CN111896726A - System and method for detecting toxicity of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex - Google Patents
System and method for detecting toxicity of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex Download PDFInfo
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- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N (1R)-cis-(alphaS)-cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 239000005944 Chlorpyrifos Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorpyrifos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of toxicity detection of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complexing agents, and discloses a system and a method for detecting toxicity of a chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complexing agent, wherein the system for detecting toxicity of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complexing agent comprises the following components: the device comprises a microscopic image acquisition module, a microscopic image enhancement module, a pesticide stock solution preparation module, a central control module, a selection module, a dilution module, a comparison module, a recording module, a mortality statistic analysis module, a data storage module and a display module. According to the invention, the definition of microscopic image data is improved through the microscopic image enhancement module; meanwhile, the method for preparing the beta-cypermethrin uses crude oil of the beta-cypermethrin as a starting material, guanidine compounds as a catalyst and alkane solvents to replace alcohols to prepare the beta-cypermethrin, so that inactive isomers in the crude oil of the beta-cypermethrin are converted into high-activity isomers, and the quality of the beta-cypermethrin is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of toxicity detection of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complexing agents, and particularly relates to a system and a method for detecting toxicity of a chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complexing agent.
Background
Chlorpyrifos (Chlorpyrifos) is a high-efficiency, broad-spectrum, moderate-toxicity organophosphorus insecticide. Chlorpyrifos is widely applied to the prevention and the treatment of agricultural and urban pests as one of main substitute varieties of high-toxicity pesticides such as methamidophos, omethoate and the like, has triple effects of contact poisoning, stomach poisoning and fumigation on the pests, and has diversified using modes including spraying, root irrigation, soil treatment and the like. However, the pesticide is easy to combine with organic matters in soil, has strong leaching and migration capacity, often enters a water environment through surface runoff, groundwater infiltration and other modes, and seriously affects the food chain in an aquatic ecosystem through biological enrichment and biological amplification. Beta-cypermethrin is a broad-spectrum pyrethroid pesticide and has high insecticidal activity on various pests. Because the beta-cypermethrin is stable in air, neutral or slightly acidic medium, a large amount of residual is accumulated in the water body, and then the aquatic organisms and the living environment thereof are adversely affected. In the using process of the pesticide, binary mixing of the organophosphorus pesticide and the pyrethroid pesticide is a common mixing mode and plays an important role in mixing the pesticide in China. Because the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin are mixed to be used, the synergistic effect on agricultural pests is remarkable, and the mixture of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin is widely applied to agricultural production. With the increase of the usage amount of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin, the pollution level of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin shows a continuously increasing trend, and the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin often enter the environment simultaneously or successively, so that the ecological environment is influenced, and potential threats are brought to human health and the ecological environment.
Gobiocypris rarus (Gobiocypris rarus) is a unique freshwater fish in China, is mainly distributed in ditches and the like of branches of Yangtze river basin, and has the advantages of small size, convenience in feeding, wide temperature application range, strong reproductive capacity, continuous spawning, transparent egg membranes and the like. In the 90 s of the 20 th century, the institute of aquatic organisms, academy of sciences, china, began conducting basic biological research on the plants. In 2003, the 'environmental management method of new chemical substances' issued by China clearly stipulates that the 'ecotoxicological data of new chemical substances must include test data completed by test organisms of China in China', wherein gobiocypris rarus should be selected as a test organism in toxicity tests of fish. Therefore, developing the toxicological relevant evaluation of the pesticide on gobiocypris rarus has an important guiding function for protecting the ecological environment of China.
In actual water environment, a plurality of pesticides exist in a mixture mode, and the combined effect generated by pesticide mixed pollution is wide in existence instead of single pesticide pollution. Traditional evaluation methods using environmental effects of single compounds may underestimate the risk of damage and potential threats of pesticides in the actual environment. Therefore, when the toxicity effect of common pesticides in production is researched, the interaction among the multiple components is considered, so that the method has important practical value for environmental pollution control, risk assessment and the like, and the established evaluation standard can reflect the objective requirement on the environmental quality more truly. At present, a great deal of research is carried out on the toxic action characteristics of a single compound of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin by many scholars at home and abroad, but based on the fact that the ecological threat of coexistence of the two pollutants in the actual environment is prominent day by day, few research reports are carried out on the toxic effect and the action type of the toxic effect under the composite pollution. The early life stage of organisms is usually sensitive to pollutants, and the development of early life stage research has important guiding significance for protecting the whole life cycle. At present, it is internationally generally accepted that the use of fish in early life stages in toxicity testing is not limited by animal welfare related regulations. Meanwhile, because the toxicity data of the early life stage of the fish and the traditional acute toxicity of the fish have good correlation, the research on the toxicity of the early life stage of the fish is very important. Although toxicity of pesticides to gobiocypris rarus has been reported, most of them are limited to single pesticide evaluation. Therefore, the technology for evaluating the composite exposure toxicity effect of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin on gobiocypris rarus is very necessary, a scientific basis can be provided for composite ecological risk evaluation, and a methodological reference is provided for the toxicity characteristic research of composite pollution of other pollutants. However, microscopic images acquired by the existing toxicity detection system for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complexing agent are not clear; meanwhile, the adopted pesticide stock solution has poor quality of the beta-cypermethrin, so that the detection result is influenced.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: microscopic images acquired by the existing toxicity detection system for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex are unclear; meanwhile, the adopted pesticide stock solution has poor quality of the beta-cypermethrin, so that the detection result is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for detecting the toxicity of a chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex.
