CN111904450A - Method, device and system for extracting center and region of interest of left ventricle - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device and a system for extracting the center and the region of interest of a left ventricle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of SPECT imaging, in particular to a method, a device and a system for extracting a center and a region of interest of a left ventricle.
Background
Emission Tomography is a non-invasive nuclear medicine imaging method, and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) is one kind of emission Tomography, and is currently widely used in preclinical drug research and clinical disease diagnosis.
At present, SPECT/PET is widely applied to myocardial tomography for nondestructive diagnosis of coronary heart disease. However, in the conventional qualitative analysis method, images are interpreted by naked eye, and since tens of images in 3 directions of the myocardial short axis X, the horizontal long axis Z and the vertical long axis Y are analyzed and the motion and delay are compared one by one, the workload of the reader is large. Furthermore, qualitative analysis methods have difficulty excluding diagnostic differences between different observers due to differences in judgment criteria and experience. Therefore, computerized and quantitative myocardial SPECT diagnosis methods have been developed.
At present, the study and application of a myocardial image post-processing algorithm and software of a domestic single-photon emission computed tomography technology are very weak, and are obviously lagged behind compared with foreign countries. However, the operation of foreign related software is hundreds of thousands or even millions of dollars, and the algorithm is completely controlled by foreign related medical equipment manufacturers or medical image research institutions, so that the development of nuclear medicine domestic equipment is restricted. The development of the own myocardial SPECT image post-processing algorithm and software research in China is imminent, especially in the current domestic and international situation. The basic precondition of the myocardial SPECT image post-processing algorithm and software is as follows: the left ventricular center and the region of interest are first calculated correctly.
The conventional method for calculating the center of a foreground object is often ineffective due to the low resolution of the myocardial SPECT image, the small imaging size, and the continuous myocardial image defect and the free end image of the cardiac fundus caused by myocardial ischemia. Due to the low resolution, small imaging size and poor contrast of myocardial SPECT images, anatomical structures or tissues such as the spleen and liver of the left ventricle and surrounding tissues are not easily distinguished from each other on the SPECT image, thereby causing the subsequent epicardial extraction of the myocardium and the calculation error of the target heart map. Therefore, correctly calculating the center of the left ventricle and the region of interest is important for the calculation of the quantitative index of myocardial SPECT.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect of diagnosis difference caused by naked eye interpretation of the myocardial tomography SPECT image, the invention provides a method, a device and a system for extracting the myocardial center and the region of interest.
The technical scheme provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
a method for extracting the center of the left ventricle and the interested region comprises the following steps:
acquiring an initial image set M: acquiring an initial image set M of a target region according to scanning reconstruction data of a SPECT device, wherein the initial image set M of the target region comprises a plurality of left ventricle sectional tomographic images P1, P2 and P3 … … Pm which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of a left ventricle;
constructing a three-dimensional image model according to the initial image set M, and taking the gray value of a pixel point of each left ventricle section tomographic image as the value of each point of a three-dimensional coordinate;
determining the centers (xc, yc) of the left ventricle section graph Px and the left ventricle section, calculating the graph shapes of the left ventricle section graph Px on the X-axis and Y-axis planes according to the three-dimensional image model, and calculating the positions (xc, yc) of the left ventricle section on the X-axis and Y-axis planes according to the left ventricle section graph Px;
determining the height range of the left ventricle and the Z-axis center zc of the left ventricle, determining the height range of the left ventricle on the Z axis according to the three-dimensional image model and the positions of the section centers (xc, yc) of the left ventricle, and determining the center zc of the left ventricle according to the height range of the left ventricle on the Z axis;
acquiring a heart muscle center and an interested area, determining a Z-axis center zc of the left ventricle according to the height range of the left ventricle, further determining the heart muscle center (xc, yc, zc), and determining the interested area of the left ventricle according to the left ventricle section graph Px and the height range of the left ventricle.
Further, the method for constructing a three-dimensional image model according to the initial image set M comprises the following steps:
taking the left-right direction of the left ventricle displayed in the left ventricle sectional tomographic image P as the X-axis, and the X-direction starting point of the first left ventricle sectional tomographic image P1 as X1;
setting the anterior-posterior direction of the left ventricle displayed in the left ventricle sectional tomographic image P as the Y axis, and setting the Y-direction starting point of the first left ventricle sectional tomographic image P1 as Y1;
the longitudinal direction of the left ventricle is taken as the Z axis, and the starting point of the first left ventricle cross-sectional tomogram P1 in the Z direction is taken as Z1;
and determining the value of each point of the three-dimensional coordinate according to the position and the gray value of the pixel point in each left ventricle section sectional image.
