CN111912890A - Preparation method of carbon quantum dot/nano-silver modified foamed nickel electrode - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foam nickel electrode, which comprises the following steps: respectively preparing a nano silver solution and a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution, taking the nano silver solution as an electrolyte, taking foamed nickel as a working electrode for deposition, drying the electrode after deposition to obtain a modified electrode, taking the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution as the electrolyte, taking the modified electrode as the working electrode for deposition, and drying the electrode after deposition to obtain the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode. The carbon quantum dot/nano-silver modified foamed nickel electrode can exert the functions of nano-silver and the carbon quantum dot synergistically, and is more sensitive and reliable and wider in detection range than a single nano-material (nano-silver or carbon quantum dot) modified electrode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrode preparation methods, and relates to a preparation method of a carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foam nickel electrode.
Background
The nano silver has the characteristics of good biocompatibility, low toxicity, high electrocatalytic activity and the like, and is generated due to the characteristics of small size, large specific surface area, high surface energy and the like of the nano silver. In recent years, the quantity of nano-silver related products is increasing, the yield is rapidly increasing, and the nano-silver related products are widely applied to the fields of industry, medical treatment and the like. The carbon quantum dot is a novel nano carbon material, the size of the carbon quantum dot is less than 10nm, the carbon quantum dot is similar to graphene or an amorphous carbon core in structure, and oxygen-containing functional groups are enriched on the surface of the carbon quantum dot. The carbon quantum dots and the semiconductor quantum dots have similar fluorescence characteristics, but have the advantages of low toxicity, good biocompatibility, low cost and the like, and have wide application prospects in many aspects, such as ion detection and the like. Carbon quantum dots and nano-silver have attracted much attention in the field of electrochemical sensors due to their unique and excellent properties. In the process of constructing an electrochemical sensor, it is crucial for the performance of the sensor to select a suitable material to modify the electrodes. Compared with a single material, the composite material can exert the advantages of each component material synergistically.
The selection of the preparation method of the modified electrode may have many influences, even influence the activity, stability, reproducibility and the like of the modified electrode, and is related to the advantages and disadvantages of the electrode. The modified electrode prepared by the existing method for preparing the modified electrode has poor anti-interference performance and stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode, which solves the problems of poor anti-interference performance and stability of the prepared modified electrode in the prior art.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that a preparation method of a carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foam nickel electrode comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a nano silver solution;
step 2, preparing a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution:
adding a mixed solution of F127, glucose and deionized water into a reaction kettle, then placing the reaction kettle in a drying box for heat treatment to obtain a reaction liquid, and carrying out centrifugal separation on the reaction liquid to obtain a supernatant, namely a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution;
and 3, depositing nano silver:
depositing by taking a nano silver solution as electrolyte and foamed nickel as a working electrode, and drying the electrode after the deposition is finished to obtain a modified electrode;
step 4, depositing carbon quantum dots:
and (3) taking the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution as electrolyte, taking the modified electrode as a working electrode for deposition, and drying the electrode after deposition to obtain the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the method for preparing the nano silver solution in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
respectively preheating the trisodium citrate solution and the silver nitrate solution, mixing, and heating and boiling the mixed solution until the solution becomes pale yellow to obtain the nano-silver solution.
The concentration of the trisodium citrate solution is 0.5-5 g/L, the concentration of the silver nitrate solution is 0.02-0.2 g/L, and the volume ratio of the trisodium citrate solution to the silver nitrate solution is 1: 1-1: 4.
the preheating temperature of the trisodium citrate solution and the preheating temperature of the silver nitrate solution are both 60-90 ℃, and the heat preservation time after mixing is 0.2-2 h.
In the step 2, the concentration of F127 is 0.3-0.9 g/L, and the concentration of glucose is 0.81-8.1 g/L.
The temperature of the heat treatment in the step 2 is 180-220 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 24-48 h.
In the deposition process in the step 3: the deposition voltage is 4-6V, and the deposition time is 1-4 h.
