CN111911173B - Tunnel excavation method - Google Patents
Tunnel excavation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111911173B CN111911173B CN202011030974.6A CN202011030974A CN111911173B CN 111911173 B CN111911173 B CN 111911173B CN 202011030974 A CN202011030974 A CN 202011030974A CN 111911173 B CN111911173 B CN 111911173B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/093—Control of the driving shield, e.g. of the hydraulic advancing cylinders
Abstract
The invention relates to a tunnel excavation method, which comprises the following steps: step 1: firstly, determining working parameters of a shield tunneling machine according to geographical position environment parameters of a tunnel; step 2: every preset time interval, comparing the actual propelling speed of the shield machine in the current time period with the preset propelling speed in the current time period, and adjusting the working parameters of the shield machine in the next time period; the initial working parameters of the shield machine corresponding to the preset environmental parameters are obtained from the tunnel excavation geographical position, after the shield machine works for the preset time, the preset propelling speed of the shield machine is compared with the actual propelling speed, and the adjustment of the working parameters of the corresponding shield machine is determined, so that the working parameters of the shield machine in the next time period are determined, the shield machine is adjusted according to the current environment through the dynamic adjustment process, unnecessary loss is reduced, the working efficiency of the shield machine is improved, and the engineering cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation, in particular to a tunnel excavation method.
Background
The tunnel is the key and key project for the construction of roads, railways and the like. With the development of railway construction and the progress of science and technology, the tunnel excavation method is rapidly developed. The common excavation methods include a drilling and blasting method, a shield method and a digging machine method. The drilling and blasting method is still the tunnel excavation method commonly used at home and abroad at present because the drilling and blasting method has strong adaptability to geological conditions and low excavation cost, and is particularly suitable for the construction of hard rock tunnels, broken rock tunnels and a large number of short tunnels.
In the tunnel excavation construction process, the drilling and blasting method is mostly adopted for construction, but the method is limited by blasting technology and geological conditions, blasting scope is often difficult to control, supporting workload in later period is greatly influenced, great potential safety hazards exist, excavation construction of the tunnel is not facilitated, and cost is also increased rapidly due to unsuitability of blasting.
In summary, a tunnel excavation method for improving the excavation efficiency of the tunnel and saving the engineering investment is becoming necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a tunnel excavation method which is used for solving the problems of how to improve the excavation efficiency of the tunnel and save the engineering investment in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tunnel excavation method, including:
step 1: firstly, determining working parameters of a shield tunneling machine according to geographical position environment parameters of a tunnel;
step 2: every preset time interval, comparing the actual propelling speed of the shield machine in the current time period with the preset propelling speed in the current time period, and adjusting the working parameters of the shield machine in the next time period;
in the step 1, before the shield machine performs tunnel excavation, when geographical position information of the tunnel excavation is acquired, a preset environment matrix Ei (Ti, Yi, Xi, Di) is established, where i is 1, 2, and 3 … n, where Ti represents an average temperature of an ith preset tunnel excavation position, Yi represents an average hardness of the ith preset tunnel excavation position, Xi represents a geology of the ith preset tunnel excavation position, and Di represents an average humidity of the ith preset tunnel excavation position;
the shield machine comprises a shield body, wherein a cutter disc is arranged at the foremost end of the shield body, a cutter is arranged on the cutter disc and used for crushing and cutting rocks and soil, a foaming device is further arranged on the cutter disc and used for excavating improvement of a picture layer, and a controller is further arranged in the shield machine and used for controlling and adjusting working parameters of the shield machine;
the working parameter matrix group Wi (Vmi, Vsi, Vti and Vqi) of the shield machine is 1, 2 and 3 … n, wherein Vmi represents the advancing speed of the ith preset shield machine, Vsi represents the rotating speed of a cutter head of the ith preset shield machine, Vti represents the temperature of the cutter head of the ith preset shield machine, and Vqi represents the content of foaming agent sprayed out by the cutter head of the ith preset shield machine;
the process of the controller for adjusting the working parameters of the shield tunneling machine comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring preset environmental parameters from the tunnel excavation geographical position, determining an environmental coefficient by presetting the acquired environmental parameters, corresponding initial working parameters of the shield machine by the environmental coefficient, comparing the preset propelling speed of the shield machine with the actual propelling speed after the shield machine works for a preset time, directly adjusting the working parameters of the shield machine at the next preset time according to the relation between the actual propelling speed and the preset propelling speed if the preset propelling speed and the actual propelling speed are in a preset range, collecting the current environmental parameters if the actual propelling speed and the preset propelling speed are not in the preset range, comparing the current environmental parameters with the preset environment, correspondingly determining the adjustment of different working parameters of the shield machine according to the comparison of the environmental parameters, thereby determining the working parameters of the shield machine at the next time period, and adjusting the working parameters of the shield machine at preset intervals until the excavation work of the tunnel is completed.
Further, according to the temperature, hardness, geology and humidity information in a preset environment matrix group Ei acquired from the geographical position of the tunnel, determining an environment coefficient a as:
a＝(Ti/T0+Yi/Y0+Xi/X0+Di/D0)
wherein Ti represents average temperature information of the position of the ith preset tunnel excavation, T0 represents preset reference temperature, Yi represents average hardness of the position of the ith preset tunnel excavation, Y0 represents preset reference hardness, Xi represents geology of the position of the ith preset tunnel excavation, X0 represents preset reference geology, Di represents average humidity of the position of the ith preset tunnel excavation, and D0 represents preset reference humidity.
