CN111896614B - Quality analysis and judgment method for bent section of U-shaped heat transfer pipe for nuclear steam generator - Google Patents
Quality analysis and judgment method for bent section of U-shaped heat transfer pipe for nuclear steam generator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quality analysis and judgment method for a bent section of a U-shaped heat transfer pipe for a nuclear steam generator. According to the invention, an amplitude signal at a tangent point of a bent section of the internal eddy current detection heat transfer pipe is used as a basis for detecting the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe, calibration is carried out through the sample pipe, and the eddy current curve in the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is compared with a calibration curve to carry out quality analysis and judgment on the bent section of the U-shaped pipe. Meanwhile, the quality analysis and judgment of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe are carried out in a comprehensive judgment mode of roundness, the reduction amount of the arch back wall thickness, the outer diameter value result of the horizontal vertical direction of the pipe, visual inspection, tactile inspection and the like. The method improves the qualification rate of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe, provides a reference basis for the safe operation of subsequent pipes in service, and simultaneously generates better economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power detection, and particularly relates to a quality analysis and judgment method for a bent section of a U-shaped heat transfer pipe for a nuclear power steam generator.
Background
A U-shaped heat transfer pipe for a nuclear power steam generator is a nuclear power key core component and is a nuclear two-loop pressure boundary. The pipe has small caliber, thin wall thickness and high heat exchange efficiency, and in the operation process, the inner wall and the outer wall have larger pressure difference and the inner wall needs to bear the risks of high temperature and high pressure and even radiation.
As a pipe manufacturing factory, the bending section generally only has the requirement of dimension acceptance, but does not have the requirements on the background noise of the vortex, the tangent point and the like. In-service inspection, signals of the bending section and the like have great influence on quality analysis and judgment,
the inner eddy current detection curve of the nickel-based alloy pipe has background noise. The effective detection of the defect signals in service inspection is influenced by overlarge background noise of the bending section, and the quality of the pipe is effectively ensured by controlling the noise signals in a lower range.
The main influence factors of the bending section background noise are as follows: the size uniformity of the bent pipe section after bending the pipe and the roughness of the inner surface of the pipe. Besides the size uniformity of the pipe, the pipe bending process has a large influence on noise.
In the stretch bending process, the main factors influencing the noise are the speed control of the bending pipe, the size precision of a bending die, the surface shrinkage of the outer surface of the pipe, and the hardness and the smoothness of the die.
In the push bending process, the main factors influencing noise are the speed of the equipment bending process, the size precision of a pipe bending die and the assembly precision; the stability of the pipe bending equipment, the gap between the driving wheel and the pipe, the motion consistency of the driving wheel and the driven wheel and the like.
After the heat transfer pipe is bent, a starting bending point and a final bending point (called tangent points) are formed on the bent pipe part, which are formed by the inherent action of the bending process, and obvious signal display appears at the starting bending point and the final bending point in the internal eddy current detection after the bending. The detection by internal eddy current is generally in the horizontal direction and has a certain voltage amplitude. Generally, the smaller the bending radius, the larger the tangent point signal for the same pipe diameter. The ovality of the tangent point and the deformation after bending of the pipe with the same pipe diameter and the same bending radius are the largest factors influencing the amplitude. Therefore, the quality of the deformation of the heat transfer pipe after bending can be judged through the detection of the amplitude at the tangent point.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for analyzing and judging the quality of a bent section of a U-shaped heat transfer pipe for a nuclear power steam generator, which can quickly and effectively judge the quality of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe aiming at the defect that the existing quality analysis method is not suitable for the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the quality analysis and judgment method for the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe for the nuclear power steam generator comprises the detection of the internal eddy current of the bent section, and is characterized in that the detection of the internal eddy current comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting defect-free pipes with different pipe diameters, different bending diameters and different wall thicknesses to process and calibrate sample pipes, wherein the sample pipes are artificially damaged and comprise flat-bottom holes and inner and outer wall ring grooves, manufacturing a phase damage depth curve, determining a starting bending point and a final bending point of a bending section according to an obvious peak value in the curve, taking amplitude signals of the starting bending point and the final bending point as recording amplitudes, setting rejection amplitudes according to the recording amplitudes, and the rejection amplitudes are larger than the recording amplitudes;
(2) carrying out internal eddy detection on the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected to obtain an internal eddy detection curve, and comparing the internal eddy detection curve with a corresponding phase damage depth curve of the sample pipe to determine whether damage exists or not and the damage depth;
meanwhile, comparing the obvious amplitude signals in the curve, and judging that the tangent point detection of the bent section is qualified when the amplitude signal of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is smaller than the recorded amplitude of the sample pipe; when the amplitude signal of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is greater than or equal to the recorded amplitude of the sample pipe and does not exceed the rejection amplitude, adopting a visual and tactile inspection and sample comparison mode to inspect and judge whether the detection of the tangent point of the bent section is qualified; and when the amplitude signal of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is greater than the rejection amplitude of the sample pipe, judging that the detection of the tangent point of the bent section is unqualified.
