CN111911158A - Directional fracturing top-control pressure relief device for hard top plate - Google Patents
Directional fracturing top-control pressure relief device for hard top plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111911158A CN111911158A CN202010807630.5A CN202010807630A CN111911158A CN 111911158 A CN111911158 A CN 111911158A CN 202010807630 A CN202010807630 A CN 202010807630A CN 111911158 A CN111911158 A CN 111911158A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a directional fracturing top-controlling pressure relief device for a hard top plate, which can effectively improve the efficiency and effect of pressure relief and ensure the pressure relief capacity by a mode of firstly washing a hole, then processing a cutting groove and then sealing the hole and fracturing High-efficiency operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a directional fracturing top-control pressure relief device for a hard top plate, and relates to the related field of directional fracturing pressure relief of the hard top plate.
Background
If the hard roof can not be subjected to timely pressure relief treatment in the coal mining process, a large-area suspended roof is extremely easy to form, and once the suspended roof is broken, a roadway can be instantly damaged, so that the coal mine safety is seriously threatened. Therefore, the weakening of the hard roof is critical to disaster control of the coal mine roof. At present, the most common methods for weakening the hard top plate mainly comprise top blasting and hydraulic fracturing, and the potential safety hazard of top blasting and breaking is high, so that the production interference is large; the hydraulic fracturing adopts a high-pressure water fracturing top plate, the construction process is relatively simple, and the controllability and operability of treatment are strong, so that the fracturing pressure relief mode is the most common mode. However, the existing fracturing pressure relief is simple, and generally, direct high-pressure fracturing is simply carried out in a drill hole, but the pressure relief effect is not ideal due to the fact that a top plate is hard, the required pressure is extremely high, the requirement on required equipment is high, and the energy consumption is also high.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages, the present invention provides a directional fracturing roof-controlling pressure relief device for a hard roof and a method thereof.
The invention is realized in this way, construct a directional fracturing and control the top pressure relief method used for hard roof, it adopts the directional fracturing and control the top pressure relief device, the apparatus includes the fracturing fluid feeder, high-pressure pumping unit, high-pressure cutting particle feed mechanism, Venturi tube, fracturing pipe, fracturing and cutting head and wash the hole head, characterized by that, the said fracturing fluid feeder is connected to the contraction end of the said Venturi tube through the high-pressure pumping unit, the diffusion end of the said Venturi tube is connected to the said fracturing pipe, the said high-pressure cutting particle feed mechanism is connected with throat pipe on the said Venturi tube, the throat pipe locates at the junction between said diffusion end and contraction end; the fracturing and cutting head is fixedly connected with the end part of the fracturing pipe, and the fracturing and cutting head and the hole washing head are both communicated with a pipe hole of the fracturing pipe; the top-controlling pressure relief method for directional fracturing comprises the following steps:
(i) drilling: drilling a fracturing drill hole at the position of the to-be-oriented fracturing top control relief part, and extending a fracturing pipe into the pressure drill hole;
(ii) hole washing: connecting a liquid inlet end of the high-pressure pumping unit to a hole washing liquid, supplying the high-pressure hole washing liquid into the fracturing pipe by using the high-pressure pumping unit, closing the fracturing and cutting head when the hole is washed, and washing the drilled hole by using the hole washing head at the end part of the fracturing pipe;
(iii) cutting treatment: closing the hole washing head, opening a switch between the high-pressure cutting particle supply mechanism and the Venturi tube, enabling the high-pressure cutting particle supply mechanism to supply cutting particles into the Venturi tube, enabling the hole washing liquid to be mixed with the cutting particles, and cutting a plurality of radial cutting grooves in the radial direction of the drilled hole by utilizing the cutting action of high pressure and the cutting particles;
(iv) hole sealing treatment: after each radial cutting groove is cut, extending the fracturing pipe into the fracturing hole, and sealing the end part of the drilled hole to enable the fracturing pipe and the end part of the drilled hole to be arranged in a sealing mode;
(v) fracturing and relieving pressure: closing a switch between a high-pressure cutting particle supply mechanism and the venturi tube, replacing the hole washing liquid with fracturing liquid, supplying high-pressure fracturing liquid into the fracturing pipe by using a fracturing liquid supply device and a high-pressure pumping unit to realize fracturing pressure relief treatment, wherein when in fracturing, a hole washing head is in a closed state, fracturing is realized by using a fracturing and cutting head, and when the fracturing and cutting head is in a closed state, fracturing is performed by using the hole washing head, and the hole washing head, the fracturing and cutting head are sequentially and intermittently opened or closed;
(vi) pressure maintaining: during fracturing, pressure maintaining and fracturing can be carried out for a certain time under the set maximum fracturing pressure, and then fracturing and pressure relief can be completed.