Further, when the working parameters of the shield machine are determined, the working parameters are determined according to the geographical position environment coefficient a of the tunnel, wherein,
if a is not more than a1, determining that the working parameter matrix of the shield machine is W1, taking Vm1 from the Vm matrix, taking Vs1 from the Vs matrix, removing Vt1 from the Vt matrix, and taking Vq1 from Vq;
if a1 is larger than a and is not larger than a2, determining that the working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine is W2, taking Vm2 from the Vm matrix, taking Vs2 from the Vs matrix, removing Vt2 from the Vt matrix, and taking Vq2 from Vq;
if a2 is larger than a and is not larger than a3, determining that the working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine is W3, taking Vm3 from the Vm matrix, taking Vs3 from the Vs matrix, removing Vt3 from the Vt matrix, and taking Vq3 from Vq;
if a (n-1) < a ≦ an, determining the working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine as Wn, taking Vmn from the Vm matrix, taking Vsn from the Vs matrix, removing Vtn from the Vt matrix, and taking Vqn from Vq.
Further, the shield machine propulsion speed matrix Vm (Vm1, Vm2 and Vm3 … Vmn), wherein Vm1 represents a first preset propulsion speed of the shield machine, Vm2 represents a second preset propulsion speed of the shield machine, Vm3 represents a third preset propulsion speed of the shield machine, and Vmn represents an nth preset propulsion speed of the shield machine; the rotation speed matrix Vs (Vs1, Vs2 and Vs3 … Vsn) of the shield machine cutter is characterized in that Vs1 represents a first preset rotation speed of a shield machine cutter head, Vs2 represents a second preset rotation speed of the shield machine cutter head, Vs3 represents a third preset rotation speed of the shield machine cutter head, and Vsn represents an nth preset rotation speed of the shield machine cutter head; the temperature matrix Vt (Vt1, Vt2, Vt3 … Vtn) of the shield machine cutterhead, wherein Vt1 represents a first preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead, Vt2 represents a second preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead, Vt3 represents a third preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead, and Vtn represents an nth preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead; the shield constructs quick-witted blade disc blowout foaming agent content matrix Vq (Vq1, Vq2, Vq3 … Vqn), wherein, Vq1 represents the first predetermined content of shield constructs quick-witted blade disc blowout foaming agent, Vq2 represents shield and constructs quick-witted blade disc blowout foaming agent second predetermined content, Vq3 represents shield and constructs quick-witted blade disc blowout foaming agent third predetermined content, Vqn represents shield and constructs quick-witted blade disc blowout foaming agent nth predetermined content.
Further, in the step 2, every preset time interval, according to the comparison between the actual propulsion speed Vms of the shield machine and the propulsion speed Vmi of the shield machine,
if the working parameter matrix Wi is more than 0.8 multiplied by Vmi and less than Vms and less than 0.9 multiplied by Vmi, working according to the working parameter matrix W (i +2) after the sequence of the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
if the working parameter matrix Wi is more than 0.9 multiplied by Vmi and less than Vms and less than Vmi, working according to a working parameter matrix W (i +1) after the sequence of the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
if Vms is Vmi, working according to the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
if Vmi is more than Vms and less than 1.1 multiplied by Vmi, working according to a working parameter matrix W (i-1) before the sequence of the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
and if the working parameter matrix Wi is 1.1 multiplied by Vmi, Vms and 1.2 multiplied by Vmi, working according to the working parameter matrix W (i-2) before the current working parameter matrix Wi sequence of the shield machine.
Further, if Vms is greater than 1.2 × Vmi or Vms is less than 0.8 × Vmi, the shield machine collects current actual environment information of the tunnel, and obtains an actual parameter matrix Es (Ts, Ys, Xs, Ds), wherein Ts represents average temperature information of the current tunnel excavation position, Ys represents average hardness of the current tunnel excavation position, Xs represents geology of the current tunnel excavation position, and Ds represents average humidity of the current tunnel excavation position.
Further, obtaining a value of a current environment coefficient as according to an actual parameter matrix Es, setting a maximum value of the environment coefficient as amax and a minimum value amin of the environment coefficient, analyzing temperature, hardness, geology and humidity information in a preset environment parameter and an actual parameter in the environment to determine working parameters of the shield machine in the next time period when the as is within the range of the maximum value and the minimum value of the environment parameter, re-collecting the environment parameter if the as is out of the range of the maximum value and the minimum value of the environment parameter, and prompting the current environment to collect faults if the secondary collection environment parameter is still not within the range of the maximum value and the minimum value.
Further, the working parameters of the shield tunneling machine in the next time period are adjusted as follows:
when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Ts is larger than Ti or Ts is smaller than Ti, adjusting the temperature Vti of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine to be Vs (i-1) or Vt (i + 1);
when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Ys is larger than Yi or is smaller than Yi, adjusting the content Vqi of the foaming agent sprayed by the cutter head of the shield machine to be Vq (i +1) or Vq (i-1);
when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Xs is larger than Xi or Xs is smaller than Xi, the shield tunneling machine propulsion speed Vmi is adjusted to be Vm (i-1) or Vq (i + 1);
and when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Ds is larger than Di or is smaller than Di, adjusting the rotating speed Vsi of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine to be Vs (i +1) or Vs (i-1).
