CN111896927B - Communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantized sampling - Google Patents

Communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantized sampling Download PDF

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CN111896927B
CN111896927B CN202010695012.6A CN202010695012A CN111896927B CN 111896927 B CN111896927 B CN 111896927B CN 202010695012 A CN202010695012 A CN 202010695012A CN 111896927 B CN111896927 B CN 111896927B
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radar
base station
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CN111896927A (en
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吕伟
邓斌
林强
周乐
王安乐
方其庆
金加根
刘根
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Air Force Early Warning Academy
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/411—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention provides a communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantized sampling, which comprises the following steps: the radar selects a communication base station for auxiliary detection according to the geographic position of the distance unit to be detected; the radar receives a base station communication signal which is transmitted by a communication base station and used for auxiliary detection through a high-speed communication network; the radar carries out 1-bit quantization sampling on the base station communication signal and the radar detection signal corresponding to the distance unit to be detected; and calculating a detection operator and a detection threshold, and comparing to confirm whether the distance unit to be detected has a target. According to the radar target detection method, the advantage of wide coverage range of the communication base station is utilized, the radar receives the radar detection signal echo and the base station communication signal echo at the same time, and the base station communication signal is used for further improving the radar detection performance; while using 1-bit quantized samples reduces power consumption during analog-to-digital conversion.

Description

Communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantized sampling
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar detection, and particularly relates to a communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantized sampling.
Background
In the radar detection process, the echo signal of the target needs to be sampled to change the analog signal into the digital signal, so that the radar signal processing system can detect the target. High-speed and high-precision analog-to-digital converters require large power consumption and are expensive. Therefore, it is considered to use an analog-to-digital converter with low cost and low conversion accuracy to sample the analog signal.
In addition, the radar realizes target detection by transmitting an electromagnetic wave signal and then receiving an electromagnetic wave signal reflected by a target. With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, the scale and coverage area of communication base stations are larger and larger, the base stations also continuously radiate communication signals outwards, and the communication signals of the base stations encounter targets and also have reflection phenomena. Therefore, the advantage of wide coverage of the communication base station can be utilized, and how to use the base station communication signal to further improve radar detection performance is considered.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantized sampling, which utilizes 1-bit quantized sampling and communication signals of a base station to improve radar detection performance and reduce power consumption during analog-to-digital conversion. The invention aims to improve radar detection performance by utilizing communication signals of a base station; while reducing power consumption during analog-to-digital conversion.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantization sampling, which detects each distance unit to be detected to determine whether there is a target, and specifically includes the following steps:
step S1: and the radar selects a communication base station for auxiliary detection according to the geographic position of the distance unit to be detected.
Assuming that n communication base stations around the distance unit to be detected exist, the position of the ith communication base station from the distance unit to be detected is d i The transmission power of the ith communication base station is p i Selecting
Figure BDA0002590714370000021
The communication base station with the largest value is used as the communication base station for auxiliary detection.
Step S2: the radar receives a base station communication signal for auxiliary detection transmitted by a communication base station for auxiliary detection through a high-speed communication network.
In the case of communication-assisted radar detection, the base station communication signal and the radar signal echo reflected by the target need to arrive at the radar at the same time. Because the distances from the communication base station and the radar to the distance unit to be detected are different, the communication base station needs to transmit base station communication signals for auxiliary detection to the radar through a high-speed communication network. Let the moment of radar transmitting the radar detection signal be t 1 The duration of the radar detection signal is T; the time for transmitting the radar detection signal to the distance unit to be detected is tau 1 The time for transmitting the communication signal of the assisted detection base station to the distance unit to be detected is tau 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The communication base station assisting the probing transmits a signal from (t 1 +τ 1 -τ 2 ) Starting at the moment, the base station with duration T communicates signals to the radar. The base station communication signal and the radar probe signal are assumed to be in the same frequency range.
Step S3: and the radar performs 1-bit quantization sampling on the base station communication signal and the radar detection signal corresponding to the distance unit to be detected.
Let the radar have N t Root transmitting antenna, N r The root receiving antenna is a linear array; the number of samples L in each received pulse, i.e. the duration T radar detection signal, is regarded as one pulse, as is the duration T base station communication signal. And when the radar detects the distance unit to be detected, the radar detection signal echo and the base station communication signal echo are received simultaneously. Sampling and digitizing radar detection signals as
Figure BDA0002590714370000022
S (l) is the first column vector of S, and the base station communication signal is sampled and digitized as +.>
Figure BDA0002590714370000023
C (l) is the first column element of C. Then, the signal x (l) received by the radar can be expressed as
Figure BDA0002590714370000024
Wherein l=1, …, L;
Figure BDA0002590714370000025
noise vector for the first sample and wherein element satisfies the mean 0 variance +.>
Figure BDA0002590714370000026
ξ r And xi c The radar cross sections of the targets for radar detection signals and base station communication signals are respectively shown; θ is the angle from the radar detection signal echo and the base station communication signal echo to the radar array surface; a, a r (θ) and a t (θ) is the receive steering vector and the transmit steering vector, respectively, of the radar array, (. Cndot.) T represents the transpose operation, and a r (θ) and a t (θ) has the form:
Figure BDA0002590714370000031
Figure BDA0002590714370000032
where lambda is the wavelength of the base station communication signal and the radar detection signal.
