CN111911217A - Self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion amount of rectangular tunnel opening section - Google Patents
Self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion amount of rectangular tunnel opening section Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion at a rectangular tunnel entrance section, which comprises an arc surface leading-in air plate, an air channel main body top arc surface structure, an air channel main body bottom arc surface structure, an air channel main body top surface tail arc surface structure and an arc surface leading-out air plate; the cambered surface leading-in air plate is connected with the cambered surface structure at the bottom of the air duct main body and the cambered surface leading-out air plate in sequence and is of an upper integrated structure; the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the tail cambered surface structure of the top surface of the air duct main body are of an integrated structure at the lower part. In the invention, each cambered surface forming the air channel has a specific curve form, and the air channel can change the direction of air entering from the guide-in air plate with low resistance through the specific cambered surface air channels to form a directional air curtain which is opposite to the air inlet direction of the tunnel and has a certain inclination angle. The system has simple structure and high reliability, does not need external input energy, simultaneously avoids the high-load operation of the tunnel heat-insulating system and reduces the probability of accidental danger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ventilation engineering of tunnels and underground engineering, and particularly relates to a self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion at a rectangular tunnel opening section of a tunnel.
Background
There are two kinds of problems in the ventilation engineering of tunnels and underground engineering: firstly, how to quickly and efficiently discharge harmful substances such as dust particles, fire smoke and the like generated by artificial activities or accidents in the tunnel out of the tunnel through reasonable air organization; secondly, how to make the outdoor air which is not favorable for the environment in the tunnel invade the tunnel as little as possible through reasonable air organization. For tunnels in cold regions such as northeast and northwest of China, freezing accidents that the tunnel lining is frozen and cracked due to cold air intruding into the tunnel and equipment facilities are frozen and equipment facilities are not normally used are rare, so that organized air flow in the tunnels in the cold regions is very necessary. The cold region tunnel is subjected to air flow organization to reduce outdoor cold air invasion, energy consumption of a heat preservation system can be reduced firstly, most of the existing cold region tunnel heat preservation measures are active heat preservation, namely, heating components generate heat at parts needing cold protection and freezing prevention through input energy (mostly electric energy), and therefore the purpose of preventing freezing damage is achieved. However, the active heat-insulation measure has high operation cost and is not suitable for long-term high-load operation, and active heating components of a heat-insulation system have potential fire-fighting risks inducing fire under the working condition of high-load operation; and secondly, the severe temperature environment in the tunnel in the cold region can be greatly relieved, a large amount of outdoor cold air enters the tunnel due to the influence of the piston effect of the tunnel travelling crane, and the cold air can invade the tunnel with great depth without obstruction. Although the tunnel is provided with a plurality of jet flow fans in the longitudinal direction for longitudinal ventilation, the fans are generally started only in the case of fire and the like when the longitudinal ventilation is needed. In addition, a common air flow organization in the tunnel is provided with an air curtain system, a fan is used for generating a vertical air curtain with higher air speed, and when the main body air speed of the vertical air curtain reaches a certain value, the air curtain system can achieve a good effect of isolating the air on two sides of the air curtain. However, the air curtain is also widely used for preventing the diffusion of the flue gas in the tunnel, and the problem of high energy consumption in long-term operation is also caused by applying the air curtain system to the tunnel opening to reduce the invasion of cold air.
The most direct method is to utilize natural flow generated by pressure difference and piston effect inside and outside the tunnel, effectively utilize natural flow through reasonable tunnel air duct design, and enable the flow of cold air invading the tunnel to have no reduction of operation cost by changing the air flowing direction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion amount at a rectangular tunnel portal section, which optimizes the curved surface of an air duct through a reasonable air duct structure, changes the air flow direction while minimizing the air inlet resistance of the air duct, and blows out the air through an air outlet of the air duct to form a directional air curtain system which is opposite to the air inlet direction of a tunnel and has a certain inclination angle, so that the risk of freezing injury caused by large amount of outdoor cold air invasion at the tunnel portal section in a cold region is relieved, the problems of fire disasters caused by high-load operation, huge energy consumption and high-load operation of a tunnel heat insulation system are solved, and the problems that the traditional air curtain system is good in effect, low in cost performance and large amount of dust is rolled up by high-speed air flow to.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
tunnel rectangle entrance to a cave section reduces cold wind invasion volume and uses from air curtain system, its characterized in that:
the system comprises a cambered surface leading-in air plate, an air channel main body top cambered surface structure, an air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure, an air channel main body top surface tail cambered surface structure and a cambered surface leading-out air plate;
the cambered surface leading-in air plate is connected with the cambered surface structure at the bottom of the air duct main body and the cambered surface leading-out air plate in sequence and is of a lower integrated structure;
the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the tail cambered surface structure of the top surface of the air duct main body are of an upper integrated structure.
In the integrated structure of the cambered surface leading-in air plate, the air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure and the cambered surface leading-out air plate, the cambered surface leading-in air plate is a curved surface with a concave arc line, the air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure is a curved surface with a convex arc line, the cambered surface leading-out air plate is a curved surface with a convex arc line, and the curvature of the cambered surface leading-out air plate is greater than that of the air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure;
the normal direction of the air outlet of the cambered surface lead-out air plate is vertical to the horizontal plane.
In the structure of wind channel main part top cambered surface structure and wind channel main part top surface afterbody cambered surface structure as an organic whole, wind channel main part top cambered surface structure is the convex curved surface of pitch arc, and wind channel main part top surface afterbody cambered surface structure's camber is greater than wind channel main part top cambered surface structure's camber.
