CN111903282A

CN111903282A - Farmland ditch reclamation method beneficial to crop planting

Info

Publication number: CN111903282A
Application number: CN202010747945.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Anhui Xudaokang Construction Engineering Consulting Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Xudaokang Construction Engineering Consulting Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-30
Filing date: 2020-07-30
Publication date: 2020-11-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a farmland ditch reclamation method beneficial to crop planting, which comprises the following steps: adjusting the vehicle width of the travelling vehicle body according to the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed; adjusting the distance between the two groups of opening plate sets according to the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed until the maximum distance between the two groups of opening plates is consistent with the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed; after a pit hole is dug on the ground by a worker, the advancing vehicle body runs and enables the wheels to be positioned on one side of the ditch to be reclaimed in pairs, and the ditch reclaiming device is positioned right above the pit hole; the lifting driving mechanism operates and drives the transportation mechanism and the ditch reclamation device to descend until the bottom of the fixed shell is contacted with the bottom of the pit hole; the advancing vehicle body starts to advance and pulls the ditcher to integrally and synchronously advance, the reclamation driving component operates at the same time and finally drives the reclamation plough to do reciprocating motion along the guide direction of the guide post, and the advancing motion and the reciprocating motion of the reclamation plough are mutually matched and achieve the purpose of ditch reclamation.

Description

Farmland ditch reclamation method beneficial to crop planting

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to the field of ditch reclamation.

Background

At present, the whole process mechanization of agricultural production is developed all over the country, at present, the publicly known farmland is driven to form rows mainly by agricultural machinery or cattle plows, then the soil in the rows is shoveled to two sides by a manual shovel, the driving method has the advantages that more shovels and less shovels in the rows can be determined manually, the defects that after the rows are ploughed, the manual trimming is needed, time and labor are wasted, the labor intensity of farmers is higher, in order to solve the problems, people invent a plurality of furrow openers, but the ditching part of the existing furrow opener has the problems of shallow ditching, unadjustable ditching, narrow ditching, irregular ditching and the like, and if the ditching is shallow and narrow, the soft soil is less, and the crop growth is not facilitated; the ditching is irregular and easy to make the crops under planting untidy, be unfavorable for later stage management and results, for this reason, the invention is necessary to propose a ditch cultivation equipment, it can be according to waiting to cultivate the actual width of ditch and adjust the car width of advancing the automobile body, according to waiting to cultivate the actual width of ditch and adjusting the opening of installing the casing group and the cultivation plough reciprocating motion range of the component of cultivating and do corresponding change along with it automatically, according to waiting to cultivate the actual height of ditch and changing the height of transport mechanism and ditch cultivation device, to sum up, this ditching machine not only can carry out the ditch cultivation automatically on ground, and is laborsaving, cultivates efficiently, can also cultivate out the ditch of different width heights, and application scope is more extensive.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a ditch cultivation method, which can adjust the vehicle width of a travelling vehicle body according to the actual width of a ditch to be cultivated, adjust the opening of an installation shell group according to the actual width of the ditch to be cultivated, automatically and correspondingly change the reciprocating motion amplitude of a cultivation plow of a cultivation component, and change the heights of a transportation mechanism and a ditch cultivation device according to the actual height of the ditch to be cultivated.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.

A farmland ditch reclamation method beneficial to crop planting comprises the following steps:

a preparation stage;

s1: adjusting the vehicle width of the travelling vehicle body according to the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed;

adjusting the distance between two groups of vehicle plates of the vehicle plate component through the vehicle plate width adjusting component according to the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed, so that the distance between the two groups of vehicle plates is larger than the width of the ditch to be reclaimed;

s2: adjusting the trench reclamation device according to the actual width of the trench to be reclaimed;

driving the distance between the two groups of opening plate groups to change according to the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed and through the matching between the opening adjusting mechanism and the linkage part until the maximum distance between the two groups of opening plates is consistent with the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed;

s3: the working personnel dig a pot hole on the ground, the advancing vehicle body runs, the wheels are arranged on one side of the ditch to be reclaimed in pairs, and the ditch reclaiming device is arranged right above the pot hole;

(II) a reclamation stage;

s4: the conveying mechanism of the soil conveying device makes descending movement;

the lifting driving mechanism operates and drives the whole transportation mechanism to do descending motion, the transportation mechanism descends and pulls the whole ditch reclamation device to descend synchronously until the bottom of the fixed shell of the mounting shell group is contacted with the bottom of the pit;

s5: the reclamation mechanism operates while the advancing vehicle body advances;

the automobile body that advances begins to advance and pulls this ditching machine whole synchronous advancing, and the drive component of reclaiming also begins to operate simultaneously, and the drive component of reclaiming operates and orders about the pendulum rod of the component of reclaiming and does reciprocating motion around the articulated shaft axial between pendulum rod and the bearing support, and the pendulum rod swing orders about the plough through the cooperation of guide block and guide way and does reciprocating motion along the direction of guide post, and the advancing motion of plough and reciprocating motion are mutually supported and reach the purpose of irrigation canals and ditches reclamation.

Compared with the prior art, the ditching machine has the advantages that ditch reclamation can be carried out on the ground, the distance between the two groups of the sweep plates of the sweep plate component can be adjusted according to the actual width of a ditch to be reclaimed and through the sweep plate width adjusting component before reclamation, the opening of the installation shell group can be adjusted through the opening adjusting mechanism according to the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed, the opening of the installation shell group is changed, meanwhile, the reclamation plow reciprocating motion amplitude of the reclamation component automatically changes correspondingly, the transportation mechanism and the ditch reclamation device can be driven to do descending motion according to the actual height of the ditch to be reclaimed and through the lifting driving mechanism, and in sum, the ditching machine can automatically carry out ditch reclamation on the ground, is labor-saving and high in reclamation efficiency, can also reclaim ditches with different widths and heights, and has a wider application range;

in addition, the damping member arranged on the advancing vehicle body can play a role of buffering in the advancing process of the ditcher, so that the ditcher can adapt to different terrains and does not influence the reclamation process of ditches;

besides, the vibration component arranged on the installation shell group can vibrate and crush the soil generated in the reclamation process, so that the auger of the transportation mechanism transports and discharges the soil to the outside of the ditch.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the traveling vehicle body and the power source according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the traveling vehicle body of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an overall structural view of the traveling vehicle body of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the vehicle base of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the vehicle frame of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle panel member of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the engagement of the vehicle floor width adjusting member with two vehicle floor sets.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle body panel width adjusting member of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the engagement between the connecting member, the shock absorbing member and the vehicle body panel according to the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a shock-absorbing member of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the combination of the carriage base, the soil transporter and the trench reclamation apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the combination of the truck bed, the soil transporter and the trench reclamation apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of the transport mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the lift driving mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing the combination of the transportation motor and the trench reclamation apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of the mounting case assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the combination of the fixed housing, the second opening plate and the linking member of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a top view of the mounting housing set of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a top view of the mounting housing set of the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the lower horizontal plate of the stationary housing of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of the base plate of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the combination of the transportation motor, the opening adjusting mechanism and the reclamation mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 25 is a schematic view of the cooperation between the transport motor and the reclamation mechanism of the present invention.

Figure 26 is a schematic structural view of a reclamation member of the present invention.

Fig. 27 is a schematic view of the cooperation between the reclamation drive member and the swing link of the present invention.

Fig. 28 is a schematic view of the cooperation between the reclamation drive member and the swing link of the present invention.

Fig. 29 is a schematic view of the fit between the transport motor and the drive shaft of the present invention.