If the L sampled radar reception signals are written in matrix form, i.e., x= [ X (1) … X (L) ], there are
Figure BDA0002590714370000033
Wherein the method comprises the steps of
Figure BDA0002590714370000034
A noise matrix consisting of L sampled noise vectors; />
Figure BDA0002590714370000035
Is N t ×N t Is a matrix of units of (a); a' = [ a (θ), a r (θ)]；/>
Figure BDA0002590714370000036
Figure BDA0002590714370000037
Representing the matrix of received signals as a column vector +.>
Figure BDA0002590714370000038
I.e.
Figure BDA0002590714370000039
Where vec (·) is the vectorization operation,
Figure BDA00025907143700000310
is Kronecker product; />
Figure BDA00025907143700000311
Figure BDA00025907143700000312
Vector form of the received signal->
Figure BDA00025907143700000313
Written as real and imaginary parts, respectively, and 1-bit quantized as follows: />
Figure BDA00025907143700000314
Wherein Re (-) represents the real part taking operation and Im (-) represents the imaginary part taking operation; the sgn (x) function represents taking 1 when x.gtoreq.0, otherwise it is-1. Thus X is r Is a column vector consisting of 1 and-1。
Step S4: and calculating a detection operator and a detection threshold, and comparing to confirm whether the distance unit to be detected has a target.
From the following components
Figure BDA0002590714370000041
The real part and the imaginary part of (2) constitute a column vector->
Figure BDA0002590714370000042
The kth element of (2) is +.>
Figure BDA0002590714370000043
Let->
Figure BDA0002590714370000044
Figure BDA0002590714370000045
Figure BDA0002590714370000046
Wherein->
Figure BDA0002590714370000047
ln (·) is taken as natural logarithm, < >>
Figure BDA0002590714370000048
Is the noise variance.
Calculating a detection operator T r The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002590714370000049
wherein X is r,k Is X r Is the kth element of (c).
Calculating a detection threshold eta, wherein eta is the meeting detection probability P d And has the following detection threshold
Figure BDA00025907143700000410
Figure BDA00025907143700000411
When detecting operator T r If the detection distance unit is larger than the detection threshold eta, the detection distance unit is considered to have a target; otherwise, the detection distance unit is considered to have no target.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantitative sampling, the radar detection performance is further improved by using the base station communication signals by utilizing the advantage of wide coverage range of the communication base station; the use of 1-bit quantized samples reduces the power consumption in analog-to-digital conversion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of connection of communication-assisted radar target detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantisation sampling of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, the scale and coverage area of a communication base station are larger and larger, and the base station continuously radiates communication signals. The communication signals of these base stations can be used to improve the detection performance of the radar. The sampling of the analog signal can be realized by using an analog-to-digital converter with lower cost and low conversion precision, so that the power consumption can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, the radar emits a radar detection signal, and target detection is performed by using a radar detection signal echo. The base station transmits communication signals for communication, the communication signals of the base station are reflected after meeting targets, and the radar receives echoes of the communication signals of the base station. The radar and the base station are both connected to a high-speed communication network, the radar can acquire base station communication signals through the high-speed communication network, and the radar and the base station transmit data and control signals through the high-speed communication network. When the radar detects a target, the radar detection signal echo and the base station communication signal echo can be simultaneously utilized, so that communication-assisted radar target detection is realized. The high-speed communication network may be a 5G network, a fiber optic communication network, or the like capable of providing a low-latency, high-rate communication network.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantized sampling, including:
step S1: and the radar selects a communication base station for auxiliary detection according to the geographic position of the distance unit to be detected.
Assuming that n communication base stations around the distance unit to be detected exist, the position of the ith communication base station from the distance unit to be detected is d i The transmission power of the ith communication base station is p i Selecting
Figure BDA0002590714370000051
The communication base station with the largest value is used as the communication base station for auxiliary detection.
Step S2: the radar receives a base station communication signal for auxiliary detection transmitted by a communication base station for auxiliary detection through a high-speed communication network.
