CN111912547A - Hardness plug temperature measurement method - Google Patents
Hardness plug temperature measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111912547A CN111912547A CN202010605597.8A CN202010605597A CN111912547A CN 111912547 A CN111912547 A CN 111912547A CN 202010605597 A CN202010605597 A CN 202010605597A CN 111912547 A CN111912547 A CN 111912547A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/04—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving solid bodies
- G01K13/08—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving solid bodies in rotary movement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of temperature measurement, in particular to a hardness plug temperature measurement method. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a hardness plug; 2) drilling a hole on the surface of the disc-shaped object to be detected; 3) installing the hardness plug into a drilling hole of an object to be tested; 4) carrying out a simulation experiment on the object to be tested, taking out the hardness plug after the experiment is finished, and measuring the hardness of the hardness plug to obtain the temperature distribution of the object to be tested during working; the surface drilling holes of the object to be tested are divided into a surface group and an internal group, the surface drilling holes extend to the inside of the object to be tested along the axial direction of the object to be tested, and the depths of the adjacent surface group drilling holes are the same; the inner drilling holes extend to the inside of the object to be detected along the axial direction of the object to be detected, and the depths of the adjacent inner drilling holes are different. The measuring method is extremely simple, can more accurately reflect the temperature distribution conditions of the inner part and the working surface of the object to be measured compared with the prior art, has more accurate measuring mode and has great popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of temperature measurement, in particular to a hardness plug temperature measurement method.
Background
One side of an engine flywheel of the heavy truck is connected with a crankshaft, and the other side of the engine flywheel of the heavy truck is in contact with a clutch driven disc, so that the temperature of the engine flywheel can be continuously increased under the action of friction force in the starting and continuous running processes of the vehicle, the engine flywheel gradually reaches the highest temperature in a short time in the working process, the temperature distribution uniformity in the working process of the engine flywheel can be known by measuring the highest temperature distribution of the engine flywheel so as to evaluate the deformation condition of the flywheel under high temperature, the pressing force change of the clutch and the like, and whether the engine flywheel is abnormally heated in the working. The method has important significance for optimizing the flywheel structure of the engine and meeting the use temperature requirement.
At present, the temperature measuring method in engineering mainly comprises two main types: electrical (thermocouple, non-contact mutual inductance and infrared telemetry) and non-electrical (hardness plug and fusible alloy). The thermocouple measuring method has the advantages of high dynamic response speed, high precision and multi-point measurement, and can measure the steady temperature of the piston under variable working conditions; the thermocouple has the disadvantages that the structure is complex, and the support, the auxiliary connecting rod or the four-connecting-rod mechanism of the additional structure moving and static sliding sheets of the thermocouple has certain influence on the temperature field of the piston. Compared with a thermocouple, the non-electrical measurement methods such as a hardness plug method, a fusible alloy method and the like are stable and reliable, the installation is convenient, and no lead is transmitted, so that the defect of low measurement precision can be overcome by arranging a large number of measurement points, and the application in engineering is convenient. Tohowei and the like design a flywheel temperature measuring device which consists of a power supply conditioning circuit, a temperature measuring sensor and data sending equipment and is used for measuring the temperature of a flywheel in the working process.
At present, some cases of applying hardness plug temperature measurement to engine parts exist, for example, a hardness plug method is divided into two working conditions such as money work and the like to carry out experimental measurement on the temperature of a piston and a cylinder cover of a YC6108 diesel engine so as to know the thermal load conditions of the piston and the cylinder cover of the YC6108 diesel engine and examine the tolerance capability of the piston and the cylinder cover for bearing the thermal load. The working temperatures of the characteristic points at the top and the side of the piston are actually measured by a hardness plug thermometry method, and the temperature distribution rule and the internal factors thereof are analyzed. The hardness plug embedding auxiliary tool and the hardness plug embedding method have been developed, and the hardness plug embedding auxiliary tool utilizes guide holes with equal intervals to fill various sample pieces, so that the hardness plugs are arranged in an array form according to fixed intervals, the uniformity of the arrangement and the intervals of the hardness plugs is effectively ensured, the problem that the hardness plugs are easy to be knocked and fallen in the placing process is solved, the sample preparation difficulty is reduced, and the sample preparation efficiency is improved.