Further, according to comparison between actually acquired environment parameters and preset environment parameters, working parameters of the shield machine in the next time period are adjusted, and if only the temperatures of the actually acquired environment parameters and the preset environment parameters are different, the working parameters of the shield machine cutter head temperature corresponding to the temperature parameters are correspondingly adjusted; if only the temperature and the hardness in the actual environment and the preset environment parameters are different, correspondingly adjusting working parameters of the shield machine cutter head temperature and the foaming agent content corresponding to the temperature and hardness parameters; if only the temperature, the hardness and the geology are in the actual environment and the preset environment parameters, correspondingly adjusting the shield machine cutter head temperature, the foaming agent content and the propulsion speed working parameters corresponding to the environment parameters of the temperature, the hardness and the geology; if the temperature, the hardness, the geology and the humidity in the actual environment are different from those in the preset environment parameters, the temperature, the foaming agent content, the propelling speed and the cutter rotating speed working parameters of the cutter head of the shield machine corresponding to the different environment parameters are correspondingly adjusted.
Further, the comparison of the advancing speeds of the shield tunneling machine is as follows: comparing the actual propulsion speed in the current time period with the preset propulsion speed in the current time period, wherein the environmental parameters are as follows: the environmental parameters of the current time period and the environmental parameters of the last measurement.
Compared with the prior art, the tunnel excavation method has the advantages that the preset environment parameters are obtained from the tunnel excavation geographical position, the environment coefficient is determined through the preset obtained environment parameters, the environment coefficient corresponds to the initial working parameters of the shield machine, after the shield machine works for the preset time, the preset propulsion speed of the shield machine is compared with the actual propulsion speed, and if the preset propulsion speed and the actual propulsion speed are within a certain range, the working parameters of the shield machine at the next preset time are directly adjusted according to the relation between the actual propulsion speed and the preset propulsion speed; if the preset propelling speed and the actual propelling speed exceed a certain range, acquiring current environment parameters, comparing the current environment parameters with the preset environment, determining the adjustment of the working parameters of the corresponding shield machine according to the comparison of the environment parameters, thereby determining the working parameters of the shield machine in the next time period, adjusting the shield machine according to the current environment through the dynamic adjustment process, reducing unnecessary loss, improving the working efficiency of the shield machine and reducing the engineering cost.
Furthermore, the reasonability of the working parameters of the shield machine is determined by establishing a working parameter matrix group Wi (Vmi, Vsi, Vti and Vqi) of the shield machine and comparing the preset propelling speed of the current time period with the actual propelling speed of the current time period at intervals of preset time, so that the loss of the shield machine is reduced, and the working efficiency of the shield machine is improved.
Furthermore, the method establishes a preset environment matrix Ei (Ti, Yi, Xi and Di), realizes the operation of environment parameter factorization to determine the working parameters of the shield machine through the comparison of preset environment parameters, and further improves the working efficiency of the shield machine by setting different intervals and corresponding to the working parameters of different shield machines.
Particularly, the actual propelling speed of the shield machine is compared with the preset propelling speed, and when the actual propelling speed is within 0.8-1.2 times of the preset propelling speed, the working parameters of the shield machine are directly adjusted, so that the complexity of calculation is reduced, the rationality of the parameters of the shield machine is also checked, and the working efficiency of the shield machine is further improved.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a method for adjusting the working parameters of the shield machine by comparing the collection of the environmental parameters with the preset environmental parameters when the difference between the actual propulsion speed and the preset propulsion speed of the shield machine is larger, and the shield machine is continuously adjusted in a layer-by-layer progressive mode to achieve the optimal working state.
Particularly, the comparison between the preset propulsion speed and the actual propulsion speed is the preset propulsion speed in the current time period and the actual propulsion speed in the current time period, the comparison between the environmental parameters is the environmental parameters in the current time period and the environmental parameters in the last measurement, and if the environmental parameters in the current time period are the environmental parameters in the first measurement, the comparison between the preset environmental parameters in the initial working of the shield tunneling machine is carried out. Through the comparison of the preset time periods, the error is reduced, the accuracy of adjusting the working parameters of the shield tunneling machine is improved, the working efficiency of the shield tunneling machine is further improved, and the loss of the shield tunneling machine is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shield tunneling machine according to the tunnel excavation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, the tunnel is excavated by a shield machine, wherein the shield machine includes a shield body 1, a cutter head 2 is disposed at the foremost end of the shield body 1, a cutter 3 is disposed on the cutter head 2, the cutter 3 is used for crushing and cutting rocks and soil, a foaming device 4 is further disposed on the cutter head 2, and is used for emitting a foaming agent and improving an excavation layer, and a controller (not shown in the figure) is further disposed in the shield machine, and is used for controlling and adjusting working parameters of the shield machine; wherein, the cutter 3 on the cutter head 2 can be selectively provided with a hard rock cutter 3 or a soft soil cutter 3 according to the hardness of the soil to be cut.
Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a tunnel excavation method, including:
step 1: firstly, determining working parameters of a shield tunneling machine according to geographical position environment parameters of a tunnel;
step 2: every preset time interval, comparing the actual propelling speed of the shield machine in the current time period with the preset propelling speed in the current time period, and adjusting the working parameters of the shield machine in the next time period;
specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, in step 1, before tunnel excavation, geographic position information of tunnel excavation is first obtained, relevant environment parameter information of a corresponding tunnel excavation position may be obtained through retrieval of a cloud database, a preset environment matrix set Ei (Ti, Yi, Xi, Di), where i is 1, 2, and 3 … n, where Ti represents average temperature information of the ith preset tunnel excavation position, Yi represents average hardness of the ith preset tunnel excavation position, Xi represents geology of the ith preset tunnel excavation position, and Di represents average humidity of the ith preset tunnel excavation position. For the temperature matrix Ti (T1, T2, T3 … Tn), where T1 represents a first preset average temperature, T2 represents a second preset average temperature, T3 represents a third preset average temperature, and Tn represents an nth preset average temperature; for the hardness matrix Yi (Y1, Y2, Y3 … Yn), where Y1 represents a first preset average hardness, Y2 represents a second preset average hardness, Y3 represents a third preset average hardness, Yn represents an nth preset average hardness; for the geological matrix Xi (X1, X2, X3 … Xn), where X1 represents a first preset geology, X2 represents a second preset geology, X3 represents a third preset geology, and Xn represents an nth preset geology; for humidity matrix Di (D1, D2, D3 … Dn), where D1 represents a first preset average humidity, D2 represents a second preset average humidity, D3 represents a third preset average humidity, and Dn represents an nth preset average humidity.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the environment coefficient a is determined according to the temperature, hardness, geology and humidity information in the preset environment matrix obtained from the position of the tunnel, and is expressed as:
a＝(Ti/T0+Yi/Y0+Xi/X0+Di/D0)
wherein Ti represents average temperature information of the position of the ith preset tunnel excavation, T0 represents preset reference temperature, Yi represents average hardness of the position of the ith preset tunnel excavation, Y0 represents preset reference hardness, Xi represents geology of the position of the ith preset tunnel excavation, X0 represents preset reference geology, Di represents average humidity of the position of the ith preset tunnel excavation, and D0 represents preset reference humidity.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the preset reference temperature represented by T0 is set to 20 ℃ in the embodiment, and may also be set to 10 ℃ or 15 ℃. The preset standard hardness represented by Y0, in this embodiment, the preset standard hardness may be divided according to the grade of the surrounding rock, or may be set as a hardness parameter and a value with reference to the excavation progress of the shield tunneling machine within a fixed time, and the preset standard hardness is a reference of three or four levels. X0 represents a preset reference geology, the geology is assigned according to geology such as sand, soil, sand-soil mixture and the like, for example, the sand is 1, the soil is 2, and the sand-soil mixture accounts for fifty percent respectively, the sand-soil mixture accounts for 3, different numerical values are divided according to different proportions of the sand-soil mixture, and different numerical values are determined according to the mixing degree of the soil and the rock in the same way. D0 is a preset reference humidity, which may be set to 85%, or may be set to 90% according to the address of the tunnel excavation, such as that the south humidity is relatively large, the north geological humidity is relatively small, and the reference humidity is set to 80%.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the working parameter matrix set Wi (Vmi, Vsi, Vti, and Vqi) of the shield machine is 1, 2, and 3 … n, where Vmi represents the advancing speed of the ith preset shield machine, Vsi represents the rotation speed of the cutter head 2 of the ith preset shield machine, Vti represents the temperature of the cutter head 2 of the ith preset shield machine, and Vqi represents the content of the foaming agent sprayed out by the cutter head 2 of the ith preset shield machine. For a shield machine propulsion speed matrix Vm (Vm1, Vm2 and Vm3 … Vmn), wherein Vm1 represents a first preset propulsion speed of the shield machine, Vm2 represents a second preset propulsion speed of the shield machine, Vm3 represents a third preset propulsion speed of the shield machine, and Vmn represents an nth preset propulsion speed of the shield machine; for a rotation speed matrix Vs (Vs1, Vs2, Vs3 … Vsn) of the shield machine cutterhead 2, wherein Vs1 represents a first preset rotation speed of the shield machine cutterhead 2, Vs2 represents a second preset rotation speed of the shield machine cutterhead 2, Vs3 represents a third preset rotation speed of the shield machine cutterhead 2, and Vsn represents an nth preset rotation speed of the shield machine cutterhead 2; for a temperature matrix Vt (Vt1, Vt2, Vt3 … Vtn) of the shield machine cutterhead 2, wherein Vt1 represents a first preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead 2, Vt2 represents a second preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead 2, Vt3 represents a third preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead 2, and Vtn represents an nth preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead 2; for the content matrix Vq (Vq1, Vq2 and Vq3 … Vqn) of the foaming agent sprayed by the cutter head 2 of the shield machine, wherein Vq1 represents a first preset content of the foaming agent sprayed by the cutter head 2 of the shield machine, Vq2 represents a second preset content of the foaming agent sprayed by the cutter head 2 of the shield machine, Vq3 represents a third preset content of the foaming agent sprayed by the cutter head 2 of the shield machine, and Vqn represents an nth preset content of the foaming agent sprayed by the cutter head 2 of the shield machine.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the working parameters corresponding to the shield machine, which are determined according to the preset environment matrix at the tunnel retrieved from the cloud database, are:
if a is not more than a1, determining that the working parameter matrix of the shield machine is W1, taking Vm1 from the Vm matrix, taking Vs1 from the Vs matrix, removing Vt1 from the Vt matrix, and taking Vq1 from Vq;
if a1 is larger than a and is not larger than a2, determining that the working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine is W2, taking Vm2 from the Vm matrix, taking Vs2 from the Vs matrix, removing Vt2 from the Vt matrix, and taking Vq2 from Vq;
if a2 is larger than a and is not larger than a3, determining that the working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine is W3, taking Vm3 from the Vm matrix, taking Vs3 from the Vs matrix, removing Vt3 from the Vt matrix, and taking Vq3 from Vq;
if a (n-1) < a ≦ an, determining the working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine as Wn, taking Vmn from the Vm matrix, taking Vsn from the Vs matrix, removing Vtn from the Vt matrix, and taking Vqn from Vq.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, after every preset time interval, the working parameters of the shield machine in the next time period are determined according to the comparison between the actual propulsion speed Vms of the shield machine and the propulsion speed Vmi of the shield machine: the preset time interval may be five minutes, ten minutes or three minutes, and the specific set time is determined according to specific implementation time.