Further, the method of determining the left ventricular cross-sectional extent and the center of the left ventricular cross-section (xc, yc) comprises:
extracting a three-dimensional image N with a preset height from the three-dimensional image model along the Z axis, and superposing the extracted three-dimensional image N into a two-dimensional image model Pn along the Z axis;
respectively carrying out X-axis projection and Y-axis projection on the Pn, obtaining an X-axis projection result xL and a Y-axis projection result yL, respectively calculating first moments of the xL and the yL, and obtaining a center initial position of a left ventricle in the two-dimensional image model Pn according to the first moment calculation results of the xL and the yL;
and establishing a mask on the two-dimensional image model Pn by taking the initial position of the center of the left ventricle as a center, and performing ellipse fitting on the Pn by taking the preset pixel length as a radius and the initial position of the center of the left ventricle as a circle center to obtain an elliptical left ventricle sectional graph Px, wherein the center of the Px is taken as the center (xc, yc) of the section of the left ventricle.
Further, the method for determining the left ventricle height range and extracting the Z-axis center zc of the left ventricle comprises the following steps:
superposing and projecting an image in a range from Y-axis coordinates Y1 to yc to an XOZ plane along a Y axis to obtain a two-dimensional image Pz;
and performing Z-axis projection on the two-dimensional image Pz, calculating the maximum value Tmax of the gray scale of each point on the projected straight line zL, calculating the range of the left ventricle on the Z axis according to the maximum value Tmax of the gray scale, and calculating the center zc of the left ventricle on the Z axis.
Further, the method for extracting the three-dimensional image N includes: the three-dimensional image model is trisected from Z1 to zm along the Z-axis, taking the middle integer part.
Further, the method for calculating the height range of the left ventricle comprises the following steps: multiplying the maximum value Tmax of the gray scale by a preset parameter K (K is more than or equal to 0.45 and less than 0.65) to obtain a reference value T, substituting the reference value T into the post-projection straight line zL, taking the first point which is greater than the reference value T as a Z-axis starting point Z _ apical of the apex of the left ventricle, and taking the last point which is greater than the reference value T as a Z-axis ending point Z _ basal of the fundus of the left ventricle, so as to obtain the height range of the left ventricle.
Further, the calculating method of zc includes calculating an intermediate point zc between the z _ approximate and the z _ basal according to the z _ approximate and the z _ basal, and if the intermediate point is not an integer point, selecting a point with an integer number plus one as zc.
The invention also provides a device adopting the method, and the device comprises the following steps:
an acquisition unit configured to acquire an initial image set M;
the modeling unit is used for establishing a three-dimensional image model according to the initial image set M;
the processing unit is used for calculating the center of the myocardium and the region of interest according to the three-dimensional image model;
and the output unit is used for outputting the processing result of the processing unit.
The invention also provides a SPECT device which adopts the device.
The invention automatically calculates the central position of the left ventricle and the three-dimensional interest area of the myocardium according to the SPECT sectional image, so that the central position and the three-dimensional interest area of the myocardium are distinguished from surrounding tissues and artifacts, the judgment result does not depend on human experience any more, the result is accurate and fast, the calculation speed of the myocardial SPECT quantitative index is improved, the labor is saved, and the efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of obtaining an initial image M according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the position of the left ventricle and the three-dimensional coordinates in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the method of the present invention for converting an image set M into a three-dimensional image model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a method step of determining a left ventricular cross-sectional extent and a center of a left ventricular cross-section in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps in a method of determining a range of left ventricular heights;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of one presentation of an acquired SPECT image;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; "notched" means, unless otherwise stated, a shape other than a flat cross-section. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of acquiring a left ventricle sectional image at an initial stage according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the present invention acquires a plurality of left ventricle sectional images P1, P2, P3 … … Pm arranged in sequence in a left ventricle longitudinal direction along an arrow line direction. The method is applied to the SPECT equipment, an initial image set M is obtained through calculation and extraction from a heart tomographic image obtained by the SPECT equipment, and an initial image set of a target region is obtained according to scanning reconstruction data of the SPECT equipment, wherein the initial image set of the target region comprises a plurality of left ventricle section tomographic images P1, P2 and P3 … … Pm which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of a left ventricle.