Fig. 30 is a schematic structural view of the shedding adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 31 is a schematic structural view of the shedding adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

Detailed Description

a preparation stage;

s1: adjusting the vehicle width of the traveling vehicle body 100 according to the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed;

adjusting the distance between the two groups of the wagon plates 1121 of the wagon plate member 1120 through the wagon plate width adjusting member 1130 according to the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed, so that the distance between the two groups of the wagon plates 1121 is greater than the width of the ditch to be reclaimed;

s2: adjusting the trench reclamation apparatus 300 according to the actual width of the trench to be reclaimed;

driving the distance between the two groups of opening plate groups to change according to the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed and through the matching between the opening adjusting mechanism 320 and the linkage part until the maximum distance between the two groups of opening plates, namely one 313, is consistent with the actual width of the ditch to be reclaimed;

s3: the worker digs a pot hole on the ground, and the traveling vehicle body 100 is operated such that the wheels 120 are positioned at one side of the ditch to be reclaimed two by two, and the ditch reclamation apparatus 300 is positioned right above the pot hole;

(II) a reclamation stage;

s4: the transport mechanism 310 of the soil transport device 300 makes a descending motion;

the lifting driving mechanism 220 operates and drives the transportation mechanism 210 to wholly make descending motion, the transportation mechanism 210 descends and pulls the whole ditch reclamation device 300 to wholly descend synchronously until the bottom of the fixed shell 311 of the mounting shell group 310 contacts with the bottom of the pot hole;

s5: the reclamation mechanism 330 operates while the traveling vehicle body 100 is advancing;

the advancing vehicle body 100 starts to advance and pulls the ditcher to integrally and synchronously advance, the reclamation driving member 3320 also starts to operate, the reclamation driving member 3320 operates and drives the swing rod 316 of the reclamation member 330 to do reciprocating swing around the axial direction of the hinge shaft between the swing rod 316 and the bearing support 3311, the swing rod 3316 swings and drives the reclamation plow 3313 to do reciprocating motion along the guiding direction of the guide post 3312 through the matching of the guide slide block 3315 and the guide groove 3314, and the advancing motion and the reciprocating motion of the reclamation plow 3313 are mutually matched and achieve the purpose of ditch reclamation.

The utility model provides a small-size ditching machine with adjustable be applied to ditch width of agricultural, it is including advancing automobile body 100, it installs earth conveyer 200 and irrigation canals and ditches exploitation device 300 and power supply 400 on advancing automobile body 100, it is used for pulling this ditching machine to advance along the length extending direction who treats the reclamation irrigation canals and ditches to advance automobile body 100 to advance, irrigation canals and ditches exploitation device 300 is used for following and advances the in-process and carry out irrigation canals and ditches reclamation to ground, earth conveyer 200 is used for in irrigation canals and ditches exploitation device 300 reclamation in-process with the earth transportation of reclamation production discharge to the irrigation canals and ditches outside, power supply 400 is used for advancing automobile body 100, earth conveyer 200, irrigation canals and ditches exploitation device 300 operation provides.

The traveling vehicle body 100 comprises a vehicle frame 110, wheels 120, a connecting member 130 and a shock absorption member 140, wherein the wheels 120 are provided with four groups, the connecting member 130 is used for connecting the four groups of wheels 120 with the vehicle frame 110, and the shock absorption member 140 is used for playing a shock absorption and buffering role in the advancing process of the traveling vehicle body 100.

The frame 110 includes a vehicle base 1110, a vehicle plate member 1120, and a vehicle plate width adjusting member 1130, the vehicle base 1110 is a horizontally arranged plate structure, a support bracket is disposed at the bottom of the vehicle base 1110, and the power source 400 is mounted on the upper end surface of the vehicle base 1110.

The vehicle plate member 1120 is installed on the support bracket, the vehicle plate member 1120 comprises a vehicle plate 1121 and a guiding connection assembly, the vehicle plate 1121 is a rectangular plate structure with the large surface perpendicular to the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat 1110, and the vehicle plate 1121 is provided with two groups and is respectively positioned on one side of the vehicle bottom seat 1110 along the length direction of the vehicle bottom seat 1110.

The direction coupling assembling be used for the connection between two sets of sweep 1121 and the direction coupling assembling is provided with two sets ofly along the length direction of vehicle bottom seat 1110, it is specific, the direction coupling assembling includes direction sliding sleeve 1122, direction slide bar 1123, the axial of direction sliding sleeve 1122 is on a parallel with the width direction of vehicle bottom seat 1110 and is coaxial arrangement between direction slide bar 1123 and the direction sliding sleeve 1122, direction sliding sleeve 1122 and direction slide bar 1123 all movable mounting on the support bracket and can take place the displacement along self axial, and the one end of direction slide bar 1123 is located direction sliding sleeve 1122 and constitutes the sliding guide cooperation, the other end of direction sliding sleeve 1122 is fixed with corresponding sweep 1121, the other end of direction slide bar 1123 is fixed with corresponding sweep 1121.

The wide adjustment member 1130 of sweep be used for adjusting the distance size between two sets of sweeps 1121, the wide adjustment member 1130 of sweep includes adjustment motor 1131, pivot 1132, transmission shaft 1133, translation subassembly, adjustment motor 1131's output shaft axial is on a parallel with the length direction of vehicle base 1110 and adjustment motor 1131 fixed mounting in vehicle base 1110 bottom, the bottom of vehicle base 1110 still is provided with fastening bracket and pivot 1132 movable mounting on fastening bracket and can rotate around self axial, coaxial fixed connection between pivot 1132 still and the power take off of adjustment motor 1131, the vertical movable mounting of transmission shaft 1133 can rotate around self axial on fastening bracket.

A power connecting assembly 1134 for power connecting and transmitting between the rotating shaft 1132 and the transmission shaft 1133 is arranged between the rotating shaft 1132 and the transmission shaft 1133, and specifically, the power connecting assembly 1134 is a speed reduction bevel gear power transmitting structure.

The translation subassembly include initiative spur gear 1135, driven spur rack 1136, the coaxial fixed mounting of initiative spur gear 1135 is outside in transmission shaft 1133, driven spur rack 1136's extending direction is on a parallel with the width direction of vehicle bottom seat 1110 and driven spur rack 1136's tip is provided with fixing base 1137, driven spur rack 1136 movable mounting is on the fastening support and can take place the displacement along self extending direction, and intermeshing between driven spur rack 1136 and the initiative spur gear 1135, driven spur rack 1136 is provided with two sets ofly and is located the one side of initiative spur gear 1135 along vehicle bottom seat 1110 width direction respectively, and set up fixing base 1137 at driven spur rack 1136 tip respectively with correspond between the sweep 1121 fixed connection.

The width adjustment process of the frame 110 is specifically represented as follows: the adjustment motor 1131 runs and pulls the driving spur gear 135 to rotate through the rotating shaft 1132, the power connection assembly 1134 and the transmission shaft 1133, the driving spur gear 1135 rotates and pulls the two sets of driven spur racks 1136 to move away from or close to each other, wherein when the two sets of driven spur racks 1136 move close to each other, the distance between the two sets of vehicle plates 1121 is shortened, the vehicle width of the vehicle frame 110 is reduced, and when the two sets of driven spur racks 1136 move away from each other, the distance between the two sets of vehicle plates 1121 is increased, and the vehicle width of the vehicle frame 110 is increased.

The connecting member 130 includes a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly includes a connecting seat 131, a first connecting rod 132 and a second connecting rod 133, the connecting seat 131 is located below the vehicle plate 1121, the extending directions of the first connecting rod 132 and the second connecting rod 133 are parallel to the large surface of the vehicle plate 1121, the first connecting rod 132 and the second connecting rod 133 are parallel to each other, and the first connecting rod 132 is located above the second connecting rod 133.

One end of the first connecting rod 132 is hinged to the vehicle plate 1121, the other end of the first connecting rod 132 is hinged to the connecting seat 131, an axial direction of a hinge shaft formed at a hinge position between the first connecting rod 132 and the vehicle plate 1121 is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat 1110, and an axial direction of a hinge shaft formed at a hinge position between the first connecting rod 132 and the connecting seat 131 is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat 1110.

One end of the second connecting rod 133 is hinged to the vehicle plate 1121, the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the connecting seat 131, an axial direction of a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position of the second connecting rod 133 and the vehicle plate 1121 is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat 1110, and an axial direction of a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position of the second connecting rod 133 and the connecting seat 131 is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat 1110.

The area formed by the first connecting rod 132, the second connecting rod 133, the connecting seat 131 and the vehicle plate 1121 is a parallelogram structure.

