CN111893384A - Bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bainite girder steel with high crack resistance and a preparation method thereof, wherein the steel comprises the components of, by weight, 0.05% -0.07% of C, 0.9% -1.1% of Si, 0.015% -0.025% of Zr, 0.025% -0.035% of V, 1.15% -1.25% of Mn and the balance of Fe. During preparation, after steel ingots are smelted according to the component proportion, forging the steel ingots into blanks, heating the blanks at 1180-1220 ℃ for 30-60min, controlling the initial rolling and final rolling temperature, carrying out hot rolling to obtain 8-10mm hot rolled plates, cooling the hot rolled plates to 450 ℃ at the cooling speed of 60-100 ℃/s, carrying out isothermal treatment for 45-60min, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature to obtain the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance. The process utilizes a bainite phase transformation mechanism, fully utilizes a rapid cooling process through component design, regulates and controls isothermal temperature and time, obtains a staggered bainite structure, weakens the adverse effect of carbide or precipitate on crack arrest performance to the maximum extent, and improves the crack arrest performance of the girder steel to the maximum extent on the premise of meeting the basic mechanical property requirement.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of low-carbon steel controlled rolling and controlled cooling, and particularly relates to bainite girder steel with high crack resistance and a preparation method thereof.
Background art:
with the rapid development of the fields of commercial vehicles and trucks, higher requirements are put forward on the safety and durability of the whole vehicle, wherein the quality of the vehicle frame influences the service life and the driving safety of the whole vehicle, so that the high crack arrest performance of the vehicle is also put forward higher requirements in addition to the conventional mechanical property, the formability and the weldability.
For the existing girder steel products, there are corresponding patent documents based on different grades and different performance requirements. For different grades of girder steel products, Chinese patent documents CN111172456A, CN107604256A, CN108018502A and CN109097699A respectively describe preparation methods of 610MPa, 700MPa, 800MPa and 900MPa grade girder steel products. From the aspect of component design, the steel belongs to a low-carbon (C0.04% -0.09%) microalloy steel series, wherein typical microalloy additive elements are Nb and Ti (Nb0.03% -0.07%, Ti0.01% -0.09%); in terms of structure design, the typical micro-structure of the steel depends on mechanisms such as fine-grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening, phase transformation strengthening and the like, and the steel has ferrite, ferrite and martensite, and for a girder steel product with the strength below 800MPa, the structure is mainly ferrite, nano precipitation of micro alloy elements exists on a ferrite matrix, and the main strengthening modes are fine-grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening. Through the components and the technical scheme, the tissue regulation and control idea of the bainite girder steel product with high crack arrest performance is not involved.
For girder steel products with different performance requirements, chinese patent documents CN110184535A and CN109518074A describe methods for preparing 600L girder steel and 800MPa girder steel with good formability and high toughness, respectively. For 600L girder steel with good formability, the main components of the steel comprise C: 0.03-0.09%, Si is less than or equal to 0.15%, Mn: 1.2% -1.5%, Nb: 0.005-0.025%, Ti: 0.055% -0.085%, and limiting parameters such as the rolling temperature of the last pass of rough rolling, the initial rolling temperature of finish rolling, the final rolling temperature, the laminar cooling rate and the like, wherein the final structure is ferrite and pearlite. For high-toughness 800MPa girder steel, the main components comprise C: 0.07 to 0.11%, Si: 0.05-0.20%, Mn: 1.55 to 1.80 percent, Nb: 0.02% -0.04%, Ti: 0.09% -0.13%, Mo: 0.1 to 0.2 percent, and limits parameters such as heating temperature, heating time, rough rolling finishing temperature, intermediate billet thickness, finish rolling starting temperature, finish rolling finishing temperature, cooling rate, coiling temperature and the like, and the final structure is acicular ferrite and polygonal ferrite. The above patent documents show that in order to obtain girder steel products with different special performance requirements, the components and the process scheme thereof need to be adjusted, and besides the conventional mechanical properties, in order to meet the requirements of high-end commercial vehicles or heavy-duty vehicles on girder steel products with high crack-arresting performance, a brand new component and process scheme are needed.