Referring to fig. 3, after the initial image set M is obtained, a three-dimensional image model is constructed according to the initial image set M, and a pixel point value of each left ventricle section tomographic image is used as a value of each point of a three-dimensional coordinate; for convenience of understanding of the coordinate system, referring to fig. 2, the coordinate system and the corresponding direction of the heart in the present invention are schematically illustrated, and the origin of coordinates in this figure does not represent the origin of coordinates of the embodiment of the present invention, but only for convenience of describing three directions of the three-dimensional coordinate system.
In conjunction with fig. 4 and 5, a calculation of the region of interest of the center of the myocardium and the left ventricle in the present invention is shown. Determining the centers (xc, yc) of the left ventricle section graph Px and the left ventricle section, calculating the graph shapes of the left ventricle section graph Px on the X-axis and Y-axis planes according to the three-dimensional image model, and calculating the positions (xc, yc) of the left ventricle section on the X-axis and Y-axis planes according to the left ventricle section graph Px; determining the height range of the left ventricle and the Z-axis center zc of the left ventricle, determining the height range of the left ventricle on the Z axis according to the three-dimensional image model and the positions of the section centers (xc, yc) of the left ventricle, and determining the center zc of the left ventricle according to the height range of the left ventricle on the Z axis; acquiring a heart muscle center and an interested area, determining a Z-axis center zc of the left ventricle according to the height range of the left ventricle, further determining the heart muscle center (xc, yc, zc), and determining the interested area of the left ventricle according to the left ventricle section graph Px and the height range of the left ventricle.
With reference to fig. 2 and 3, the method for constructing a three-dimensional image model from the initial image set M includes: taking the left-right direction of the left ventricle displayed in the left ventricle sectional tomographic image P as the X-axis, and the X-direction starting point of the first left ventricle sectional tomographic image P1 as X1; setting the anterior-posterior direction of the left ventricle displayed in the left ventricle sectional tomographic image P as the Y axis, and setting the Y-direction starting point of the first left ventricle sectional tomographic image P1 as Y1; the longitudinal direction of the left ventricle is taken as the Z axis, and the starting point of the first left ventricle cross-sectional tomogram P1 in the Z direction is taken as Z1; and determining the value of each point of the three-dimensional coordinate according to the position and the gray value of the pixel point in each left ventricle section sectional image. In the invention, the heart and the human body form a certain included angle, so the three-dimensional coordinate system of the left ventricle cannot simply apply human body coordinates, but needs to be determined further along with the influence of the left ventricle displayed in the initial image set M. Referring to FIG. 6, in one presentation of a left ventricular tomographic image, the present invention further determines three-dimensional coordinate system and three-dimensional image model data from the image of FIG. 6. In the invention, because the sectional image of the left ventricle has gray scale, the starting point cannot be zero, so the starting point of the three-dimensional image model established by the three-dimensional coordinate system is (x1, y1, z1), all coordinate points of the three-dimensional coordinate system are integer points, and each point corresponds to a gray scale value.
In the present invention, referring to fig. 4, a method of determining a left ventricle cross-sectional extent and a center (xc, yc) of a left ventricle cross-section includes: extracting a three-dimensional image N with a preset height from the three-dimensional image model along the Z axis, and superposing the extracted three-dimensional image N into a two-dimensional image model Pn along the Z axis;
respectively carrying out X-axis projection and Y-axis projection on the Pn, obtaining an X-axis projection result xL and a Y-axis projection result yL, respectively calculating first moments of the xL and the yL, and obtaining a center initial position of a left ventricle in the Pn according to the first moment calculation results of the xL and the yL; the first moment calculation formula is exemplified by xL:
And establishing a mask on the two-dimensional image model Pn by taking the initial position of the center of the left ventricle as a center, and performing ellipse fitting on the Pn by taking the preset pixel length as a radius and the initial position of the center of the left ventricle as a circle center to obtain an elliptical left ventricle sectional graph Px, wherein the center of the Px is taken as the center (xc, yc) of the section of the left ventricle. The invention adopts different pixel radiuses to sample corresponding to different SPECT detectors. In the present embodiment, when performing ellipse fitting, Pn is also subjected to mask sampling, maximum value sampling is performed in the 9X9 domain with the initial position of the center of the left ventricle as the center of the 9X9 mask, ellipse fitting is performed according to the sampling result, and the fitted ellipse center is taken as (xc, yc). The maximum value sampling step comprises the steps of taking the initial position of the center of the left ventricle as the center, carrying out maximum value sampling on the image in the mask, carrying out Gaussian fitting on a sampling line, and obtaining the coordinate corresponding to the maximum value of the Gaussian curve after fitting as the sampling point. In the present embodiment, the sampling angle is 5 degrees, and sampling is performed 72 times along a 360-degree circle, but generally, the number of sampling points is less than or equal to 72 due to myocardial ischemia and the like. And when the number of the sampling points is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 72, carrying out ellipse fitting and outputting the ellipse center and the approximate ellipse outline. In the invention, although the sampling process is circumferential sampling, the result cannot be ensured to be fitted into a circumference in the fitting process due to the position and the shape of the heart muscle of the ventricle, so the invention performs ellipse fitting on the sampling result.