The invention is realized in such a way that the toxicity detection method of the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex agent comprises the following steps:
acquiring a microscopic image of a chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex to be detected through a stereo microscope; enhancing the acquired microscopic image to be detected of the complexing agent by an image enhancement program:
(I) converting the real microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complex agent to be detected into a virtual image through an image enhancement program;
(II) transferring the style of the real microscopic image to the virtual image by a style transfer method;
(III) obtaining corresponding semantic labels from each semantic area of the virtual image according to the computational simulation characteristics of the virtual image, and combining the virtual image with the real microscopic image style and the corresponding semantic labels to form labeled image data so as to train an image analysis model.
Step two, preparing the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin composite by a pesticide preparation device, and subpackaging the mixture in equal amount to obtain a pesticide stock solution:
(1) dissolving cypermethrin crude oil in alkane, slowly heating to 45 ℃, and fully mixing to obtain a homogeneous phase; filtering to remove insoluble substances, and cooling to room temperature;
(2) stirring at 15 ℃, adding a guanidine compound, adding a little of beta-cypermethrin solid crystal seed, reacting at the temperature for 20 hours, then gradually cooling to 13 ℃, and keeping the temperature for reaction for 20 hours; then cooling to 11 ℃, and preserving the heat for 38 hours;
(3) then adding alkane solvent, cooling to 5 ℃, and preserving heat for 25 h; sampling and analyzing that the conversion rate of epimerization is 95%, slowly adding the prepared acid water with the pH value of 1-2 into the epimerized material under stirring, measuring the pH value to be less than 4, removing a water layer, washing to be neutral, stirring, standing and layering to obtain the beta-cypermethrin;
(4) mixing chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin prepared in the step (3) according to the weight ratio of 1: 3, uniformly mixing the components in the proportion and subpackaging the components in equal amount to obtain the pesticide stock solution.
Step three, selecting normally developed 3 d-incubated larval fish for experimental test by selecting equipment according to the enhanced microscopic image; during the experiment, a certain amount of pesticide stock solution is added, and then the pesticide stock solution is diluted by standard dilution water according to the geometric grade difference by 5-7 concentrations.
Step four, adopting a 24-hole cell culture plate as an exposure container, adding 1 fish fry into each hole, setting 3 repetitions for each concentration, wherein each repetition is 1 24-hole plate, injecting test liquid medicine into 20 holes, and taking the other 4 holes as cosolvent contrast; injecting standard dilution water into 24 holes of the blank control group, and setting 3 times of the blank control group; the medicinal liquid is replaced every 24h for 1 time.
Step five, recording the death rate of the fry after the fry is infected with the virus for 96 hours through a recording program; performing statistic analysis on the death rate data of gobiocypris rarus by using a data analysis program and DPS statistic analysis software according to a probability value analysis method, and calculating LC50And 95% confidence limits:
1) acquiring mortality data of the fry to be analyzed, and establishing a data segment decomposition regular expression and a data item name list corresponding to the data segment decomposition regular expression through a data analysis program;
2) performing data decomposition on the data segments in the larval mortality data to be analyzed according to the data segment decomposition regular expression to generate data item values, and associating the data item values with the data item name list to form intermediate data pairs corresponding to the data item names and the data item values;
3) and carrying out statistical analysis on the intermediate data pair according to a set statistical rule to obtain a gobiocypris rarus fry mortality data analysis result.
Step six, storing the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the statistical analysis result through a memory; and displaying the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the real-time data of the statistical analysis result through a display.
Further, in the step (I), the step (I) of converting the real microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex to be tested into a virtual image by an image enhancement program includes:
generating a virtual image of the real microscopic image by a simulation method;
the simulation method comprises the following steps: vertex motion simulation, phase field simulation, and three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation based on a Poise model.
Further, in the step (II), the style migration of the real microscopic image to the virtual image by the style migration method includes:
acquiring a real microscopic image as a reference image;
preprocessing the reference image and the virtual image to eliminate the difference of microscopic scale levels;
constructing a style migration network model, and training the constructed style migration network model by utilizing the preprocessed reference image and the preprocessed virtual image; the style migration network model is used for extracting image texture style characteristics;
and inputting the virtual image into the trained style migration network model, reconstructing the texture style characteristics of the virtual image, and synthesizing the virtual image with a real style.