In the deposition process in the step 4: the deposition potential is 3-5V, and the deposition time is 4-8 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the preparation method of the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foam nickel electrode, nano silver has a local surface plasma resonance effect, excellent conductivity and electrocatalysis, good biocompatibility and can convert biological recognition reaction into an amplified electrical signal; the carbon quantum dots have special performances such as high specific surface area, high catalytic activity, multiple active sites and the like, and have limitations in the aspects of conductivity, biocompatibility, stability, specific surface area, catalytic activity, detection substance category and the like when being independently used as an electrode modification material in electrochemical detection; the carbon quantum dot and the nano silver are used as the modified material composite modified foam nickel electrode, the functions of the nano silver and the carbon quantum dot can be cooperatively exerted, and the obtained carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foam nickel electrode is more sensitive, more reliable and wider in detection range than a single nano material (nano silver or carbon quantum dot) modified electrode; by adopting an electrochemical deposition method, the nano silver and carbon quantum dots are rapidly deposited on the foamed nickel electrode by adjusting the deposition point position and the deposition time, so that the nano silver/carbon quantum dot modified electrode is prepared, a stable nano silver/carbon quantum dot modified layer is formed, the electrochemical detection range of the electrode is expanded, and the anti-interference capability and stability in the electrochemical detection process are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of an example 2 of a method for preparing a carbon quantum dot/nano-silver modified nickel foam electrode according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of example 3 of a method for preparing a carbon quantum dot/nano-silver modified nickel foam electrode according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of example 4 of the method for preparing a carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified nickel foam electrode according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A preparation method of a carbon quantum dot/nano-silver modified foam nickel electrode comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a nano silver solution:
respectively preheating a trisodium citrate solution and a silver nitrate solution, mixing, and heating and boiling the mixed solution until the solution becomes pale yellow to obtain a nano-silver solution;
specifically, deionized water is adopted to prepare a trisodium citrate solution with the concentration of 0.5-5 g/L and a silver nitrate solution with the concentration of 0.02-0.2 g/L respectively, in order to ensure that the trisodium citrate solution and the silver nitrate solution are uniformly mixed at the same temperature, the reaction temperature is determined, the trisodium citrate solution and the silver nitrate solution are respectively preheated to 60-90 ℃ and then mixed, and the mixing volume ratio is 1: 1-1: and 4, preserving heat for 0.2-2 h after mixing, and heating and boiling the obtained mixed solution for 3-10 min until the solution becomes light yellow to obtain the nano-silver solution.
Step 2, preparing a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution:
adding 90mL of a mixed solution of a morphology control agent F127 of the carbon quantum dots, carbon source glucose and deionized water into 100mL of a reaction kettle with a stainless steel shell and a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, then placing the reaction kettle in a ZK type drying box, carrying out heat treatment for 24-48 h at the temperature of 180-220 ℃ to obtain a reaction solution, and carrying out centrifugal separation on the reaction solution at 8000rpm for 15min to obtain a supernatant, namely a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution;
f127 is one of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymers, the concentration of the F127 is 0.3-0.9 g/L, and the concentration of glucose is 0.81-8.1 g/L.
And 3, depositing nano silver:
depositing nano silver by taking a nano silver solution as an electrolyte and taking foamed nickel of 1 multiplied by 3cm as a working electrode, wherein the deposition voltage is 4-6V, the deposition time is 1-4 h, and after the deposition is finished, drying the electrode in a drying oven at 90 ℃ to obtain a modified electrode;
step 4, depositing carbon quantum dots:
and (3) taking the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution as electrolyte, taking the modified electrode as a working electrode for deposition, setting the deposition potential to be 3-5V, setting the deposition time to be 4-8 h, and drying the electrode in a drying oven at 90 ℃ after deposition is finished to obtain the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode.
