical fiber coupler 9, the emergent light of the third optical fiber coupler 9 is a light beam with carrier information, and after the emergent light of the third optical fiber coupler 9 reaches the first photodiode 11, a multi-channel carrier signal is generated.
As a specific embodiment, the all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference further comprises a first amplifier 15 and a plurality of second amplifiers 16; the input end of the first amplifier 15 is electrically connected to the output end of the first photodiode 11, at this time, the first photodiode 11 generates one path of carrier signal, the one path of carrier signal is amplified by the first amplifier 15 to generate a plurality of paths of amplified signals, a plurality of output ends of the first amplifier 15 are respectively electrically connected to the first input ends of the mixers 17, and each path of amplified signal is respectively input to one mixer 17 through the first input end of the mixer; the input terminals of the plurality of second amplifiers 16 are electrically connected to the output terminals of the corresponding second photodiodes 12, the output terminals of the plurality of second amplifiers 16 are electrically connected to the second input terminals of the plurality of mixers 17, and the amplified signal output from each second amplifier 16 is input to one mixer 17 through the second input terminal of the corresponding mixer 17. The first photodiode 11 and the second photodiode 12 convert respective optical signals into electrical signals, and then amplify the electrical signals through the corresponding first amplifier 15 and the second amplifier 16, and the amplified frequency modulation electrical signals and the amplified carrier electrical signals are firstly processed by the mixer 17 and then acquired by the acquisition unit 13.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber array in an all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to the invention. As shown in fig. 2, the optical fiber array includes a first optical fiber 2-1, a second optical fiber 2-2, and a ceramic housing 2-3. The first optical fiber 2-1 is an optical fiber connected with a first laser through an optical switch, the number of the first optical fibers 2-1 is m, and m optical fibers are selected from the optical fiber array according to a specific rule according to actual requirements to be connected with the first laser and used for transmitting light beams of the first laser and generating ultrasound. The second optical fiber 2-2 is an optical fiber connected with a second laser, the remaining n optical fibers in the optical fiber array except the first optical fiber 2-1 are the second optical fibers 2-2, and the second optical fibers 2-2 are connected with the second laser.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a first laser, an optical switch, a dielectric film, a light absorption film, a second laser, a first optical fiber coupler, a plurality of optical fiber loop devices, an acousto-optic frequency shifter, a second optical fiber coupler, a third optical fiber coupler, a plurality of fourth optical fiber couplers, a first photodiode, a plurality of second photodiodes, a plurality of frequency mixers and a collecting unit;
the output end of the first laser is connected to the optical switch through an optical fiber; a plurality of output ends of the optical switch are respectively connected to the dielectric film through a plurality of paths of optical fibers, and the light absorption film is fixed on an emergent light path of the dielectric film; the light absorption film is used for absorbing the short laser pulse emitted by the first laser to generate photoinduced ultrasound;
the first optical fiber coupler is positioned on an emergent light path of the second laser, and a continuous laser beam emitted by the second laser is divided into an initial reference beam and a plurality of probe beams after passing through the first optical fiber coupler; the acousto-optic frequency shifter is positioned on the light path of the initial reference light; the initial reference light sequentially passes through the acousto-optic frequency shifter and the second optical fiber coupler to generate a plurality of frequency-shifted reference lights, wherein the plurality of frequency-shifted reference lights comprise a first frequency-shifted reference light and a second frequency-shifted reference light; the third optical fiber coupler is positioned on an emergent light path of the first frequency shift reference light, the first frequency shift reference light and the initial reference light are both incident to the third optical fiber coupler, and emergent light of the third optical fiber coupler is a light beam with carrier information; the first photodiode is positioned on an emergent light path of the third optical fiber coupler and used for outputting a plurality of paths of carrier signals;
a plurality of beams of the second frequency-shift reference light, a plurality of beams of the probe light, a plurality of the optical fiber circulators, a plurality of the fourth optical fiber couplers, a plurality of the second photodiodes, a plurality of carrier signals and a plurality of mixers are in one-to-one correspondence;
the optical fiber circulators are respectively positioned on the light paths of the multiple beams of detection light, each beam of detection light sequentially passes through the corresponding optical fiber circulators and then reaches the dielectric film, the dielectric film is used for reflecting the detection light, each beam of detection light is reflected and then interferes with the corresponding second frequency-shift reference light to generate interference light, the interference light sequentially passes through the corresponding fourth optical fiber coupler and then reaches the corresponding second photodiode to generate a frequency modulation signal, and the frequency modulation signal and the corresponding carrier signal are input into the corresponding mixer to generate a mixing signal; the acquisition unit is used for respectively acquiring a plurality of mixing signals output by the mixers and obtaining vibration signals generated by the object to be detected.
2. The all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to claim 1, wherein short laser pulses emitted by the first laser are irradiated to the dielectric film through an optical fiber corresponding to the optical switch gating branch, the short laser pulses penetrate through the dielectric film and then are irradiated to the light absorption film, and photoinduced ultrasound generated by the light absorption film is used for detecting an object to be detected.
3. The all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to claim 2, wherein the dielectric film is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of dielectric film layers and has selective permeability to light with different wavelengths; the dielectric film is used for transmitting the short laser pulse emitted by the first laser and reflecting the continuous laser beam emitted by the second laser.
4. The all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to claim 2, wherein the pulse width of the photoinduced ultrasound is 1-30 ns.
5. The all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to claim 4, wherein the pulse frequency band of the photoinduced ultrasound is in the range of 0.5-60 MHz.
6. The all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to claim 1, further comprising a first amplifier and a plurality of second amplifiers;
the input end of the first amplifier is connected with the output end of the first photodiode, and the output end of the first amplifier is electrically connected with the first input ends of the mixers; the output end of the first amplifier outputs a plurality of paths of amplified signals which respectively enter the corresponding frequency mixers through the first input end;
the input ends of the second amplifiers are respectively and electrically connected with the output ends of the corresponding second photodiodes, and the output ends of the second amplifiers are respectively and electrically connected with the second input ends of the mixers;
the multi-path amplified signals output by the first amplifier, the plurality of second amplifiers and the plurality of mixers are in one-to-one correspondence.
7. The all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to claim 1, wherein the first laser generates laser short pulse with wavelength of 532 nm.
8. The all-optical ultrasonic detection device based on photoinduced ultrasound and laser interference according to claim 2, wherein the continuous laser beam generated by the second laser has a wavelength of 1310 nm.
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