CN111901215A

CN111901215A - Multi-bus hybrid routing method and gateway device

Info

Publication number: CN111901215A
Application number: CN202010760439.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马荣福
Original assignee: Zhicheauto Technology Beijing Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhicheauto Technology Beijing Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-31
Filing date: 2020-07-31
Publication date: 2020-11-06
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-31
Also published as: CN111901215B

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-bus hybrid routing method and a gateway device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving a first data unit from a source port in a current bus; matching a first protocol corresponding to the current bus through a first preset rule, and analyzing the first data unit by adopting the first protocol to acquire data information in the first data unit and the ID of the target port; matching a target bus where the target port is located through a second preset rule based on the ID of the target port, wherein the type of the target bus is different from that of the current bus; matching a second protocol corresponding to the target bus through a first preset rule, and packaging the data information by adopting the second protocol to form a second data unit; and sending the second data unit to the target port through the target bus. The routing of data unit transmission among different buses is realized, and the efficiency of data exchange and transmission is improved.

Description

Multi-bus hybrid routing method and gateway device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobile gateways, in particular to a multi-bus hybrid routing method and a gateway device.

Background

Due to the rise of intelligent automobiles, network architectures in vehicle-mounted systems tend to be more and more complex, high-medium and low-medium bus mixed gateways such as ethernet, CAN and LIN appear, routing and forwarding of signals among different buses depend on analysis of the signals by various modules and forwarding of application layers at present, and a uniform routing mode is not defined yet.

In the existing static routing gateway, only the processing of the CAN bus is defined, and the routing forwarding of the hybrid bus such as LIN and ethernet is not taken into consideration, so that the information transmission between various networks is realized, and the analysis and the redistribution of the information are mainly carried out by depending on the terminal equipment receiving the information. Various network signals in the existing vehicle-mounted network cannot be mutually routed, the transmission efficiency is low, and the requirement of high-speed information exchange of the vehicle network in the future cannot be met.

Therefore, a new routing method applied to an intelligent automobile is needed to be provided, so that mutual routing of data unit transmission among different buses is met, and data exchange and transmission efficiency is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multi-bus hybrid routing method and a gateway device, which meet the routing of data unit transmission among different buses and improve the efficiency of data exchange and transmission.

In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a multi-bus hybrid routing method, including:

receiving a first data unit from a source port in a current bus;

matching a first protocol corresponding to the current bus through a first preset rule, and analyzing the first data unit by adopting the first protocol to acquire data information in the first data unit and the ID of a target port;

matching a target bus where the target port is located through a second preset rule based on the ID of the target port, wherein the type of the target bus is different from that of the current bus;

matching a second protocol corresponding to the target bus through the first preset rule, and packaging the data information by adopting the second protocol to form a second data unit;

and sending the second data unit to the target port through the target bus.

Optionally, the first preset rule is a bus protocol description table, where the bus protocol description table includes a mapping relationship between each bus and its corresponding protocol.

Optionally, the second preset rule is a preset static routing table, where the static routing table includes routing relationships from messages or signals in different buses to other buses.

Optionally, the plurality of buses includes at least one ethernet bus, at least one CAN bus, at least one SPI bus, at least one LIN bus, and at least one UART bus.

Optionally, receiving a first data unit from the source port in the current bus comprises:

when the current bus is an Ethernet bus, receiving an Ethernet message from an Ethernet port;

when the current bus is a CAN bus, receiving a CAN message from a CAN port;

when the current bus is an SPI bus, receiving an SPI data frame from an SPI port;

when the current bus is an LIN bus, receiving an LIN data frame from an LIN port;

and when the current bus is a UART bus, receiving a UART data frame from a UART port.

Optionally, before receiving the ethernet packet from the ethernet port, the method further includes:

receiving an access request of the Ethernet port;

sending a random number message to the Ethernet interface;

receiving an authentication message returned by the Ethernet interface, wherein the authentication message is obtained by the Ethernet port according to the random number calculation in the random number message;

judging whether the authentication message is correct or not;

if the authentication is correct, the security authentication is passed, and the encrypted temporary secret key and the valid period of the temporary secret key are sent to the Ethernet port;

and establishing connection with the Ethernet port, and receiving the Ethernet message encrypted by the Ethernet port based on the temporary secret key in the valid period.

Optionally, receiving, in the validity period, an ethernet packet encrypted by the ethernet port based on the temporary key, further includes:

and monitoring the frequency of sending the Ethernet message of the Ethernet port within the validity period, and if the frequency exceeds a preset value, disconnecting the Ethernet port.