In the case of communication-assisted radar detection, the base station communication signal and the radar signal echo reflected by the target need to arrive at the radar at the same time. Because the distances from the communication base station and the radar to the distance unit to be detected are different, the communication base station needs to transmit base station communication signals for auxiliary detection to the radar through a high-speed communication network. Let the moment of radar transmitting the radar detection signal be t 1 The duration of the radar detection signal is T; the time for transmitting the radar detection signal to the distance unit to be detected is tau 1 The time for transmitting the communication signal of the assisted detection base station to the distance unit to be detected is tau 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The communication base station assisting the probing transmits a signal from (t 1 +τ 1 -τ 2 ) Starting at the moment, the base station with duration T communicates signals to the radar. Assume that a base station communication signal and a radar detection signalIn the same frequency range.
Step S3: and the radar performs 1-bit quantization sampling on the base station communication signal and the radar detection signal corresponding to the distance unit to be detected.
Let the radar have N t Root transmitting antenna, N r The root receiving antenna is a linear array; the number of samples L in each received pulse, i.e. the duration T radar detection signal, is regarded as one pulse, as is the duration T base station communication signal. And when the radar detects the distance unit to be detected, the radar detection signal echo and the base station communication signal echo are received simultaneously. Sampling and digitizing radar detection signals as
Figure BDA0002590714370000061
S (l) is the first column vector of S, and the base station communication signal is sampled and digitized as +.>
Figure BDA0002590714370000062
C (l) is the first column element of C. Then, the signal x (l) received by the radar can be expressed as
Figure BDA0002590714370000063
Wherein l=1, …, L;
Figure BDA0002590714370000064
noise vector for the first sample and wherein element satisfies the mean 0 variance +.>
Figure BDA0002590714370000065
ξ r And xi c The radar cross sections of the targets for radar detection signals and base station communication signals are respectively shown; θ is the angle from the radar detection signal echo and the base station communication signal echo to the radar array surface; a, a r (θ) and a t (θ) receive steering vector and transmit steering vector, respectively, of the radar array, (-) T Represents a transpose operation, and a r (θ) and a t (theta) has the following structureThe following forms:
Figure BDA0002590714370000066
/>
Figure BDA0002590714370000067
where lambda is the wavelength of the base station communication signal and the radar detection signal.
If the L sampled radar reception signals are written in matrix form, i.e., x= [ X (1) … X (L) ], there are
Figure BDA0002590714370000071
Wherein the method comprises the steps of
Figure BDA0002590714370000072
A noise matrix consisting of L sampled noise vectors; />
Figure BDA0002590714370000073
Is N t ×N t Is a matrix of units of (a); a' = [ a (θ), a r (θ)]；/>
Figure BDA0002590714370000074
Figure BDA0002590714370000075
Representing the matrix of received signals as a column vector +.>
Figure BDA0002590714370000076
I.e.
Figure BDA0002590714370000077
Where vec (·) is the vectorization operation,
Figure BDA0002590714370000078
is Kronecker product; />
Figure BDA0002590714370000079
Figure BDA00025907143700000710
Vector form of the received signal->
Figure BDA00025907143700000711
Written as real and imaginary parts, respectively, and 1-bit quantized as follows:
Figure BDA00025907143700000712
wherein Re (-) represents the real part taking operation and Im (-) represents the imaginary part taking operation; the sgn (x) function represents taking 1 when x.gtoreq.0, otherwise it is-1. Thus X is r Is a column vector consisting of 1 and-1.
Step S4: and calculating a detection operator and a detection threshold, and comparing to confirm whether the distance unit to be detected has a target.
From the following components
Figure BDA00025907143700000713
The real part and the imaginary part of (2) constitute a column vector->
Figure BDA00025907143700000714
The kth element of (2) is +.>
Figure BDA00025907143700000715
Let->
Figure BDA00025907143700000716
Figure BDA00025907143700000717
Figure BDA00025907143700000718
Wherein->
Figure BDA00025907143700000719
ln (·) is taken as natural logarithm, < >>
Figure BDA00025907143700000720
Is the noise variance.
Calculating a detection operator T r The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA00025907143700000721
wherein X is r,k Is X r Is the kth element of (c). />
Calculating a detection threshold eta, wherein eta is the meeting detection probability P d And has the following detection threshold
Figure BDA00025907143700000722
Figure BDA0002590714370000081
When detecting operator T r If the detection distance unit is larger than the detection threshold eta, the detection distance unit is considered to have a target; otherwise, the detection distance unit is considered to have no target.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantized sampling, comprising:
s1: the radar selects a communication base station for auxiliary detection according to the geographic position of the distance unit to be detected;
s2: the radar receives a base station communication signal which is transmitted by a communication base station and used for auxiliary detection through a high-speed communication network;
s3: the radar carries out 1-bit quantization sampling on the base station communication signal and the radar detection signal corresponding to the distance unit to be detected; the step S3 specifically includes:
vector form of received signals
Figure QLYQS_1
Written as real and imaginary parts, respectively, and 1-bit quantized into
Figure QLYQS_2
Wherein Re (-) represents the real part taking operation and Im (-) represents the imaginary part taking operation; the sgn (x) function represents that 1 is taken when x.gtoreq.0, otherwise-1, X r Is a column vector consisting of 1 and-1;
vector form of the received signal
Figure QLYQS_3
The method comprises the following steps:
the L sampled radar received signals are written in matrix form, i.e., X= [ X (1) … X (L)]Then there is
Figure QLYQS_4
Figure QLYQS_5
Wherein->
Figure QLYQS_6
A noise matrix consisting of L sampled noise vectors;
Figure QLYQS_7
Figure QLYQS_8
is N t ×N t Is a matrix of units of (a); a is that ′ ＝[A(θ),a r (θ)]；
Figure QLYQS_9
Representing a matrix of received signals as a column vector
Figure QLYQS_10
I.e.