The system includes an inlet region, a main duct region, and an outlet region;
an inlet area formed by the cambered surface introduction air plate and the original tunnel top surface and used for absorbing air entering the tunnel; the width of the cambered surface leading-in air plate is consistent with the width of the original tunnel;
the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the bottom cambered surface structure of the air duct main body form a main air duct area;
the cambered surface structure at the tail part of the top surface of the air duct main body and the cambered surface lead-out air plate form an outlet area, and the normal direction of an air outlet of the cambered surface lead-out air plate is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
One side of the cambered surface leading-in air plate and one side of the cambered surface structure at the top of the air duct main body form an inlet plane, and the inlet plane is vertical to the air flowing direction in the tunnel; the area ratio of the inlet area is defined as the ratio of the distance from the bottom edge of the inlet plane to the top surface of the tunnel to the height of the tunnel, and the value is between 8 and 12 percent.
The height ratio of the bottom and the top of the air duct main body in the main air duct area is 0.22.
The ratio of the highest point height of the cambered surface structure at the tail part of the top surface of the air duct main body to the highest point height of the cambered surface structure at the top part of the air duct main body is 0.29.
The ratio of the highest point height of the cambered surface leading-out air plate to the height of the cambered surface structure at the top of the air duct main body is 0.29, and the ratio of the highest point height of the cambered surface structure at the tail part of the top surface of the air duct main body to the height of the cambered surface structure at the top of the air duct main body is kept consistent.
The characteristic curve of the cambered surface leading-in air plate is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12
wherein p is1＝-0.499999972405985；p2＝-0.020657896673283；
p3＝0.111937701072884；p4＝0.00197006954794249；
p5＝0.0154539648863526；p6＝-0.0202556090019663；
p7＝0.0492112608508634；p8＝-0.107340213934021；
p9＝0.139683331512781；p10＝-0.106704856609613；
p11＝0.0475961624678596；p12＝-0.0115199316898966；
p13＝0.00117115491493401；0＜x＜2；
The method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the longitudinal direction of a tunnel as an x axis, taking the direction vertical to the top surface of the tunnel as a y axis, and taking the origin of coordinates as the intersection point of an air duct main body top cambered surface structure and the original tunnel top surface;
the characteristic curve fitting function of the air duct main body bottom cambered surface structure is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8
wherein p is1＝-0.958388055722117；p2＝0.574288723878362；
p3＝-0.0398170796160056；p4＝-0.00672743841147671；
p5＝0.00199325097637254；p6＝-0.000345653321451876；
p7＝3.63393612991414·10-5；p8＝-2.12557028680629·10-6；
p9＝5.3067809599142·10-8；2＜x＜8；
The method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the longitudinal direction of a tunnel as an x axis, taking the direction vertical to the top surface of the tunnel as a y axis, and taking the origin of coordinates as the intersection point of an air duct main body top cambered surface structure and the original tunnel top surface;
the characteristic curve of the cambered surface derived air plate is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12+p14·x13+p15·x14+p16·x15+p17·x16+p18·x17
wherein p is1＝8.57670167531788；p2＝0.370341221824947；
p3＝-2.1747743449483；p4＝-1.8359312908206；
p5＝-1.96292862654821；p6＝-2.14530847104215；
p7＝-2.22613363925865；p8＝-5.13738029602241；
p9＝-9.74456176971184；p10＝-2.4625852748067；
p11＝-0.0659225047393444；p12＝0.392164081150156；
p13＝-14.6303066868007；p14＝-155.034802329202；
p15＝-15.3084781170804；p16＝0.69242655534661；
p17＝-517.330888757792；p18＝4.23727247523828；-0.5＜x＜0.44：
The tunnel is used as an x axis longitudinally, the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the tunnel is used as a y axis, and the origin of coordinates is the intersection point of the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the top surface of the original tunnel.
The characteristic curve of the cambered surface structure at the top of the air duct main body is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x0.5+p3·x+p4·x1.5+p5·x2+p6·x2.5+p7·x3+p8·x3.5+p9·x4+p10·x4.5
wherein, in the step (A),
p1＝-2.93475217546663·10-7；
p2＝-0.000326785846187165；p3＝0.845438443453233；
p4＝-0.00518868962606087；p5＝-0.0760148328793338；
p6＝-0.00669606073923808；p7＝0.00635826562630036；
p8＝-0.00124422624109706；p9＝0.000114130457766078；
p10＝-4.27828994972668·10-6；0＜x＜10；
the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the longitudinal direction of a tunnel as an x axis, taking the direction vertical to the top surface of the tunnel as a y axis, and taking the origin of coordinates as the intersection point of an air duct main body top cambered surface structure and the original tunnel top surface;
the characteristic curve of the air duct main body top surface tail arc surface structure (4) is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12+p14·x13
wherein p is1＝10.3832990469458；p2＝0.685565097228619；
p3＝-0.178659407752841；p4＝-0.0417714968982627；
p5＝-0.0246463441454092；p6＝0.00696245117001489；
p7＝0.0149466284774733；p8＝-0.00767922049495446；
p9＝0.000632153504663847；p10＝-0.085639315143012；
p11＝0.159922716532257；p12＝-0.11940251706078；
p13＝0.0414250873453648；p14＝-0.00558152639693912；
-0.5＜x＜2；
The tunnel is used as an x axis longitudinally, the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the tunnel is used as a y axis, and the origin of coordinates is the intersection point of the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the top surface of the original tunnel.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention utilizes an air duct structure to reduce the cold air quantity invading into the tunnel by changing the natural flowing direction of the air in the tunnel, and the air duct structure is adopted in the tunnel in a cold region, thereby reducing the energy consumption of a heat preservation system, avoiding long-time high-load operation and simultaneously greatly reducing the operation cost of preventing cold air invasion of the tunnel. In addition, the invention can realize the self-adjustment of the tunnel air duct, and the numerical simulation shows that the larger the pressure in the tunnel entrance is, namely the larger the wind speed of the wind intruding into the tunnel entrance, the more the air intrusion can be reduced.
(1) The system of the invention uses a simple air duct structure, obtains the air duct structure with the best air inlet effect, the largest air outlet speed and the least cold air invasion amount by designing the form of the air duct, the concave-convex ratio of the top surface and the bottom surface, the deviation degree of the curve peak and the like, has simple structure, utilizes the flow characteristic of the air per se, and has extremely high reliability.