Further, in the step (III), according to the computational simulation characteristics of the virtual image, obtaining corresponding semantic labels from each semantic region of the virtual image, and combining the virtual image with the real microscopic image style and the corresponding semantic labels to form labeled image data so as to train the image analysis model includes:
obtaining corresponding semantic labels from each semantic area of the virtual image according to the computational simulation characteristics of the virtual image, and combining the virtual image with the real microscopic image style and the corresponding semantic labels to form labeled image data as a labeled training sample;
training an image analysis model by utilizing a machine learning algorithm according to the obtained labeled training sample;
and acquiring a plurality of marked real image samples, and finely adjusting the image analysis model according to the plurality of marked real image samples.
Further, in the second step, the charging ratio of the cypermethrin crude oil, the alkane, the guanidine compound and the seed crystal is 110g to 110ml to 5g to 0.5g, and the alkane used for dissolving the cypermethrin crude oil accounts for 85 percent of the total dosage of the cypermethrin crude oil.
Further, in the fifth step, the mortality data of the larval fish to be analyzed in the step 1) is data with a boundary sign, the data segment decomposition regular expression is a regular expression for decomposing the data segment, and the data segment decomposition regular expression is defined according to punctuation marks.
Further, in step five, the performing statistical analysis on the intermediate data pair in step 3) to obtain a data analysis result includes:
acquiring a result field in a field table of statistical analysis results, wherein the result field comprises a field statistical formula and the field table of statistical analysis results comprises at least one result field;
and counting corresponding data in the intermediate data pairs according to a field statistical formula.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a toxicity detection system for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex, which uses the toxicity detection method for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex, wherein the toxicity detection system for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex comprises:
the device comprises a microscopic image acquisition module, a microscopic image enhancement module, a pesticide stock solution preparation module, a central control module, a selection module, a dilution module, a comparison module, a recording module, a mortality statistic analysis module, a data storage module and a display module.
The microscopic image acquisition module is connected with the central control module and is used for acquiring microscopic images of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complex agent to be detected through a stereo microscope;
the microscopic image enhancement module is connected with the central control module and is used for enhancing the acquired microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex agent to be detected through an image enhancement program;
the pesticide storage liquid preparation module is connected with the central control module and used for preparing chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin composite agents through the pesticide preparation device, and the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin composite agents are equivalently subpackaged and serve as pesticide storage liquid;
the central control module is connected with the microscopic image acquisition module, the microscopic image enhancement module, the pesticide stock solution preparation module, the selection module, the dilution module, the comparison module, the recording module, the mortality statistic analysis module, the data storage module and the display module and is used for controlling each module to normally work through the central processing unit;
the selecting module is connected with the central control module and used for selecting normally developed 3 d-incubated larval fish for testing through selecting equipment according to the enhanced microscopic image;
the dilution module is connected with the central control module and used for adding a certain amount of pesticide stock solution during testing, and then diluting the pesticide stock solution by 5-7 required concentrations step by step according to equal ratio grade differences by using standard dilution water;
the control module is connected with the central control module, a 24-hole cell culture plate is used as an exposure container, 1 fish fry is added into each hole, 3 repetitions are set for each concentration, each repetition is 1 24-hole plate, wherein 20 holes are injected with test liquid medicine, and the other 4 holes are used as cosolvent controls; injecting standard dilution water into 24 holes of the blank control group, and setting 3 times of the blank control group; changing the liquid medicine every 24h for 1 time;
the recording module is connected with the central control module and is used for recording the death rate of the fry after the fry is infected with the virus for 96 hours through a recording program;
a death rate statistical analysis module connected with the central control module and used for carrying out statistical analysis on the death rate data of the gobiocypris rarus by using the DPS statistical analysis software through a data analysis program according to a probability value analysis method and calculating LC50And its 95% confidence limit;
the data storage module is connected with the central control module and used for storing the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the statistical analysis result through the memory;
and the display module is connected with the central control module and is used for displaying the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the real-time data of the statistical analysis result through the display.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer program product stored on a computer readable medium, comprising a computer readable program, which when executed on an electronic device, provides a user input interface to implement the method for toxicity detection of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complexes.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the toxicity detection method for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention generates a virtual image of a real microscopic image through a microscopic image enhancement module; migrating the style of the real microscopic image to the virtual image by a style migration method; obtaining corresponding semantic labels from each semantic area of the virtual image according to the computational simulation characteristics of the virtual image, and combining the virtual image with a real microscopic image style and the corresponding semantic labels to form labeled image data so as to train an image analysis model; improving the definition of microscopic image data; according to the method, the data segment decomposition regular expression and the data item name list corresponding to the data segment decomposition regular expression are set according to the user analysis requirement, so that the decomposition and extraction of different requirements of the data to be analyzed are realized, and the universality of data analysis is improved. Meanwhile, the provided preparation method of the beta-cypermethrin takes crude oil of the beta-cypermethrin as a starting material, takes guanidine compounds as a catalyst, adopts alkane solvents to replace alcohols to prepare the beta-cypermethrin, converts inactive isomers in the crude oil of the beta-cypermethrin into high-activity isomers, and greatly improves the quality of the beta-cypermethrin.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting toxicity of a chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex agent provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a toxicity detection system for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex provided by an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1. a microscopic image acquisition module; 2. a microscopic image enhancement module; 3. a pesticide stock solution preparation module; 4. a central control module; 5. a selection module; 6. a dilution module; 7. a comparison module; 8. a recording module; 9. a mortality statistic analysis module; 10. a data storage module; 11. and a display module.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for enhancing a collected microscopic image of a chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex to be detected by an image enhancement program according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin composite by a pesticide preparation device and using the composite as a pesticide storage solution after equal amount of subpackaging, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for statistically analyzing the mortality data of gobiocypris rarus larva by using the DPS statistical analysis software according to the probability value analysis method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for detecting toxicity of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, acquiring a microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complex agent to be detected through a stereo microscope; and enhancing the acquired microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complex to be detected by an image enhancement program.