Figure QLYQS_11
Where vec (·) is vectorization operation, +.>
Figure QLYQS_12
Is Kronecker product; />
Figure QLYQS_13
The L sampled radar receiving signals are specifically:
the signal received by the radar is expressed as
Figure QLYQS_14
Figure QLYQS_15
Wherein l=1, …, L; />
Figure QLYQS_16
S (l) is the first column element of S, S is the digitized representation of the radar detection signal, C (l) is the first column element of C, C is the digitized representation of the base station communication signal; />
Figure QLYQS_17
Noise vector for the first sample and wherein element satisfies the mean 0 variance +.>
Figure QLYQS_18
ξ r And xi c The radar cross sections of the targets for radar detection signals and base station communication signals are respectively shown; θ is the angle from the radar detection signal echo and the base station communication signal echo to the radar array surface; a, a r (θ) and a t (θ) receive steering vector and transmit steering vector, respectively, of the radar array, (-) T Represents a transpose operation, and a r (θ) and a t (θ) has the form:
Figure QLYQS_19
/>
Figure QLYQS_20
wherein lambda is the wavelength of the base station communication signal and the radar detection signal;
s4: and calculating a detection operator and a detection threshold, and comparing to confirm whether the distance unit to be detected has a target.
2. The method for communication-assisted radar target detection based on 1-bit quantized sampling according to claim 1, wherein said step S1 specifically comprises:
setting n communication base stations around the distance unit to be detected, wherein the position of the ith communication base station from the distance unit to be detected is d i The transmission power of the ith communication base station is p i Selecting
Figure QLYQS_21
The communication base station with the largest value is used as the communication base station for auxiliary detection.
3. The communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantized sampling according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises:
let the time of radar transmitting radar detection signal be t 1 The duration of the radar detection signal is T; the time for transmitting the radar detection signal to the distance unit to be detected is tau 1 The time for transmitting the communication signal of the assisted detection base station to the distance unit to be detected is tau 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The communication base station assisting the probing transmits a signal from (t 1 +τ 1 -τ 2 ) Starting at the moment, a base station communication signal with duration T is sent to the radar, wherein the base station communication signal and the radar detection signal are in the same frequency range.
4. The 1-bit quantized sampled communication-assisted radar target detection method of claim 1, wherein the digitized representation C of the radar detection signal and the digitized representation C of the base station communication signal are each:
let the radar have N t Root transmitting antenna, N r The root receiving antenna is a linear array; the number of samples in each received pulse is L, namely, the radar detection signal with the duration of T is regarded as one pulse, the base station communication signal with the duration of T can also be regarded as one pulse, when the radar detects a distance unit to be detected, the radar detection signal echo and the base station communication signal echo are received at the same time, and the radar detection signal is sampled and digitized to be expressed as
Figure QLYQS_22
S (l) is the first column vector of S, and the base station communication signal is sampled and digitized as +.>
Figure QLYQS_23
C (l) is the first column element of C.
5. The method for communication-assisted radar target detection based on 1-bit quantized sampling according to claim 1, wherein said step S4 specifically comprises:
when detecting operator T r If the detection distance unit is larger than the detection threshold eta, the detection distance unit is considered to have a target; otherwise, the detection distance unit is considered to have no target.
6. The communication-assisted radar target detection method based on 1-bit quantized samples according to claim 5, wherein the detection operator T r The method comprises the following steps:
Figure QLYQS_25
wherein X is r,k Is X r Is defined by +.>
Figure QLYQS_27
Real and imaginary parts of (2)Part constitution column vector->
Figure QLYQS_29
The kth element of (2) is +.>
Figure QLYQS_26
Order the
Figure QLYQS_28
Figure QLYQS_30
Wherein->
Figure QLYQS_31
ln (·) is taken as natural logarithm, < >>
Figure QLYQS_24
Is the noise variance. />
7. The method for communication-assisted radar target detection based on 1-bit quantized sampling according to claim 6, wherein the detection threshold η is p, which satisfies a detection probability d And has the following detection threshold
Figure QLYQS_32
/>
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