Further, preferably, the high-pressure pumping unit is also connected with a booster pump.
Further, as preferred, high pressure cutting particle feed mechanism is including cutting particle supply tank, particle delivery pump, the jar and prevent stifled air flow mouth of flow equalizing, wherein, particle delivery pump one end is connected to cutting particle supply tank, the particle delivery pump other end passes through the jar that flow equalizes is connected to the conveyer pipe, be provided with on the conveyer pipe and prevent stifled air flow mouth, duct connections to the choke, just prevent stifled air flow mouth give vent to anger the end with the contained angle that has an acute angle between the extension direction of delivery of conveyer pipe, utilize prevent stifled air flow mouth and carry the particle and prevent that the particle from blockking up.
Further, as preferred, the fracturing and cutting head includes an installation overcoat and a high-pressure injection sleeve, wherein the installation overcoat extends along the radial direction of fracturing pipe fixed mounting, but rotatable the being provided with in the installation overcoat high-pressure injection sleeve.
Preferably, the front end of the high-pressure injection sleeve is provided with an injection hole, and the inner wall of the central through hole of the high-pressure injection sleeve is provided with a spiral extending spiral groove.
Preferably, a direct drive motor is arranged between the mounting outer sleeve and the front end of the high-pressure injection sleeve, and the direct drive motor is used for driving the high-pressure injection sleeve to rotate relative to the mounting outer sleeve.
Preferably, the mounting sleeve has a stepped structure with a large front end and a small rear end, wherein the front end is one end facing the injection hole, and the front end of the mounting sleeve is provided with a sealing end cover in a sealing manner.
Preferably, an oil film gap is formed between the rear end of the mounting outer sleeve and the high-pressure injection sleeve, lubricating oil is filled in the oil film gap, a positioning section is arranged at the rear end of the high-pressure injection sleeve, and the outer end wall of the positioning section is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the mounting outer sleeve.
Preferably, a cable hole extends in the axial direction of the fracturing pipe, and cables of the direct drive motor and the switch are all arranged in the cable hole.
In addition, the invention also provides a directional fracturing top control pressure relief device for the hard top plate, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a fracturing fluid feeder, a high-pressure pumping unit, a high-pressure cutting particle feeding mechanism, a venturi tube, a fracturing pipe, a fracturing and cutting head and a hole washing head, wherein the fracturing fluid feeder is connected to the contraction end of the venturi tube through the high-pressure pumping unit, the diffusion end of the venturi tube is connected to the fracturing pipe, the high-pressure cutting particle feeding mechanism is connected with a throat pipe on the venturi tube, and the throat pipe is positioned at the connection position between the diffusion end and the contraction end; the position that stretches into in the drilling of fracturing pipe is provided with a plurality of along fracturing and cutting head that fracturing pipe radial extension, the tip fixedly connected with of fracturing pipe wash the hole head, fracturing and cutting head with wash the hole head all with the pore intercommunication of fracturing pipe.