S102, preparing a chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin composite by using a pesticide preparation device, and subpackaging the mixture in equal amount to obtain a pesticide stock solution; the central processing unit controls the normal work of the toxicity detection system of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complexing agent.
S103, selecting normally developed 3d hatched fries for testing through selection equipment according to the enhanced microscopic image; during the test, a certain amount of pesticide stock solution is added, and then the pesticide stock solution is diluted by standard dilution water according to the geometric grade difference by 5-7 concentrations.
S104, adopting a 24-hole cell culture plate as an exposure container, adding 1 fish fry into each hole, setting 3 repeats for each concentration, wherein each repeat is 1 24-hole plate, injecting test liquid medicine into 20 holes, and taking the other 4 holes as cosolvent control; injecting standard dilution water into 24 holes of the blank control group, and setting 3 times of the blank control group; the medicinal liquid is replaced every 24h for 1 time.
S105, recording the death rate of the fry after the fry is infected with the virus for 96 hours through a recording program; performing statistic analysis on the death rate data of gobiocypris rarus by using a data analysis program and DPS statistic analysis software according to a probability value analysis method, and calculating LC50And its 95% confidence limit.
S106, storing the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the statistical analysis result through a memory; and displaying the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the real-time data of the statistical analysis result through a display.
As shown in fig. 2, the toxicity detection system for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the device comprises a microscopic image acquisition module 1, a microscopic image enhancement module 2, a pesticide stock solution preparation module 3, a central control module 4, a selection module 5, a dilution module 6, a comparison module 7, a recording module 8, a mortality statistic analysis module 9, a data storage module 10 and a display module 11.
The microscopic image acquisition module 1 is connected with the central control module 4 and is used for acquiring microscopic images of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complexing agent to be detected through a stereo microscope;
the microscopic image enhancement module 2 is connected with the central control module 4 and is used for enhancing the acquired microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex agent to be detected through an image enhancement program;
the pesticide storage liquid preparation module 3 is connected with the central control module 4 and is used for preparing chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin composite agents through a pesticide preparation device and serving as pesticide storage liquid after equivalent subpackaging;
the central control module 4 is connected with the microscopic image acquisition module 1, the microscopic image enhancement module 2, the pesticide stock solution preparation module 3, the selection module 5, the dilution module 6, the comparison module 7, the recording module 8, the mortality statistical analysis module 9, the data storage module 10 and the display module 11 and is used for controlling the normal work of each module through a central processing unit;
the selecting module 5 is connected with the central control module 4 and used for selecting normally developed 3 d-incubated larval fish for testing through selecting equipment according to the enhanced microscopic image;
the dilution module 6 is connected with the central control module 4 and used for adding a certain amount of pesticide stock solution during testing and then gradually diluting the pesticide stock solution by 5-7 required concentrations according to equal ratio step differences by using standard dilution water;
the control module 7 is connected with the central control module 4, 24-hole cell culture plates are used as exposure containers, 1 fish fry is added into each hole, 3 repetitions are set for each concentration, each repetition is 1 24-hole plate, 20 holes are filled with test liquid medicine, and the other 4 holes are used as cosolvent controls; injecting standard dilution water into 24 holes of the blank control group, and setting 3 times of the blank control group; changing the liquid medicine every 24h for 1 time;
the recording module 8 is connected with the central control module 4 and is used for recording the death rate of the fry after the fry is infected with the virus for 96 hours through a recording program;
mortality systemA score analysis module 9 connected with the central control module 4 and used for carrying out statistic analysis on the death rate data of the gobiocypris rarus by using the DPS statistic analysis software through a data analysis program and using a probability value analysis method to calculate LC50And its 95% confidence limit;
the data storage module 10 is connected with the central control module 4 and used for storing the acquired microscopic image, the recording result and the statistical analysis result through a memory;
and the display module 11 is connected with the central control module 4 and is used for displaying the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the real-time data of the statistical analysis result through a display.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The method for detecting the toxicity of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complexing agent provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1, and as a preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the method for enhancing the acquired microscopic image to be detected of the complexing agent by an image enhancement program comprises the following steps:
s201, converting the real microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complexing agent to be detected into a virtual image through an image enhancement program.
S202, the style of the real microscopic image is transferred to the virtual image through a style transfer method.