Through the mode, the invention provides the preparation method of the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foam nickel electrode, and the nano silver has the advantages of local surface plasma resonance effect, excellent conductivity, excellent electro-catalysis performance and good biocompatibility, and can convert biological recognition reaction into amplified electrical signals; the carbon quantum dots have special performances such as high specific surface area, high catalytic activity, multiple active sites and the like, and have limitations in the aspects of conductivity, biocompatibility, stability, specific surface area, catalytic activity, detection substance category and the like when being independently used as an electrode modification material in electrochemical detection; the carbon quantum dot and the nano silver are used as the modified material composite modified foam nickel electrode, the functions of the nano silver and the carbon quantum dot can be cooperatively exerted, and the obtained carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foam nickel electrode is more sensitive, more reliable and wider in detection range than a single nano material (nano silver or carbon quantum dot) modified electrode; by adopting an electrochemical deposition method, positive and negative ions in an electrolyte solution are transferred under the action of an external electric field and react on an electrode, and the ions form a coating on the surface of the electrode through oxidation reduction. The method can conveniently change the components and deposition conditions of the deposition solution, control the thickness and the structure of the deposition layer, and thus prepare the proper grain size, composition and structure by controlling the deposition parameters. Electrochemical deposition methods can deposit not only ions but also charged particles. In addition, the modified electrode prepared by the electrochemical deposition method has good anti-interference performance and stability, and the experimental process is easy to control, quick and effective.
Example 1
Firstly, respectively preparing 0.5g/L trisodium citrate solution and 0.02g/L silver nitrate solution by using deionized water, wherein the volume ratio of the trisodium citrate solution to the silver nitrate solution is 1: 1, placing the two solutions in a drying box to be preheated to 60 ℃; then, dropwise adding the trisodium citrate solution into the silver nitrate solution, rapidly stirring, and keeping the temperature at 60 ℃ for 0.2 h; and heating and boiling the obtained mixed solution for 3min until the solution becomes light yellow to obtain the nano-silver solution. Then deionized water is used for preparing a mixed solution of F127 and glucose, the concentration of the F127 is 0.3g/L, the concentration of the glucose is 0.81g/L, 90ml of the mixed solution is added into a 100ml reaction kettle and placed in a drying oven, and heat treatment is carried out for 24h at 180 ℃. And centrifuging the obtained reaction solution at 8000rpm for 15min, and taking supernatant after centrifugation is finished, namely the prepared carbon quantum dot aqueous solution. And finally, preparing a modified electrode by using a multi-path direct-current voltage and current stabilizing power supply, depositing nano silver by using the prepared nano silver solution as electrolyte and 1 multiplied by 3cm of foamed nickel as a working electrode, wherein the deposition potential is 4V, the deposition time is 1h, and after the deposition is finished, drying the electrode at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified electrode. And depositing the carbon quantum dots, taking a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution as an electrolyte, taking the modified electrode as a working electrode, setting the deposition potential to be 3V and the deposition time to be 8h, and drying the electrode at 90 ℃ after the deposition is finished to obtain the prepared carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode.
Example 2
Preparing 2g/L trisodium citrate solution and 0.1g/L silver nitrate solution by using deionized water, wherein the volume ratio of the trisodium citrate solution to the silver nitrate solution is 1: 4, placing the two solutions in a drying box and preheating to 60 ℃; then, dropwise adding the trisodium citrate solution into the silver nitrate solution, rapidly stirring, and keeping the temperature at 60 ℃ for 0.5 h; and heating and boiling the obtained mixed solution for 5min until the solution becomes light yellow to obtain the nano-silver solution. Then deionized water is used for preparing a mixed solution of F127 and glucose, the concentration of the F127 is 0.3g/L, the concentration of the glucose is 2.7g/L, 90ml of the mixed solution is added into a 100ml reaction kettle and placed in a drying oven, and heat treatment is carried out for 24h at 180 ℃. And centrifuging the obtained reaction solution at 8000rpm for 15min, and taking supernatant after centrifugation is finished, namely the prepared carbon quantum dot aqueous solution. And finally, preparing a modified electrode by using a multi-path direct-current voltage and current stabilizing power supply, depositing nano silver by using the prepared nano silver solution as electrolyte and 1 multiplied by 3cm of foamed nickel as a working electrode, wherein the deposition potential is 4V, the deposition time is 1h, and after the deposition is finished, drying the electrode at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified electrode. And depositing the carbon quantum dots, taking a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution as an electrolyte, taking the modified electrode as a working electrode, setting the deposition potential to be 3V and the deposition time to be 8h, and drying the electrode at 90 ℃ after the deposition is finished to obtain the prepared carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode.