Optionally, encapsulating the data information by using the second protocol to form a second data unit, including:

when the target bus is an Ethernet bus, encrypting the data information by adopting the temporary secret key, and packaging the encrypted data information by adopting an Ethernet bus protocol to form an Ethernet message;

when the target bus is a CAN bus, packaging the data information by adopting a CAN bus protocol to form a CAN message;

when the target bus is an SPI bus, packaging the analyzed data information by adopting an SPI bus protocol to form an SPI data frame;

when the target bus is an LIN bus, packaging the analyzed data information by adopting an LIN bus protocol to form an LIN data frame;

and when the target bus is a UART bus, packaging the analyzed data information by adopting a UART bus protocol to form a UART data frame.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a gateway device to which a plurality of buses are connected, including:

the receiving module is used for receiving a first data unit from a source port in a current bus;

the analysis module is used for matching a first protocol corresponding to the current bus through a first preset rule and analyzing the first data unit by adopting the first protocol to acquire data information in the first data unit and an ID (identity) of a target port, wherein the type of the target bus is different from that of the current bus;

the protocol conversion module is used for matching a target bus where the target port is located through a second preset rule based on the ID of the target port, matching a second protocol corresponding to the target bus through the first preset rule, and packaging the data information by adopting the second protocol to form a second data unit;

and the forwarding module is used for sending the second data unit to the target port through the target bus.

Optionally, the plurality of buses comprises at least one ethernet bus, at least one CAN bus, at least one SPI bus, at least one LIN bus, and at least one UART bus;

the first preset rule is a bus protocol description table, and the bus protocol description table comprises a mapping relation between each bus in the plurality of buses and a corresponding protocol thereof;

the second preset rule is a preset static routing table, and the static routing table includes a mapping relation from the first data unit in each bus to other buses.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method comprises the steps of matching a first protocol corresponding to a current bus through a preset first rule, analyzing a first data unit sent from a source port in the current bus through the first protocol, obtaining data information in the first data unit and a target bus where an ID (identity) of a target port is located, matching a second protocol corresponding to the target bus through a second preset rule, packaging the analyzed data information through the second protocol, sending the packaged data information to the target port of the target bus, meeting the routing of data unit transmission among different buses through a multi-protocol conversion and multi-bus static routing method, and improving the efficiency of data exchange and transmission.

Furthermore, for open Ethernet port connection, the security of accessing an external open network into an internal network of a vehicle body is increased by establishing connection through security authentication and adopting a temporary secret key for ciphertext communication.

The apparatus of the present invention has other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain certain principles of the invention.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.

Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of the steps of a multi-bus hybrid routing method according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a gateway apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a gateway device; 2. a receiving module; 3. an analysis module; 4. a protocol conversion module; 5. and a forwarding module.

Detailed Description

The gateway in the existing vehicle-mounted network mainly aims at the routing of CAN network messages, and the design of a routing table mainly considers the interaction of CAN. Some complex hybrid gateways basically only implement routing forwarding between the same networks, such as a gateway combining ethernet switching, CAN switching, ethernet switching, and CAN network, but the forwarding between CAN and ethernet is mainly completed by the self-analysis of each access network. Resulting in inefficient routing and forwarding of signals between different buses.

The multi-bus hybrid routing method and the gateway device define a static routing scheme of a multi-bus and multi-protocol vehicle body network, expand a method and a mode for accessing a gateway in the vehicle body network and a method for routing each bus on the basis of the current CAN static routing, and CAN meet the requirement of efficient routing of signals among different buses.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, a multi-bus hybrid routing method according to the present invention includes:

s1: receiving a first data unit from a source port in a current bus;

s2: matching a first protocol corresponding to the current bus through a first preset rule, and analyzing the first data unit by adopting the first protocol to acquire data information in the first data unit and the ID of the target port;

s3: matching a target bus where the target port is located through a second preset rule based on the ID of the target port, wherein the type of the target bus is different from that of the current bus;

s4: matching a second protocol corresponding to the target bus through a first preset rule, and packaging the data information by adopting the second protocol to form a second data unit;

s5: and sending the second data unit to the target port through the target bus.

Specifically, a first protocol corresponding to a current bus is matched through a preset first rule, a first data unit sent from a source port in the current bus is analyzed through the first protocol, after data information in the first data unit and a target bus where an ID (identity) of a target port is located are obtained, a second protocol corresponding to the target bus is matched through a second preset rule, the analyzed data information is packaged through the second protocol and sent to the target port of the target bus, routing of data unit transmission among different buses is met through a multi-protocol conversion and multi-bus static routing method, and data exchange and transmission efficiency is improved.