(2) According to the system, the air outlet direction which is beneficial to preventing cold air from invading is formed by utilizing the natural air flow in the tunnel, so that the invasion of cold air in the tunnel in a cold region is reduced.
(3) The system of the invention does not need external input energy (multi-finger electric energy) and has better barrier effect, thus reducing energy consumption.
(4) The system of the invention uses simple air duct structure, the air duct curve form is known, the construction is convenient, and the cost is lower.
(5) The system has the advantages of better preventing cold air from invading, avoiding the high-load operation of the tunnel heat-insulating system and reducing the probability of accidental danger.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel roof air curtain system for reducing cold air intrusion through natural ventilation at a rectangular tunnel entrance section in a cold region;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional layout of a tunnel roof air curtain system for reducing cold air intrusion through natural ventilation at rectangular tunnel entrance sections in cold regions;
FIG. 3 is a sectional velocity distribution cloud chart of a tunnel top air curtain system and a rectangular opening section of a common long and straight tunnel, which utilize natural ventilation to reduce cold air invasion at the rectangular opening section of the tunnel in a cold region; wherein, (a) is the sectional velocity distribution cloud picture of the rectangular tunnel entrance section of the common long straight tunnel, and (b) is the sectional velocity distribution cloud picture of the air curtain system arranged on the top of the tunnel.
FIG. 4 is a graph of a curve fit of portions of the airway of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of an analysis of the reduction of air intrusion from the air curtain system at the top of the tunnel;
FIG. 6 is a sectional pressure distribution cloud chart of a tunnel top air curtain system and a rectangular tunnel entrance section of a common long straight tunnel, which utilizes natural ventilation to reduce cold air invasion at the rectangular tunnel entrance section of a tunnel in a cold region; wherein, (a) is the sectional pressure distribution cloud picture of the rectangular tunnel entrance section of the common long straight tunnel, and (b) is the sectional pressure distribution cloud picture of the air curtain system arranged on the top of the tunnel.
The reference numerals in fig. 2 denote: 1 is a cambered surface leading-in air plate; 2, an air duct main body top cambered surface structure; 3, an air duct main body bottom cambered surface structure; 4, the top surface and the tail part of the air duct main body are of an arc surface structure; and 5, a cambered surface guide wind plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion at a rectangular tunnel opening section. The invention relates to an arc air duct with a specific curve form, wherein each arc surface forming the air duct has a specific curve form, and the air duct can change the direction of air entering from a guide-in air plate with low resistance through the specific arc air ducts to form a directional air curtain which is opposite to the air inlet direction of a tunnel and has a certain inclination angle. The system comprises a cambered surface leading-in air plate 1, an air channel main body top cambered surface structure 2, an air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure 3, an air channel main body top surface tail cambered surface structure 4 and a cambered surface leading-out air plate 5; the cambered surface leading-in air plate 1 is sequentially connected with a cambered surface structure 3 at the bottom of the air duct main body and a cambered surface leading-out air plate 5, and is of a lower integrated structure; the top cambered surface structure 2 of the air duct main body and the tail cambered surface structure 4 of the top surface of the air duct main body are of an upper integrated structure. The part of the system outside the tunnel, the surrounding rocks at two sides are used as the side walls of the channel.
In an integrated structure of the cambered surface leading-in air plate 1, the air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure 3 and the cambered surface leading-out air plate 5, the cambered surface leading-in air plate 1 is a curved surface with a concave arc line, the air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure 3 is a curved surface with a convex arc line, the cambered surface leading-out air plate 5 is a curved surface with a convex arc line, and the curvature of the cambered surface leading-out air plate 5 is greater than that of the air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure 3; the normal direction of the air outlet of the cambered surface lead-out air plate 5 is vertical to the horizontal plane.
In wind channel main part top arc surface structure 2 and wind channel main part top surface afterbody arc surface structure 4 structure as an organic whole, wind channel main part top arc surface structure 2 is the convex curved surface of pitch arc, and wind channel main part top surface afterbody arc surface structure 4 is the convex curved surface of pitch arc, and wind channel main part top surface afterbody arc surface structure 2's camber is greater than wind channel main part top arc surface structure 4's camber.
The system includes an inlet region, a main duct region, and an outlet region; an inlet area formed by the cambered surface introduction air plate 1 and the original tunnel top surface and used for absorbing air entering the tunnel; the width of the cambered surface leading-in air plate 1 is consistent with the width of the original tunnel; the air duct main body top cambered surface structure 2 and the air duct main body bottom cambered surface structure 3 form a main air duct area; the air duct main body top surface tail part cambered surface structure 4 and the cambered surface lead-out air plate 5 form an outlet area, and the normal direction of an air outlet of the cambered surface lead-out air plate 5 is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
One side of the cambered surface leading-in air plate 1 and one side of the cambered surface structure 2 at the top of the air duct main body form an inlet plane, and the inlet plane is vertical to the air flowing direction in the tunnel; the area ratio of the inlet area is defined as the ratio of the distance from the bottom edge of the inlet plane to the top surface of the tunnel to the height of the tunnel, and the value is between 8 and 12 percent. The height ratio of the bottom and the top of the air duct main body in the main air duct area is 0.22. The ratio of the highest point height of the air duct main body top surface tail arc-shaped structure 4 to the highest point height of the air duct main body top arc-shaped structure 2 is 0.29. The ratio of the height of the highest point of the cambered surface leading-out air plate 5 to the height of the cambered surface structure at the top of the air duct main body is 0.29, and the ratio of the height of the highest point of the cambered surface structure 4 at the tail part of the top surface of the air duct main body to the height of the cambered surface structure 2 at the top of the air duct main body is kept consistent.
The air duct main body top cambered surface structure 2 and the air duct main body top surface tail cambered surface structure 4 jointly form an upper curved surface of the main body air duct, wherein the air duct main body top cambered surface structure 2 and the air duct main body top surface tail cambered surface structure 4 are divided into two curved surfaces by control points; the bottom cambered surface structure 3 of the air duct main body is a lower curved surface of the main air duct.