However, the existing hardness plug measuring method is only to measure the surface temperature of the object to be measured, and cannot truly reflect the temperature change condition of the object to be measured, especially the objects such as an engine flywheel and a clutch pressure plate during the working process of a heavy truck, so that a new hardness plug measuring method needs to be provided for temperature measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing measuring method in the background art cannot reflect the change condition of the internal temperature of an object to be measured, and provides a hardness plug temperature measuring method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for measuring the temperature of a hardness plug is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a hardness plug;
2) drilling a hole on the surface of the disc-shaped object to be detected;
3) installing the hardness plug into a drilling hole of an object to be tested;
4) carrying out a simulation experiment on the object to be tested, taking out the hardness plug after the experiment is finished, and measuring the hardness of the hardness plug to obtain the temperature distribution of the object to be tested during working;
the method for drilling the hole on the surface of the object to be detected comprises the following steps: the surface drilling holes of the object to be detected are divided into a surface group and an inner group, the surface group comprises a plurality of surface drilling holes which are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, the surface drilling holes extend to the inner part of the object to be detected along the axial direction of the object to be detected, and the depths of the adjacent surface group drilling holes are the same;
inside group is including a plurality of inside drilling along horizontal direction interval arrangement, inside drilling extends to the article that awaits measuring inside along the axial of the article that awaits measuring, and adjacent inside drilling's degree of depth is different.
The further method for drilling the surface of the object to be measured comprises the following steps: and drilling holes on the surface of the object to be detected to form a surface group and an inner group which are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the object to be detected by taking the circle center of the object to be detected as the center.
And further drilling at least two rows of surface drill holes which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the object to be tested on the surface of the object to be tested, wherein each row comprises at least two surface drill holes which are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction.
And further drilling at least two rows of internal drill holes which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the object to be tested on the surface of the object to be tested, wherein each row comprises at least two internal drill holes which are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction.
The depth of the inner bore holes in each further row of inner bore holes increases or decreases in sequence horizontally.
The depth of the inner drilling holes in each row of inner drilling holes is further reduced from the circle center of the object to be detected to the circumferential edge of the object to be detected in sequence.
The method for preparing the hardness plug comprises the following steps: selecting steel as a material for preparing the hardness plug, processing the steel into the hardness plug meeting the design specification requirement, tempering the hardness plug at different temperatures after the hardness plug is completely quenched, measuring the hardness of the hardness plug, drawing a corresponding graph according to the hardness of the hardness plug and the tempering temperature, and fitting to obtain a linear equation of the tempering temperature-hardness of the hardness plug.
After the experiment is further stopped, a coordinate system is established by taking the circle center of the object to be tested as the origin, the working surface of the object to be tested as the reference surface and the axis of the object to be tested as the Z axis, the coordinate parameters of each hardness plug are recorded, the hardness plugs are taken out, the hardness of the hardness plugs are measured after treatment, the tempering temperature experienced by each hardness plug in the experiment process is obtained according to a linear equation, and the temperature distribution condition of the object to be tested during the experiment can be obtained by combining the coordinate parameters of the hardness plugs.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. according to the invention, the hardness plugs are arranged on the surface drill holes of the object to be measured, the drill holes are divided into the surface group and the internal group, the surface group drill holes are used for measuring the temperature distribution condition of the working surface of the object to be measured, and the internal group is used for measuring the internal temperature change condition of the object to be measured during working, so that the arrangement mode can more accurately reflect the temperature distribution condition of the object to be measured during working;
2. the surface group drilling holes and the internal group drilling holes are symmetrically distributed by taking the circle center of the object to be measured as the center, so that the interference of the other group to the group can be avoided to the greatest extent in the experimental process, and the measurement accuracy is improved;
3. according to the invention, at least two rows of surface drill holes are arranged on the surface of the object to be measured, the temperature change condition of the working surface of the object to be measured can be more accurately obtained by comparing the temperature condition of each row of surface drill holes, and the results are more real and accurate as the two rows of surface drill holes are mutually compared;
4. according to the invention, at least two rows of internal drill holes are arranged on the surface of the object to be measured, the temperature change condition of the interior of the object to be measured can be more accurately obtained by comparing the temperature condition of each row of internal drill holes, and the results are more real and accurate as the two rows of internal drill holes are mutually compared;
5. the depth of the inner drilling holes in each row is not consistent, and the inner drilling holes tend to decrease or increase in the horizontal direction, so that the temperature change condition of the objects to be measured at different depths can be reflected, the finally obtained temperature distribution condition can more accurately reflect the distribution condition of the inner temperature of the objects to be measured when the objects to be measured work;
6. the inner drill holes close to the circle center in each row of inner drill holes are deepest and sequentially decrease progressively along the horizontal direction, and the arrangement mode actually just reflects the temperature change condition of the object to be measured in the working state;
7. the hardness plug is extremely simple to prepare, and the calibration mode can facilitate subsequent reference;
8. the temperature measuring method is extremely simple and convenient, and can accurately measure the temperature distribution condition of the object to be measured during working.