In summary, for the girder product, a microalloying thought is adopted in the component design at present, and fine grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening are mainly utilized, wherein the precipitation strengthening amount is large, from the viewpoint of high crack arrest performance, the high precipitation strengthening contribution is unfavorable for the crack arrest performance of high-strength steel, and based on the existing component design and process route, the final product can not meet the special performance requirements of the high crack arrest girder steel product. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign the composition and control the strengthening manner, and at the same time, reduce the generation of coarse carbides in the structure which are not good for crack arrest performance.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for regulating and controlling the structure of the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance, wherein the method is mainly characterized in that a low-carbon vanadium microalloyed steel plate is mainly applied by regulating and controlling rolling and cooling process parameters, a rapid cooling process is fully utilized to inhibit the precipitation of high-temperature coarse carbides, so that the formation of high-toughness bainite in a medium-temperature region is promoted, a girder steel product with high crack arrest performance is obtained by controlling bainite phase transformation, meanwhile, the medium-temperature region is subjected to proper isothermal treatment, the probability of forming coarse carbides is further reduced while the microalloy carbides are regulated, and finally, a bainite structure with high crack arrest performance and staggered distribution is obtained.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the Bainite girder steel with high crack resistance comprises, by weight, 0.05% -0.07% of C, 0.9% -1.1% of Si, 0.015% -0.025% of Zr, 0.025% -0.035% of V, 1.15% -1.25% of Mn and the balance Fe.
The tensile strength of the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance is 750-800MPa, and the cold bending property is 1800(d ═ a) is qualified, and the crack arrest toughness at-10 ℃ is 6200-6500N/mm1.5。
The preparation method of the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting steel ingots according to the components of the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance, and forging the steel ingots into blanks;
(2) the heating temperature of the steel billet is 1180-;
(3) hot rolling the steel billet at the beginning rolling temperature of 1040-1060 ℃, the finishing rolling temperature of 850-900 ℃ and the single-pass reduction rate of 15-25 percent to obtain a hot rolled plate with the thickness of 8-10 mm;
(4) and cooling the hot rolled plate to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate of 60-100 ℃/s, carrying out isothermal treatment, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance, wherein the isothermal treatment time is 45-60min to obtain staggered bainite distribution, so that bainite tissue regulation is realized, and simultaneously, V and C are combined to form nano-level microalloy carbide, so that the formation probability of high-temperature coarse carbide is reduced.
In the step (4), the prepared girder steel structure is a staggered bainite structure.
In the step (4), fine and dispersed nanometer VC precipitates exist in the bainite structure of the prepared girder steel, and the size of the nanometer VC precipitates is 2-5 nm.
The basis for adopting the control method is as follows: for vanadium microalloyed steel, when the heating temperature is 1180-1220 ℃, the change of the austenite grain size is small, when the heating temperature is higher than 1180 ℃, the corresponding microalloyed element vanadium is completely dissolved, so that the subsequent combination with C is facilitated, the nano precipitation strengthening is formed, the formation probability of coarse carbides in the structure is reduced, and when the heating temperature is higher than 1220 ℃, the austenite grain coarsening is generated, and the subsequent structure regulation is not facilitated;
the Si element is mainly added to inhibit the formation of high-temperature coarse carbides such as pearlite and the like;
the trace Zr element is added mainly for regulating the structure morphology of bainite, and is more beneficial to forming a bainite structure in staggered distribution.
The use of higher deformation temperatures avoids induced precipitates during low temperature deformation which grow rapidly and coarsen during subsequent cooling and holding, and therefore the deformation temperature should be increased appropriately.
And fast cooling is utilized to inhibit the formation of ferrite and coarse carbides at a high temperature stage, so that a high-temperature austenite structure quickly enters a medium-temperature bainite phase transformation region.
The isothermal treatment can effectively promote bainite transformation, but the long-time isothermal treatment can cause the growth and coarsening of precipitates or carbides, which is not beneficial to the regulation of the crack-stopping performance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, a bainite phase transformation mechanism is utilized, a tissue structure with high crack arrest performance is obtained through component design, adverse effects of carbides or precipitates on the crack arrest performance are weakened to the greatest extent, a rapid cooling process is fully utilized, isothermal temperature and temperature time are regulated and controlled, a staggered bainite structure is obtained, the crack arrest performance of the girder steel is improved to the greatest extent on the premise that basic mechanical performance requirements are met, and a feasible thought is provided for research and development of series of girder steels with high crack arrest performance.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of a preparation method of a bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance in embodiments 1-3 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic micrograph of a bainitic girder steel with high crack arrest performance prepared in example 1.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The Bainite girder steel with high crack resistance comprises, by weight, 0.05% -0.07% of C, 0.9% -1.1% of Si, 0.015% -0.025% of Zr, 0.025% -0.035% of V, 1.15% -1.25% of Mn and the balance Fe.