If the working parameter matrix Wi is more than 0.8 multiplied by Vmi and less than Vms and less than 0.9 multiplied by Vmi, working according to the working parameter matrix W (i +2) after the sequence of the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
if the working parameter matrix Wi is more than 0.9 multiplied by Vmi and less than Vms and less than Vmi, working according to a working parameter matrix W (i +1) after the sequence of the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
if Vms is Vmi, working according to the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
if Vmi is more than Vms and less than 1.1 multiplied by Vmi, working according to a working parameter matrix W (i-1) before the sequence of the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
and if the working parameter matrix Wi is 1.1 multiplied by Vmi, Vms and 1.2 multiplied by Vmi, working according to the working parameter matrix W (i-2) before the current working parameter matrix Wi sequence of the shield machine.
If Vms is larger than 1.2 × Vmi or Vms is smaller than 0.8 × Vmi, the shield machine collects current actual environment information of the tunnel, and obtains an actual parameter matrix Es (Ts, Ys, Xs, Ds), wherein Ts represents average temperature information of the current tunnel excavation position, Ys represents average hardness of the current tunnel excavation position, Xs represents geology of the current tunnel excavation position, and Ds represents average humidity of the current tunnel excavation position.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the average temperature and humidity information of the current position of the tunnel may be determined by collecting the temperature information of the soil at multiple positions at the top of the current tunnel and taking the average value thereof, or may be determined by collecting the temperature information of the soil in multiple positions of the sidewall of the current tunnel and taking the average value thereof. And acquiring the soil hardness condition information in front of the cutter head 2 according to the average hardness and geological information of the current tunnel excavation position. The present invention is not limited to the specific collection method and collection location, and all that is required is to be implemented.
The controller obtains the value of the current environment coefficient as according to the information of the actual parameter matrix Es, sets the maximum value of the environment coefficient as amax and the minimum value amin, analyzes the temperature, hardness, geology and humidity information in the preset environment parameter and the actual parameter in the environment when the as is in the range of the maximum value and the minimum value of the environment parameter, re-collects the environment parameter if the as is out of the range of the maximum value and the minimum value of the environment parameter, and prompts the current environment to collect faults if the secondary collection environment parameter is still not in the range of the maximum value and the minimum value.
When the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Ts is larger than Ti or Ts is smaller than Ti, adjusting the temperature Vti of the shield tunneling machine cutter head 2 to be Vs (i-1) or Vt (i + 1);
when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Ys is greater than Yi or is less than Yi, adjusting the content Vqi of the foaming agent sprayed by the cutter head 2 of the shield machine to be Vq (i +1) or Vq (i-1);
when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Xs is larger than Xi or Xs is smaller than Xi, the shield tunneling machine propulsion speed Vmi is adjusted to be Vm (i-1) or Vq (i + 1);
when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Ds is larger than Di or smaller than Di, the rotating speed Vsi of the shield tunneling machine cutter head 2 is adjusted to be Vs (i +1) or Vs (i-1).
And the controller re-determines the propelling speed of the shield tunneling machine, the rotating speed of the cutter head 2, the temperature of the cutter head 2 and the content of the foaming agent sprayed by the cutter head 2 according to the preset environmental parameters and the temperature, hardness, geology and humidity in the actual parameters in the environment.
For example: when Ts is larger than Ti, Ys is larger than Yi, Xs is larger than Xi, and Ds is larger than Di, the working parameters of the shield tunneling machine are adjusted to be Vs (i-1), Vq (i +1), Vm (i-1) and Vs (i + 1).
And when Ts is more than Ti, Ys is less than Yi, Xs is more than Xi, and Ds is less than Di, adjusting the working parameters of the shield tunneling machine to Vs (i-1), Vq (i-1), Vm (i-1) and Vs (i-1).