It is further characterized in that: determining the background noise according to the internal eddy detection curve of the sample tube, and comparing the background noise with the background noise of the internal eddy detection curve of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer tube to be detected; and judging that the internal eddy detection of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is unqualified if the background noise of the internal eddy detection curve of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is higher than that of the sample pipe.
Further: the determination method further comprises ovality detection, Q value detection and arch back wall thickness reduction amount detection.
The ovality detection is to measure the outer diameter of the tube in the horizontal and vertical directions from five positions of 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree and 180 degree of a starting bending point of the U-shaped tube heat transfer tube by an outer diameter micrometer and calculate the ovality value of the bending radius; the ovality calculation formula is (vertical direction outer diameter measured value-horizontal direction outer diameter measured value)/nominal outer diameter value multiplied by 100%;
the Q value is detected by measuring the outer diameter of the U-shaped tube heat transfer tube from any point of L value inner arc length at three positions of 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees through an outer micrometer, the maximum value-minimum value of the whole set of tube bundle is less than a set value, and the average value is within the tolerance range of the nominal size;
the detection of the arch back wall thickness reduction amount S is that a thickness gauge is adopted to measure the wall thickness of any five positions outside the outer arch back of five sections of 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees and 180 degrees of a bending part respectively, the minimum value is compared with Smin < cm for judgment, and C is equal to the nominal wall thickness of-0.08 mm.
Preferably, the following components: the filling coefficient of the probe for the internal eddy current detection meets 0.7-0.9.
When the internal eddy current is detected, on the basis of setting 40 degrees for 100% of through holes of the sample tube under the same detection frequency, the phase angle of 20% of flat-bottom holes is set to be 50-100 degrees.
The internal eddy current detection probe samples more than 2 sampling points per millimeter.
According to the invention, an amplitude signal at a tangent point of a bent section of the internal eddy current detection heat transfer pipe is used as a basis for detecting the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe, calibration is carried out through the sample pipe, and the eddy current curve in the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is compared with a calibration curve to carry out quality analysis and judgment on the bent section of the U-shaped pipe. Meanwhile, the quality analysis and judgment are carried out on the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe in a comprehensive judgment mode of ovality, the reduction of the arch back wall thickness, the outer diameter value result of the horizontal and vertical direction of the pipe, visual inspection, tactile inspection and the like. The method improves the qualification rate of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe, provides a reference basis for the safe operation of subsequent pipes in service, and simultaneously generates better economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The tube bending process generally includes two types of mandrel bending and coreless bending. The bending of the coreless rod includes two modes of stretch bending (or mold bending) and push bending. The bending and pushing are generally distinguished according to the bending radius of a U-shaped pipe, for example, the bending mode is used within the bending radius of less than 20 times of the diameter of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe for the nuclear power steam generator, and the pushing mode is generally used for pipes with the bending radius of not less than 20 times of the diameter.
A quality analysis and judgment method for a bent section of a U-shaped heat transfer pipe for a nuclear steam generator is used for analyzing and judging the quality of the bent section. The method is mainly used for carrying out quality analysis and judgment on the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe for the nuclear power evaporator according to the comprehensive judgment modes of pipe size inspection (ovality, arch back wall thickness reduction, pipe horizontal-lying vertical direction outer diameter value) results, inner-penetrating eddy current inspection, visual tactile inspection and the like.
1. And (3) detecting ellipticity:
selecting five parts of an external micrometer with proper range and qualified through calibration, measuring the external diameter of the pipe in the horizontal and vertical directions from 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree and 180 degree (final bending point) of the starting bending point of the U-shaped pipe, and calculating the ellipticity value of the bending radius.
The computer formula is as follows: (measured value in vertical direction-measured value in horizontal direction)/nominal outside diameter value X100%.
The ovality value is related to the bending radius, and the ovality set value is set according to different full radii. And if the ovality of the heat transfer pipe to be tested is less than a set value, judging the heat transfer pipe to be qualified.
Q value (outer diameter of the bent tube region of the U-shaped tube perpendicular to the horizontal direction):
and (3) selecting an external micrometer with a proper range and qualified through calibration to measure the external diameter from any point of the length of the inner arc of each L value (quantitative length) at the three positions of 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees of the U-shaped pipe, wherein the maximum value-minimum value of the whole set of pipe bundles (such as 6156 tubes of Hualong I) is less than 0.12mm, and the average value is within the tolerance range of the nominal size.
