CN111894986B

CN111894986B - Rolling bearing retainer with eccentric arc structure and deep groove ball bearing

Info

Publication number: CN111894986B
Application number: CN202010761816.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨磊; 王曌新; 崔铭杰
Original assignee: CRRC Dalian Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Dalian Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-31
Filing date: 2020-07-31
Publication date: 2021-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-31
Also published as: CN111894986A

Abstract

The invention discloses a rolling bearing retainer with an eccentric arc guide surface and a deep groove ball bearing, wherein the deep groove ball bearing comprises: the bearing comprises an outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of rolling bodies and a retainer. The pocket of the retainer is provided with a straight surface and an arc surface, and the axis of the cylinder corresponding to the straight surface is vertical to the rotation axis of the retainer; the arc surface is connected to the inner diameter side of the straight surface and extends towards the inner diameter side; when the rolling body and the retainer move relatively, the straight surface is not contacted with the surface of the rolling body, and the arc surface is contacted with the surface of the rolling body; the corresponding sphere centers of the arc surfaces are multiple and the multiple sphere centers are not overlapped. The eccentric structure in pocket makes the rolling element can not contact with the bottom in pocket hole when rolling, only with the arc surface contact to effectively avoid pocket hole bottom wearing and tearing, when improving the motion stability of holder, reduce antifriction bearing's vibration moreover, be favorable to prolonging antifriction bearing's life.

Description

Rolling bearing retainer with eccentric arc structure and deep groove ball bearing

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bearings, in particular to a rolling bearing retainer with an eccentric arc guide surface.

Background

In a rolling bearing, cages are roughly classified into two types, one is a cage guided by a bearing ring, and the other is a cage guided by rolling elements. In consideration of reliability and assembly of the bearing cage, a copper cage of double half caulking is generally employed. At present, double-half riveted copper retainers mainly have four main categories: the rolling elements are arranged in the inner cavity of the rolling body, and the rolling elements are arranged in the inner cavity of the rolling body; the complete arc pocket guides well, but is not beneficial to lubrication, so the straight pocket and the arc pocket are considered from the aspects of lubrication, vibration, guidance and the like, and the performance is better.

However, the design of the straight pocket holes and the circular arc pocket holes has the defects that when the rolling elements droop, the rolling elements all fall on the pocket bottoms of the circular arc pocket holes of the retainer, when the rolling elements rotate at a high speed, the retainer is moved towards the outer ring direction of the bearing under the action of centrifugal force, the bottoms of the circular arc pocket holes of the retainer collide with the rolling elements, the circular arc pocket bottoms are very thin and are easy to generate stress concentration, the retainer is abnormally worn, the rolling elements are scratched, meanwhile, copper scraps are mixed into lubricating grease, the inner ring and outer ring raceway surface scratches of the bearing are caused, the noise of the bearing is increased, and the service life is shortened.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a rolling bearing retainer with an eccentric arc guide surface, which aims to overcome the technical problems.

The rolling bearing retainer with an eccentric arc guide surface of the invention comprises: two fixedly connected frame bodies and a plurality of pockets holding a plurality of rolling bodies; the pocket is followed the circumferencial direction of support body sets up with predetermined interval, the pocket includes: the axis y of the cylinder corresponding to the straight surface is vertical to the rotation axis x of the retainer; the arc surface is connected to the inner diameter side of the straight surface and extends towards the inner diameter side; when the rolling body and the retainer move relatively, the straight surface is not in contact with the rolling body surface, and the arc surface is in contact with the rolling body surface; the arc surface is provided with a plurality of corresponding spherical centers, the spherical centers are not overlapped, and the connecting line of the spherical centers is circular.

Furthermore, the plane of the connecting line of the sphere centers is a circle, and the plane is vertical to the axis of the cylinder corresponding to the straight surface.

Further, the radius length of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface is:

wherein, R is the radius of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface, and Dw is the diameter of the rolling body.