The characteristic curve of the cambered surface leading-in air plate 1 is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12
wherein p is1＝-0.499999972405985；p2＝-0.020657896673283；
p3＝0.111937701072884；p4＝0.00197006954794249；
p5＝0.0154539648863526；p6＝-0.0202556090019663；
p7＝0.0492112608508634；p8＝-0.107340213934021；
p9＝0.139683331512781；p10＝-0.106704856609613；
p11＝0.0475961624678596；p12＝-0.0115199316898966；
p13＝0.00117115491493401；0＜x＜2；
The method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the longitudinal direction of a tunnel as an x axis, taking the direction vertical to the top surface of the tunnel as a y axis, and taking the origin of coordinates as the intersection point of an air duct main body top cambered surface structure and the original tunnel top surface;
the characteristic curve fitting function of the air duct main body bottom cambered surface structure 3 is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8
wherein p is1＝-0.958388055722117；p2＝0.574288723878362；
p3＝-0.0398170796160056；p4＝-0.00672743841147671；
p5＝0.00199325097637254；p6＝-0.000345653321451876；
p7＝3.63393612991414·10-5；p8＝-2.12557028680629·10-6；
p9＝5.3067809599142·10-8；2＜x＜8；
The method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the longitudinal direction of a tunnel as an x axis, taking the direction vertical to the top surface of the tunnel as a y axis, and taking the origin of coordinates as the intersection point of an air duct main body top cambered surface structure and the original tunnel top surface;
the characteristic curve of the cambered surface lead-out air plate 5 is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12+p14·x13+p15·x14+p16·x15+p17·x16+p18·x17
wherein p is1＝8.57670167531788；p2＝0.370341221824947；
p3＝-2.1747743449483；p4＝-1.8359312908206；
p5＝-1.96292862654821；p6＝-2.14530847104215；
p7＝-2.22613363925865；p8＝-5.13738029602241；
p9＝-9.74456176971184；p10＝-2.4625852748067；
p11＝-0.0659225047393444；p12＝0.392164081150156；
p13＝-14.6303066868007；p14＝-155.034802329202；
p15＝-15.3084781170804；p16＝0.69242655534661；
p17＝-517.330888757792；p18＝4.23727247523828；-0.5＜x＜0.44；
The tunnel is used as an x axis longitudinally, the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the tunnel is used as a y axis, and the origin of coordinates is the intersection point of the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the top surface of the original tunnel.
The characteristic curve of the air duct main body top cambered surface structure 2 is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x0.5+p3·x+p4·x1.5+p5·x2+p6·x2.5+p7·x3+p8·x3.5+p9·x4+p10·x4.5
wherein, in the step (A),
p1＝-2.93475217546663·10-7；
p2＝-0.000326785846187165；p3＝0.845438443453233；
p4＝-0.00518868962606087；p5＝-0.0760148328793338；
p6＝-0.00669606073923808；p7＝0.00635826562630036；
p8＝-0.00124422624109706；p9＝0.000114130457766078；
p10＝-4.27828994972668·10-6；0＜x＜10；
the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the longitudinal direction of a tunnel as an x axis, taking the direction vertical to the top surface of the tunnel as a y axis, and taking the origin of coordinates as the intersection point of an air duct main body top cambered surface structure and the original tunnel top surface;
the characteristic curve of the air duct main body top surface tail arc surface structure 4 is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12+p14·x13
which isIn (c) p1＝10.3832990469458；p2＝0.685565097228619；
p3＝-0.178659407752841；p4＝-0.0417714968982627；
p5＝-0.0246463441454092；p6＝0.00696245117001489；
p7＝0.0149466284774733；p8＝-0.00767922049495446；
p9＝0.000632153504663847；p10＝-0.085639315143012；
p11＝0.159922716532257；p12＝-0.11940251706078；
p13＝0.0414250873453648；p14＝-0.00558152639693912；
-0.5＜x＜2：
The tunnel is used as an x axis longitudinally, the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the tunnel is used as a y axis, and the origin of coordinates is the intersection point of the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the top surface of the original tunnel.
The present invention can be used in a differentiated manner to determine whether it is used independently, multiple, side-by-side, or in conjunction with the prior art. For example, in severe cold areas, an exhaust fan can be installed on an air inlet duct and an active heat preservation measure is combined; the air curtain system may be used alone in colder regions.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a tunnel top air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion at a rectangular tunnel opening section in a cold region by utilizing natural ventilation, which comprises a cambered surface leading-in air plate 1, an air channel main body top cambered surface structure 2, an air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure 3, an air channel main body top surface tail part cambered surface structure 4 and a cambered surface leading-out air plate 5;
the cambered surface leading-in air plate is connected with the cambered surface structure at the bottom of the air duct main body and the cambered surface leading-out air plate in sequence to form an integral structure; the cambered surface leading-in air plate is a cambered surface with a concave arc line, the cambered surface structure at the bottom of the air duct main body is a cambered surface with a convex arc line, the cambered surface leading-out air plate is a cambered surface with a convex arc line, and the curvature of the cambered surface leading-out air plate is greater than that of the cambered surface structure at the bottom of the air duct main body;
the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the tail cambered surface structure of the top surface of the air duct main body are of an integral structure; the top arc surface structure of the air duct main body is a curved surface with a convex arc line, the tail arc surface structure of the top surface of the air duct main body is a curved surface with a convex arc line, and the curvature of the tail arc surface structure of the top surface of the air duct main body is greater than that of the top arc surface structure of the air duct main body.
The normal direction of the air outlet of the cambered surface lead-out air plate is vertical to the horizontal plane.