3. Arch back wall thickness reduction amount S:
respectively measuring the wall thickness of any five positions outside the extrados of five sections of 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees and 180 degrees of a bending part by adopting a portable ultrasonic thickness gauge, and taking the minimum value and S min Comparing and judging the smaller than Cmm (nominal wall thickness of-0.08 mm).
4. Detecting eddy current in the bending section:
4.1 sample tube and eddy current probe selection
According to the nominal outer diameter and wall thickness of the pipe, a defect-free pipe is selected to process and calibrate a sample pipe, the sample pipe is artificially damaged and comprises a flat-bottom hole, an inner wall annular groove and an outer wall annular groove, the depth of the flat-bottom hole of the outer wall needs to be covered by 0-100%, and a curve of the phase damage depth is conveniently manufactured in analysis.
According to the inner diameter of the pipe, selecting proper probe (coil) size, and generally requiring the filling coefficient to meet the requirement of 0.8-0.9 in order to ensure the signal quality and take the probe trafficability into consideration;
for a U-shaped pipe with extremely small bending radius, the U-shaped pipe is influenced by factors such as ovality, and the filling coefficient is generally required to be more than or equal to 0.7.
4.2 selection of detection frequencies
According to the vortex skin effect principle, the vortex penetration depth can be ensured to cover the whole pipe wall.
Under the same detection frequency, in order to ensure the clear confirmation of the phase angle, the phase angle of 20% flat bottom hole should be between 50-100 degrees on the basis of setting 40 degrees for 100% through holes of the sample tube.
On the basis of selecting the main frequency, selecting a proper auxiliary frequency, and analyzing and judging the signals by the aid of high-low frequency signals.
4.3 elbow Signal acquisition
Before data acquisition, reasonable sampling frequency needs to be set, and more than 2 sampling points per millimeter are confirmed. In order to ensure the signal quality, the probe is adopted to collect signals during recovery.
After signal acquisition, analyzing the acquired signals by using professional analysis software, manufacturing a phase wound depth curve according to signals such as a calibrated sample tube flat bottom hole and the like, and analyzing the signals one by one.
4.4 bent segment Signal analysis
4.4.1 bent-section noise floor analysis
The effective detection of the defect signals in service inspection is influenced by overlarge background noise of the bending section, and the quality of the pipe is effectively ensured by controlling the noise signals in a lower range.
The main influence factors of the bending section background noise are as follows: the size uniformity of the bent pipe section after bending the pipe and the roughness of the inner surface of the pipe. Besides the size uniformity of the pipe, the pipe bending process has a large influence on noise.
In the stretch bending process, the main factors influencing the noise are the speed control of the bending pipe, the size precision of a bending die, the surface shrinkage of the outer surface of the pipe, and the hardness and the smoothness of the die.
In the push bending process, the main factors influencing noise are the speed of the equipment bending process, the size precision of a pipe bending die and the assembly precision; the stability of the pipe bending equipment, the gap between the driving wheel and the pipe, the motion consistency of the driving wheel and the driven wheel and the like.
Determining the background noise according to the internal eddy detection curve of the sample tube, and comparing the background noise with the background noise of the internal eddy detection curve of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer tube to be detected; and judging that the internal eddy detection of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is unqualified if the background noise of the internal eddy detection curve of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is higher than that of the sample pipe.
4.4.2 analysis of the bending section tangent point signal
After bending, a starting bending point and a final bending point (called tangent points) are formed on the bent pipe part, and due to the inherent action of the bending process, obvious signal display appears at the starting bending point and the final bending point after bending. The detection by internal eddy current is generally in the horizontal direction and has a certain voltage amplitude. Generally, the smaller the bending radius, the larger the tangent point signal for the same pipe diameter. The ovality of the tangent point and the deformation after bending of the pipe with the same pipe diameter and the same bending radius are the largest factors influencing the amplitude. Therefore, the amplitude is set to a standard, the amplitude and the rejection amplitude are recorded, the buckling caused by the deformation is checked, and the point part is inspected visually and tactually.
Tangent point signal inspection requirement
| Radius of curvature | Recording amplitude (V) | Rejection amplitude (V) | Remarks for note |
| < 20 times diameter | A1 | B1 | Visual contact inspection of attached standard |
| ≧ 20 times diameter | A2 | B2 | Visual contact inspection of attached standard |
5. Elbow quality visual tactile inspection
5.1 inspection Standard sample preparation
Different standard samples are prepared according to different bending radiuses of the same pipe diameter, the tangent point amplitude of the standard samples is close to the upper limit of the rejection index as much as possible, and the position of the tangent point should not have obvious concave-convex feeling.
5.2 test methods
And for the tangent point amplitude signals which are greater than or equal to the recorded amplitude and do not exceed the rejection amplitude, visual and tactile inspection and sample tube comparison can be added for inspecting and judging the qualified products.