Further, a vertical distance a from the center of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface to the spherical surface along the x-axis direction is:

wherein deltac is the diameter of a cylinder corresponding to the straight surface of the pocket;

the vertical distance b from the sphere center corresponding to the arc surface to the central circle F of the retainer along the x-axis direction is as follows:

wherein, Dcp is the diameter of the central circle of the retainer;

the minimum distance c from the horizontal straight line of the sphere center corresponding to the arc surface and the tangent point of the spherical surface to the inner diameter of the retainer is as follows:

wherein dc is the inner diameter of the cage;

the following conditions are satisfied between a vertical distance a from the center of the arc surface to the spherical surface along the x-axis direction, a vertical distance b from the center of the arc surface to the spherical surface along the x-axis direction and then to the central circle F of the retainer, and a minimum distance c from the center of the arc surface to the horizontal straight line of the spherical tangent point to the inner diameter of the retainer:

c-a-b≥0.2 (5)。

further, still include: a plurality of weight-reducing slots; the weight reduction grooves are formed in the outer ends of the fixed connection positions of the two support bodies, and the connection positions are formed between two adjacent pockets of the support bodies.

Further, the minimum distance between the weight reduction groove and the pocket is not less than half of the difference between the width of the cage and the diameter of the pocket.

Further, the distance between the two opposing straight faces is 1.001 to 1.04 times the diameter of the rolling element.

Furthermore, the frame body is made of copper.

The present invention also provides a deep groove ball bearing, comprising: the bearing comprises an outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of rolling bodies and a rolling bearing retainer.

The pocket of the retainer is provided with a straight surface and an arc surface, and the axis of a cylinder corresponding to the straight surface is vertical to the self-rotating axis of the retainer; the arc surface is connected to the inner diameter side of the straight surface and extends towards the inner diameter side; when the rolling body and the retainer move relatively, the straight surface is not contacted with the surface of the rolling body, and the arc surface is contacted with the surface of the rolling body; the spherical centers corresponding to the circular arc surfaces are multiple, the multiple spherical centers are not overlapped, and the connecting line of the multiple spherical centers is circular. The eccentric structure in pocket makes the rolling element can not contact with the bottom in pocket hole when rolling, only with the arc surface contact to effectively avoid pocket hole bottom wearing and tearing, when improving the motion stability of holder, reduce antifriction bearing's vibration moreover, be favorable to prolonging antifriction bearing's life.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a deep groove ball bearing according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of two symmetrically fixedly connected frame bodies according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the cage of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a deep groove ball bearing of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the pocket structure of the cage of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the retainer body of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the pocket structure of the cage of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the pocket structure of the cage of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the pocket structure of the cage of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a simulation plot of the bearing temperature comparison of the inventive cage and a prior art cage.

The reference numbers illustrate:

2. an outer ring; 3. an inner ring; 4. a rolling body; 5. a holder; 501. a frame body; 503. a pocket hole; 505. a weight reduction groove; 506. a straight surface; 507. a circular arc surface; 201. an outer ring raceway surface; 301. an inner ring raceway surface; x, the rotation axis of the retainer; y, the axis of the cylinder corresponding to the straight surface; p, contact points of the rolling bodies and the arc surfaces; m, pocket bottom points of the retainer; F. a center circle of the cage; q, the opposite arc surface extends along the intersection point of the extended inner diameter.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment provides a rolling bearing cage with an eccentric arc guide surface, the cage 5 is formed by fixedly connecting two cage bodies 501, pockets 503 are arranged on the cage bodies 501 at intervals, and rolling elements 4 of the bearing are arranged between the opposite pockets 503. The pocket 503 includes a straight surface 506 and an arc surface 507, wherein the surface close to the bearing outer ring 2 is the straight surface 506, the surface close to the bearing inner ring 3 is the arc surface 507 of the pocket 503, the axis y of the cylinder corresponding to the straight surface 506 is perpendicular to the rotation axis x of the cage 5, and the arc surface 507 is connected to the inner diameter side of the straight surface 506 and extends toward the inner diameter side, so that when the rolling element 4 and the cage 5 move relatively, the straight surface 506 does not contact the rolling element surface, and the arc surface 507 contacts the rolling element surface. As shown in fig. 8, the arc surface 507 and the straight surface 506 are tangent to the tangent point p, so that the pocket 503 sidewall is ensured to be smooth and excessive without sharp points, and the rolling element 4 is prevented from being worn. The contact point of the rolling element and the arc surface is p point, and the contact point enables the rolling element 4 to avoid friction with M point at the bottom of the pocket 503 of the cage 5 when rotating. The vibration of the rolling bearing is reduced, and the stability of the operation of the rolling bearing retainer 5 is improved. As shown in fig. 8, a pseudo circle is drawn with the arc surface 507a of the pocket 503, and the center of the pseudo circle is 507 aO. The arc surface 507b of the pocket 503 is used to draw a circle with a center 507 bo. The circle center 507aO and the circle center 507Bo are respectively located at two sides of the axis y of the cylinder corresponding to the straight surface 506, and a plurality of circle centers of a pseudo circle formed by the plurality of arc surfaces 507 of the plurality of pockets 503 are not overlapped, and are in an eccentric arc structure. As shown in fig. 7, the arc surface 507a and the arc surface 507b intersect at a point Q after extending along the inner diameter, but the subsequent extending trajectories do not overlap.