Further, the system, forming an inlet region, a main duct region and an outlet region;
the cambered surface is led into an inlet area formed by the air plate and the top surface of the original tunnel and used for absorbing air entering the tunnel; the width of the cambered surface leading-in air plate is consistent with the width of the original tunnel;
the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the bottom cambered surface structure of the air duct main body form a main air duct area;
the cambered surface structure at the tail part of the top surface of the air duct main body and the cambered surface lead-out air plate form an outlet area, and the normal direction of an air outlet of the cambered surface lead-out air plate is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
The inlet area is an inlet which is formed by an introduction air plate (channel) 1 and the original tunnel top surface and used for absorbing air in the tunnel to enter, the width of the introduction air plate is consistent with the original tunnel width, the introduction air plate is fixed at the two ends of the original tunnel, and the inlet plane is vertical to the air flowing direction in the tunnel. In this example, the tunnel is 5 meters high, the bottom edge of the entrance plane is 0.5 meters from the top surface of the tunnel, and the entrance area ratio of the system is:
the area ratio of the inlet is a better area ratio which is a result of comprehensively considering train running influence and system air volume requirements, wherein alpha is 0.5/5 and 100 percent is 10 percent.
The main air duct area (2) is composed of an air duct main body top arc surface 2, an air duct main body bottom arc surface 3 and an air duct main body top surface tail arc surface 4, and the air duct main body is divided into an upper top surface and a lower bottom surface. In this example, the highest point of the top arc surface 2 of the air duct main body is 2 meters, the highest point of the bottom arc surface 3 of the air duct main body is 0.44 meter, the height ratio of the bottom top surface of the air duct main body is 0.44/2-0.22, different height ratios are numerically simulated, and the air mass flow in the tunnel is used as an evaluation index. The results show that a height ratio of 0.22 gives the lowest mass flow and the best results.
The ratio of the height of the highest point of the tail cambered surface 4 of the top surface of the main body to the height of the highest point of the top cambered surface 2 of the air duct main body is 0.58/2 and 0.29. Fitting of the inlet air plate (duct) 1 and the duct body top arc 2 and the duct body bottom arc 3 in the duct body area, which are different from the inlet area, is performed in the coordinate system shown in fig. 4(a), and fitting of the curved surface form of the body top surface tail arc 4 is performed in the coordinate system shown in fig. 4 (b).
The outlet area (3) is used for rectifying the outflow air by a guide-out air plate (channel) 5 with a specific curve form, the ratio of the height of the highest point of the guide-out air plate (channel) 5 to the height of the top cambered surface 2 of the air channel main body is 0.58/2 or 0.29, and the ratio of the height of the highest point of the tail cambered surface 4 of the main body top surface to the height of the top cambered surface 2 of the air channel main body is kept consistent. Similarly, a curve form fitting to the derived air blades (ducts) 5 is performed in the coordinate system shown in fig. 4 (b).
Comparing the velocity distribution of the present invention with that of the conventional long straight tunnel at the same depth, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3(a) is a velocity cloud diagram of the conventional long straight tunnel at a certain depth, and it can be seen from the conventional tunnel cloud diagram that the velocity of the conventional tunnel is the highest at the center, because the velocity is smaller closer to the wall surface due to the existence of the flow boundary layer until the velocity is the smallest at the wall surface. The whole speed distribution of the traditional long and straight tunnel is regular, but the whole speed is larger. As can be seen from the self-wind curtain system tunnel cloud chart of fig. 3(b), the maximum velocity distribution area of the present invention is smaller and lower in value than the conventional one at the same cloud chart level.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a tunnel top air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion at a rectangular tunnel opening section in a cold region by utilizing natural ventilation. Fitting all parts of the air duct in a coordinate system which takes the longitudinal direction of the tunnel as the x axis and the direction vertical to the top surface of the tunnel as the y axis, wherein the origin of coordinates is the distance with smaller depth of the air inlet of the tunnel (the intersection point of the top cambered surface 2 of the air duct main body and the original top surface of the tunnel), and the fitting formula of the leading-in air plate (duct) is as follows
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12
Wherein p is1＝-0.499999972405985；p2＝-0.020657896673283；
p3＝0.111937701072884；p4＝0.00197006954794249；
p5＝0.0154539648863526；p6＝-0.0202556090019663；
p7＝0.0492112608508634；p8＝-0.107340213934021；
p9＝0.139683331512781；p10＝-0.106704856609613；
p11＝0.0475961624678596；p12＝-0.0115199316898966；
p13＝0.00117115491493401；(0＜x＜2)。
Because the curve form of the upper air duct and the lower air duct is special, the curve form is divided into two parts for fitting from one point, and the point is called a control point of the air duct form. It should be noted that the function fitting of the air duct and the main body of the air duct is performed in the same coordinate system according to the original spatial form of the air duct. The top and bottom control points of the air duct respectively divide the curve forms of the upper air duct and the lower air duct into two types, and the functional relations of the two types of curves have similarity. The air duct structure corresponding to the first curve function relation is close to the side of the guide air duct, and the fitting function form of the top air duct is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x0.5+p3·x+p4·x1.5+p5·x2+p6·x2.5+p7·x3+p8·x3.5+p9·x4+p10·x4.5
wherein p is1＝-2.93475217546663·10-7；
p2＝-0.000326785846187165；p3＝0.845438443453233；
p4＝-0.00518868962606087；p5＝-0.0760148328793338；
p6＝-0.00669606073923808；p7＝0.00635826562630036；
p8＝-0.00124422624109706；p9＝0.000114130457766078；
p10＝-4.27828994972668·10-6(ii) a (x is more than 0 and less than 10). The fitting function form of the bottom air channel is
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8
Wherein p is1＝-0.958388055722117；p2＝0.574288723878362；
p3＝-0.0398170796160056；p4＝-0.00672743841147671；
p5＝0.00199325097637254；p6＝-0.000345653321451876；
p7＝3.63393612991414·10-5；p8＝-2.12557028680629·10-6；
p9＝5.3067809599142·10-8；(2＜x＜8)。
The air duct structure corresponding to the second curve function relation is close to the air outlet side, and the air outlet angle needs to be set to a certain gradient, so that the derived air duct structure form is consistent with the second curve form. The air duct fitting function form connected with the bottom air duct through the control point is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12+p14·x13+p15·x14+p16·x15+p17·x16+p18·x17
wherein p is1＝8.57670167531788；p2＝0.370341221824947；
p3＝-2.1747743449483；p4＝-1.8359312908206；
p5＝-1.96292862654821；p6＝-2.14530847104215；
p7＝-2.22613363925865；p8＝-5.13738029602241；
p9＝-9.74456176971184；p10＝-2.4625852748067；
p11＝-0.0659225047393444；p12＝0.392164081150156；
p13＝-14.6303066868007；p14＝-155.034802329202；
p15＝-15.3084781170804；p16＝0.69242655534661；
p17＝-517.330888757792；p18＝4.23727247523828；(-0.5＜x＜0.44)。
The air duct fitting function form connected with the top air duct through the control point is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12+p14·x13
wherein p is1＝10.3832990469458；p2＝0.685565097228619；
p3＝-0.178659407752841；p4＝-0.0417714968982627；
p5＝-0.0246463441454092；p6＝0.00696245117001489；
p7＝0.0149466284774733；p8＝-0.00767922049495446；
p9＝0.000632153504663847；p10＝-0.085639315143012；
p11＝0.159922716532257；p12＝-0.11940251706078；
p13＝0.0414250873453648；p14＝-0.00558152639693912；
(-0.5＜x＜2)。
The guide vanes are additionally arranged in the air duct, so that the air flow in the air duct can be further finely controlled, and the guide vanes can be respectively additionally arranged in the guide air duct to increase the air inlet amount of the air duct, in the main air duct to reduce the eddy dissipation and in the air outlet duct to control the air outlet angle.