The connecting components are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned on one side of the car plate 1121 along the width direction of the car base 1110, and the connecting components 130 are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned on one side of the car base 1110 along the length direction of the connecting components and are connected with the corresponding car plate 1121.

The wheel 120 is a wheel structure driven by a hub motor, the axial direction of the wheel 120 is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle base 1110, and the four groups of wheels 120 are correspondingly arranged on the four groups of connecting seats 131 one by one; besides, the structure of the wheel 120 is the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein, except that the wheel 120 is operated by the hub motor to drive the whole body of the vehicle body 100 to move forward.

The shock absorbing member 140 includes shock absorbing members, which are installed between two connecting members of the connecting member 130 and are correspondingly provided with two sets.

Damping component including connecting bobbin case 141, shock-absorbing component, connecting bobbin case 141 is axial parallel to chassis 1110 length direction and both ends open-ended cylindrical shell structure, the both ends open end of connecting bobbin case 141 all matches and installs the installation end cover, connecting bobbin case 141 sets up in the region between two sets of coupling assembling.

The shock absorption component comprises a shock absorption piston 142, a shock absorption rod 143 and a shock absorption spring 145, the shock absorption piston 142 is movably arranged in the connecting cylinder shell 141 and forms sliding guide fit, the shock absorption rod 143 and the connecting cylinder shell 141 are coaxially arranged, one end of the shock absorption rod 143 is fixed with the shock absorption piston 142, the other end of the shock absorption rod 143 penetrates through the mounting end cover and is located outside the connecting cylinder shell 141, a movable seat 144 is arranged at the end of the shock absorption rod, the movable seat 144 is hinged to the connecting rod II 133 corresponding to the connecting component, and an articulated shaft formed at the hinged position between the movable seat 144 and the connecting rod II 133 corresponding to the connecting component is axially parallel to the width direction of the vehicle.

The damping spring 145 is sleeved outside the damping rod 143, one end of the damping spring 145 is connected to the damping piston 142, and the other end of the damping spring 145 is connected to the corresponding mounting end cap, the compression elastic force of the damping spring 145 drives the damping piston 142 to move away from the corresponding mounting end cap, and the extension elastic force of the damping spring 145 drives the damping piston 142 to move close to the corresponding mounting end cap.

The damping components are provided with two groups, one group of damping components is positioned between the connecting cylinder shell 141 and one group of connecting components, and the other group of damping components is positioned between the connecting cylinder shell 141 and the other group of connecting components.

The damping process of the damping member 140 is embodied as follows: in the process that the wheel hub motor of the wheel 120 operates and the traveling vehicle body 100 integrally moves forward, when the vehicle encounters uneven ground, the wheel 120 vertically bumps and fluctuates, the wheel 120 fluctuates and drives the damping rod 143 of the damping component to displace along the self axial direction through the connecting component, and finally the damping spring 145 is in a compression or tension state, and in the process, the elastic force of the damping spring 145 plays a damping role.

Soil conveyer 200 include transport mechanism 210, lift actuating mechanism 220, transport mechanism 210 is vertical arrangement and irrigation canals and ditches are reclaimed the device 300 and install in transport mechanism 210's bottom, transport mechanism 210 is used for discharging the soil transportation of reclaiming production to the irrigation canals and ditches outside at irrigation canals and ditches are reclaimed the device 300 reclamation in-process, lift actuating mechanism 220 is used for ordering transport mechanism 210 to be elevating movement and transport mechanism 210 goes up and down and pull irrigation canals and ditches to reclaim device 300 synchronous lifting along the direction on perpendicular to ground.

Vehicle bottom seat 1110 set up the mounting hole that runs through its thickness and the coaxial mounting sleeve 1111 that is provided with in the mounting hole along self length direction's rear of a vehicle department, transport mechanism 210 including transport shell 211, auger 212, transportation motor 213, row's material pipeline 214, transport shell 211 for vertical arrangement and upper and lower both ends open-ended circular shell structure and transport shell 211 coaxial movable sleeve locate the mounting sleeve 1111 in, transport shell 211 can follow self axial and take place the displacement.

Transport barrel casing 211's upper end matching install fixed end cover and the up end of fixed end cover is provided with linking bridge, auger 212 and transport barrel casing 211 between be coaxial and arrange, auger 212's top is passed fixed end cover and is located transport barrel casing 211 top, the bottom passes transport barrel casing 211 under shed end and is located transport barrel casing 211 below, auger 212 can rotate around self axial, the vertical fixed mounting of transportation motor 213 on linking bridge to carry out coaxial fixed connection through the shaft coupling between the power take off end of transportation motor 213 and the top of auger 212.

The outer disc of transportation shell 211 still be provided with the connection mouth with self inner chamber switch-on, connect the mouth and be the slope and arrange and connect the distance between mouth and the transportation shell 211 and decrease progressively along perpendicular to ground and by lower supreme direction, row material pipeline 214 and connect coaxial fixed connection switch-on between the mouth free end.

The soil transportation process of the transportation mechanism 210 is specifically as follows: in the advancing process of the advancing vehicle body 100, the ditch reclamation device 300 is used for reclaiming a ditch on the ground, the soil generated in the ditch can be guided to gather to the position near the bottom end of the packing auger 212, meanwhile, the transportation motor 213 operates and pulls the packing auger 212 to rotate around the axial direction of the packing auger 212, the packing auger 212 rotates and pulls the soil to be conveyed upwards, and finally, the soil is discharged to the outside of the ditch through the connecting nozzle and the discharge pipeline 214.

The vehicle bottom seat 1110 is further provided with a support body at the tail of the vehicle, the lifting driving mechanism 220 comprises a lifting motor 221, an intermediate shaft 222 and a lifting driving piece, the lifting motor 221 is vertically and fixedly mounted on the support body, the intermediate shaft 222 is horizontally and movably mounted on the support body and can rotate around the self axial direction, a power connecting component 223 used for power connection and transmission between the lifting motor 221 and the intermediate shaft 222 is arranged between the lifting motor 221 and the intermediate shaft 222, and specifically, the power connecting component 223 is a worm and gear power transmission structure.

The lifting driving member comprises an input spur gear 224 and an output spur rack 225, the input spur gear 224 is coaxially and fixedly arranged outside the intermediate shaft 222, the output spur rack 225 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the transportation cylinder shell 211, and the input spur gear 224 and the output spur rack 225 are mutually meshed.

The process of driving the transportation mechanism 210 to ascend and descend by the ascending and descending driving mechanism 220 is specifically represented as follows: the lifting motor 221 operates and pulls the intermediate shaft 222 to rotate around the self axial direction through the power connecting component 223, the intermediate shaft 222 rotates and pulls the input spur gear 224 to rotate synchronously, the input spur gear 224 rotates and drives the transportation barrel shell 221 to displace along the direction vertical to the ground through the cooperation with the output spur rack 225, namely, the transportation mechanism 210 is enabled to perform the ascending or descending motion along the direction vertical to the ground.

Ditch reclamation device 300 install in the bottom of transport bobbin shell 211 and still be located the below of car base 1110, ditch reclamation device 300 is including installation casing group 310, opening adjustment mechanism 320, reclamation mechanism 330, installation casing group 310 is installed in the bottom of transport bobbin shell 211, opening adjustment mechanism 320 is used for ordering about installation casing group 310 to change towards the opening size of frame 110 locomotive, reclamation mechanism 330 is used for following and advances the in-process to carry out the ditch reclamation to ground and the earth that the reclamation process produced gathers near auger 212 bottom through the opening guide of installation casing group 310 of advancing automobile body 100.