In the attached figure 1, the lower layer is deposited nano silver, the upper layer is deposited carbon quantum dots, the more white the upper layer represents the more carbon, and the less white the upper layer represents the more silver. The carbon content of the modified electrode obtained in example 1 was high.
Example 3
Preparing 2g/L trisodium citrate solution and 0.1g/L silver nitrate solution by using deionized water, wherein the volume ratio of the trisodium citrate solution to the silver nitrate solution is 1: 2, placing the two solutions in a drying oven and preheating to 80 ℃. The trisodium citrate solution was then added dropwise to the silver nitrate solution and stirred rapidly, incubated at 80 ℃ for 0.5 h. And heating and boiling the obtained mixed solution for 4min until the solution becomes light yellow to obtain the nano-silver solution. Then deionized water is used for preparing a mixed solution of F127 and glucose, the concentration of the F127 is 0.6g/L, the concentration of the glucose is 2.7g/L, 90ml of the mixed solution is added into a 100ml reaction kettle and placed in a drying oven, and heat treatment is carried out for 36h at 200 ℃. And centrifuging the obtained reaction solution at 8000rpm for 15min, and taking supernatant after centrifugation is finished, namely the prepared carbon quantum dot aqueous solution. And (3) taking the prepared nano silver solution as electrolyte, taking foamed nickel with the thickness of 1 multiplied by 3cm as a working electrode to deposit nano silver, wherein the deposition potential is 5V, the deposition time is 2h, and after the deposition is finished, drying the electrode at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified electrode. And depositing the carbon quantum dots, taking a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution as an electrolyte, taking a modified electrode as a working electrode, setting the deposition potential to be 4V, setting the deposition time to be 6h, and drying the electrode at 90 ℃ after the deposition is finished to obtain the prepared carbon quantum dot/nano-silver modified foamed nickel electrode.
Example 4
Preparing 2g/L trisodium citrate solution and 0.1g/L silver nitrate solution by using deionized water, wherein the volume ratio of the trisodium citrate solution to the silver nitrate solution is 1: 1, placing the two solutions in a drying oven and preheating to 90 ℃. The trisodium citrate solution was then added dropwise to the silver nitrate solution and stirred rapidly, incubated at 90 ℃ for 0.5 h. And heating and boiling the obtained mixed solution for 5min until the solution becomes light yellow to obtain the nano-silver solution. Then deionized water is used for preparing a mixed solution of F127 and glucose, the concentration of the F127 is 0.9g/L, the concentration of the glucose is 2.7g/L, 90ml of the mixed solution is added into a 100ml reaction kettle and placed in a drying oven, and heat treatment is carried out for 48h at 220 ℃. And centrifuging the obtained reaction solution at 8000rpm for 15min, and taking supernatant after centrifugation is finished, namely the prepared carbon quantum dot aqueous solution. And (3) taking the prepared nano silver solution as electrolyte, taking foamed nickel with the thickness of 1 multiplied by 3cm as a working electrode to deposit nano silver, wherein the deposition potential is 6V, the deposition time is 4h, and after the deposition is finished, drying the electrode at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified electrode. And depositing the carbon quantum dots, taking a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution as an electrolyte, taking a modified electrode as a working electrode, setting the deposition potential to be 5V, setting the deposition time to be 8h, and drying the electrode at 90 ℃ after the deposition is finished to obtain the prepared carbon quantum dot/nano-silver modified foamed nickel electrode. In fig. 3, the lower layer is deposited nano silver, and the upper layer is deposited carbon quantum dots. The modified electrode obtained in example 3 had a large silver content.