S203, obtaining corresponding semantic labels from each semantic area of the virtual image according to the computational simulation characteristics of the virtual image, and combining the virtual image with the real microscopic image style and the corresponding semantic labels to form labeled image data so as to train an image analysis model.
In step S201 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the image enhancement procedure converts the real microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex agent to be detected into a virtual image, which includes: generating a virtual image of the real microscopic image by a simulation method; the simulation method comprises the following steps: vertex motion simulation, phase field simulation, and three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation based on a Poise model.
The step S202 of migrating the style of the real microscopic image to the virtual image by the style migration method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
acquiring a real microscopic image as a reference image;
preprocessing the reference image and the virtual image to eliminate the difference of microscopic scale levels;
constructing a style migration network model, and training the constructed style migration network model by utilizing the preprocessed reference image and the preprocessed virtual image; the style migration network model is used for extracting image texture style characteristics;
and inputting the virtual image into the trained style migration network model, reconstructing the texture style characteristics of the virtual image, and synthesizing the virtual image with a real style.
Step S203 provided in the embodiment of the present invention obtains corresponding semantic labels from each semantic region of the virtual image according to the computational simulation characteristics of the virtual image, and combines the virtual image with the real microscopic image style and the corresponding semantic labels to form image data with labels, so as to train an image analysis model, including:
obtaining corresponding semantic labels from each semantic area of the virtual image according to the computational simulation characteristics of the virtual image, and combining the virtual image with the real microscopic image style and the corresponding semantic labels to form labeled image data as a labeled training sample;
training an image analysis model by utilizing a machine learning algorithm according to the obtained labeled training sample;
and acquiring a plurality of marked real image samples, and finely adjusting the image analysis model according to the plurality of marked real image samples.
Example 2
The method for detecting the toxicity of the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin composite provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1, and as a preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 4, the method for preparing the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin composite by using a pesticide preparation device provided by the embodiment of the invention and using the same amount of subpackaged composite as a pesticide stock solution comprises the following steps:
s301, dissolving cypermethrin crude oil in alkane, slowly heating to 45 ℃, and fully mixing to obtain a homogeneous phase; insoluble matter was removed by filtration, and the mixture was cooled to room temperature.
S302, stirring at 15 ℃, adding a guanidine compound, adding a small amount of beta-cypermethrin solid crystal seeds, reacting at the temperature for 20 hours, gradually cooling to 13 ℃, and reacting at the temperature for 20 hours; then the temperature is reduced to 11 ℃, and the temperature is preserved for 38 hours.
S303, adding an alkane solvent, cooling to 5 ℃, and preserving heat for 25 hours; sampling and analyzing that the conversion rate of the epimerization is 95%, slowly adding the prepared acid water with the pH value of 1-2 into the epimerized material under stirring, measuring the pH value to be less than 4, removing a water layer, washing to be neutral, stirring, standing and layering to obtain the beta-cypermethrin.
S304, mixing chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin prepared in the step S303 according to the weight ratio of 1: 3, uniformly mixing the components in the proportion and subpackaging the components in equal amount to obtain the pesticide stock solution.
The charging ratio of the cypermethrin crude oil, the alkane, the guanidine compounds and the seed crystal provided by the embodiment of the invention is 110g to 110ml to 5g to 0.5g, and the alkane used for dissolving the cypermethrin crude oil accounts for 85 percent of the total dosage of the cypermethrin crude oil.
Example 3
The method for detecting toxicity of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complexing agent provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1, as a preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 5, the method for statistically analyzing the death rate data of gobiocypris rarus by using a data analysis program and DPS statistical analysis software according to a probability value analysis method comprises the following steps:
s401, obtaining mortality data of the fry to be analyzed, and establishing a data segment decomposition regular expression and a data item name list corresponding to the data segment decomposition regular expression through a data analysis program.
S402, performing data decomposition on the data segment in the larval mortality data to be analyzed according to the data segment decomposition regular expression to generate a data item value, and associating the data item value with the data item name list to form an intermediate data pair with a data item name corresponding to the data item value.
And S403, performing statistical analysis on the intermediate data pair according to a set statistical rule to obtain a gobiocypris rarus fry mortality data analysis result.
The larval fish mortality data to be analyzed in step S401 provided by the embodiment of the present invention are data with a boundary sign, the data segment decomposition regular expression is a regular expression for decomposing a data segment, and the data segment decomposition regular expression is defined according to a punctuation mark.
The step S403 of performing statistical analysis on the intermediate data pair to obtain a data analysis result in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
acquiring a result field in a field table of statistical analysis results, wherein the result field comprises a field statistical formula and the field table of statistical analysis results comprises at least one result field;
and counting corresponding data in the intermediate data pairs according to a field statistical formula.
The invention is further described below in connection with specific experiments.
1. Materials and methods
1.1 pesticide and reagent to be tested
The tested pesticide is chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin raw pesticide, and the purity is more than 95 percent. Tween-80 and N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) are analytical pure. The tested raw medicine is prepared into high-concentration stock solution by using Tween-80 and N, N-dimethylformamide.