And when Ts is less than Ti, Ys is equal to Yi, Xs is less than Xi, and Ds is equal to Di, adjusting the working parameters of the shield tunneling machine to be Vt (i +1), Vqi, Vq (i +1) and Vsi.
And the shield machine continues to work according to the adjusted working parameters until a preset time interval, and the working parameters of the shield machine are determined according to the comparison between the actual propulsion speed Vms2 of the shield machine and the preset propulsion speed Vmi of the shield machine in a second time period.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the second time interval is preset, the actual propulsion speed Vms2 of the shield machine in the second time period is compared with the preset propulsion speed Vmk of the shield machine in the second time period.
If Vms2 is equal to Vmk, performing work in a third time period according to the work parameter matrix Wk in the second time period of the shield machine;
if the working parameter matrix W (k +2) is more than or equal to 0.8 multiplied by Vmk and less than Vms2 and less than or equal to 0.9 multiplied by Vmk, working according to the working parameter matrix W (k +2) after the current working parameter matrix Wk sequence of the shield machine;
if the working parameter matrix W (k +1) is more than or equal to 0.9 multiplied by Vmk and less than or equal to Vms2 and less than or equal to Vmk, working according to the working parameter matrix W (k +1) after the current working parameter matrix Wk sequence of the shield machine;
if Vmk is more than Vms2 and less than 1.1 multiplied by Vmk, working according to a working parameter matrix W (k-1) before the current working parameter matrix Wk sequence of the shield machine;
and if the working parameter matrix W (k-2) is 1.1 × Vmk < Vms2 < 1.2 × Vmk, working according to the working parameter matrix W (k-2) before the current working parameter matrix Wk sequence of the shield machine.
If Vms2 is larger than 1.2 × Vmk or Vms2 is smaller than 0.8 × Vmk, the controller collects actual environment information of the tunnel in the current second time period, and obtains an actual parameter matrix Es2(Ts2, Ys2, Xs2, Ds2), wherein Ts2 represents the average temperature of the tunnel excavation position in the current second time period, Ys2 represents the average hardness of the tunnel excavation position in the current second time period, Xs2 represents the geology of the tunnel excavation position in the current second time period, and Ds2 represents the average humidity of the tunnel excavation position in the current second time period. And then obtaining the value of the current environment coefficient as2 according to the information of the actual parameter matrix Es, if the as2 is out of the maximum value and the minimum value of the environment parameter, acquiring the environment parameter again, if the secondary acquisition environment parameter is not in the range of the maximum value and the minimum value, prompting the current environment acquisition fault, and when the as2 is in the range of the maximum value and the minimum value of the environment parameter, analyzing the temperature, hardness, geology and humidity information in the preset environment parameter and the actual parameter in the environment.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the propelling speed of the shield tunneling machine, the rotating speed of the cutter head 2, the temperature of the cutter head 2 and the content of the foaming agent sprayed out of the cutter head 2 are determined again according to the actual temperature in the environment of the second time period and the collected temperature, hardness, geology and humidity of the first time period. And adjusting the temperature of the cutter head 2 of the shield machine according to the average temperature of the tunnel excavation position in the current second time period in the corresponding environment parameters, adjusting a foaming agent sprayed by the cutter head 2 of the shield machine according to the average hardness of the tunnel excavation position in the current second time period, adjusting the propelling speed of the shield machine according to the geology of the tunnel excavation position in the current second time period, and adjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head 2 of the shield machine according to the average humidity of the tunnel excavation position in the current second time period. And performing work in a third time period according to the adjusted working parameters of the shield machine. And adjusting the working parameters of the shield machine at preset intervals until the excavation work of the tunnel is completed.
It should be understood that, in the tunnel excavation process of the shield machine, the tunnel excavation time is divided, the working parameters of the shield machine are firstly determined according to preset environmental parameters, after the shield machine works for a preset time, the working propulsion speed of the shield machine is compared with the preset propulsion speed, the working parameters of the shield machine in the next preset time are judged through comparison, the propulsion speed of the shield machine is analyzed at every preset time, the working parameters of the shield machine are further adjusted, the loss of the shield machine is reduced, and the excavation efficiency of the shield machine is improved.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of excavating a tunnel, comprising:
step 1: firstly, determining working parameters of a shield tunneling machine according to geographical position environment parameters of a tunnel;
step 2: every preset time interval, comparing the actual propelling speed of the shield machine in the current time period with the preset propelling speed in the current time period, and adjusting the working parameters of the shield machine in the next time period;
in the step 1, before the shield machine performs tunnel excavation, when acquiring geographical position information of the tunnel excavation, and establishing a preset environment matrix Ei (Ti, Yi, Xi, Di), i =1, 2, 3 … n, wherein Ti represents an average temperature of an excavation position of an ith preset tunnel, Yi represents an average hardness of the excavation position of the ith preset tunnel, Xi represents a geology of the excavation position of the ith preset tunnel, and Di represents an average humidity of the excavation position of the ith preset tunnel;
the shield machine comprises a shield body, wherein a cutter disc is arranged at the foremost end of the shield body, a cutter is arranged on the cutter disc and used for crushing and cutting rocks and soil, a foaming device is further arranged on the cutter disc and used for excavating soil layer improvement, and a controller is further arranged in the shield machine and used for controlling and adjusting working parameters of the shield machine;
