CN111904380A - Mammary gland detection device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Mammary gland detection device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111904380A CN111904380A CN202010685626.6A CN202010685626A CN111904380A CN 111904380 A CN111904380 A CN 111904380A CN 202010685626 A CN202010685626 A CN 202010685626A CN 111904380 A CN111904380 A CN 111904380A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0075—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
- A61B5/0091—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for mammography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/43—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the reproductive systems
- A61B5/4306—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the reproductive systems for evaluating the female reproductive systems, e.g. gynaecological evaluations
- A61B5/4312—Breast evaluation or disorder diagnosis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6823—Trunk, e.g., chest, back, abdomen, hip
Abstract
The invention discloses a mammary gland detection device and a control method thereof, which are applied to the field of mammary gland detection equipment and comprise a cup, wherein a first integrating sphere and a second integrating sphere are arranged on the outer surface of the cup, the first integrating sphere and the second integrating sphere are respectively provided with an inner cavity, a light channel is arranged between the inner cavity of the first integrating sphere and the inner cavity of the cup, a light channel is arranged between the inner cavity of the second integrating sphere and the inner cavity of the cup, and the surfaces of the inner cavities of the cup, the first integrating sphere and the second integrating sphere are respectively provided with a reflective coating; the first light source generating device is arranged in the inner cavity of the first integrating sphere; the second light source generating device is arranged in the inner cavity of the second integrating sphere; the photoelectric detector group is arranged in the inner cavity of the cup; the driving circuit is connected with the first light source generating device and the second light source generating device; and the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the photoelectric detector group. The invention can detect painlessly, and the apparatus is simple and easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mammary gland detection device, in particular to a mammary gland detection device and a control method thereof.
Background
Breast cancer ranks first in the incidence of cancer in women, a chronic disease that, if detected and treated early, can be treated as early as possible, thereby reducing mortality.
The current clinical application technical schemes include traditional mammography (commonly known as molybdenum target radiography), ultrasound imaging, and breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
These solutions require relatively complex equipment or detection of pain.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is directed to: provides a simple mammary gland detection device and a control method thereof to realize painless mammary gland detection.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides:
a breast detection apparatus comprising:
the cup comprises a cup body, wherein a first integrating sphere and a second integrating sphere are arranged on the outer surface of the cup body, the first integrating sphere and the second integrating sphere are both provided with inner cavities, a light channel is arranged between the inner cavity of the first integrating sphere and the inner cavity of the cup body, a light channel is arranged between the inner cavity of the second integrating sphere and the inner cavity of the cup body, and reflective coatings are arranged on the surfaces of the inner cavities of the cup body, the first integrating sphere and the second integrating sphere;
the first light source generating device is arranged in the inner cavity of the first integrating sphere;
the second light source generating device is arranged in the inner cavity of the second integrating sphere;
the photoelectric detector group is arranged in the inner cavity of the cup;
a driving circuit connected to the first light source generating device and the second light source generating device;
the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the photoelectric detector group;
and the controller is used for controlling the driving circuit and predicting through a neural network according to the signal output by the signal conditioning circuit and outputting a prediction result.
Further, the photoelectric detector group comprises a plurality of photoelectric detectors, the photoelectric detectors are all installed on the inner cavity surface of the cup, and the photoelectric detectors are distributed on the same plane.
Further, the signal conditioning circuit includes an analog-to-digital conversion chip having the same number of analog-to-digital conversion channels as the number of the photodetectors.
Further, the signal conditioning circuit comprises a first gating switch and analog-to-digital conversion chips, the number of the analog-to-digital conversion channels of which is less than that of the photodetectors, and the photodetectors are connected with the analog-to-digital conversion channels of the analog-to-digital conversion chips through the first gating switch.
Further, the driving circuit includes a constant current source and a second gate switch;
the first light source generating device and the second light source generating device respectively comprise the same number of light source generators, the wavelengths of light generated by the light source generators in the first light source generating device are different, and the wavelengths of light generated by the light source generators in the second light source generating device are different;
the constant current source is respectively connected with each light source generator in the first light source generating device and each light source generator in the second light source generating device through a gating switch.