The test water in the whole test process is standard dilution water which is prepared in a unified way, is saturated in oxygenation and is kept at the temperature of 26 +/-1 ℃, and is prepared by using an analytically pure reagent and double distilled water. The method for preparing the standard dilution water specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, calcium chloride solution is weighed with 11.76g of CaCl2·2H2Dissolving O in distilled water, and diluting to 1L; ② magnesium sulfate solution, weighing 4.93g MgSO4·7H2Dissolving O in distilled water, and diluting to 1L; ③ sodium bicarbonate solution, 2.59g NaHCO is weighed3Dissolving in distilled water, and diluting to 1L; and fourthly, weighing 0.23g of KCl, dissolving in distilled water, and diluting to 1L. Mixing the above 4 solutions 25mL each, and adding double distilled waterDilute to 1L. The standard dilution water should be aerated for more than 1 day before the test.
1.2 test organisms
Adult parent gobiocypris rarus is purchased from Jiangsu Wuxi Zhongke water quality environment technology limited company and raised in an indoor circulating culture system, and the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 7mgL-1. The artificial mixed feed is regularly fed for 2 times every day, and the fairy shrimp is added for 1 time. After feeding for 15min, the residual bait is timely sucked off, the water temperature is kept at 26 +/-1 ℃, the pH is controlled at 7.0 +/-0.5, and the light/dark ratio is 14h/10 h. The experimental fry is obtained by breeding adult parent gobiocypris rarus. The gobiocypris rarus fry used in the test is obtained after the hatching of the healthy embryos collected in the same batch.
1.3 toxicity test for Single pesticide Exposure
Selecting normally developed 3d gobiocypris rarus fry for testing. During the test, a certain amount of pesticide stock solution is added, and then the pesticide stock solution is gradually diluted by standard dilution water according to the geometric grade difference to obtain 5-7 concentrations. A24-well cell culture plate is used as an exposure container, 1 fry is added into each well, 3 replicates are arranged in each concentration, each replicate is 1 24-well plate, 20 wells of the 24-well plate are injected with test liquid medicine, and the other 4 wells are used as cosolvent controls. The blank group was set up in 3 replicates with 24 wells of standard dilution water. The medicinal liquid is replaced every 24h for 1 time. After 96h exposure, larval mortality was recorded. The death of the fry is characterized in that the fish tail is lightly touched by a glass rod, and no obvious movement is taken as the death standard. Adopting DPS statistical analysis software (version number: V15.10), and using probability value analysis method to make statistical analysis on the death rate data of gobiocypris rarus fry to obtain LC50And its 95% confidence limit.
1.4 composite Exposure toxicity test for pesticides
The toxicity of agricultural chemicals has been generally determined by the method of the same concentration, but in the actual environment, the mixed agricultural chemicals are rarely mixed in the same concentration. In consideration of the fact that the concentration ratio of the mixed pesticide in the water environment changes at different time and different regions, the concentration ratio of the two pesticides in the mixed system is designed to be 4:1, 3:2, 1:1, 2:3 and 1:4, can represent the concentration ratio of the mixed pesticide changing along with time and space, and is more suitable for the actual environment. At the above different toxicity ratiosIn the mixed pesticide system, 5-7 different concentrations are set at equal logarithmic intervals in each concentration ratio, and the contamination test method is the same as 1.3. After the pesticide is infected for 96 hours, respectively calculating LC of the two pesticides in a mixed system by adopting DPS software50The value and its 95% confidence limit.
1.5 test effectiveness
During the test, the temperature in the test vessel was maintained at 26 ± 1 ℃; at the end of the test, the survival rate of the larval fish in the blank control group is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the dissolved oxygen content of the solutions in the blank control group and the highest concentration treatment group is more than or equal to 80 percent of the air saturation value.
1.6 method for evaluating composite exposure effect of pesticide
According to a Marking additive index method and improvement, the influence of the compound exposure of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin on the toxicity of gobiocypris rarus fries is evaluated. The sum of the biotoxicity effects S is determined using the following equation: s ═ Am/Ai + Bm/Bi, where Am and Bm are the toxicity of the individual pesticides in the mixed system (LC)50) Ai and Bi are toxicity (LC) of A and B pesticides, respectively, when applied alone50) (ii) a Convert S to additive index AI (additive index). When S is less than or equal to 1, AI is (1/S) -1.0; when S is>When 1, AI is 1.0-S. Finally, the AI value is used for evaluating the composite effect of the pesticide, when the AI value is-0.2<AI<Addition at 0.25; synergistic effect (synergy) when AI is more than or equal to 0.25; antagonism was observed when AI was ≦ 0.2 (Antagonism). The toxicity increased by a factor of AI + 1.
Because AI 0 is the adding action in the Marking adding index method, in the actual research, the AI 0 rarely occurs, the research adopts the adding action when-0.2 < AI <0.25, and sets an interval for the adding action by the AI value, which is more in line with the actual situation.