Installation casing group 310 including fixed shell 311, fixed shell 311 includes the horizontal plate, vertical board, the plate body structure that the horizontal plate was arranged for the level, the horizontal plate is provided with two sets of and is respectively for going up the horizontal plate along the direction on perpendicular to ground, be located the lower horizontal plate under the horizontal plate, vertical board vertical fixed sets up between two sets of horizontal plates, vertical board is provided with two sets of and is located the horizontal plate respectively along the one end along vehicle bottom seat 1110 width direction, be the contained angle between two sets of vertical boards and arrange and distance between two sets of vertical boards is degressive along the length direction of vehicle bottom seat 1110 and by the directional rear of a vehicle of locomotive direction between the two sets of vertical boards, fixed connection between the tip that vehicle bottom seat 1110 locomotive was kept away from to two sets of vertical boards, two sets of horizontal plates constitute inside cavity jointly and the shell structure of opening towards vehicle bottom seat locomotive 1110, the vertical upwards of the last horizontal plate of fixed shell 311 be provided with fixed pipeline 3111 and coaxial fixed pipeline And the packing auger 212 penetrates through the fixed pipeline 3111 and is movably connected with the lower horizontal plate of the fixed shell 311.

The mounting shell assembly 310 further includes a bottom plate 312, the bottom plate 312 is a horizontally arranged plate structure, and the bottom plate 312 is connected to the end surface of the lower horizontal plate of the fixed shell 311 facing the vehicle head of the vehicle base 1110.

The mounting shell group 310 further comprises an opening plate group, the opening plate group comprises a first opening plate 313 and a second opening plate 314 which are vertically arranged, the first opening plate 313 and the opening end of the fixed shell 311 are hinged to each other, a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position between the first opening plate 313 and the opening end of the fixed shell 311 is axially perpendicular to the ground, the second opening plate 314 and the end part, away from the fixed shell 311, of the first opening plate 313 are hinged to each other, a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position between the second opening plate 314 and the first opening plate 313 is axially perpendicular to the ground, and the opening plate group is provided with two groups and is respectively located on one side, in the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat 1110, of the opening of the fixed shell 311.

Linkage parts are arranged between the second opening plate 314 of the opening plate group and the opening of the fixed shell 311 and are connected through the linkage parts, and two groups of linkage parts are correspondingly arranged.

The linkage part comprises a linkage pin 315 and a linkage rod 316, wherein a mounting protrusion is arranged on the side surface of the second opening plate 314 facing the bottom plate 312 and is close to the first opening plate 313, the linkage pin 315 is vertically and movably mounted on the mounting protrusion, the linkage rod 316 is horizontally arranged, one end of the linkage rod 316 is hinged with the opening of the fixed shell 311, the other end of the linkage rod 316 is movably connected with the linkage pin 315, and a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position between the linkage rod 316 and the opening of the fixed shell 311 is axially vertical to the ground.

The working process of installing the shell group 310 is specifically as follows: the end part of the reclamation mechanism 330 for carrying out ditch reclamation on the ground is positioned in the area between the two groups of the second opening plates 314, so that soil generated in the reclamation process is gathered into the fixed shell 311 under the guidance of the two groups of the second opening plates, namely, is positioned near the bottom end of the packing auger 212;

in addition, when the linking pin 315 is driven by the shedding adjusting mechanism 320 to displace along the width direction of the chassis 1110, the distance between the two sets of shedding plates changes under the cooperation of the linking member, that is, the opening angle between the two sets of shedding plates changes.

More specifically, because the soil humidity in different areas is inconsistent, so the earth that produces in the reclamation mechanism 330 reclamation process is probably great block structure, and auger 212 is relatively poor to the transport effect that is the earth of great block structure, can lead to earth to pile up in a large number to fixed shell 311 and irrigation canals and ditches in not in time transported away, in order to solve this problem, installation casing group 310 on still be provided with vibrating member.

Bottom plate 312 through the lower dull and stereotyped erection joint of grafting mode with fixed shell 311, it is specific, the lower dull and stereotyped terminal surface towards vehicle bottom seat 1110 locomotive of fixed shell 311 be provided with slot 3112, the up end of the lower dull and stereotyped terminal surface of fixed shell 311 be provided with the jack 3113 that runs through its thickness and put through with slot 3112, bottom plate 312 towards the terminal surface level of fixed shell 311 be provided with grafting convex plate 3122 and be provided with spacing hole on grafting convex plate 3122, when grafting convex plate 3122 pegs graft and set up in slot 3112, spacing hole and jack 3113 put through each other and be provided with bolt 3123 between the two and carry out the installation of pegging graft through bolt 3123, concrete erection joint process performance is: after the inserting protruding plate 3122 is inserted into the slot 3112, the pin 3123 is inserted between the inserting hole 3113 and the limiting hole, and thereafter, the bottom plate 312 may slightly move along the width direction of the chassis 1110.

The upper end surface of the bottom plate 312 is also evenly provided with a plurality of groups of vertical rods 3121 which are vertically arranged at intervals.

The lower terminal surface of bottom plate 312 be provided with mounting groove one, the lower horizontal plate lower terminal surface of fixed shell 311 be provided with mounting groove two to the mounting groove is put through each other between mounting groove one and the mounting groove two, the bottom of auger 212 pass the lower horizontal plate of fixed shell 311 and be located mounting groove two.

The vibration member comprises a vibrator 317 and a power connecting part 318, the vibrator 317 is vertically arranged in the first mounting groove, the vibrator 317 is used for driving the bottom plate 312 to vibrate, the power connecting part 318 is arranged between the power input end of the vibrator 317 and the bottom end of the packing auger 212 and used for power connection and transmission between the power input end and the packing auger 212, and specifically, the power connecting part 318 is of a belt transmission structure; the vibrator 317 is a conventional vibration technology and will not be described in detail herein.

And the groove openings of the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are matched with each other and provided with groove covers.

The working process of the vibration component is characterized in that: the power connection component 318 receives power generated by rotation of the auger 212 and transmits the power to the vibrator 317, so that the vibrator 317 operates and drives the bottom plate 312 to vibrate, and therefore the vertical rod 3121 vibrates and performs vibration crushing treatment on soil before the soil enters the fixed housing 311, so that the soil is conveniently transported away by the auger 212 in the fixed housing 311.

The up horizontal board up end of fixed shell 311 be provided with fixed bolster 3114, opening adjustment mechanism 320 and fixed bolster 3114 between be connected, opening adjustment mechanism 320 includes installing support 321, driving motor 322, lead screw 323, guide arm 324, adjustment shell 325, installing support 321 is the rectangular frame structure, between installing support 321 and the fixed bolster 3114 fixed connection and installing support 321 are located one side of fixed bolster 3114 towards vehicle bottom seat 1110 locomotive.

The axial direction of the output shaft of the driving motor 322 is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle base 1110, the driving motor 322 is fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket 321, the axial direction of the first screw rod 323 and the guiding direction of the guide rod 324 are both parallel to the length direction of the vehicle base 1110, the first screw rod 323 is movably arranged on the mounting bracket 321 and can rotate around the axial direction of the first screw rod 323, and the guide rod 324 is fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket 321.

A first power transmission member 326 for power connection and transmission between the driving motor 322 and the first screw rod 323 is arranged between the driving motor 322 and the first screw rod 323, and specifically, the first power transmission member 326 is a bevel gear power transmission structure.

The adjusting shell 325 is a shell structure with a hollow inner part, the adjusting shell 325 is movably connected with the guide rod 324 to form sliding guide fit, the adjusting shell 325 is also connected with the first screw rod 323 through a nut, and the first screw rod 323 rotates around the self axial direction and can pull the adjusting shell 325 to displace along the guide direction of the guide rod 324.

The opening adjusting mechanism 320 further comprises a second screw rod 327, a second power transmission member 328 and an adjusting support 329, the axial direction of the second screw rod 327 is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle bottom base 1110, the second screw rod 327 is movably mounted on the mounting support 321 and can rotate around the axial direction of the second screw rod, the second screw rod 327 is further located on one side, facing the vehicle bottom base 1110 vehicle head, of the first screw rod 323, the second screw rod 327 can be divided into a first thread section, a second thread section and a smooth section located between the first thread section and the second thread section along the axial direction of the second screw rod, and the spiral direction of the first thread section is opposite to that.

The second power transmission member 328 is arranged between the smooth section of the adjustment housing 325 and the smooth section of the screw 327, the second power transmission member 328 comprises a transmission spur rack and a receiving spur gear, the extension direction of the transmission spur rack is parallel to the length direction of the vehicle base 1110, the transmission spur rack is fixedly connected with the adjustment housing 325, the receiving spur gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged outside the smooth section of the screw 327, and the transmission spur rack and the receiving spur gear are meshed with each other.