A plurality of air curtain systems utilizing natural flow through air channels are built in a tunnel, and the using effect is enhanced compared with that of a single air curtain system.
Comparing the mass flow of air in the tunnel with that of the traditional long straight tunnel, as shown in the figure (5), it can be obviously seen from the figure that the mass flow in the tunnel can be reduced by using the self-air curtain system on the top of the original traditional long straight tunnel, and the mass flow in the tunnel with the self-air curtain system can be reduced by about 13.87% by simple calculation compared with the mass flow in the traditional long straight tunnel.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a tunnel top air curtain system for reducing cold air intrusion by utilizing natural ventilation at a rectangular tunnel opening section in a cold region, wherein a system main body is composed of a plurality of cambered air ducts (curved surfaces) with specific curved forms, an air duct main body space is formed in the original tunnel top space based on the curved surfaces with the specific curved forms, the material of the air duct main body space is a concrete structure consistent with the tunnel lining, and the construction mode can be further refined when safety and reliability are required, the air curtain system mainly comprises a cambered leading-in air plate 1, an air duct main body top cambered surface structure 2, an air duct main body bottom cambered surface structure 3, an air duct main body top surface tail part cambered structure 4 and a leading-out air plate 5, each cambered surface forming the air duct has a specific curved form, the air duct cambered surface is optimized through the specific curved forms, so that the air duct can change the direction of air entering from the leading-in air plates (ducts, form the directional air curtain opposite to tunnel air inlet direction but with certain inclination (at this moment the air is changed by the back direction through the tunnel top wind channel, becomes the direction perpendicular to the normal direction of the curved surface of the air guiding plate along the tunnel axial originally, and is opposite to the component direction of the tunnel air inlet in the tunnel axial direction).
The bottom cambered surface 3 of the air duct main body and the top cambered surface 4 of the air duct main body are basically similar in curve form, so that curve function form fitting is performed in the same coordinate system, and the top surface and the bottom surface of the main body are fitted in the coordinate system shown in fig. 4 (a). The function form of the cambered surface 2 at the top of the air duct main body is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x0.5+p3·x+p4·x1.5+p5·x2+p6·x2.5+p7·x3+p8·x3.5+p9·x4+p10·x4.5
wherein p is1＝-2.93475217546663·10-7；
p2＝-0.000326785846187165；p3＝0.845438443453233；
p4＝-0.00518868962606087；p5＝-0.0760148328793338；
p6＝-0.00669606073923808；p7＝0.00635826562630036；
p8＝-0.00124422624109706；p9＝0.000114130457766078；
p10＝-4.27828994972668·10-6；(0＜x＜10)。
The function form of the cambered surface 3 at the bottom of the air duct main body is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8
wherein p is1＝-0.958388055722117；p2＝0.574288723878362；
p3＝-0.0398170796160056；p4＝-0.00672743841147671；
p5＝0.00199325097637254；p6＝-0.000345653321451876；
p7＝3.63393612991414·10-5；p8＝-2.12557028680629·10-6；
p9＝5.3067809599142·10-8；(2＜x＜8)。
The tunnel top arcs 2 and bottom arcs 3 form the main body of the self air curtain system, provide a path for air flow and provide a source of air for the air curtain system.
Still include and be connected with wind channel main part bottom cambered surface 3 and be used for making smooth and easy derivation aerofoil (way) 5 of air-out, derivation aerofoil (way) 5 carries out the rectification to the air that tunnel top wind channel was effused, derivation aerofoil (way) 5 curved surface function form is under the coordinate system as shown in fig. 4 (b):
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12+p14·x13+p15·x14+p16·x15+p17·x16+p18·x17
wherein p is1＝8.57670167531788；p2＝0.370341221824947；
p3＝-2.1747743449483；p4＝-1.8359312908206；
p5＝-1.96292862654821；p6＝-2.14530847104215；
p7＝-2.22613363925865；p8＝-5.13738029602241；
p9＝-9.74456176971184；p10＝-2.4625852748067；
p11＝-0.0659225047393444；p12＝0.392164081150156；
p13＝-14.6303066868007；p14＝-155.034802329202；
p15＝-15.3084781170804；p16＝0.69242655534661；
p17＝-517.330888757792；p184.23727247523828; (-0.5 < x < 0.44). The air guide plate (duct) 5 makes the air flow directional, and makes the air discharged from the duct have a specific direction opposite to the direction of the air entering the tunnel, thereby reducing the amount of cold air entering the tunnel.