The measuring method is extremely simple, can more accurately reflect the temperature distribution conditions of the inner part and the working surface of the object to be measured compared with the prior art, has more accurate measuring mode and has great popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the drill holes on the working face;
FIG. 2: the invention is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of drilling holes in an object to be detected;
wherein: 1-an object to be tested; 2, drilling on the surface; 3, drilling the inside; 4-hardness plug.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
In the embodiment, an engine flywheel of a heavy truck is used as an object 1 to be detected, and a hardness plug 4 is installed on a drill hole in the working surface of the object 1 to be detected. The manufacturing method of the hardness plug 4 in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting GCr15 steel as a material for preparing the hardness plug 4, processing the GCr15 steel into the hardness plug 4 with M3 multiplied by 0.5 multiplied by 4, completely quenching the hardness plug 4 for later use, tempering the hardness plug 4 at 100 ℃, 200 ℃, 250 ℃, 300 ℃ and 350 ℃, measuring the hardness of the hardness plug 4, preparing a corresponding relation graph of the hardness plug 4 and the tempering temperature, and fitting to obtain a linear equation of the tempering temperature-the hardness of the hardness plug 4, wherein the linear equation is as follows:
T＝-1.0585X+943.01
wherein T is the tempering temperature of the hardness plug 4, the unit is ℃, X is the microhardness of the hardness plug 4, and the applicable temperature of the formula is 100-400 ℃.
Drilling a hole in the working surface of the flywheel, wherein the hole is a hole 3 drilled from the working surface to the interior of the flywheel along the axial direction of the flywheel, as shown in fig. 1, the hole is drilled in a region with the width of L, and the hole comprises two regions, namely a region A and a region B, which are symmetrically arranged by taking the center of a circle of the flywheel as the center, wherein the region A is used for distributing a surface group, and the region B is used for distributing an internal group.
The surface group of the area A comprises two rows of surface drill holes 2 which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the flywheel, each row of surface drill holes 2 comprises a plurality of surface drill holes 2, the surface drill holes 2 are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction of the flywheel at equal intervals, each surface drill hole 2 extends for 5mm towards the inside of the flywheel along the axial direction of the flywheel, the intervals between the two rows of surface drill holes 2 are L/2, and the surface drill holes 2 with the same serial numbers of the hardness plugs 4 in each row are positioned on a concentric circle from left to right.
The inner group of the B area comprises three rows of inner drill holes 3 which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the flywheel, each row of inner drill holes 3 comprises a plurality of inner drill holes 3, the interval between every two adjacent rows of inner drill holes 3 is L/3, and the circumferential drill holes with the same serial numbers in each row from left to right are positioned on a concentric circle.
The arrangement number of the drilling holes in each row of the area A and the area B is determined by dividing the difference value of the radiuses of the outer ring and the inner ring of the flywheel by 10. The arrangement of the inner drill holes 3 of the engine flywheel in the area B is illustrated by taking a row of the inner drill holes 3 as an example, an area with the circumferential width L of the engine flywheel is selected, a point a is determined on the outer ring of the working surface of the flywheel, a point B is determined on the inner ring of the bottom surface of the flywheel, and the positions of the inner drill holes 3 on the line segment ab can be obtained by dividing ab by 10 through connection. Processing an inner drill hole 3 from the flywheel working surface within the thickness range of h/2(h is the thickness of the flywheel) from the flywheel working surface of the engine; and (3) processing an internal drilling hole 3 from the bottom surface of the flywheel within the thickness range of h/2 from the bottom surface of the engine flywheel, and then installing a hardness plug 4 according to temperature measurement requirements. The hole depth of the internal drilling holes 3 close to the circle center is large, and the hole depth of the internal drilling holes 3 along the horizontal direction is reduced in sequence. The other two rows of hardness plugs 4 in the zone B of the flywheel are arranged in a similar way.
Thus, the drilling arrangement for measuring the temperature field of the engine flywheel is completed. The hardness plug 4 in the drilling hole arranged in the area A mainly measures the highest temperature distribution of the cross section of the engine flywheel, and the hardness plug 4 in the drilling hole arranged in the area B mainly measures the highest temperature distribution of the longitudinal section of the engine flywheel.