With reference to fig. 5, the method for determining the left ventricle height range and extracting the Z-axis center zc of the left ventricle in the present invention includes: the method for determining the left ventricle height range and extracting the Z-axis center zc of the left ventricle comprises the following steps: superposing and projecting an image in a range from Y-axis coordinates Y1 to yc to an XOZ plane along a Y axis to obtain a two-dimensional image Pz; and performing Z-axis projection on the two-dimensional image Pz, calculating the maximum value Tmax of the gray scale of each point on the projected straight line zL, calculating the range of the left ventricle on the Z axis according to the maximum value Tmax of the gray scale, and calculating the center zc of the left ventricle on the Z axis. In fig. 5, double-line arrows indicate the sequential relationship, and single-arrow lines indicate the stacking direction.
The method for extracting the three-dimensional image N comprises the following steps: the three-dimensional image model is trisected from Z1 to zm along the Z-axis, taking the middle integer part.
With reference to fig. 5, projecting the grayscale data in the two-dimensional image Pz perpendicular to the X axis, calculating a maximum grayscale value Tmax in the projected straight line, multiplying the maximum grayscale value Tmax by a preset parameter K (K is greater than or equal to 0.45 and less than 0.65) to obtain a reference value T, substituting the reference value T into the projected straight line, taking a first point greater than the reference value T as a Z-axis starting point Z _ apical of the apex of the left ventricle, taking a last point greater than the reference value T as a Z-axis ending point Z _ basal of the fundus of the left ventricle, and further obtaining a height range of the left ventricle. In the invention, in order to improve the accuracy, the preset parameter K is generally 0.55,
and the computing method of the zc comprises the steps of computing an intermediate point zc of the z _ approximate and the z _ basal according to the z _ approximate and the z _ basal, and if the intermediate point zc is not an integer point, selecting a point of an integer plus one as the zc.
Referring to fig. 7, an apparatus employing the above method, the apparatus comprising: an acquisition unit configured to acquire an initial image set M; the modeling unit is used for establishing a three-dimensional image model according to the initial image set M; the processing unit is used for calculating the center of the myocardium and the region of interest according to the three-dimensional image model; and the output unit is used for outputting the processing result of the processing unit.
A system comprising a SPECT apparatus employing the above-described device. .
The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (9)
1. A method for extracting the center of the left ventricle and the region of interest is applied to a SPECT device and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring an initial image set M: acquiring an initial image set M of a target region according to scanning reconstruction data of a SPECT device, wherein the initial image set M of the target region comprises a plurality of left ventricle sectional tomographic images P1, P2 and P3 … … Pm which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of a left ventricle;
constructing a three-dimensional image model according to the initial image set M, and taking the gray value of a pixel point of each left ventricle section tomographic image as the value of each point of a three-dimensional coordinate;
determining the center (xc, yc) of the left ventricle section graph Px and the left ventricle section, calculating the graph shape of the left ventricle section graph Px on the X-axis and Y-axis planes according to the three-dimensional image model, and calculating the position (xc, yc) of the center of the left ventricle section on the X-axis and Y-axis planes according to the left ventricle section graph Px;
determining the height range of the left ventricle and the Z-axis center zc of the left ventricle, determining the height range of the left ventricle on the Z axis according to the three-dimensional image model and the positions of the section centers (xc, yc) of the left ventricle, and determining the center zc of the left ventricle according to the height range of the left ventricle on the Z axis;
acquiring a heart muscle center and an interested area, determining a Z-axis center zc of the left ventricle according to the height range of the left ventricle, further determining the heart muscle center (xc, yc, zc), and determining the interested area of the left ventricle according to the left ventricle section graph Px and the height range of the left ventricle.