The tensile strength of the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance is 750-800MPa, and the cold bending property is 1800(d ═ a) is qualified, and the fracture toughness at-10 ℃ is 6200-1.5。
The preparation method of the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting steel ingots according to the components of the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance, and forging the steel ingots into blanks;
(2) the heating temperature of the steel billet is 1180-1220 ℃, the heating time is 30-60min, the vanadium micro-alloy element is fully dissolved in the solution, the austenite grains are prevented from growing abnormally,
(3) hot rolling the steel billet at the beginning rolling temperature of 1040-1060 ℃, the finishing rolling temperature of 850-900 ℃ and the single-pass reduction rate of 15-25 percent to obtain a hot rolled plate with the thickness of 8-10 mm;
(4) cooling the hot rolled plate to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate of 60-100 ℃/s, carrying out isothermal treatment to obtain staggered bainite, wherein the isothermal time is 45-60min, regulating and controlling a bainite structure, simultaneously combining V and C to form nano-level microalloy carbide, reducing the formation probability of high-temperature coarse carbide, carrying out air cooling to room temperature after isothermal treatment, and preparing the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance, wherein the structure of the girder steel is a staggered bainite structure, fine and dispersed nano VC precipitates exist in the bainite structure, and the size of the precipitates is 2-5 nm.
Example 1
The bainite girder steel with high crack resistance comprises, by weight, 0.06% of C, 1.0% of Si, 0.02% of Zr, 0.03% of V, 1.2% of Mn and the balance of Fe.
The preparation method of the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting steel ingots according to the components of the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance, forging the steel ingots into blanks, and selecting steel billets with the section size of 80mm x 80mm for heating treatment;
(2) the heating temperature of the steel billet is 1220 ℃, the heating time is 45min, the vanadium microalloy element is fully dissolved in the solution, and the abnormal growth of austenite grains is prevented;
(3) hot rolling the steel billet at the initial rolling temperature of 1050 ℃, the final rolling temperature of 880 ℃ and the single-pass reduction rate of 15% to obtain a hot rolled plate with the thickness of 8 mm;
(4) cooling the hot rolled plate to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate of 60 ℃/s, carrying out isothermal treatment to obtain staggered bainite, wherein the isothermal time is 45min, regulating and controlling a bainite structure, simultaneously combining V and C to form nano-level microalloy carbide and reduce the formation probability of high-temperature coarse carbide, carrying out air cooling to room temperature after isothermal treatment to obtain the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance, wherein a metallographic micrograph of the girder steel is shown in figure 2, the structure of the girder steel is a staggered bainite structure, fine and dispersed nano precipitates VC exist in the bainite structure, and the sizes of the precipitates are 3-4 nm. The bainite girder steel with high crack resistance has the tensile strength of 800MPa and the cold bending property of 1800(d ═ a) qualified, crack arrest toughness 6300N/mm at-10 ℃1.5。
Example 2
The bainite girder steel with high crack resistance comprises, by weight, 0.05% of C, 0.9% of Si, 0.015% of Zr, 0.025% of V, 1.15% of Mn, and the balance Fe.
The preparation method of the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting steel ingots according to the components of the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance, forging the steel ingots into blanks, and selecting steel billets with the section size of 80mm x 80mm for heating treatment;
(2) the heating temperature of the steel billet is 1180 ℃, the heating time is 60min, the vanadium microalloy element is fully dissolved in the solution, and the austenite grains are prevented from growing abnormally;
(3) hot rolling the steel billet at 1040 ℃ for initial rolling, 850 ℃ for final rolling and 20% for single-pass reduction rate to obtain a hot rolled plate with the thickness of 9 mm;
(4) cooling the hot rolled plate to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate of 80 ℃/s, carrying out isothermal treatment to obtain staggered bainite, wherein the isothermal time is 50min, regulating and controlling a bainite structure, simultaneously combining V and C to form nano-level microalloy carbide and reduce the formation probability of high-temperature coarse carbide, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature after isothermal treatment to obtain the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance, wherein the girder steel structure is a staggered bainite structure, fine and dispersed nano VC precipitates exist in the bainite structure, and the size of the precipitates is 2-4 nm. The bainite girder steel with high crack resistance has the tensile strength of 780MPa and the cold bending property of 1800(d ═ a) is qualified, and the fracture toughness at-10 ℃ is 6500N/mm1.5。
Example 3
The Bainite girder steel with high crack resistance comprises, by weight, 0.07% of C, 1.1% of Si, 0.025% of Zr, 0.035% of V, 1.25% of Mn and the balance of Fe.