the working parameter matrix group Wi (Vmi, Vsi, Vti and Vqi) of the shield machine is i =1, 2 and 3 … n, wherein Vmi represents the advancing speed of the ith preset shield machine, Vsi represents the rotating speed of a cutter head of the ith preset shield machine, Vti represents the temperature of the cutter head of the ith preset shield machine, and Vqi represents the content of foaming agent sprayed out by the cutter head of the ith preset shield machine;
the controller adjusts the shield tunneling machine to obtain preset environmental parameters through the tunnel excavation geographic position, determines an environmental coefficient through the obtained preset environmental parameters, corresponds to initial working parameters of the shield tunneling machine through the environmental coefficient, compares the preset propelling speed of the shield tunneling machine with an actual propelling speed after the shield tunneling machine works for a preset time, directly adjusts the working parameters of the next preset time period of the shield tunneling machine according to the relation between the actual propelling speed and the preset propelling speed if the preset propelling speed and the actual propelling speed are within a preset range, takes the working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine before the current working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine as the working parameters of the shield tunneling machine in the next preset time period if the actual propelling speed of the shield tunneling machine is greater than the preset propelling speed, and takes the actual propelling speed of the shield tunneling machine less than the preset propelling speed if the actual propelling speed of the shield tunneling machine is greater than the preset propelling speed, taking the sequential working parameter matrix of the shield machine in the current working parameter matrix of the shield machine as the working parameter of the shield machine in the next preset time period, if the actual propulsion speed and the preset propulsion speed are not in the preset range, acquiring the current environmental parameter, comparing the current environmental parameter with the preset environmental parameter, correspondingly adjusting the temperature of the shield machine cutter head according to the temperature in the environmental parameter, correspondingly adjusting the content of the foaming agent of the shield machine according to the hardness in the environmental parameter, correspondingly adjusting the propulsion speed of the shield machine according to the geology in the environmental parameter, and determining the adjustment of different working parameters of the shield machine according to the relation of the corresponding adjustment of the humidity in the environmental parameter and the rotating speed of the cutter, thereby determining the working parameter of the shield machine in the next time period, and adjusting the working parameter of the shield machine at intervals of preset time, until the excavation work of the tunnel is finished;
determining the environmental coefficient a according to the temperature, hardness, geology and humidity information in the preset environmental matrix group Ei acquired from the geographical position of the tunnel, wherein the environmental coefficient a is expressed as:
a =(Ti/T0+ Yi/Y0 + Xi/X0 + Di/D0)
the method comprises the following steps that Ti represents average temperature information of the excavation position of the ith preset tunnel, T0 represents preset reference temperature, Yi represents average hardness of the excavation position of the ith preset tunnel, Y0 represents preset reference hardness, Xi represents geology of the excavation position of the ith preset tunnel, X0 represents preset reference geology, Di represents average humidity of the excavation position of the ith preset tunnel, and D0 represents preset reference humidity;
when the working parameters of the shield machine are determined, the working parameters are determined according to the geographical position environment coefficient a of the tunnel, wherein,
if a is not more than a1, determining that the working parameter matrix of the shield machine is W1, taking Vm1 from the Vm matrix, taking Vs1 from the Vs matrix, removing Vt1 from the Vt matrix, and taking Vq1 from Vq;
if a1 is larger than a and is not larger than a2, determining that the working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine is W2, taking Vm2 from the Vm matrix, taking Vs2 from the Vs matrix, removing Vt2 from the Vt matrix, and taking Vq2 from Vq;
if a2 is larger than a and is not larger than a3, determining that the working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine is W3, taking Vm3 from the Vm matrix, taking Vs3 from the Vs matrix, removing Vt3 from the Vt matrix, and taking Vq3 from Vq;
if a (n-1) < a ≦ an, determining the working parameter matrix of the shield tunneling machine as Wn, taking Vmn from the Vm matrix, taking Vsn from the Vs matrix, removing Vtn from the Vt matrix, and taking Vqn from Vq.
2. The method of tunneling according to claim 1, wherein the shield tunneling machine propulsion speed matrix Vm (Vm1, Vm2, Vm3 … Vmn) is defined, where Vm1 represents a shield tunneling machine first preset propulsion speed, Vm2 represents a shield tunneling machine second preset propulsion speed, Vm3 represents a shield tunneling machine third preset propulsion speed, and Vmn represents a shield tunneling machine nth preset propulsion speed; the rotation speed matrix Vs (Vs1, Vs2 and Vs3 … Vsn) of the shield machine cutter is characterized in that Vs1 represents a first preset rotation speed of a shield machine cutter head, Vs2 represents a second preset rotation speed of the shield machine cutter head, Vs3 represents a third preset rotation speed of the shield machine cutter head, and Vsn represents an nth preset rotation speed of the shield machine cutter head; the temperature matrix Vt (Vt1, Vt2, Vt3 … Vtn) of the shield machine cutterhead, wherein Vt1 represents a first preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead, Vt2 represents a second preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead, Vt3 represents a third preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead, and Vtn represents an nth preset temperature of the shield machine cutterhead; the shield constructs quick-witted blade disc blowout foaming agent content matrix Vq (Vq1, Vq2, Vq3 … Vqn), wherein, Vq1 represents the first predetermined content of shield constructs quick-witted blade disc blowout foaming agent, Vq2 represents shield and constructs quick-witted blade disc blowout foaming agent second predetermined content, Vq3 represents shield and constructs quick-witted blade disc blowout foaming agent third predetermined content, Vqn represents shield and constructs quick-witted blade disc blowout foaming agent nth predetermined content.