Further, the controlling the driving circuit specifically includes accessing the plurality of light source generators to the constant current source according to a preset sequence by controlling a connection state of the second gating switch.
Furthermore, the wavelength of the light generated by each light source generator in the first light source generating device is between 500nm and 1100 nm.
Further, each light source generator in the first light source generating device and each light source generator in the second light source generating device are lasers.
Furthermore, an included angle formed by a connecting line of the geometric center of the first integrating sphere and the center of the opening plane of the cup and a connecting line of the geometric center of the second integrating sphere and the center of the opening plane of the cup is an obtuse angle.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides:
the control method of the breast detection device comprises the following steps:
connecting a plurality of light source generators to the constant current source according to a preset sequence by controlling the connection state of the second gating switch;
synchronously receiving the signals output by the signal conditioning circuit;
extracting a characteristic signal from an output signal of the signal conditioning circuit;
and predicting the characteristic signal through a neural network model to obtain a prediction result.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the cup is provided with the first integrating sphere and the second integrating sphere, the light source generating device is arranged in the first integrating sphere and the second integrating sphere to generate light sources, the light sources are reflected in the first integrating sphere and the second integrating sphere and then uniformly enter the cup, the signal conditioning circuit outputs spectral data of scattered light around the breast after the light sources are received by the photoelectric detector, and therefore the breast lesion can be analyzed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a breast detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a breast detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a breast detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a control method of a breast detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment discloses a breast detection device, which includes a cup 210 worn on a breast of a patient 100, a first light source generation device, a second light source generation device, a photoelectric detector group, a driving circuit, and a signal conditioning circuit.
A first integrating sphere 220a and a second integrating sphere 220b are arranged on the outer surface of the cup 210, the first integrating sphere 220a and the second integrating sphere 220b are both provided with inner cavities, a light channel is arranged between the inner cavity of the first integrating sphere 220a and the inner cavity of the cup 210, a light channel is arranged between the inner cavity of the second integrating sphere 220b and the inner cavity of the cup 210, and reflective coatings are arranged on the surface of the inner cavity of the cup 210, the surface of the inner cavity of the first integrating sphere 220a and the surface of the inner cavity of the second integrating sphere 220 b;
a first light source generating device installed in the inner cavity of the first integrating sphere 220 a;
the second light source generating device is arranged in the inner cavity of the second integrating sphere 220 b;
a set of photodetectors mounted in the inner cavity of the cup 210;
a driving circuit connected to the first light source generating device and the second light source generating device;
and the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the photoelectric detector group.
And the computer is used for controlling the driving circuit, predicting through a neural network according to the signal output by the signal conditioning circuit and outputting a prediction result.
In this embodiment, the integrating sphere is a hollow sphere whose inner wall is coated with a white diffuse reflection material, which is also called a photometric sphere, a light flux sphere, or the like. One or more window holes are formed on the wall of the ball and are used as a light inlet hole and a receiving hole for placing a light receiving device. The inner wall of the integrating sphere should be a good sphere, and typically the deviation from the ideal sphere should be no more than 0.2% of the inner diameter. The inner wall of the ball is coated with a desired diffuse reflective material, i.e., a material having a diffuse reflection coefficient close to 1. The common material is magnesium oxide or barium sulfate, which is mixed with colloid adhesive and sprayed onto the inner wall. The spectral reflectance of the magnesium oxide coating in the visible spectral range is over 99 percent, so that light entering the integrating sphere is reflected for multiple times by the inner wall coating to form uniform illumination on the inner wall. To obtain a high measurement accuracy, the aperture ratio of the integrating sphere should be as small as possible. The aperture ratio is defined as the ratio of the spherical area at the aperture of the integrating sphere to the area of the entire sphere's inner wall. The integrating sphere is arranged, so that the light source generated by the light source generator can uniformly enter the cup.