The invention has the following advantages: compared with the same type of equipment, the directional fracturing top-control pressure relief device for the hard top plate provided by the invention has the following advantages:
the invention relates to a directional fracturing top-control pressure relief device for a hard top plate, which can effectively improve the pressure relief efficiency and effect and ensure the pressure relief capacity by a mode of firstly washing a hole, then carrying out groove cutting treatment and then sealing and fracturing High-efficiency operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the front end of the fracturing pipe of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the fracturing and cutting head of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a directional fracturing top control pressure relief method for a hard top plate by improvement, which adopts a directional fracturing top control pressure relief device, and the device comprises a fracturing fluid feeder 1, a high-pressure pumping unit 3, a high-pressure cutting particle feeding mechanism, a Venturi tube 9, a fracturing pipe 10, a fracturing and cutting head 11 and a hole washing head 12, and is characterized in that the fracturing fluid feeder 1 is connected to the contraction end of the Venturi tube 9 through the high-pressure pumping unit, the diffusion end of the Venturi tube 9 is connected to the fracturing pipe 10, the high-pressure cutting particle feeding mechanism is connected with a throat pipe on the Venturi tube 9, and the throat pipe is positioned at the connection position between the diffusion end and the contraction end; the position of the fracturing pipe extending into the drill hole is provided with a plurality of fracturing and cutting heads 11 extending along the radial direction of the fracturing pipe, the end part of the fracturing pipe is fixedly connected with the hole washing head 12, and the fracturing and cutting heads 11 and the hole washing head are both communicated with the pipe hole of the fracturing pipe; the top-controlling pressure relief method for directional fracturing comprises the following steps:
(i) drilling: drilling a fracturing drill hole at the position of the to-be-oriented fracturing top control relief part, and extending a fracturing pipe into the pressure drill hole;
(ii) hole washing: connecting the liquid inlet end of the high-pressure pumping unit 3 to a hole washing liquid, supplying the high-pressure hole washing liquid into the fracturing pipe by using the high-pressure pumping unit 3, closing the fracturing and cutting head 11 when the hole is washed, and washing the hole of the drilled hole by using the hole washing head 12 at the end part of the fracturing pipe;
(iii) cutting treatment: closing the hole washing head, opening a switch between the high-pressure cutting particle supply mechanism and the Venturi tube 9, enabling the high-pressure cutting particle supply mechanism to supply cutting particles into the Venturi tube, enabling the hole washing liquid to be mixed with the cutting particles, and cutting a plurality of radial cutting grooves in the radial direction of the drilled hole by utilizing the cutting action of high pressure and the cutting particles;
(iv) hole sealing treatment: after each radial cutting groove is cut, extending the fracturing pipe into the fracturing hole, and sealing the end part of the drilled hole to enable the fracturing pipe and the end part of the drilled hole to be arranged in a sealing mode;
(v) fracturing and relieving pressure: closing a switch between a high-pressure cutting particle supply mechanism and the venturi tube 9, replacing the hole washing liquid with fracturing liquid, supplying high-pressure fracturing liquid into the fracturing pipe by using a fracturing liquid supply device 1 and a high-pressure pumping unit 3 to realize fracturing pressure relief treatment, realizing fracturing by using a fracturing and cutting head 11 when a hole washing head is in a closed state during fracturing, and fracturing by using the hole washing head when the fracturing and cutting head 11 is in a closed state, and sequentially and intermittently opening or closing the hole washing head and the fracturing and cutting head 11;
(vi) pressure maintaining: during fracturing, pressure maintaining and fracturing can be carried out for a certain time under the set maximum fracturing pressure, and then fracturing and pressure relief can be completed.
In this embodiment, the high-pressure pumping unit 3 is further connected to a booster pump 2.
High pressure cutting particle feed mechanism is including cutting particle supply tank, particle delivery pump 5, the jar 6 and prevent stifled air current mouth 4 that flow equalizes, wherein, 5 one end of particle delivery pump is connected to cutting particle supply tank, 5 other ends of particle delivery pump pass through the jar 6 that flow equalizes is connected to conveyer pipe 7, be provided with on the conveyer pipe and prevent stifled air current mouth 4, duct connections to the choke, just prevent stifled air current mouth 4 give vent to anger the end with the contained angle that has an acute angle between the extension direction of delivery of conveyer pipe utilizes prevent stifled air current mouth 4 and carry the particle and prevent that the particle from blockking up.
Fracturing and cutting head 11 is including installation overcoat 13 and high-pressure injection cover 21, wherein, the installation overcoat is along the radial direction extension fixed mounting of fracturing pipe, rotatable pivoted is provided with in the installation overcoat high-pressure injection cover 21.
The front end of the high-pressure injection sleeve 21 is provided with an injection hole 20, the inner wall of the central through hole 19 of the high-pressure injection sleeve is provided with a spiral groove 16 which extends spirally, and the rotation direction of the high-pressure injection sleeve is set to enable the spiral groove 16 to boost the injection liquid to be injected outwards.
A direct drive motor 17 is arranged between the mounting outer sleeve and the front end part of the high-pressure injection sleeve, and the direct drive motor is utilized to drive the high-pressure injection sleeve to rotate relative to the mounting outer sleeve.
The installation outer sleeve is of a stepped structure with a large front end and a small rear end, wherein the front end is one end facing the injection hole 20, and the front end of the installation outer sleeve is provided with a sealing end cover 18 in a sealing mode.
An oil film gap 15 is formed between the rear end of the mounting outer sleeve and the high-pressure injection sleeve 21, lubricating oil is filled in the oil film gap, a positioning section 14 is arranged at the rear end of the high-pressure injection sleeve, and the outer end wall of the positioning section is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the mounting outer sleeve.