As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the rolling elements do not contact and wear with the bottom of the arc pocket 503, the arc surface 507 is designed such that when the rolling elements 4 freely fall into the pocket 503, the rolling elements 4 are tangent to the arc surface 507, and the minimum thickness of the connecting line of the tangent point p to the inner diameter of the cage 5 is not less than 0.2mm, specifically:

the radius length of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface 507 is:

wherein, R is the radius of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface, and Dw is the diameter of the rolling element 4.

As shown in fig. 9, a vertical distance a from the center of the circle to the spherical surface in the x-axis direction corresponding to the circular arc surface 507 is:

where Δ c is the diameter of the cylinder corresponding to the straight surface 506 of the pocket 503;

as shown in fig. 3, a vertical distance b from the center of the circle corresponding to the arc surface to the center circle F of the holder along the x-axis direction is:

wherein, Dcp is the diameter of the central circle F of the retainer;

the minimum distance c from the horizontal straight line between the spherical center corresponding to the arc surface 507 and the tangent point of the spherical surface to the inner diameter of the retainer 5 is as follows:

wherein dc is the inner diameter of the cage 5;

the following conditions are satisfied between the vertical distance a from the center of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface 507 to the spherical surface along the x-axis direction, the vertical distance b from the center of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface 507 to the central circle F of the retainer along the x-axis direction, and the minimum distance c from the horizontal straight line of the tangent point of the center of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface 507 and the spherical surface to the inner diameter of the retainer 5:

c-a-b≥0.2 (5)

when the condition that a + b is equal to 0 is met, the corresponding arc radiuses are realized, the circle centers are positioned on the central circle F of the retainer 5, and the central circle F of the retainer 5 is parallel to the rotation axis of the retainer 5, so that the operation stability of the rolling bearing retainer 5 is further improved.

As shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the method further includes: a plurality of weight-reduction grooves 505; two frame bodies 501 are fixedly connected between two adjacent pockets 503 by rivets; the lightening slots 505 are arranged at the outer ends of the fixed connection of the two frame bodies 501. In this embodiment, the distance Δ a between the bottom of the lightening groove 505 and the closest point of the pocket 503 is not less than half of the difference between the width of the cage 5 and the diameter of the pocket 503. The thickness delta a of the thinnest part of the lightening groove 505 and the pocket 503 is not less than half of the total width of the cage 5 minus the diameter of the straight pocket 503, so that the strength of the cage 5 is ensured, and the cage 5 cannot be broken due to long-term friction and impact of the rolling body 4.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the frame bodies 501 are fixedly connected by rivets, the lightening grooves 505 are arranged between the two pockets 503, the weight of the cage 5 is effectively lightened by the lightening grooves 505, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the cage 5 is reduced, the acting force of the collision between the cage 5 and the rolling elements 4 is reduced, the grease storage space is increased, the lubrication of the rolling elements is facilitated, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged. Meanwhile, the design of the lightening slots 505 reduces the connection length between the frame bodies 501, which is more convenient for connecting two frame bodies 501 with rivets.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the distance between the two opposite straight surfaces 506 is 1.001 to 1.04 times the diameter Δ C of the rolling element 4, so that the motion stability of the rolling bearing cage 5 is improved, the vibration of the rolling bearing is reduced, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.

In this embodiment, the frame body 501 is made of copper, which has tough and wear-resistant characteristics, and since the rolling elements 4 continuously rub and impact the retainer 5 when the bearing rotates, the tough and wear-resistant characteristics of copper can effectively ensure the service life of the retainer 5.

The present invention also provides a deep groove ball bearing, comprising: an outer ring 2, an inner ring 3, a plurality of rolling elements 4, and a rolling bearing cage 5 having an eccentric arc guide surface.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the deep groove ball bearing includes: an outer ring 2, an inner ring 3, a plurality of balls 4 between an outer ring raceway surface 201 and an inner ring raceway surface 301, and a cage 5; the cage 5 wraps the balls 4 inside the two pockets 503 and between the outer race 2 and the inner race 3. Furthermore, the grease as a sealing material is sealed in the inner space of the deep groove ball bearing, and the sealing material can be a sealing ring, an iron ring and the like; the lubricant may also be oil or grease.