The light source generating device comprises one or more light source generators, which can be lasers, light emitting diodes, photomultiplier tubes, and the like. In the embodiment, the wavelength of the light generated by the light source generating device is between 500nm and 1100 nm. In this embodiment, it can be implemented by using a plurality of lasers with different emission wavelengths, or by using a broad spectrum light source generator. Generally, light of several specific wavelengths can be selected as the target light source in the range of 500 to 1100 nm. Whether the mammary gland of the patient is diseased or not is judged by detecting the characteristic signals of the light irradiating the diseased mammary gland. The light source generating devices are fixed in the integrating spheres, and in the two integrating spheres, the mounting structures of the two groups of light source generating devices are the same or symmetrical, and the selected devices are also the same. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and 3, 13 lasers 201 are provided in each of the first integrating sphere 220a and the second integrating sphere 220b, and the deep mammary tissue lesion can be detected by using the penetration of the laser in the wavelength range.
Furthermore, when selecting the wavelengths of light, four principal elements that can capture 99.66% of the variation amplitude of the spectrum are derived from clinical analysis of the mammary gland spectrum, and the selected 13 wavelengths cover the range of the four principal elements. In addition, the wavelength range of commercially available semiconductor laser products with sufficient optical output power, which are not too expensive, is also considered.
And the photoelectric detector group comprises a plurality of photoelectric detectors and is used for detecting optical signals and outputting corresponding voltage signals. In this embodiment, a plurality of photo detectors are provided to receive light signals from different angles, and the photo detectors may be distributed at set intervals on the inner wall of the cup. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and 3, the photo detector set comprises a plurality of photo detectors 230, the plurality of photo detectors 230 are all mounted on the inner cavity surface of the cup 210, and the plurality of photo detectors 230 are distributed on the same plane.
For the light source generating device, it is equipped with a driving circuit for supplying a driving current and a driving voltage to the light source generating device.
For the photo-detector group, it is equipped with a signal conditioning circuit for detecting the voltage signal outputted by it to convert it into a standard output signal. The processing of the signal conditioning circuitry may include all or part of signal source selection, filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion. Thus, the signal conditioning circuitry may include gating switches for selecting the photodetectors, filtering and amplifiers, and analog-to-digital conversion circuitry.
The signal output by the signal conditioning circuit can be received by the upper computer and further processed. For these signals, the upper computer can use it to generate a spectrogram for display, or analyze it based on artificial intelligence, etc., so that the doctor can judge whether the breast of the patient is diseased according to the data.
In addition, the optical channel in this embodiment may refer to a through hole, or may refer to a component made of a light-transmitting material. The presence of a light channel between two components means that light in one component can be made to pass into the other component by means of the light channel.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows: the difference in absorption, scattering and emission of light by the breast tissue is used to detect the lesion signal. The basis is that after light undergoes a series of absorption and scattering in tissue cells, biochemical information related to the absorption and scattering is carried in emergent light. Under the influence of internal or external carcinogenic factors, the proliferation activity of mammary tissue is abnormal, and the normal restriction mechanism is broken through to start abnormal and rapid proliferation, so that tumors are formed. If tumor cells not only proliferate rapidly but also undergo invasive metastasis, they become cancerous. When the mammary tissue cancerates, new blood vessels are generated due to the stimulation of the cancerous tissue, so that more nutrition is provided for the cancerous tissue, and the tumor body is promoted to grow further. Cancer cells have reduced intercellular adhesion and tend to invade surrounding healthy tissues or metastasize to other parts of the body through lymph or blood circulation. These changes also change the path of photons of different wavelengths propagating therein, and the optical properties of the tissue, such as absorption, scattering, etc., change accordingly.
From the above analysis, the scheme has the advantages of simple structure, portability and realization of painless detection.
And the computer can preset a neural network model which is trained by a large amount of data, and the neural network model can be a neural network model such as CNN or LSTM. In some embodiments, the historical data is labeled, so that the neural network model can predict the signal output by the signal conditioning circuit after training. Meanwhile, the computer can be provided with a human-computer interaction interface to provide functions of data reading, data displaying, data analyzing, result outputting and the like. In some embodiments, the computer may process the signal output by the signal conditioning circuit into a spectrogram. The doctor can also analyze the pathological condition roughly according to experience analysis through the spectrogram.