6. Analysis result feedback
A large amount of data shows that the ratio of the ellipticity and the amplitude of a tangent point signal generated by the bent pipe are in a direct proportion relation, and the larger the deformation of the bent section is, the higher the ellipticity ratio is, the larger the tangent point signal is; the larger the deformation of the bending section is, the larger the outer diameter value (Q value) in the horizontal vertical direction is, and the larger the amplitude of the tangent point signal generated by the bent pipe is. The amplitude of the tangent point signal has obvious corresponding relation with the change of the size of the bending section, particularly the ellipticity and the vertical direction outer diameter value (Q value).
And compiling an analysis report according to the quality analysis result of the bending section, wherein the analysis report needs to contain the size (ovality, reduction of arch back wall thickness and the outer diameter value in the vertical direction of the flat placement of the pipe) of the bending section, record information such as the type, amplitude, position and quantity of signals (tangent point and background noise), and simultaneously provide information such as recommended treatment measures and rechecking requirements.
Claims (2)
1. The method for analyzing and judging the quality of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe for the nuclear power steam generator comprises the detection of the internal eddy current of the bent section, and is characterized in that the detection of the internal eddy current comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting defect-free pipes with different pipe diameters, different bending diameters and different wall thicknesses to process and calibrate sample pipes, wherein the sample pipes are artificially damaged to comprise flat-bottom holes and inner and outer wall ring grooves, manufacturing a phase damage depth curve, determining a starting bending point and a final bending point of a bending section according to an obvious peak value in the curve, taking amplitude signals of the starting bending point and the final bending point as recording amplitudes, and setting rejection amplitudes according to the recording amplitudes, wherein the rejection amplitudes are larger than the recording amplitudes;
(2) carrying out internal eddy detection on the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected to obtain an internal eddy detection curve, and comparing the internal eddy detection curve with a corresponding phase damage depth curve of the sample pipe to determine whether damage exists or not and the damage depth;
meanwhile, comparing the obvious amplitude signals in the curve, and judging that the tangent point detection of the bent section is qualified when the amplitude signal of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is smaller than the recorded amplitude of the sample pipe; when the amplitude signal of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is greater than or equal to the recorded amplitude of the sample pipe and does not exceed the rejection amplitude, adopting a mode of visual and tactile inspection and sample pipe comparison to inspect and judge whether the detection of the tangent point of the bent section is qualified; when the amplitude signal of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is larger than the rejection amplitude of the sample pipe, judging that the detection of the tangent point of the bent section is unqualified;
during the internal eddy current detection, on the basis of setting the phase angle of 100% through holes of the sample tube to be 40 degrees under the same detection frequency, setting the phase angle of 20% flat-bottom holes to be 50-100 degrees; the internal eddy current detection probe samples more than 2 sampling points per millimeter;
determining the background noise according to the internal eddy detection curve of the sample tube, and comparing the background noise with the background noise of the internal eddy detection curve of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer tube to be detected; if the background noise of the inner eddy detection curve of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is higher than that of the sample pipe, judging that the inner eddy detection of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe to be detected is unqualified;
the judging method further comprises roundness detection, Q value detection and arch back wall thickness reduction amount detection;
the roundness detection is that the outer diameter of the tube is measured horizontally and vertically from five positions of 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree and 180 degree of the bending starting point of the U-shaped tube heat transfer tube by an outer micrometer, and roundness value of the bending radius is calculated; the roundness calculation formula is (measured value of outer diameter in vertical direction-measured value of outer diameter in horizontal direction)/nominal outer diameter value multiplied by 100%;
the Q value is detected by measuring the outer diameter of the U-shaped tube heat transfer tube from any point of L value inner arc length at three positions of 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees through an outer micrometer, the maximum value-minimum value of the whole set of tube bundle is less than a set value, and the average value is within the tolerance range of the nominal size;
the detection of the wall thickness reduction amount of the arch back is to respectively measure the wall thickness of any five positions outside the outer arch back of five sections of 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees and 180 degrees of a bending part by adopting a thickness gauge, and take the minimum value S min And C = nominal wall thickness-0.08 mm, compared with C.
2. The method for analyzing and judging the quality of the bent section of the U-shaped heat transfer pipe for the nuclear steam generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the filling coefficient of the probe for the internal eddy current detection meets 0.7-0.9.
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| JP2010266277A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2010-11-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Eddy-current flaw detection system |
| JP5905285B2 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2016-04-20 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Inspection position detection method, inspection method, and inspection apparatus |
| CN106932469B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2020-06-19 | 核动力运行研究所 | Heat exchange tube defect detection method based on eddy current signal characteristics |
| CN107462513A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-12-12 | 岭东核电有限公司 | The decision method and decision-making system of the intergranular stress corrosion of nuclear power station steam generator |
| CN108445075A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-24 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of evaluation method of heat exchanger tube EDDY CURRENT vessel wall damage |
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