2. The method for extracting the center of the left ventricle and the region of interest according to claim 1, wherein the method for constructing the three-dimensional image model from the initial image set M comprises:
taking the left-right direction of the left ventricle displayed in the left ventricle sectional tomographic image P as the X-axis, and the X-direction starting point of the first left ventricle sectional tomographic image P1 as X1;
setting the anterior-posterior direction of the left ventricle displayed in the left ventricle sectional tomographic image P as the Y axis, and setting the Y-direction starting point of the first left ventricle sectional tomographic image P1 as Y1;
the longitudinal direction of the left ventricle is taken as the Z axis, and the starting point of the first left ventricle cross-sectional tomogram P1 in the Z direction is taken as Z1;
and determining the value of each point of the three-dimensional coordinate according to the position and the gray value of the pixel point in each left ventricle section sectional image.
3. The left ventricular center and region of interest extraction method according to claim 2, wherein the method of determining the left ventricular cross-sectional graph Px and the center of the left ventricular cross-section (xc, yc) comprises:
extracting a three-dimensional image N with a preset height from the three-dimensional image model along the Z axis, and superposing the extracted three-dimensional image N into a two-dimensional image model Pn along the Z axis;
respectively carrying out X-axis projection and Y-axis projection on the Pn, obtaining an X-axis projection result xL and a Y-axis projection result yL, respectively calculating first moments of the xL and the yL, and obtaining a center initial position of a left ventricle in the two-dimensional image model Pn according to the first moment calculation results of the xL and the yL;
and establishing a mask on the two-dimensional image model Pn by taking the initial position of the center of the left ventricle as a center, and performing ellipse fitting on the Pn by taking the preset pixel length as a radius and the initial position of the center of the left ventricle as a circle center to obtain an elliptical left ventricle sectional graph Px, wherein the center of the Px is taken as the center (xc, yc) of the section of the left ventricle.
4. The left ventricular center and region of interest extraction method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method of determining the left ventricular height range and extracting the Z-axis center zc of the left ventricle comprises:
superposing and projecting an image in a range from Y-axis coordinates Y1 to yc to an XOZ plane along a Y axis to obtain a two-dimensional image Pz;
and performing Z-axis projection on the two-dimensional image Pz, calculating the maximum value Tmax of the gray scale of each point on the projected straight line zL, calculating the range of the left ventricle on the Z axis according to the maximum value Tmax of the gray scale, and calculating the center zc of the left ventricle on the Z axis.
5. The method for extracting the center of the left ventricle and the region of interest according to claim 3, wherein the method for extracting the three-dimensional image N comprises: the three-dimensional image model is trisected from Z1 to zm along the Z-axis, taking the middle integer part.
6. The left ventricle center and region of interest extraction method of claim 4, wherein the left ventricle height range calculation method comprises: multiplying the maximum value Tmax of the gray scale by a preset parameter K to obtain a reference value T, substituting the reference value T into the projected straight line zL, taking the first point which is larger than the reference value T as a Z-axis starting point Z _ apical of the apex of the left ventricle, taking the last point which is larger than the reference value T as a Z-axis ending point Z _ basal of the fundus of the left ventricle, and further obtaining the height range of the left ventricle, wherein the value range of K is as follows: k is more than or equal to 0.45 and less than 0.65.
7. The method for extracting the center of a left ventricle and the region of interest as claimed in claim 6, wherein the calculating method of zc comprises calculating an intermediate point zc of the Z-axis starting point Z _ approximate and the Z-axis ending point Z _ basal, and if the intermediate point is not an integer point, selecting a point of integer number plus one as zc.
8. An apparatus for using the method of any one of claims 1-7, the apparatus comprising:
an acquisition unit configured to acquire an initial image set M;
the modeling unit is used for establishing a three-dimensional image model according to the initial image set M;
the processing unit is used for calculating the center of the myocardium and the region of interest according to the three-dimensional image model;
and the output unit is used for outputting the processing result of the processing unit.
9. A system comprising a SPECT apparatus employing the apparatus of claim 8.
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