2. Results and analysis
During the test period, the temperature in the test container is maintained at 25.37-26.79 ℃; at the end of the test, the survival rate of the larval fish in the blank control group is 93.38 +/-3.16%, and the dissolved oxygen content of the solutions in the blank control group and the highest concentration treatment group is more than or equal to 83.4% of the air saturation value. The test is effective and meets the quality control requirement.
The toxicity influence result of the single pair of gobiocypris rarus fry of agricultural chemicals shows that: in the determination ofThe mortality rate of the larval fish is increased along with the increase of the contamination concentration within the pesticide concentration range of (2). LC for gobiocypris rarus larva after 96h exposure when chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin act independently50And 95% confidence limits of 0.31 (0.18-0.43) mga.i.L-1And 0.041 (0.034-0.052) mga.i.L-1It was suggested that the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin to gobiocypris rarus is significantly greater than that of chlorpyrifos alone when exposed to a single dose (see table 1).
The result of the toxicity influence of the mixed pesticide on gobiocypris rarus fry shows that: when the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin are mixed at different concentrations, the AI value of the toxicity to the gobiocypris rarus is 5.70-10.96, namely the toxicity increase multiple is 6.70-11.96, which suggests that the two pesticides generate obvious synergistic effect on the toxicity of the gobiocypris rarus, namely the toxicity to the gobiocypris rarus is increased when the two pesticides are mixed (see table 1).
TABLE 1 Chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin combined action toxic Effect on gobiocypris rarus
a. LC for toxicity of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin to gobiocypris rarus fry when being used alone50(95% confidence limit).
b. LC for toxicity of gobiocypris rarus fry in combined action of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin50(95% confidence limit).
c. And adding the exponent values.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When used in whole or in part, can be implemented in a computer program product that includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded or executed on a computer, cause the flow or functions according to embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.)). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that includes one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for detecting the toxicity of the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a microscopic image of a chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex to be detected through a stereo microscope; enhancing the acquired microscopic image to be detected of the complexing agent by an image enhancement program: (I) converting the real microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complex agent to be detected into a virtual image through an image enhancement program;
(II) transferring the style of the real microscopic image to the virtual image by a style transfer method;
(III) acquiring corresponding semantic labels from each semantic area of the virtual image according to the computational simulation characteristics of the virtual image, and combining the virtual image with the real microscopic image style and the corresponding semantic labels to form labeled image data so as to train an image analysis model;
step two, preparing the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin composite by a pesticide preparation device, and subpackaging the mixture in equal amount to obtain a pesticide stock solution: (1) dissolving cypermethrin crude oil in alkane, slowly heating to 45 ℃, and fully mixing to obtain a homogeneous phase; filtering to remove insoluble substances, and cooling to room temperature;
(2) stirring at 15 ℃, adding a guanidine compound, adding a little of beta-cypermethrin solid crystal seed, reacting at the temperature for 20 hours, then gradually cooling to 13 ℃, and keeping the temperature for reaction for 20 hours; then cooling to 11 ℃, and preserving the heat for 38 hours;
(3) then adding alkane solvent, cooling to 5 ℃, and preserving heat for 25 h; sampling and analyzing that the conversion rate of epimerization is 95%, slowly adding the prepared acid water with the pH value of 1-2 into the epimerized material under stirring, measuring the pH value to be less than 4, removing a water layer, washing to be neutral, stirring, standing and layering to obtain the beta-cypermethrin;
(4) mixing chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin prepared in the step (3) according to the weight ratio of 1: 3, uniformly mixing the components in the proportion and performing equivalent subpackaging to obtain a pesticide stock solution;
step three, selecting normally developed 3 d-incubated larval fish for experimental test by selecting equipment according to the enhanced microscopic image; adding a certain amount of pesticide stock solution during an experiment, and then diluting the pesticide stock solution by 5-7 concentrations step by step according to the geometric grade difference by using standard dilution water;
step four, adopting a 24-hole cell culture plate as an exposure container, adding 1 fish fry into each hole, setting 3 repetitions for each concentration, wherein each repetition is 1 24-hole plate, injecting test liquid medicine into 20 holes, and taking the other 4 holes as cosolvent contrast; injecting standard dilution water into 24 holes of the blank control group, and setting 3 times of the blank control group; changing the liquid medicine every 24h for 1 time;
step five, recording the death rate of the fry after the fry is infected with the virus for 96 hours through a recording program; by data analysis programsCarrying out statistical analysis on the death rate data of gobiocypris rarus larva by using DPS statistical analysis software according to a probability value analysis method, and calculating LC50And 95% confidence limits: 1) acquiring mortality data of the fry to be analyzed, and establishing a data segment decomposition regular expression and a data item name list corresponding to the data segment decomposition regular expression through a data analysis program;
2) performing data decomposition on the data segments in the larval mortality data to be analyzed according to the data segment decomposition regular expression to generate data item values, and associating the data item values with the data item name list to form intermediate data pairs corresponding to the data item names and the data item values;
3) according to a set statistical rule, performing statistical analysis on the intermediate data pair to obtain a gobiocypris rarus fry mortality data analysis result;
step six, storing the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the statistical analysis result through a memory; and displaying the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the real-time data of the statistical analysis result through a display.