In this embodiment, the first preset rule is a bus protocol description table, where the bus protocol description table includes a mapping relationship between each bus and its corresponding protocol. In a specific implementation process, a bus protocol description table defined based on types of a plurality of buses is needed, wherein the bus protocol description table includes a mapping relation between the buses and the protocols, and specific message information can be analyzed from the protocol corresponding to the bus through the bus protocol description table. The bus protocol description table of the present embodiment is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

	Bus b1	Bus b2	Bus b3	...	Bus bn
						Protocol p1	X
Protocol p2	X		X
						...
Protocol pm		X

In this embodiment, the second preset rule is a preset static routing table, where the static routing table includes routing relationships from messages or signals in different buses to other buses. In the specific implementation process, a static routing table is required to be configured first, the table is a description file of routing interaction and signal event triggering of message information among different buses, and messages received on different buses can be forwarded to other buses according to the table. The static routing mode based on the static routing table is basically the same as the policy of the existing static routing gateway, and is not described herein again.

Further, referring to table 1, a normal packet routing process is as follows: the data from the bus b1 is received, the data ID is obtained after the data is analyzed through the protocol p2, the obtained information is inquired in the static routing table and needs to be forwarded to the bus bn, and the data is packaged and sent to the bus bn through the protocol p 1. The normal signal routing process is as follows: and receiving data from the bus b2, analyzing the data through the protocol pm to obtain a signal, finding out the corresponding message ID packaging the forwarding signal through the static routing table, corresponding to the bus b3 and the protocol p2, and packaging and sending the packet to the b3 bus.

In one example, the plurality of buses includes at least one ethernet bus, at least one CAN bus, at least one SPI (serial peripheral interface) bus, at least one LIN bus, and at least one UART (universal asynchronous receiver transmitter) bus. The CAN bus, the SPI bus, the LIN bus and the UART bus belong to network buses in a vehicle body, generally, a vehicle body control domain, a power domain, an auxiliary driving domain and the like are CAN networks, so that the CAN buses are multiple, the UART is used for communication between a host and auxiliary equipment, such as communication between an automobile sound and an external AP (access point), generally one, and the SPI bus is used for full-duplex and synchronous serial communication between a controller and various peripheral devices, generally one.

In one example, receiving a first data unit from a source port in a current bus comprises:

when the current bus is a CAN bus, receiving a CAN message from a CAN port;

when the current bus is the UART bus, the UART data frame from the UART port is received.

In one example, before receiving an ethernet packet from an ethernet port, the method further includes:

receiving an access request of an Ethernet port;

sending a random number message to an Ethernet interface;

judging whether the authentication message is correct or not;

if the authentication is correct, the security authentication is passed, and the encrypted temporary secret key and the validity period of the temporary secret key are sent to the Ethernet port;

Specifically, for one-time network access opening through an ethernet port, a service port needs to be established in a multi-bus network, a link request is made, a random message is sent, a requester calculates an authentication message according to a random number and returns, after the authentication message is confirmed to be correct, an encrypted key and a key validity period are sent, and ciphertext communication is started. And after the validity period expires, rejecting the received message and requiring re-authentication.

In one example, receiving an ethernet message encrypted by an ethernet port based on a temporary key during a validity period further includes:

and monitoring the frequency of sending the Ethernet message of the Ethernet port in the valid period, and disconnecting the Ethernet port if the frequency exceeds a preset value.

Specifically, for the route access of the external link, the safety of the internal network of the vehicle body is improved by monitoring the sending frequency of the Ethernet port message. In the specific implementation process, flow control and filtering can be set for a key network of the vehicle body, for example, functions such as flow control and ID filtering are set for the ID of a key target port, and the network is prevented from being attacked by an external network.

In one example, encapsulating the data information using a second protocol to form a second data unit includes:

when the target bus is an Ethernet bus, encrypting the data information by adopting a temporary secret key, and packaging the encrypted data information by adopting an Ethernet bus protocol to form an Ethernet message;

when the target bus is a CAN bus, packaging data information by adopting a CAN bus protocol to form a CAN message;

when the target bus is an LIN bus, the analyzed data information is encapsulated by adopting an LIN bus protocol to form an LIN data frame;

Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a gateway device 1, where a plurality of buses are connected to the gateway device, and the gateway device includes:

the receiving module 2 is configured to receive a first data unit from a source port in a current bus;

the analysis module 3 is used for matching a first protocol corresponding to the current bus through a first preset rule, and analyzing the first data unit by adopting the first protocol to acquire data information in the first data unit and an ID (identity) of a target port, wherein the type of the target bus is different from that of the current bus;

the protocol conversion module 4 is used for matching a target bus where the target port is located through a second preset rule based on the ID of the target port, matching a second protocol corresponding to the target bus through a first preset rule, and packaging data information by adopting the second protocol to form a second data unit;

and the forwarding module 5 is configured to send the second data unit to the target port through the target bus.

In a specific implementation process, related functional modules may be developed according to the technical scheme of the present invention, which is easy to implement by those skilled in the art and will not be described herein again.