The adjusting bracket 329 is mounted outside the second screw mandrel 327 through a nut, the adjusting bracket 329 is also movably connected with the mounting bracket 321, a sliding guide fit with a guide direction parallel to the axial direction of the second screw mandrel 327 is formed between the adjusting bracket 329 and the mounting bracket 321, and the second screw mandrel 327 rotates around the axial direction of the second screw mandrel 327 and can pull the adjusting bracket 329 to displace along the axial direction of the second screw mandrel 327.

The adjusting support 329 is further provided with an adjusting hole with a guiding direction parallel to the length direction of the vehicle bottom seat 1110, the top end of the linkage pin 315 is located in the adjusting hole and forms sliding guide fit, and the top end of the linkage pin 315 is further provided with a limiting nut.

Two groups of adjusting brackets 329 are correspondingly arranged, one group of adjusting brackets 329 is arranged on the first thread section of the second screw rod 327, and the other group of adjusting brackets 329 is arranged on the second thread section of the second screw rod 327.

The process of adjusting the opening of the mounting case set 310 by the opening adjusting mechanism 320 is specifically represented as follows: the driving motor 322 runs and drives the first screw rod 323 to rotate around the self axial direction through the first power transmission component 326, the first screw rod 323 rotates and pulls the adjusting shell 325 to displace along the guiding direction of the guide rod 324, the adjusting shell 325 moves and pulls the second screw rod 327 to rotate around the self axial direction through the second power transmission component 328, the second screw rod 327 rotates and pulls the two groups of adjusting supports 329 to move away from or close to each other, when the two groups of adjusting supports 329 move away from each other, the distance between the two groups of opening plate groups of the mounting shell group 310 is increased, and when the two groups of adjusting supports 329 move close to each other, the distance between the two groups of opening plate groups of the mounting shell group 310 is decreased.

The reclamation mechanism 330 includes a reclamation member 3310 for performing trench reclamation on the ground while following the traveling vehicle body 100 forward, and a reclamation driving member 3320 for receiving power of the transport motor 213 and driving the reclamation member 3310 to operate using the power.

Reclamation member 3310 include bearing support 3311, guide post 3312, reclamation plough 3313, pendulum rod 3316, bearing support 3311 is the rectangular frame structure and bearing support 3311 and fixed connection between the fixed bolster 3114, bearing support 3311 is located the fixed bolster 3114 towards one side of vehicle bottom seat 1110 locomotive and bearing support 3311 still is located the below of installing support 321.

Guide post 3312's direction of guidance be on a parallel with the width direction of vehicle bottom seat 1110, guide post 3312 fixed mounting be on bearing support 3311 and guide post 3311 is provided with two sets ofly along the length direction of vehicle bottom seat 1110, reclamation plough 3313 include the body frame body, the plow harrow, swing joint and constitute the sliding guide cooperation between the two between the body frame body and the guide post 3312, the extending direction of plow harrow is on a parallel with the length direction of vehicle bottom seat 1110, plow harrow fixed mounting is in one side of body frame body orientation vehicle bottom seat 1110 locomotive and the other end of plow harrow is located one side of installation casing group 310 orientation vehicle bottom seat 1110 locomotive, the plow harrow evenly spaced distribution is provided with a plurality of groups on the body frame body.

The main frame body upper end face of the reclamation plow 3313 is provided with a guide groove 3314 and the guide direction of the guide groove 3314 is parallel to the length direction of the vehicle bottom seat 1110, a guide slide block 3315 is movably installed in the guide groove 3314 and the guide slide block 3315 and the guide groove 3314 form a sliding guide fit.

The pendulum rod 3316 is arranged horizontally, one end of the pendulum rod 3316 is located under the adjusting shell 325, the other end is hinged to the upper end face of the guide slider 3315, the hinge axis formed at the hinge between the pendulum rod 3316 and the guide slider 3315 is perpendicular to the ground, the pendulum rod 3316 is also hinged to the bearing support 3311, the hinge axis formed at the hinge between the pendulum rod 3316 and the bearing support 3311 is perpendicular to the ground, and the hinge point and the guide groove 3314 between the pendulum rod 3316 and the bearing support 3311 are located on the same straight line.

A drawing hole 3317 is formed in the outer portion of the swing rod 3316 at a side away from the guide slot 3314 at a hinge point between the swing rod 3316 and the support holder 3311, and a guiding direction of the drawing hole 3317 is parallel to an extending direction of the swing rod 3316.

The working process of the reclamation component 3310 is specifically represented as: the reclamation driving member 3320 drives the swing rod 3316 to reciprocate while the reclamation member 3310 moves forward along the traveling vehicle body 100, the swing rod 3316 swings and drives the reclamation plow 3313 to reciprocate along the guide direction of the guide post 3312 by the cooperation of the guide block 3315 and the guide groove 3314, and the reclamation plow 3313 serves to perform trench reclamation on the ground.

The reclamation driving member 3320 comprises a driving shaft 3321, a reclamation shaft 3323 and a driving plate 3325, the driving shaft 3321 is vertically arranged, the top end of the driving shaft 3321 is close to the transportation motor 213, and the bottom end of the driving shaft 3321 penetrates through the cart base 1110 and is movably connected with the fixed support 3114, the driving shaft 3321 can rotate around the self axial direction, a power transmission assembly 3322 for power connection and transmission between the top end of the driving shaft 3321 and the power output end of the transportation motor 213 is arranged between the top end of the driving shaft 3321 and the power output end of the transportation motor, and particularly, the power transmission assembly 3322 is a straight gear power transmission.

Adjustment shell 325 along vehicle base 1110 length direction's a side seted up and dodge hole one, adjustment shell 325 has seted up along vehicle base 1110 length direction's another side and has dodged hole two, the axial of reclamation axle 3323 be on a parallel with vehicle base 1110's length direction, the one end of reclamation axle 3323 and bearing support 3311 swing joint, the other end pass dodge hole one and dodge behind the hole two with bearing support 3311 swing joint, the reclamation axle 3323 can rotate around self axial, the bottom of reclamation axle 3323 and drive shaft 3321 between be provided with and be used for power transmission assembly two 3324 that power between the two is connected the transmission, specifically, two 3324 of power transmission assembly are bevel gear power transmission structure.

The driving disk 3325 is a disk structure with an axial direction perpendicular to the ground, the driving disk 3325 is located under the adjusting shell 325, the upper end surface of the driving disk 3325 is coaxially provided with a driving convex column, the top end of the driving convex column penetrates through the bottom end of the adjusting shell 325 and is located in the adjusting shell 325, the driving convex column can rotate around the self axial direction, the lower end surface of the driving disk 3325 is coaxially provided with a traction protrusion, the bottom end of the traction protrusion is located in a traction hole 3317 arranged on the swing rod 3316, the driving disk 3325 rotates around the self axial direction and can drive the swing rod 3316 to axially and reciprocally swing around a hinge shaft formed at the hinge joint between the swing rod 3316 and the bearing support 3311 through the matching of the traction protrusion.

Set up in driving projection top of driving-disc 3325 up end and reclamation axle 3323 be located the partial outside in the adjustment shell 325 between be provided with power transmission subassembly three, power transmission subassembly three including gear shaft 3326, power transmission part 3327, gear shaft 3326 be both ends opening and with the circular shaft structure of reclamation axle 3323 coaxial arrangement, be provided with the interlock between gear shaft 3326 and the reclamation axle 3323 and gear shaft 3326 through interlock coaxial arrangement in reclamation axle 3323 outside to when gear shaft 3326 along self axial displacement, reclamation axle 3323 can be sustainable to gear shaft 3326 output power, and is concrete, the interlock is including setting up in the external spline of reclamation axle 3323 outside, setting up in the internal spline of gear shaft 3326.

The power transmission part 3327 is disposed between the gear shaft 3326 and the top end of the driving boss and used for power connection and transmission between the gear shaft 3326 and the driving boss, and specifically, the power transmission part 3327 is a bevel gear power transmission structure.