3. The method of tunneling according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, at predetermined time intervals, based on the comparison between the actual advancing speed Vms of the shield tunneling machine and the advancing speed Vmi of the shield tunneling machine,
if the working parameter matrix Wi is more than 0.8 multiplied by Vmi and less than Vms and less than 0.9 multiplied by Vmi, working according to the working parameter matrix W (i +2) after the sequence of the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
if the working parameter matrix Wi is more than 0.9 multiplied by Vmi and less than Vms and less than Vmi, working according to a working parameter matrix W (i +1) after the sequence of the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
if Vms = Vmi, working according to the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
if Vmi is more than Vms and less than 1.1 multiplied by Vmi, working according to a working parameter matrix W (i-1) before the sequence of the current working parameter matrix Wi of the shield machine;
and if the working parameter matrix Wi is 1.1 multiplied by Vmi, Vms and 1.2 multiplied by Vmi, working according to the working parameter matrix W (i-2) before the current working parameter matrix Wi sequence of the shield machine.
4. The tunnel excavation method of claim 3, wherein if Vms is greater than 1.2 × Vmi or Vms is less than 0.8 × Vmi, the shield tunneling machine collects current actual environment information of the tunnel, and obtains an actual parameter matrix Es (Ts, Ys, Xs, Ds), wherein Ts represents average temperature information of a position where the current tunnel excavation is performed, Ys represents average hardness of the position where the current tunnel excavation is performed, Xs represents geology of the position where the current tunnel excavation is performed, and Ds represents average humidity of the position where the current tunnel excavation is performed.
5. The tunnel excavation method of claim 4, wherein a value of a current environment coefficient as is obtained according to an actual parameter matrix Es, a maximum value of the environment coefficient is set to amax and a minimum value amin, when the as is within a range of the maximum value and the minimum value of the environment parameter, temperature, hardness, geology and humidity information in a preset environment parameter and an actual parameter in an environment is analyzed to determine a working parameter of the shield tunneling machine in a next time period, if the as is out of the range of the maximum value and the minimum value of the environment parameter, the environment parameter is collected again, and if the environment parameter collected for the second time is not within the range of the maximum value and the minimum value, a current environment collection fault is prompted.
6. The method for excavating a tunnel according to claim 5, wherein the operating parameters of the shield tunneling machine in the next time period are adjusted to:
when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Ts is larger than Ti or Ts is smaller than Ti, adjusting the temperature Vti of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine to be Vs (i-1) or Vt (i + 1);
when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Ys is larger than Yi or is smaller than Yi, adjusting the content Vqi of the foaming agent sprayed by the cutter head of the shield machine to be Vq (i +1) or Vq (i-1);
when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Xs is larger than Xi or Xs is smaller than Xi, the shield tunneling machine propulsion speed Vmi is adjusted to be Vm (i-1) or Vq (i + 1);
and when the actual environment coefficient as is in the range, if Ds is larger than Di or is smaller than Di, adjusting the rotating speed Vsi of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine to be Vs (i +1) or Vs (i-1).
7. The method for excavating a tunnel according to claim 6, wherein the working parameters of the shield tunneling machine in the next time period are adjusted according to the comparison between the actually collected environmental parameters and the preset environmental parameters, and if the actual environmental parameters and the preset environmental parameters only have different temperatures, the working parameters of the shield tunneling machine cutter head temperature corresponding to the adjusted temperature parameters are correspondingly adjusted; if only the temperature and the hardness in the actual environment and the preset environment parameters are different, correspondingly adjusting working parameters of the shield machine cutter head temperature and the foaming agent content corresponding to the temperature and hardness parameters; if only the temperature, the hardness and the geology are in the actual environment and the preset environment parameters, correspondingly adjusting the shield machine cutter head temperature, the foaming agent content and the propulsion speed working parameters corresponding to the environment parameters of the temperature, the hardness and the geology; if the temperature, the hardness, the geology and the humidity in the actual environment are different from those in the preset environment parameters, the temperature, the foaming agent content, the propelling speed and the cutter rotating speed working parameters of the cutter head of the shield machine corresponding to the different environment parameters are correspondingly adjusted.
8. The method of tunneling according to claim 7, wherein the comparison of the shield tunneling machine advancing speeds is: comparing the actual propulsion speed in the current time period with the preset propulsion speed in the current time period, wherein the environmental parameters are as follows: the environmental parameters of the current time period and the environmental parameters of the last measurement.
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| CN105863656A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-17 | 国家电网公司 | Shield tunneling method |
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| CN110080789A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-02 | 周霄 | A kind of shield sky, which pushes away, spells section of jurisdiction construction |
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| CN105863656A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-17 | 国家电网公司 | Shield tunneling method |
| CN106285710A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 中南大学 | A kind of earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS boring parameter control method based on earth's surface deformation |
| CN109854259A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-07 | 中铁工程服务有限公司 | A kind of acquisition methods and system of shield machine construction boring parameter optimum valuing range |
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