The preparation method of the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting steel ingots according to the components of the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance, forging the steel ingots into blanks, and selecting steel billets with the section size of 80mm x 80mm for heating treatment;
(2) the heating temperature of the steel billet is 1220 ℃, the heating time is 30min, the vanadium microalloy element is fully dissolved in the solution, and the abnormal growth of austenite grains is prevented;
(3) hot rolling the steel billet at the beginning temperature of 1060 ℃, the end rolling temperature of 900 ℃ and the single-pass reduction rate of 25% to obtain a hot rolled plate with the thickness of 10 mm;
(4) cooling the hot rolled plate to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate of 100 ℃/s, carrying out isothermal treatment to obtain bainite distributed in a staggered mode, wherein the isothermal time is 60min, bainite structure regulation is achieved, meanwhile, V and C are combined to form nano-level microalloy carbide, the probability of forming high-temperature coarse carbide is reduced, air cooling is carried out to room temperature after isothermal treatment, and the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance is prepared, wherein the girder steel structure is a bainite distributed in a staggered mode, fine and dispersed nano VC precipitates exist in the bainite structure, and the size of the precipitates is 4-5 nm. The bainite girder steel with high crack resistance has the tensile strength of 750MPa and the cold bending property of 1800(d ═ a) is acceptable, and the crack arrest toughness at-10 ℃ is 6200N/mm1.5。
Claims (5)
1. The bainite girder steel with high crack resistance is characterized by comprising, by weight, 0.05% -0.07% of C, 0.9% -1.1% of Si, 0.015% -0.025% of Zr, 0.025% -0.035% of V, 1.15% -1.25% of Mn and the balance of Fe.
2. The Bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tensile strength of the Bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance is 750-800MPa, and the crack arrest toughness is 6200-6500N/mm at-10 ℃1.5。
3. The method for preparing the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
(1) smelting steel ingots according to the components of the bainite girder steel with high crack resistance, and forging the steel ingots into blanks;
(2) heating the steel billet at 1180-1220 deg.c for 30-60 min;
(3) hot rolling the heated steel billet at the initial rolling temperature of 1040-1060 ℃, the final rolling temperature of 850-900 ℃ and the single-pass reduction rate of 15-25 percent to obtain a hot rolled plate with the thickness of 8-10 mm;
(4) and cooling the hot rolled plate to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate of 60-100 ℃/s, performing isothermal treatment, and then cooling in air to room temperature to prepare the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance, wherein the isothermal treatment time is 45-60 min.
4. The method for preparing the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance according to claim 3, wherein in the step (4), the bainite girder steel structure prepared is a staggered bainite structure.
5. The method for preparing the bainite girder steel with high crack arrest performance according to claim 4, wherein in the step (4), dispersed nano VC precipitates exist in the bainite structure of the prepared girder steel, and the size of the nano VC precipitates is 2-5 nm.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103108971A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2013-05-15 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | High-strength hot-rolled steel sheet having superior fatigue resistance properties and method for producing same |
| DE102015220195A1 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-09 | Hyundai Motor Company | Carburized alloy steel with improved durability and method of making the same |
| CN109706386A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-05-03 | 东北大学 | A kind of low compression ratio Q550D steel for engineering machinery plate and its production method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103108971A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2013-05-15 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | High-strength hot-rolled steel sheet having superior fatigue resistance properties and method for producing same |
| DE102015220195A1 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-09 | Hyundai Motor Company | Carburized alloy steel with improved durability and method of making the same |
| CN109706386A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-05-03 | 东北大学 | A kind of low compression ratio Q550D steel for engineering machinery plate and its production method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 孙明雪等: ""回火温度对低碳贝氏体高强度钢组织性能的影响"", 《东北大学学报( 自然科学版)》 * |
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