The working process of the reclamation driving member 3320 is specifically as follows: the transportation motor 213 drives the driving shaft 3321 to rotate around the self axial direction through the first power transmission component 3322 while running, the driving shaft 3321 rotates and pulls the reclamation shaft 3323 to rotate around the self axial direction through the second power transmission component 3324, the reclamation shaft 3323 rotates and pulls the gear shaft 3326 to synchronously rotate through the linkage, the gear shaft 3326 rotates and pulls the driving disc 3325 to rotate around the self axial direction through the power transmission component 3327, the driving disc 3325 rotates and can drive the swing rod 3316 to axially reciprocate around a hinge shaft formed at the hinge joint between the swing rod 3316 and the bearing support 3311 through the matching of the pulling protrusion and the pulling hole 3317;

in addition, in the process of adjusting the opening of the installation housing set 310 by the opening adjusting mechanism 320, the adjusting housing 325 is displaced along the guiding direction of the guide rod 324, the adjusting housing 325 moves and can change the position of the pulling protrusion in the pulling hole 3317, that is, the distance between the pulling protrusion, the swing rod 3316 and the hinge of the bearing support 3311 is changed, so that the swing amplitude of the swing rod 3316 is changed, specifically, when the adjusting housing 325 moves close to the head of the vehicle base 1110, the distance between the pulling protrusion, the swing rod 3316 and the hinge of the bearing support 3311 is reduced, the swing amplitude of the swing rod 3316 is increased, so that the reciprocating amplitude of the cultivating plow 3313 is increased, and the width of the cultivated ditch is increased; the width of the reclaimed trench is reduced by adjusting the movement of the housing 325 towards the rear of the cart base 1110; as described above, the opening adjusting process of the opening adjusting mechanism 320 for the mounting case set is simultaneously performed, and the reciprocating range of the reclamation plow 3313 is correspondingly changed without separately adjusting the reclamation member 3310.

During actual operation, the distance between the two sets of the lathes 1121 of the lath member 1120 is adjusted by the lath width adjusting member 1130 according to the actual width of the trench to be reclaimed, the opening of the mounting shell set 310 is adjusted by the opening adjusting mechanism 320 according to the actual width of the trench to be reclaimed, and the reciprocating motion amplitude of the reclamation plow 3313 of the reclamation member 3310 is correspondingly changed along with the change of the opening of the mounting shell set 310;

then, the worker digs a pot hole on the ground, and the traveling vehicle body 100 is operated such that the wheels 120 are positioned on one side of the trench to be reclaimed two by two, and the trench reclamation apparatus 300 is positioned right above the pot hole;

subsequently, the lifting driving mechanism 220 operates and drives the transportation mechanism 210 to wholly make a descending motion, the transportation mechanism 210 descends and pulls the whole ditch cultivation device 300 to wholly descend synchronously until the bottom of the fixed shell 311 of the installation shell group 310 contacts with the bottom of the pot hole;

subsequently, the traveling vehicle body 100 starts to advance and pulls the ditcher to advance in synchronization as a whole, and at the same time, the transport motor 213 starts to operate, and the reclamation motor 3313 of the reclamation member 330 is driven to reciprocate in the guide direction of the guide post 3312 by the reclamation driving member 3320, and the reclamation motor 3313 performs ditch reclamation by being engaged with the reclamation driving member 3320.

Claims

1. A farmland ditch reclamation method beneficial to crop planting comprises the following steps:

a preparation stage;

the travelling vehicle body comprises a vehicle frame, wheels, a connecting member and a damping member, the vehicle frame comprises a vehicle base, a vehicle plate member and a vehicle plate width adjusting member, the vehicle base is of a horizontally arranged plate structure, a supporting bracket is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle base, and a power source is arranged on the upper end surface of the vehicle base;

the vehicle plate component comprises vehicle plates and a guide connecting component, wherein the vehicle plates are rectangular plates with large faces perpendicular to the width direction of the vehicle base, the vehicle plates are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned on one side of the vehicle base along the length direction of the vehicle base, the guide connecting component is used for connecting the two groups of vehicle plates and is provided with two groups along the length direction of the vehicle base, the axial direction of the guide connecting component is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle base, and the vehicle plate width adjusting component is used for driving the two groups of vehicle plates to move away from or close to each other along the axial direction of the guide connecting component;

the four groups of wheels are arranged, the connecting members are used for connecting the four groups of wheels with the frame, and the damping members are used for playing a damping and buffering role in the advancing process of the advancing vehicle body;

the ditch reclamation device is positioned below the vehicle base and is installed at the bottom end of the soil transportation device, the ditch reclamation device comprises an installation shell group, an opening adjusting mechanism and a reclamation mechanism, the installation shell group comprises a fixed shell, a bottom plate and an opening plate group, the fixed shell is of a horizontally-arranged and internally-hollow shell structure, one end, facing the advancing vehicle body, of the fixed shell is an opening end, the upper end face of the fixed shell is vertically provided with a fixed pipeline, the fixed pipeline is coaxially installed and connected with the soil transportation device, the bottom plate is of a horizontally-arranged plate structure, and the bottom plate is installed and connected with the lower side wall of the opening end of the fixed shell;

the opening plate group comprises a first opening plate and a second opening plate which are vertically arranged, the first opening plate is hinged with the opening end of the fixed shell, a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position between the first opening plate and the opening end of the fixed shell is axially vertical to the ground, the second opening plate is hinged with the end part of the first opening plate, which is deviated from the fixed shell, and a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position between the second opening plate and the first opening plate is axially vertical to the ground, and the opening plate group is provided with two groups and is respectively positioned on one side of the opening of the fixed shell along the width direction of the chassis;

linkage parts are arranged between an opening plate II of the opening plate group and an opening of the fixed shell and are connected through the linkage parts, two groups of linkage parts are correspondingly arranged, each linkage part comprises a linkage pin and a linkage rod, a mounting bulge is arranged on the side surface of the opening plate II facing the bottom plate and is close to the opening plate I, the linkage pins are vertically and movably mounted on the mounting bulges, the linkage rods are horizontally arranged, one ends of the linkage rods are hinged with the opening of the fixed shell, the other ends of the linkage rods are movably connected with the linkage pins, and a hinge shaft formed at the hinged part between the linkage rods and the opening of the fixed shell is axially vertical to the ground;

the opening adjusting mechanism is used for driving the distance between the two groups of opening plate groups to change through the matching with the linkage part;

(II) a reclamation stage;

the soil transportation device comprises a transportation mechanism and a lifting driving mechanism, the transportation mechanism is vertically arranged, the ditch reclamation device is installed at the bottom of the transportation mechanism, the transportation mechanism is used for transporting and discharging soil generated by reclamation to the outside of a ditch in the reclamation process of the ditch reclamation device, and the lifting driving mechanism is used for driving the transportation mechanism to do lifting motion along the direction vertical to the ground;

the upper end face of the fixed shell is provided with a fixed bracket, the reclamation mechanism comprises a reclamation member and a reclamation driving member,

the reclamation member comprises a bearing support, guide columns, a reclamation plough and a swing rod, wherein the bearing support is of a rectangular frame structure, the bearing support is fixed with a fixed support, the bearing support is positioned on one side of the fixed support, which faces to the vehicle base head, the guide direction of each guide column is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle base, the guide columns are fixed on the bearing support and are provided with two groups along the length direction of the vehicle base, the reclamation plough comprises a main frame body and plough rakes, the main frame body is movably connected with the guide columns to form sliding guide fit, the extension direction of the plough rakes is parallel to the length direction of the vehicle base, the plough rakes are fixed on one side of the main frame body, which faces to the vehicle base head, and the other ends of the plough rakes are positioned on one side of the mounting shell group, which faces to the vehicle base head, and the;

the upper end face of a main frame body of the reclamation plough is provided with a guide groove with the guide direction parallel to the length direction of a vehicle chassis, a guide slider is movably mounted in the guide groove, a sliding guide fit is formed between the guide slider and the guide slider, a swing rod is horizontally arranged, one end of the swing rod is hinged with the upper end face of the guide slider, the other end of the swing rod is positioned on one side of the guide groove facing to the tail of the vehicle chassis, a hinge shaft formed at the hinge position between the swing rod and the guide slider is axially vertical to the ground, the swing rod is also hinged with a bearing bracket, a hinge shaft formed at the hinge position between the swing rod and the bearing bracket is axially vertical to the ground, and a hinge point between the swing rod;

the reclamation driving component is used for driving the swing rod to do reciprocating swing around the axial direction of a hinged shaft between the swing rod and the bearing bracket;