In one example, the plurality of buses includes at least one ethernet bus, at least one CAN bus, at least one SPI bus, at least one LIN bus, and at least one UART bus; the first preset rule is a bus protocol description table, and the bus protocol description table comprises a mapping relation between each bus in the plurality of buses and a corresponding protocol; the second preset rule is a preset static routing table, and the static routing table comprises a mapping relation of the first data unit in each bus to other buses.

Referring to fig. 2, the gateway apparatus 1 in this embodiment is connected with four ethernet buses (eth1, eth2, eth3, eth4), four CAN buses (CAN0, CAN1, CAN2, CAN3), one SPI bus, and one UART bus.

The analysis flow of each bus is as follows:

A) ethernet access flow

(1) Each Ethernet port is fixed with an IP, the gateway device 1 has an IP, and a TCP server program is established in the gateway device 1;

(2) the terminal requests a TCP link, the gateway device 1 searches a communication protocol and an internal key according to the source IP;

(3) the gateway apparatus 1 transmits a random number to the device terminal;

(4) the terminal returns authentication information according to the random number;

(5) after the gateway passes the authentication, returning the encrypted key, the encryption algorithm and the validity period of the key to the terminal;

(6) the gateway starts normal message receiving, selects protocol (Ethernet protocol) according to the port and analyzes;

(7) if the corresponding message can not be found in the routing table, discarding and disconnecting the network connection;

(8) if the sending frequency of the routing message exceeds 50 percent for a long time, the network connection is disconnected.

B) And for CAN bus data, directly receiving messages.

C) For SPI bus data, an SPI data frame is received and analyzed according to a protocol (SPI protocol);

D) the UART network receives the UART data frame and analyzes the UART data frame according to a protocol (UART protocol);

the routing policy of the gateway device is substantially the same as that of the static routing gateway. Namely finding out the corresponding target port ID, finding out whether the signal message is analyzed in the static routing table according to the ID, and carrying out signal routing or message routing.

The specific gateway routing policy is as follows:

(1) if the forwarded target port is an SPI port, framing according to an SPI network protocol and sending to an SPI bus;

(2) if the forwarded target port is an Ethernet port, encrypting according to the temporary key of the corresponding port, packaging according to an Ethernet protocol, and sending to the corresponding link;

(3) if the forwarded target port is the CAN port, the message is directly sent to the corresponding port.

(4) And if the forwarded target port is the UART port, transmitting the target port to the UART bus according to the UART protocol package.

Further, when the bandwidth of a certain bus network in the gateway device 1 is large, the gateway ports can be expanded to record the network messages of the entire vehicle as a part of a vehicle black box. Some bus networks may also be extended to allow multi-frame transmissions at once, which may alleviate the network load due to protocol redundancy fields.

In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention expands a multi-protocol and multi-bus static routing method on the basis of a simple CAN network static routing, and simultaneously adds functions of verification, authentication, encryption and the like, thereby providing a safe and efficient routing gateway for a complex network in a future vehicle.

Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A multi-bus hybrid routing method, comprising:

receiving a first data unit from a source port in a current bus;

and sending the second data unit to the target port through the target bus.

2. The multi-bus hybrid routing method of claim 1, wherein matching a first protocol corresponding to the current bus by a first preset rule comprises:

and matching a first protocol corresponding to the current bus through a preset bus protocol description table, wherein the bus protocol description table comprises a mapping relation between each bus in the plurality of buses and the corresponding protocol.

3. The multi-bus hybrid routing method according to claim 1, wherein the second predetermined rule is a predetermined static routing table, and the static routing table comprises a mapping relationship of the first data unit routing in each bus to other buses.

4. The multi-bus hybrid routing method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of buses comprises at least one ethernet bus, at least one CAN bus, at least one SPI bus, at least one LIN bus, and at least one UART bus.

5. The multi-bus hybrid routing method of claim 4, wherein receiving the first data unit from the source port in the current bus comprises:

when the current bus is a CAN bus, receiving a CAN message from a CAN port;

6. The multi-bus hybrid routing method according to claim 5, further comprising, before receiving the ethernet packet from the ethernet port:

receiving an access request of the Ethernet port;

sending a random number message to the Ethernet interface;

judging whether the authentication message is correct or not;

7. The multi-bus hybrid routing method according to claim 6, wherein receiving the ethernet packet encrypted by the ethernet port based on the temporary key in the validity period further comprises:

8. The multi-bus hybrid routing method of claim 6, wherein encapsulating the data information using the second protocol to form a second data unit comprises:

9. A gateway device to which a plurality of buses are connected, comprising:

10. The gateway apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of buses includes at least one ethernet bus, at least one CAN bus, at least one SPI bus, at least one LIN bus, and at least one UART bus;