Example 5
Preparing 5g/L trisodium citrate solution and 0.2g/L silver nitrate solution by using deionized water, wherein the volume ratio of the trisodium citrate solution to the silver nitrate solution is 1: 4, placing the two solutions in a drying box to be preheated to 90 ℃; then, dropwise adding the trisodium citrate solution into the silver nitrate solution, rapidly stirring, and keeping the temperature at 90 ℃ for 2 hours; and heating and boiling the obtained mixed solution for 10min until the solution becomes light yellow to obtain the nano-silver solution. Then deionized water is used for preparing a mixed solution of F127 and glucose, the concentration of the F127 is 0.9g/L, the concentration of the glucose is 8.1g/L, 90ml of the mixed solution is added into a 100ml reaction kettle and placed in a drying oven, and heat treatment is carried out for 48h at 220 ℃. And centrifuging the obtained reaction solution at 8000rpm for 15min, and taking supernatant after centrifugation is finished, namely the prepared carbon quantum dot aqueous solution. And finally, preparing a modified electrode by using a multi-path direct-current voltage and current stabilizing power supply, depositing nano silver by using the prepared nano silver solution as electrolyte and 1 multiplied by 3cm of foamed nickel as a working electrode, wherein the deposition potential is 6V, the deposition time is 4h, and after the deposition is finished, drying the electrode at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified electrode. And depositing the carbon quantum dots, taking a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution as an electrolyte, taking the modified electrode as a working electrode, setting the deposition potential to be 5V and the deposition time to be 8h, and drying the electrode at 90 ℃ after the deposition is finished to obtain the prepared carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foam nickel electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing a nano silver solution;
step 2, preparing a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution:
adding a mixed solution of F127, glucose and deionized water into a reaction kettle, then placing the reaction kettle in a drying box for heat treatment to obtain a reaction liquid, and carrying out centrifugal separation on the reaction liquid to obtain a supernatant, namely a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution;
and 3, depositing nano silver:
depositing by taking the nano silver solution as electrolyte and foamed nickel as a working electrode, and drying the electrode after deposition to obtain a modified electrode;
step 4, depositing carbon quantum dots:
and taking the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution as electrolyte, taking the modified electrode as a working electrode for deposition, and drying the electrode after deposition to obtain the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode.
2. The method for preparing the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified nickel foam electrode according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the nano silver solution in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
respectively preheating the trisodium citrate solution and the silver nitrate solution, mixing, and heating and boiling the mixed solution until the solution becomes pale yellow to obtain the nano-silver solution.
3. The method for preparing the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified nickel foam electrode as claimed in claim 2, wherein the concentration of the trisodium citrate solution is 0.5-5 g/L, the concentration of the silver nitrate solution is 0.02-0.2 g/L, and the volume ratio of the trisodium citrate solution to the silver nitrate solution is 1: 1-1: 4.
4. the method for preparing the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode as claimed in claim 2, wherein the preheating temperature of the trisodium citrate solution and the preheating temperature of the silver nitrate solution are both 60-90 ℃, and the heat preservation time after mixing is 0.2-2 h.
5. The method for preparing the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of F127 in the step 2 is 0.3-0.9 g/L, and the concentration of glucose is 0.81-8.1 g/L.
6. The method for preparing the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified foamed nickel electrode according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment temperature in the step 2 is 180-220 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 24-48 h.
7. The method for preparing the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified nickel foam electrode according to claim 1, wherein in the deposition process in the step 3: the deposition voltage is 4-6V, and the deposition time is 1-4 h.
8. The method for preparing the carbon quantum dot/nano silver modified nickel foam electrode according to claim 1, wherein in the deposition process in the step 4: the deposition potential is 3-5V, and the deposition time is 4-8 h.
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