2. The farmland ditch reclamation method facilitating crop planting according to claim 1, wherein the guide connection assembly comprises a guide sliding sleeve and a guide sliding rod, the axial direction of the guide sliding sleeve is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle base, the guide sliding rod and the guide sliding sleeve are coaxially arranged, the guide sliding sleeve and the guide sliding rod are movably arranged on the support bracket and can be axially displaced along the support bracket, one end of the guide sliding rod is positioned in the guide sliding sleeve and forms a sliding guide fit, the other end of the guide sliding sleeve is fixed with the corresponding vehicle plate, and the other end of the guide sliding rod is fixed with the corresponding vehicle plate;

the width adjusting component of the vehicle plate is used for adjusting the distance between two groups of vehicle plates and comprises an adjusting motor, a rotating shaft, a transmission shaft and a translation component, wherein the output shaft of the adjusting motor is axially parallel to the length direction of the vehicle base and is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the vehicle base;

a power connecting assembly for connecting and transmitting power between the rotating shaft and the transmission shaft is arranged between the rotating shaft and the transmission shaft, and the power connecting assembly is a speed reduction bevel gear power transmission structure;

translation subassembly include the initiative spur gear, driven spur rack, the coaxial fixed mounting of initiative spur gear is outside in the transmission axle, the extending direction of driven spur rack is on a parallel with the width direction of car base and the tip of driven spur rack is provided with the fixing base, driven spur rack movable mounting can follow self extending direction and take place the displacement on the fastening support, and intermeshing between driven spur rack and the initiative spur gear, driven spur rack is provided with two sets ofly and is located one side of initiative spur gear along car base width direction respectively, and set up in the fixing base of driven spur rack tip respectively with correspond fixed connection between the sweep.

3. The method for cultivating farmland ditches beneficial to crop planting according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting member comprises a connecting component, the connecting component comprises a connecting seat, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the connecting seat is positioned below the carriage plate, the extending directions of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are parallel to the large surface of the carriage plate, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are parallel to each other, and the first connecting rod is positioned above the second connecting rod;

one end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the vehicle plate, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the connecting seat, a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position of the first connecting rod and the vehicle plate is axially parallel to the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat, and a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position of the first connecting rod and the connecting seat is axially parallel to the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat;

one end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the vehicle plate, the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the connecting seat, a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position of the second connecting rod and the vehicle plate is axially parallel to the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat, and a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position of the second connecting rod and the connecting seat is axially parallel to the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat;

the area formed by the connecting rod I, the connecting rod II, the connecting seat and the vehicle plate together is of a parallelogram structure;

the connecting components are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned on one side of the vehicle bottom plate along the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat, and the connecting components are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned on one side of the vehicle bottom seat along the length direction of the connecting components and are connected with the corresponding vehicle bottom plate;

the wheel be wheel structure of in-wheel motor drive, the axial of wheel is on a parallel with the width direction of vehicle bottom seat, four groups of wheels one-to-one install on four groups of connecting seats.

4. The method for reclaiming farmland ditches beneficial to crop planting according to claim 3, wherein the shock absorption members comprise shock absorption assemblies, the shock absorption assemblies are arranged between two groups of connecting members of the connecting members, and the shock absorption assemblies are correspondingly arranged in two groups;

the shock absorption assembly comprises a connecting cylinder shell and a shock absorption part, the connecting cylinder shell is of a cylindrical shell structure which is axially parallel to the length direction of the vehicle base and has two open ends, the two open ends of the connecting cylinder shell are respectively provided with an installation end cover in a matching way, and the connecting cylinder shell is arranged in an area between the two groups of connecting assemblies;

the damping part comprises a damping piston, a damping rod and a damping spring, the damping piston is movably arranged in the connecting cylinder shell and forms sliding guide fit, the damping rod and the connecting cylinder shell are coaxially arranged, one end of the damping rod is fixed with the damping piston, the other end of the damping rod penetrates through the mounting end cover and is positioned outside the connecting cylinder shell, a movable seat is arranged at the end of the damping rod, the movable seat is hinged with a second connecting rod corresponding to the connecting component, and a hinge shaft formed at the hinged position between the movable seat and the second connecting rod corresponding to the connecting component is axially parallel to the width direction of the vehicle base;

the damping spring is sleeved outside the damping rod, one end of the damping spring is connected with the damping piston, the other end of the damping spring is connected with the corresponding mounting end cover, the compression elasticity of the damping spring drives the damping piston to move away from the corresponding mounting end cover, and the extension elasticity of the damping spring drives the damping piston to move close to the corresponding mounting end cover;

the damping parts are provided with two groups, one group of damping parts are positioned between the connecting cylinder shell and one group of connecting assemblies, and the other group of damping parts are positioned between the connecting cylinder shell and the other group of connecting assemblies.

5. The farmland ditch reclamation method beneficial to crop planting according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the vehicle bottom seat is provided with a mounting hole penetrating through the thickness of the vehicle bottom seat along the tail part of the vehicle in the length direction of the vehicle bottom seat, the mounting hole is internally and coaxially provided with a mounting sleeve, the transportation mechanism comprises a transportation cylinder shell, a packing auger, a transportation motor and a discharge pipeline, the transportation cylinder shell is a circular shell structure which is vertically arranged and is provided with openings at the upper end and the lower end, the transportation cylinder shell is coaxially and movably sleeved in the mounting sleeve, and the transportation cylinder shell can axially displace along the vehicle;

the upper opening end of the transportation cylinder shell is provided with a fixed end cover in a matching way, the upper end face of the fixed end cover is provided with a connecting support, the packing auger and the transportation cylinder shell are coaxially arranged, the top end of the packing auger penetrates through the fixed end cover and is positioned above the transportation cylinder shell, the bottom end of the packing auger penetrates through the lower opening end of the transportation cylinder shell and is positioned below the transportation cylinder shell, the packing auger can axially rotate around the packing auger, the transportation motor is vertically and fixedly arranged on the connecting support, and the power output end of the transportation motor is also coaxially and fixedly connected with the top end of the packing auger through a coupler;

the outer disc of transportation shell still be provided with the connection mouth with self inner chamber switch-on, connect the mouth and be the slope and arrange and connect the distance between mouth and the transportation shell and decrease progressively along perpendicular to ground and by lower supreme direction, row material pipeline and be connected coaxial fixed connection switch-on between the mouth free end.

6. The farmland ditch reclamation method facilitating crop planting according to claim 5, wherein a bracket body is further arranged at the tail part of the vehicle chassis, the lifting driving mechanism comprises a lifting motor, an intermediate shaft and a lifting driving member, the lifting motor is vertically and fixedly arranged on the bracket body, the intermediate shaft is horizontally and movably arranged on the bracket body and can axially rotate around the intermediate shaft, a power connecting component for power connection and transmission between the lifting motor and the intermediate shaft is arranged between the lifting motor and the intermediate shaft, and the power connecting component is a worm and gear power transmission structure;

the lifting driving part comprises an input straight gear and an output straight rack, the input straight gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged outside the intermediate shaft, the output straight rack is vertically and fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the transportation cylinder shell, and the input straight gear and the output straight rack are mutually meshed.