The axial direction of the fracturing pipe extends to form a cable hole, and cables of the direct drive motor and the switch are all arranged in the cable hole in a transmission mode.
In addition, the invention also provides a directional fracturing top control pressure relief device for the hard top plate, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a fracturing fluid feeder 1, a high-pressure pumping unit 3, a high-pressure cutting particle feeding mechanism, a Venturi tube 9, a fracturing pipe 10, a fracturing and cutting head 11 and a hole washing head 12, wherein the fracturing fluid feeder 1 is connected to the contraction end of the Venturi tube 9 through the high-pressure pumping unit, the diffusion end of the Venturi tube 9 is connected to the fracturing pipe 10, the high-pressure cutting particle feeding mechanism is connected with a throat pipe on the Venturi tube 9, and the throat pipe is positioned at the connection position between the diffusion end and the contraction end; the position that stretches into in the drilling of fracturing pipe is provided with a plurality of along fracturing and cutting head 11 that fracturing pipe radial extension, the tip fixedly connected with of fracturing pipe wash hole head 12, fracturing and cutting head 11 with wash hole head all with the tube hole intercommunication of fracturing pipe.
The invention relates to a directional fracturing top-control pressure relief device for a hard top plate, which can effectively improve the pressure relief efficiency and effect and ensure the pressure relief capacity by a mode of firstly washing a hole, then carrying out groove cutting treatment and then sealing and fracturing High-efficiency operation.
The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described, and the standard parts used in the present invention are all available on the market, the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description and the accompanying drawings, the specific connection mode of each part adopts the conventional means of bolt and rivet, welding and the like mature in the prior art, the machinery, parts and equipment adopt the conventional type in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection mode in the prior art, and the details are not described herein.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A directional fracturing top control pressure relief method for a hard top plate adopts a directional fracturing top control pressure relief device, which comprises a fracturing fluid feeder (1), a high-pressure pumping unit (3), a high-pressure cutting particle feeding mechanism, a Venturi tube (9), a fracturing tube (10), a fracturing and cutting head (11) and a hole washing head (12), and is characterized in that the fracturing fluid feeder (1) is connected to the contraction end of the Venturi tube (9) through the high-pressure pumping unit, the diffusion end of the Venturi tube (9) is connected to the fracturing tube (10), the high-pressure cutting particle feeding mechanism is connected with a throat tube on the Venturi tube (9), and the throat tube is positioned at the connection position between the diffusion end and the contraction end; the fracturing pipe is characterized in that a plurality of fracturing and cutting heads (11) extending along the radial direction of the fracturing pipe are arranged at the part of the fracturing pipe extending into the drill hole, the end part of the fracturing pipe is fixedly connected with the hole washing head (12), and the fracturing and cutting heads (11) and the hole washing head are both communicated with the pipe hole of the fracturing pipe; the top-controlling pressure relief method for directional fracturing comprises the following steps:
(i) drilling: drilling a fracturing drill hole at the position of the to-be-oriented fracturing top control relief part, and extending a fracturing pipe into the pressure drill hole;
(ii) hole washing: connecting a liquid inlet end of the high-pressure pumping unit (3) to a hole washing liquid, supplying the high-pressure hole washing liquid into a fracturing pipe by using the high-pressure pumping unit (3), closing the fracturing and cutting head (11) when the hole is washed, and washing the drilled hole by using a hole washing head (12) at the end part of the fracturing pipe;
(iii) cutting treatment: the hole washing head is closed, a switch between the high-pressure cutting particle supply mechanism and the Venturi tube (9) is opened, so that the high-pressure cutting particle supply mechanism supplies cutting particles into the Venturi tube, the hole washing liquid is mixed with the cutting particles, and a plurality of radial cutting grooves are cut in the radial direction of the drilled hole by utilizing the cutting action of high pressure and the cutting particles;
(iv) hole sealing treatment: after each radial cutting groove is cut, extending the fracturing pipe into the fracturing hole, and sealing the end part of the drilled hole to enable the fracturing pipe and the end part of the drilled hole to be arranged in a sealing mode;
(v) fracturing and relieving pressure: closing a switch between a high-pressure cutting particle supply mechanism and the Venturi tube (9), replacing a hole washing liquid with a fracturing liquid, supplying the high-pressure fracturing liquid into the fracturing pipe by using a fracturing liquid supply device (1) and a high-pressure pumping unit (3) to realize fracturing pressure relief treatment, realizing fracturing by using a fracturing and cutting head (11) when a hole washing head is in a closed state during fracturing, fracturing by using the hole washing head when the fracturing and cutting head (11) is in a closed state, and sequentially and intermittently opening or closing the hole washing head and the fracturing and cutting head (11);
(vi) pressure maintaining: during fracturing, pressure maintaining and fracturing can be carried out for a certain time under the set maximum fracturing pressure, and then fracturing and pressure relief can be completed.