In some embodiments, the signal conditioning circuit includes an analog-to-digital conversion chip having the same number of analog-to-digital conversion channels as the photodetectors. In this embodiment, the analog-to-digital conversion chip is provided with one analog-to-digital conversion channel for each photodetector, so that signal processing can be performed simultaneously for all the photodetectors.
In some embodiments, the signal conditioning circuit includes a first gate switch and an analog-to-digital conversion chip having a number of analog-to-digital conversion channels less than the number of photodetectors, and a plurality of the photodetectors are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion channels of the analog-to-digital conversion chip through the first gate switch. In this embodiment, in order to reduce the cost of the analog-to-digital chip, channels of the analog-to-digital conversion chip are reduced, and therefore the gate switch is configured so that a plurality of photodetectors can multiplex one channel. For example, there are 6 photodetectors, the analog-to-digital conversion chip has only two channels, and a 6-to-2 switch can be used to multiplex the two channels. Similarly, when the analog-to-digital conversion chip has three channels, a 6-to-3 switch can be used to multiplex the three channels.
In some embodiments, the driving circuit includes a constant current source and a second gate switch;
the first light source generating device and the second light source generating device respectively comprise the same number of light source generators, the wavelengths of light generated by the light source generators in the first light source generating device are different, and the wavelengths of light generated by the light source generators in the second light source generating device are different;
the constant current source is respectively connected with each light source generator in the first light source generating device and each light source generator in the second light source generating device through a gating switch. The laser is usually driven by a constant current source, and the laser can work more stably by configuring the constant current source, and in this embodiment, the power of the laser is about 100 mW.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first light source generating device and the second light source generating device are each equipped with thirteen lasers, each of which generates light of one wavelength, wherein the wavelengths of the light generated by the thirteen lasers are uniformly selected from among 500 to 1100 nm. Illuminating the patient's breast with light of different wavelengths produces different spectral characteristics. The light with various wavelengths is used as a light source, so that the pathological change characteristics can be effectively highlighted.
In some embodiments, an angle formed by a line connecting a geometric center of the first integrating sphere and a center of an opening plane of the cup and a line connecting a geometric center of the second integrating sphere and a center of an opening plane of the cup is an obtuse angle.
Since breast lesions are mostly on both sides of the breast, the two integrating spheres may be disposed to be biased toward both sides of the cup. When the two integrating spheres are arranged to be deviated to the two sides of the cup, the included angle can form an obtuse angle, so that mammary tissues on the two sides of the breast can be detected more easily, and the pathological change condition can be detected more easily.
Referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment discloses a control method of a breast detection apparatus, including the following steps:
and step 410, connecting a plurality of light source generators to the constant current sources according to a preset sequence by controlling the connection state of the second gating switch.
In this embodiment, the constant current source in the breast detection device is connected to the laser through the second gate switch. In the two groups of lasers, the lasers emitting light with the same wavelength are connected to the constant current source by the second gating switch at the same time. In the step, different lasers are controlled to work according to a certain sequence, and light with one wavelength is generated each time. It is to be understood that producing light of one wavelength means producing light of a certain wavelength primarily, and possibly light of other wavelengths incidentally.
And step 420, synchronously receiving the signal output by the signal conditioning circuit.
Because the light rays are generated in sequence, the signals are synchronously received according to the irradiation duration, reflected light and diffused light corresponding to light with different wavelengths can be sequentially received, and spectral characteristics can be obtained from the reflected light and the diffused light based on the conditioning of the signal conditioning circuit.
In this step, the signal is analyzed to obtain the characteristic signals with the intensity greater than the preset value, and these characteristic signals may be abnormal signals different from normal signals. For example, in the case of a 500nm light source, the normal signal is 600nm, and in addition to this signal, signals exceeding a certain threshold may be listed as abnormal characteristic signals.
And step 440, predicting the characteristic signals through a neural network model to obtain a prediction result.