After drilling the engine flywheel, the hardness plug 4 is installed in the drill hole of the engine flywheel. A flywheel is arranged on an engine, and a bench test simulates the actual working condition or the whole vehicle road test for a period of time. After the engine is stopped, the engine flywheel is taken down after the engine flywheel is cooled, the center of the flywheel is taken as the origin, the flywheel working surface is taken as the reference surface, the flywheel axis is taken as the Z axis, the coordinates of the hardness plug 4 are recorded before the hardness plug 4 is taken down, and then the hardness plug 4 is taken down from the engine flywheel. The hardness plug 4 is embedded by hot embedding materials, and the hardness of the hardness plug 4 is measured after polishing and corrosion. According to a linear equation obtained by the test, the hardness values of the hardness plugs 4 are substituted into the linear equation to be calculated, the tempering temperature experienced by each hardness plug 4 of the engine flywheel can be obtained, and then the tempering temperature of each hardness plug 4 of the engine flywheel corresponds to the position in the engine flywheel, so that the relation between the highest temperature distribution of the engine flywheel in the working process and the coordinate position of the hardness plug 4 can be obtained.
As shown in fig. 2, the axial direction of the present embodiment refers to the up-down direction in fig. 2, the horizontal direction of the present embodiment refers to the left-right direction in fig. 2, and the circumferential direction refers to the circumferential direction of the circle in fig. 1. .
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A method for measuring the temperature of a hardness plug is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a hardness plug (4);
2) drilling a hole (2) on the surface of a disc-shaped object to be detected (1);
3) installing the hardness plug (4) into a drilling hole of the object (1) to be tested;
4) carrying out a simulation experiment on the object (1) to be tested, taking out the hardness plug (4) after the experiment is finished, and measuring the hardness of the hardness plug (4) to obtain the temperature distribution of the object to be tested during working;
the method for drilling the hole (2) in the surface of the object (1) to be tested comprises the following steps: the surface drilling holes (2) of the object to be tested (1) are divided into a surface group and an internal group, the surface group comprises a plurality of surface drilling holes (2) which are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, the surface drilling holes (2) axially extend to the inside of the object to be tested (1) along the object to be tested (1), and the depths of the adjacent surface group drilling holes are the same;
inside group is including a plurality of inside drilling (3) of arranging along the horizontal direction interval, inside drilling (3) extend to inside the article that awaits measuring (1) along the axial of the article that awaits measuring (1), and the degree of depth of adjacent inside drilling (3) is different.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of measuring the temperature of the hardness plug comprises the steps of: the method for drilling the hole (2) on the surface of the object (1) to be tested comprises the following steps: drilling holes (2) in the surface of the object (1) to be detected to form a surface group and an internal group which are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the object (1) to be detected by taking the circle center of the object (1) to be detected as the center.
3. The method for measuring the temperature of a hardness plug according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: at least two rows of surface drill holes (2) which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the object to be tested (1) are drilled on the surface of the object to be tested (1), and each row comprises at least two surface drill holes (2) which are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction.
4. The method for measuring the temperature of a hardness plug according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: at least two rows of internal drill holes (3) which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the object to be tested (1) are drilled on the surface of the object to be tested (1), and each row comprises at least two internal drill holes (3) which are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of measuring the temperature of the hardness plug comprises the steps of: the depth of the inner bore (3) in each row of inner bores (3) increases or decreases in sequence in the horizontal direction.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of measuring the temperature of the hardness plug comprises the steps of: the depth of the inner drill holes (3) in each row of inner drill holes (3) is sequentially reduced from the circle center of the object to be detected (1) to the circumferential edge of the object to be detected (1).
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of measuring the temperature of the hardness plug comprises the steps of: the method for preparing the hardness plug (4) comprises the following steps: selecting steel as a material for preparing the hardness plug (4), processing the steel into the hardness plug (4) meeting the design specification requirement, tempering the hardness plug (4) at different temperatures after the hardness plug (4) is completely quenched, measuring the hardness of the hardness plug (4), drawing a corresponding graph according to the hardness of the hardness plug (4) and the tempering temperature, and fitting to obtain a linear equation of the tempering temperature-hardness of the hardness plug.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of measuring the temperature of the hardness plug comprises the steps of: after the experiment is stopped, a coordinate system is established by taking the circle center of the object (1) to be tested as the origin, the working surface of the object (1) to be tested as the reference surface and the axis of the object (1) to be tested as the Z axis, the coordinate parameters of each hardness plug (4) are recorded, the hardness plugs (4) are taken out, the hardness plugs (4) are measured after treatment, the tempering temperature experienced by each hardness plug (4) in the experiment process is obtained according to a linear equation, and the temperature distribution condition of the object (1) to be tested in the experiment can be obtained by combining the coordinate parameters of the hardness plugs (4).
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113340754A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-03 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Temperature field measuring method and manufacturing method of needle valve and needle valve body |
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Application publication date: 20201110 |