2. The toxicity testing method for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step one, the real microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex to be tested is converted into a virtual image by image enhancement procedure in step (I), comprising:
generating a virtual image of the real microscopic image by a simulation method;
the simulation method comprises the following steps: vertex motion simulation, phase field simulation, and three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation based on a Poise model.
3. The toxicity detection method for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex according to claim 1, characterized in that in step one, the style of the real microscopic image is migrated to the virtual image by the style migration method in step (II), which comprises:
acquiring a real microscopic image as a reference image;
preprocessing the reference image and the virtual image to eliminate the difference of microscopic scale levels;
constructing a style migration network model, and training the constructed style migration network model by utilizing the preprocessed reference image and the preprocessed virtual image; the style migration network model is used for extracting image texture style characteristics;
and inputting the virtual image into the trained style migration network model, reconstructing the texture style characteristics of the virtual image, and synthesizing the virtual image with a real style.
4. The toxicity detection method for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complexing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step one, the step (III) of obtaining corresponding semantic labels from each semantic area of the virtual image according to the calculation simulation characteristics of the virtual image, and combining the virtual image with the real microscopic image style and the corresponding semantic labels to form labeled image data to train the image analysis model comprises:
obtaining corresponding semantic labels from each semantic area of the virtual image according to the computational simulation characteristics of the virtual image, and combining the virtual image with the real microscopic image style and the corresponding semantic labels to form labeled image data as a labeled training sample;
training an image analysis model by utilizing a machine learning algorithm according to the obtained labeled training sample;
and acquiring a plurality of marked real image samples, and finely adjusting the image analysis model according to the plurality of marked real image samples.
5. The toxicity detection method of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step two, the dosage ratio of cypermethrin crude oil, alkane, guanidine compound and seed crystal is 110g:110ml:5g:0.5g, and the alkane used for dissolving cypermethrin crude oil accounts for 85% of the total dosage.
6. The toxicity detection method for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complexing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that in step five, the death rate data of the larval fish to be analyzed in step 1) is data with boundary marks, the data segment decomposition regular expression is a regular expression for decomposing data segments, and the data segment decomposition regular expression is defined according to punctuation marks.
7. The toxicity testing method for chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex according to claim 1, characterized in that in step five, the statistical analysis is performed on the intermediate data pairs in step 3) to obtain data analysis results, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a result field in a field table of statistical analysis results, wherein the result field comprises a field statistical formula and the field table of statistical analysis results comprises at least one result field;
and counting corresponding data in the intermediate data pairs according to a field statistical formula.
8. The toxicity detection system for the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex by applying the toxicity detection method for the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the microscopic image acquisition module is connected with the central control module and is used for acquiring microscopic images of the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin complex agent to be detected through a stereo microscope;
the microscopic image enhancement module is connected with the central control module and is used for enhancing the acquired microscopic image of the chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex agent to be detected through an image enhancement program;
the pesticide storage liquid preparation module is connected with the central control module and used for preparing chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin composite agents through the pesticide preparation device, and the chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin composite agents are equivalently subpackaged and serve as pesticide storage liquid;
the central control module is connected with the microscopic image acquisition module, the microscopic image enhancement module, the pesticide stock solution preparation module, the selection module, the dilution module, the comparison module, the recording module, the mortality statistic analysis module, the data storage module and the display module and is used for controlling each module to normally work through the central processing unit;
the selecting module is connected with the central control module and used for selecting normally developed 3 d-incubated larval fish for testing through selecting equipment according to the enhanced microscopic image;
the dilution module is connected with the central control module and used for adding a certain amount of pesticide stock solution during testing, and then diluting the pesticide stock solution by 5-7 required concentrations step by step according to equal ratio grade differences by using standard dilution water;
the control module is connected with the central control module, a 24-hole cell culture plate is used as an exposure container, 1 fish fry is added into each hole, 3 repetitions are set for each concentration, each repetition is 1 24-hole plate, wherein 20 holes are injected with test liquid medicine, and the other 4 holes are used as cosolvent controls; injecting standard dilution water into 24 holes of the blank control group, and setting 3 times of the blank control group; changing the liquid medicine every 24h for 1 time;
the recording module is connected with the central control module and is used for recording the death rate of the fry after the fry is infected with the virus for 96 hours through a recording program;
a death rate statistical analysis module connected with the central control module and used for carrying out statistical analysis on the death rate data of the gobiocypris rarus by using the DPS statistical analysis software through a data analysis program according to a probability value analysis method and calculating LC50And its 95% confidence limit;
the data storage module is connected with the central control module and used for storing the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the statistical analysis result through the memory;
and the display module is connected with the central control module and is used for displaying the acquired microscopic image, the recorded result and the real-time data of the statistical analysis result through the display.
9. A computer program product stored on a computer readable medium, comprising a computer readable program for providing a user input interface for implementing the method for toxicity detection of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed on an electronic device.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method for detecting toxicity of chlorpyrifos and beta-cypermethrin complex according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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