The tunnel air guiding device also comprises a guiding air plate (channel) 1 which is connected with the bottom cambered surface 3 of the air channel main body and is used for guiding air in the tunnel into the air channel, wherein the guiding air plate (channel) 1 also has a specific curve form, and the guiding air plate (channel) 1 is connected with the bottom cambered surface 3 of the air channel main body, so that the fitting is carried out in a coordinate system shown in a figure 4 (a). The surface function form under the coordinate system shown in fig. 4(a) is:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12
wherein p is1＝-0.499999972405985；p2＝-0.020657896673283；
p3＝0.111937701072884；p4＝0.00197006954794249；
p5＝0.0154539648863526；p6＝-0.0202556090019663；
p7＝0.0492112608508634；p8＝-0.107340213934021；
p9＝0.139683331512781；p10＝-0.106704856609613；
p11＝0.0475961624678596；p12＝-0.0115199316898966；
p13＝0.00117115491493401；(0＜x＜2)。
The leading-in air plate (channel) 1 is very important for the whole self-air curtain system, and can lead more air in the tunnel to enter the main body of the channel instead of simply leading the air to enter the channel by pressure on the wall surface.
The wind channel comprises a wind channel main body top cambered surface 2, a wind channel top surface tail cambered surface 4 and a wind channel guiding plate (wind channel) 5, wherein the wind channel top surface tail cambered surface 4 is connected with the wind channel main body top cambered surface 2 and used for guiding the wind channel to turn to a specific angle, the wind channel top surface tail cambered surface and the wind channel guiding plate are fitted under a coordinate system shown in a graph 4(b) like the wind:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12+p14·x13
wherein p is1＝10.3832990469458；p2＝0.685565097228619；
p3＝-0.178659407752841；p4＝-0.0417714968982627；
p5＝-0.0246463441454092；p6＝0.00696245117001489；
p7＝0.0149466284774733；p8＝-0.00767922049495446；
p9＝0.000632153504663847；p10＝-0.085639315143012；
p11＝0.159922716532257；p12＝-0.11940251706078；
p13＝0.0414250873453648；p14＝-0.00558152639693912；
(-0.5＜x＜2)。
Through optimizing the curved surface form of the air duct top tail cambered surface 4, the air can not directly collide on the wall surface to change the direction after passing through the air duct main body, and the consumption of aerodynamic potential energy in the process of converting the air flow direction is greatly reduced.
Taking this embodiment as an example, setting the relative pressure of the tunnel entrance pressure as 100Pa and the relative pressure inside the tunnel as 0Pa, comparing the pressure distribution of the present invention with the pressure distribution of the conventional long straight tunnel at the same longitudinal depth, as shown in fig. 6, comparing fig. 6(a) with fig. 6(b), it can be seen that, under the same cloud chart level, the pressure inside the tunnel of the present invention is larger than that of the conventional long straight tunnel, so the pressure difference inside and outside the tunnel is smaller, thereby reducing the wind volume entering the tunnel due to the wind pressure.
The invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent changes to the technical solution of the invention by a person skilled in the art after reading the description of the invention are covered by the claims of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Tunnel rectangle entrance to a cave section reduces cold wind invasion volume and uses from air curtain system, its characterized in that:
the system comprises a cambered surface leading-in air plate (1), an air channel main body top cambered surface structure (2), an air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure (3), an air channel main body top surface tail cambered surface structure (4) and a cambered surface leading-out air plate (5);
the cambered surface leading-in air plate (1) is sequentially connected with a cambered surface structure (3) at the bottom of the air duct main body and a cambered surface leading-out air plate (5) and is of an integrated structure at the lower part;
the top cambered surface structure (2) of the air duct main body and the tail cambered surface structure (4) of the top surface of the air duct main body are of an upper integrated structure.
2. The self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion of rectangular tunnel opening section according to claim 1, wherein:
in an integrated structure of the cambered surface leading-in air plate (1), the air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure (3) and the cambered surface leading-out air plate (5), the cambered surface leading-in air plate (1) is a curved surface with a concave arc line, the air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure (3) is a curved surface with a convex arc line, the cambered surface leading-out air plate (5) is a curved surface with a convex arc line, and the curvature of the cambered surface leading-out air plate (5) is greater than that of the air channel main body bottom cambered surface structure (3);
the normal direction of the air outlet of the cambered surface lead-out air plate (5) is vertical to the horizontal plane.
3. The self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion of the rectangular tunnel opening section according to claim 2, wherein:
in wind channel main part top arc surface structure (2) and wind channel main part top surface afterbody arc surface structure (4) structure as an organic whole, wind channel main part top arc surface structure (2) are the convex curved surface of pitch arc, and wind channel main part top surface afterbody arc surface structure (4) are the convex curved surface of pitch arc, and the camber of wind channel main part top surface afterbody arc surface structure (2) is greater than the camber of wind channel main part top arc surface structure (4).
4. The self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion of the rectangular tunnel entrance section according to claim 3, wherein:
the system includes an inlet region, a main duct region, and an outlet region;
an inlet area formed by the cambered surface introduction air plate (1) and the original tunnel top surface and used for absorbing air entering the tunnel; the width of the cambered surface leading-in air plate (1) is consistent with the width of the original tunnel;
a main air duct area is formed by the air duct main body top cambered surface structure (2) and the air duct main body bottom cambered surface structure (3);
the air duct main body top surface tail part cambered surface structure (4) and the cambered surface lead-out air plate (5) form an outlet area, and the normal direction of an air outlet of the cambered surface lead-out air plate (5) is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
5. The self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion of the rectangular tunnel entrance section according to claim 4, wherein:
one side of the cambered surface leading-in air plate (1) and one side of the cambered surface structure (2) at the top of the air duct main body form an inlet plane, and the inlet plane is vertical to the air flowing direction in the tunnel; the area ratio of the inlet area is defined as the ratio of the distance from the bottom edge of the inlet plane to the top surface of the tunnel to the height of the tunnel, and the value is between 8 and 12 percent.