2. The directional fracturing roof control pressure relief method for the hard roof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-pressure pumping unit (3) is also connected with a booster pump (2).
3. The directional fracturing roof control pressure relief method for the hard roof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: high pressure cutting particle feed mechanism is including cutting particle supply tank, particle delivery pump (5), jar (6) and prevent stifled air current mouth (4) flow equalize, wherein, particle delivery pump (5) one end is connected to cutting particle supply tank, particle delivery pump (5) other end passes through jar (6) of flow equalizing is connected to conveyer pipe (7), be provided with on the conveyer pipe and prevent stifled air current mouth (4), duct connections to the choke, just prevent giving vent to anger of stifled air current mouth (4) end with the contained angle that has an acute angle between the extension direction of delivery of conveyer pipe utilizes prevent stifled air current mouth (4) and carry the particle and prevent that the particle from blockking up.
4. The directional fracturing roof control pressure relief method for the hard roof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fracturing and cutting head (11) comprises an installation outer sleeve (13) and a high-pressure injection sleeve (21), wherein the installation outer sleeve extends and is fixedly installed along the radial direction of the fracturing pipe, and the high-pressure injection sleeve (21) is rotatably arranged in the installation outer sleeve.
5. The directional fracturing roof control pressure relief method for the hard roof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front end of the high-pressure injection sleeve (21) is provided with an injection hole (20), the inner wall of the central through hole (19) of the high-pressure injection sleeve is provided with a spiral groove (16) which extends spirally, and the rotation direction of the high-pressure injection sleeve is set to enable the spiral groove (16) to boost injection liquid to be injected outwards.
6. The directional fracturing roof control pressure relief method for the hard roof plate as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a direct drive motor (17) is arranged between the mounting outer sleeve and the front end part of the high-pressure injection sleeve, and the direct drive motor is utilized to drive the high-pressure injection sleeve to rotate relative to the mounting outer sleeve.
7. The directional fracturing roof control pressure relief method for the hard roof plate as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the installation overcoat is big rear end little stair structure in front end, and wherein, the front end is the one end towards jet orifice (20), the sealed end cover (18) that is provided with in front end of installation overcoat.
8. The directional fracturing roof control pressure relief method for the hard roof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: an oil film gap (15) is formed between the rear end of the mounting outer sleeve and the high-pressure injection sleeve (21), lubricating oil is filled in the oil film gap, a positioning section (14) is arranged at the rear end of the high-pressure injection sleeve, and the outer end wall of the positioning section is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the mounting outer sleeve.
9. The directional fracturing roof control pressure relief method for the hard roof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the axial direction of the fracturing pipe extends to form a cable hole, and cables of the direct drive motor and the switch are all arranged in the cable hole in a transmission mode.
10. A directional fracturing roof-control pressure relief device for a hard roof, which is used for the directional fracturing roof-control pressure relief method for the hard roof as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized in that: the device comprises a fracturing fluid feeder (1), a high-pressure pumping unit (3), a high-pressure cutting particle feeding mechanism, a Venturi tube (9), a fracturing pipe (10), a fracturing and cutting head (11) and a hole washing head (12), wherein the fracturing fluid feeder (1) is connected to the contraction end of the Venturi tube (9) through the high-pressure pumping unit, the diffusion end of the Venturi tube (9) is connected to the fracturing pipe (10), the high-pressure cutting particle feeding mechanism is connected with a throat tube on the Venturi tube (9), and the throat tube is located at the connection position between the diffusion end and the contraction end; the fracturing pipe is characterized in that a plurality of fracturing and cutting heads (11) extending along the radial direction of the fracturing pipe are arranged at the part of the fracturing pipe extending into the drill hole, the end part of the fracturing pipe is fixedly connected with the hole washing head (12), and the fracturing and cutting heads (11) and the hole washing head are communicated with the pipe hole of the fracturing pipe.
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| CN202010807630.5A CN111911158B (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Directional fracturing top-control pressure relief device for hard top plate |
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| CN202010807630.5A CN111911158B (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Directional fracturing top-control pressure relief device for hard top plate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112554789A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 华北科技学院 | Coal face end suspended ceiling processing device |
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| CN111911158B (en) | 2022-02-25 |
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