In this step, the characteristic signal corresponding to each group of wavelengths can be used as an input value and input into the neural network model for prediction. According to different neural network model designs, the probability of whether the lesion is formed can be predicted, and the model can be trained to predict the severity of the lesion.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the light impinging on the breast tissue is not harmful to the human body; as a non-invasive method, the pain of a tester can not be caused in the measuring process; multiple, repeated spectral measurements of breast tissue of a subject can be made; the manufacturing cost of the whole system is much lower than that of the technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging and the like; the portable system can be popularized to families and is not limited to hospitals.
The step numbers in the above method embodiments are set for convenience of illustration only, the order between the steps is not limited at all, and the execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adapted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A breast detection device, comprising:
the cup comprises a cup body, wherein a first integrating sphere and a second integrating sphere are arranged on the outer surface of the cup body, the first integrating sphere and the second integrating sphere are both provided with inner cavities, a light channel is arranged between the inner cavity of the first integrating sphere and the inner cavity of the cup body, a light channel is arranged between the inner cavity of the second integrating sphere and the inner cavity of the cup body, and reflective coatings are arranged on the surfaces of the inner cavities of the cup body, the first integrating sphere and the second integrating sphere;
the first light source generating device is arranged in the inner cavity of the first integrating sphere;
the second light source generating device is arranged in the inner cavity of the second integrating sphere;
the photoelectric detector group is arranged in the inner cavity of the cup;
a driving circuit connected to the first light source generating device and the second light source generating device;
the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the photoelectric detector group;
and the computer is used for controlling the driving circuit, predicting through a neural network according to the signal output by the signal conditioning circuit and outputting a prediction result.
2. The breast detection device of claim 1, wherein the set of photodetectors comprises a plurality of photodetectors, each of the photodetectors is mounted on the inner cavity surface of the cup, and the photodetectors are distributed on the same plane.
3. The breast detection device of claim 2, wherein the signal conditioning circuit comprises analog-to-digital conversion chips having the same number of analog-to-digital conversion channels as the number of the photodetectors.
4. The breast detection device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the signal conditioning circuit comprises a first gate switch and analog-to-digital conversion chips with a number of analog-to-digital conversion channels less than the number of the photodetectors, and a plurality of the photodetectors are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion channels of the analog-to-digital conversion chips through the first gate switch.
5. The breast detection device of claim 1 wherein the drive circuit comprises a constant current source and a second gate switch;
the first light source generating device and the second light source generating device respectively comprise the same number of light source generators, the wavelengths of light generated by the light source generators in the first light source generating device are different, and the wavelengths of light generated by the light source generators in the second light source generating device are different;
the constant current source is respectively connected with each light source generator in the first light source generating device and each light source generator in the second light source generating device through a gating switch.
6. The breast detection device according to claim 5, wherein the driving circuit is controlled to connect a plurality of light source generators to the constant current source according to a predetermined sequence by controlling the connection state of the second gate switch.
7. The breast detection device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the wavelength of the light generated by each light source generator in the first light source generation device is between 500nm and 1100 nm.
8. The breast detection apparatus of claim 5 wherein each light source generator of the first light source generating device and each light source generator of the second light source generating device is a laser.
9. The breast detecting device of claim 1, wherein an angle formed by a line connecting the geometric center of the first integrating sphere and the center of the opening plane of the cup and a line connecting the geometric center of the second integrating sphere and the center of the opening plane of the cup is an obtuse angle.
10. A control method of the breast detecting apparatus as set forth in claim 5, comprising the steps of:
connecting a plurality of light source generators to the constant current source according to a preset sequence by controlling the connection state of the second gating switch;
synchronously receiving the signals output by the signal conditioning circuit;
extracting a characteristic signal from an output signal of the signal conditioning circuit;
and predicting the characteristic signal through a neural network model to obtain a prediction result.
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| CN202010685626.6A CN111904380B (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Mammary gland detection device and control method thereof |
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| CN202010685626.6A CN111904380B (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Mammary gland detection device and control method thereof |
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| CN111904380B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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