6. The self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion of rectangular tunnel opening section according to claim 5, wherein:
the height ratio of the bottom and the top of the air duct main body in the main air duct area is 0.22.
7. The self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion of rectangular tunnel opening section according to claim 6, wherein:
the ratio of the highest point height of the air duct main body top surface tail arc-shaped structure (4) to the highest point height of the air duct main body top arc-shaped structure (2) is 0.29.
8. The rectangular tunnel opening section self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion of claim 7, wherein:
the ratio of the highest point height of the cambered surface leading-out air plate (5) to the height of the cambered surface structure at the top of the air channel main body is 0.29, and the ratio of the highest point height of the cambered surface structure (4) at the tail part of the top surface of the air channel main body to the height of the cambered surface structure (2) at the top of the air channel main body is kept consistent.
9. The self-air curtain system for reducing cold air invasion of rectangular tunnel opening section according to claim 8, wherein:
the characteristic curve of the cambered surface leading-in air plate (1) is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12，
wherein p is1＝-0.499999972405985；p2＝-0.020657896673283；p3＝0.111937701072884；p4＝0.00197006954794249；p5＝0.0154539648863526；p6＝-0.0202556090019663；p7＝0.0492112608508634；p8＝-0.107340213934021；p9＝0.139683331512781；p10＝-0.106704856609613；p11＝0.0475961624678596；p12＝-0.0115199316898966；p13＝0.00117115491493401；0＜x＜2；
The method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the longitudinal direction of a tunnel as an x axis, taking the direction vertical to the top surface of the tunnel as a y axis, and taking the origin of coordinates as the intersection point of an air duct main body top cambered surface structure and the original tunnel top surface;
the characteristic curve fitting function of the air duct main body bottom cambered surface structure (3) is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8，
wherein p is1＝-0.958388055722117；p2＝0.574288723878362；p3＝-0.0398170796160056；p4＝-0.00672743841147671；p5＝0.00199325097637254；p6＝-0.000345653321451876；p7＝3.63393612991414·10-5；p8＝-2.12557028680629·10-6；p9＝5.3067809599142·10-8；2＜x＜8；
The method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the longitudinal direction of a tunnel as an x axis, taking the direction vertical to the top surface of the tunnel as a y axis, and taking the origin of coordinates as the intersection point of an air duct main body top cambered surface structure and the original tunnel top surface;
the characteristic curve of the cambered surface lead-out air plate (5) is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12+p14·x13+p15·x14+p16·x15+p17·x16+p18·x17，
wherein p is1＝8.57670167531788；p2＝0.370341221824947；p3＝-2.1747743449483；p4＝-1.8359312908206；p5＝-1.96292862654721；p6＝-2.14530847104215；p7＝-2.22613363925865；p8＝-5.13738029602241；p9＝-9.74456176971184；p10＝-2.4625852748067；p11＝-0.0659225047393444；p12＝0.392164081150156；p13＝-14.6303066868007；p14＝-155.034802329202；p15＝-15.3084781170804；p16＝0.69242655534661；p17＝-5.17330888757792；p18＝4.23757247523828；-0.5＜x＜0.44；
The tunnel is used as an x axis longitudinally, the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the tunnel is used as a y axis, and the origin of coordinates is the intersection point of the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the top surface of the original tunnel.
10. The rectangular tunnel portal section of claim 9, wherein the air curtain system is configured to reduce the amount of cold air intrusion, and further comprises:
the characteristic curve of the air duct main body top cambered surface structure (2) is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x0.5+p3·x+p4·x1.5+p5·x2+p6·x2.5+p7·x3+p8·x3.5+p9·x4+p10·x4.5，
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
p1＝-2.93475217546663·10-7；p2＝-0.000326785846187165；p3＝0.845438443453233；p4＝-0.00518868962606087；p5＝-0.0760148328793338；p6＝-0.00669606073923808；p7＝0.00635826562630036；p8＝-0.00124422624109706；p9＝0.000114130457766078；p10＝-4.27828994972668·10-6；0＜x＜10；
the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the longitudinal direction of a tunnel as an x axis, taking the direction vertical to the top surface of the tunnel as a y axis, and taking the origin of coordinates as the intersection point of an air duct main body top cambered surface structure and the original tunnel top surface;
the characteristic curve of the air duct main body top surface tail arc surface structure (4) is as follows:
y＝p1+p2·x+p3·x2+p4·x3+p5·x4+p6·x5+p7·x6+p8·x7+p9·x8+p10·x9+p11·x10+p12·x11+p13·x12+p14·x13，
wherein p is1＝10.3832990469458；p2＝0.685565097228619；p3＝-0.178659407752841；p4＝-0.0417714968982627；p5＝-0.0246463441454092；p6＝0.00696245117001489；p7＝0.0149466284774733；p8＝-0.00767922049495446；p9＝0.000632153504663847；p10＝-0.085639315143012；p11＝0.159922716532257；p12＝-0.11940251706078；p13＝0.0414250873453648；p14＝-0.00558152639693912；-0.5<x<2；
The tunnel is used as an x axis longitudinally, the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the tunnel is used as a y axis, and the origin of coordinates is the intersection point of the top cambered surface structure of the air duct main body and the top surface of the original tunnel.
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| CN113790067A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-14 | 廊坊康平空调制造有限公司 | Multi-stage airflow combination cold and warm air isolation and heat preservation system for cold region tunnel |
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| KR200427932Y1 (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2006-10-04 | 강남필터 주식회사 | Air curtain apparatus for subway station |
| KR101166053B1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-07-23 | 공두식 | Preventing smoke dispersion apparatus using the air curtain for tunnel |
| JP2015034385A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-19 | 大成建設株式会社 | Ventilation air outlet instrument for tunnel construction |
| CN106401644A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-02-15 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Air curtain heat preservation heating system for tunnels in cold region |
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| CN113790067A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-14 | 廊坊康平空调制造有限公司 | Multi-stage airflow combination cold and warm air isolation and heat preservation system for cold region tunnel |
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