7. The method for cultivating farm ditches beneficial to crop planting according to claim 6, wherein the fixed housing comprises horizontal plates and vertical plates, the horizontal plates are of a plate structure arranged horizontally, the horizontal plates are provided with two groups of upper horizontal plates and lower horizontal plates respectively arranged under the upper horizontal plates in a direction perpendicular to the ground, the vertical plates are vertically and fixedly arranged between the two groups of horizontal plates, the vertical plates are provided with two groups of vertical plates and respectively arranged at one ends of the horizontal plates in the width direction of the truck base, the two groups of vertical plates are arranged in an included angle, the distance between the two groups of vertical plates decreases in the length direction of the truck base and in the direction from the truck base to the truck tail, the two groups of vertical plates are fixedly connected between the ends far away from the truck base truck head, the two groups of vertical plates and the two groups of horizontal plates jointly form a shell structure which is hollow inside and is opened towards the truck base truck head, the upper horizontal plate of the fixed housing is vertically upwards provided with a fixed pipeline The packing auger passes through the fixed pipeline and is movably connected with the lower horizontal plate of the fixed shell;

the bottom plate is connected with the end face, facing the vehicle base head, of the lower horizontal plate of the fixed shell in an installing mode.

8. The method for agricultural trench reclamation facilitating crop planting as recited in claim 7, wherein said mounting housing assembly is further provided with a vibration member;

the bottom plate is connected with a lower horizontal plate of the fixed shell in an inserting mode, an inserting groove is formed in the end face, facing the car base car head, of the lower horizontal plate of the fixed shell, an inserting hole penetrating through the thickness of the lower horizontal plate of the fixed shell and communicated with the inserting groove is formed in the upper end face of the lower horizontal plate of the fixed shell, an inserting convex plate is horizontally arranged on the end face, facing the fixed shell, of the bottom plate, a limiting hole is formed in the inserting convex plate, when the inserting convex plate is arranged in the inserting groove in an inserting mode, the limiting hole and the inserting hole are communicated with each other, a plug pin;

a plurality of groups of vertical rods which are vertically arranged are uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the bottom plate at intervals;

the lower end face of the bottom plate is provided with a first mounting groove, the lower end face of the lower horizontal plate of the fixed shell is provided with a second mounting groove, the first mounting groove is communicated with the second mounting groove, and the bottom end of the packing auger penetrates through the lower horizontal plate of the fixed shell and is positioned in the second mounting groove;

the vibration component comprises a vibrator and a power connecting part, the vibrator is vertically arranged in the first mounting groove and used for driving the bottom plate to vibrate, the power connecting part is arranged between the power input end of the vibrator and the bottom end of the packing auger and used for power connection and transmission between the power input end of the vibrator and the bottom end of the packing auger, and the power connecting part is of a belt transmission structure;

9. The method for cultivating farmland ditches beneficial to crop planting according to claim 7, wherein the opening adjusting mechanism is connected with the fixed bracket, the opening adjusting mechanism comprises a mounting bracket, a driving motor, a first screw rod, a guide rod and an adjusting shell, the mounting bracket is of a rectangular frame structure, the mounting bracket is fixedly connected with the fixed bracket, and the mounting bracket is positioned on one side of the fixed bracket, which faces the head of the base of the vehicle;

the axial direction of an output shaft of the driving motor is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle bottom seat, the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket, the axial direction of a screw rod and the guide direction of a guide rod are both parallel to the length direction of the vehicle bottom seat, the screw rod is movably arranged on the mounting bracket and can rotate around the self axial direction, and the guide rod is fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket;

a first power transmission component for power connection and transmission between the driving motor and the first screw rod is arranged between the driving motor and the first screw rod, and the first power transmission component is a bevel gear power transmission structure;

the adjusting shell is of a shell structure with a hollow interior, the adjusting shell is movably connected with the guide rod to form sliding guide fit, the adjusting shell is also connected with the first screw rod through a nut, and the first screw rod axially rotates around the first screw rod and can pull the adjusting shell to displace along the guide direction of the guide rod;

the opening adjusting mechanism further comprises a second screw rod, a second power transmission member and an adjusting support, wherein the axial direction of the second screw rod is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle base, the second screw rod is movably arranged on the mounting support and can rotate around the axial direction of the second screw rod, the second screw rod is also positioned on one side of the first screw rod facing the vehicle base head, the second screw rod can be divided into a first thread section, a second thread section and a smooth section positioned between the first thread section and the second thread section along the axial direction of the second screw rod, and the spiral directions of the first thread section and the second thread section are opposite;

the second power transmission component is arranged between the adjusting shell and the smooth section of the screw rod, and comprises a transmission spur rack and a receiving spur gear, the extension direction of the transmission spur rack is parallel to the length direction of the vehicle base and is fixedly connected with the adjusting shell, the receiving spur gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged outside the smooth section of the screw rod, and the transmission spur rack and the receiving spur gear are mutually meshed;

the adjusting bracket is arranged outside the second screw rod through a nut, the adjusting bracket is movably connected with the mounting bracket, a sliding guide fit with a guide direction parallel to the axial direction of the second screw rod is formed between the adjusting bracket and the mounting bracket, and the second screw rod rotates around the axial direction of the second screw rod and can pull the adjusting bracket to displace along the axial direction of the second screw rod;

the adjusting bracket is also provided with an adjusting hole with the guiding direction parallel to the length direction of the vehicle base, the top end of the linkage pin is positioned in the adjusting hole and forms sliding guide fit, and the top end of the linkage pin is also provided with a limit nut;

the adjusting brackets are correspondingly provided with two groups, one group of adjusting brackets is arranged on the first thread section of the screw rod II, and the other group of adjusting brackets is arranged on the second thread section of the screw rod II.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the support frame is further positioned below the mounting frame;

one end of the swing rod is positioned right below the adjusting shell, the other end of the swing rod is hinged with the upper end face of the guide sliding block, a traction hole is formed in the outer part of the portion, located on one side, away from the guide groove, of the hinge point between the swing rod and the bearing support, and the guide direction of the traction hole is parallel to the extension direction of the swing rod;

the reclamation driving component comprises a driving shaft, a reclamation shaft and a driving disc, wherein the driving shaft is vertically arranged, the top end of the driving shaft is close to the transportation motor, the bottom end of the driving shaft penetrates through the vehicle base and is movably connected with the fixed support, the driving shaft can axially rotate around the driving shaft, a first power transmission assembly for power connection and transmission between the top end of the driving shaft and the power output end of the transportation motor is arranged between the top end of the driving shaft and the power output end of the transportation motor, and the first power transmission assembly is a straight gear power transmission structure;

the cultivation shaft is capable of rotating around the axial direction of the cultivation shaft, a power transmission assembly II for power connection and transmission between the cultivation shaft and the driving shaft is arranged between the cultivation shaft and the bottom end of the driving shaft, and the power transmission assembly II is a bevel gear power transmission structure;

the driving disc is of a disc structure which is axially vertical to the ground and is positioned under the adjusting shell, the upper end face of the driving disc is coaxially provided with a driving convex column, the top end of the driving convex column penetrates through the bottom end of the adjusting shell and is positioned in the adjusting shell, the driving convex column can rotate around the self axial direction, the lower end face of the driving disc is coaxially provided with a traction bulge, the bottom end of the traction bulge is positioned in a traction hole arranged on the swing rod, the driving disc rotates around the self axial direction and can drive the swing rod to axially and repeatedly swing around a hinge shaft formed at the hinge joint between the swing rod and the supporting bracket through the matching of the traction bulge;

the third power transmission component is arranged between the top end of the driving convex column arranged on the upper end face of the driving disc and the part of the reclamation shaft, which is positioned in the adjusting shell, of the outer part, and comprises a gear shaft and a power transmission part, the gear shaft is of a circular shaft structure with openings at two ends and is coaxially arranged with the reclamation shaft, a linkage part is arranged between the gear shaft and the reclamation shaft, the gear shaft is coaxially arranged outside the reclamation shaft through the linkage part, when the gear shaft axially displaces along the self-axial direction, the reclamation shaft can continuously output power to the gear shaft, and the linkage part comprises an external spline arranged outside the reclamation shaft and an internal spline arranged inside the gear shaft;

the power transmission part is arranged between the gear shaft and the top end of the driving convex column and used for power connection and transmission between the gear shaft and the driving convex column, and the power transmission part is of a bevel gear power transmission structure.