Through simulation experiments on the retainer before and after optimization, the comparison result is shown in fig. 10, wherein the abscissa is the bearing rotating speed, and the ordinate is the bearing temperature, and as can be seen from a curve chart, after the optimization of the retainer, the contact abrasion between the rolling body and the bottom of the pocket is effectively avoided through improving the structure of the pocket, so that the temperature of the bearing is 2-3 ℃ lower than that before the optimization. The lubrication of the rolling bearing is facilitated, and the service life of the rolling bearing is prolonged.

The whole beneficial effects are as follows:

1. effectively avoid rolling element and circular arc pocket hole bottom contact wear, prevent the production that rolling element fish tail and copper cut, when improving the motion stability of antifriction bearing holder, reduce antifriction bearing's vibration.

2. The weight of the retainer is effectively reduced, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the retainer is reduced, and the impact between the retainer and the rolling body is reduced. In addition, the grease storage space is increased, so that the lubrication of the rolling body is facilitated, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rolling bearing cage with an eccentric arc guide surface, comprising: two fixedly connected frame bodies (501) and a plurality of pockets (503) for holding a plurality of rolling bodies; the pocket (503) is provided at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction of the frame body, and is characterized in that the pocket (503) includes:

the axial line y of the cylinder corresponding to the straight surface (506) is vertical to the rotation axial line x of the retainer (5); the arc surface (507) is connected to the inner diameter side of the straight surface (506) and extends to the inner diameter side; when the rolling body (4) and the retainer (5) move relatively, the straight surface (506) is not in contact with the rolling body surface, and the arc surface (507) is in contact with the rolling body surface;

the corresponding spherical centers of the arc surfaces (507) are multiple, the multiple spherical centers are not overlapped, and the connecting line of the multiple spherical centers is circular;

the radius length of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface is as follows:

wherein R is the radius of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface, and Dw is the diameter of the rolling body (4);

the vertical distance a from the center of the arc surface to the spherical surface along the x-axis direction is as follows:

wherein Δ c is the diameter of a cylinder corresponding to the straight surface (506) of the pocket (503);

the vertical distance b from the sphere center corresponding to the arc surface (507) to the central circle F of the retainer after the sphere surface is in the x-axis direction is as follows:

wherein, Dcp is the diameter of the central circle of the retainer;

the minimum distance c from the horizontal straight line of the sphere center corresponding to the arc surface (507) and the tangent point of the sphere surface to the inner diameter of the retainer (5) is as follows:

wherein dc is the inner diameter of the cage (5);

the following conditions are satisfied between a vertical distance a from the center of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface (507) to the spherical surface along the x-axis direction, a vertical distance b from the center of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface to the central circle F of the retainer along the x-axis direction, and a minimum distance c from the center of the sphere corresponding to the arc surface and a horizontal straight line of the tangent point of the spherical surface to the inner diameter of the retainer (5):

c-a-b≥0.2 (5)。

2. the eccentric arc guide surface rolling bearing holder according to claim 1, wherein a plane where the centers of the plurality of balls are connected in a circle is perpendicular to an axis of the cylindrical body corresponding to the straight surface.

3. The eccentric arc guide surface rolling bearing cage according to claim 1, further comprising:

a plurality of weight-reducing slots (505); the weight reduction grooves (505) are arranged at the outer ends of the fixed connection parts of the two frame bodies (501), and the connection parts are arranged between two adjacent pockets (503) of the frame bodies (501).

4. The eccentric arc guide surface rolling bearing cage according to claim 3, characterized in that the minimum distance between the lightening groove (505) and the pocket (503) is not less than half the difference between the width of the cage (5) and the diameter of the pocket (503).

5. The eccentric arc-guided surface rolling bearing cage according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the two opposing straight surfaces (506) is 1.001 to 1.04 times the diameter of the rolling elements (4).

6. The eccentric arc guide surface rolling bearing holder according to claim 1, wherein the material of the holder body (501) is copper.

7. A deep groove ball bearing, comprising:

an outer ring (2), an inner ring (3), a plurality of rolling elements (4) and a rolling bearing cage according to any of claims 1 to 5.