CN111892784B - Plastic steel profile for fire-resistant window and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plastic steel profile for fire-resistant window and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
The invention provides a plastic steel profile for a fire-resistant window, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 15-20 parts of filler, 8-12 parts of impact modifier, 10-20 parts of heat stabilizer, 5-8 parts of modified basalt fiber and 15-25 parts of composite flame retardant; the modified basalt fiber is prepared by soaking crushed basalt fiber in a fiber modifier. The plastic steel section has excellent mechanical property, processing property and flame retardant property. The invention also provides a preparation method of the plastic steel profile, which comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the raw materials in proportion; (2) fully mixing the raw materials, adding the mixture into a kneader, and mixing for 10-20 min at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; (3) and extruding and molding the mixed material by an extruder to obtain the plastic steel profile. The plastic steel section with a specific shape and suitable for building is prepared by adopting a co-extrusion molding mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building composite materials, in particular to a plastic steel profile suitable for a fire-resistant window and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plastic-steel section is a PVC section for manufacturing doors and windows, is a novel building material widely applied, and is usually used as a good substitute for nonferrous metals such as copper, zinc, aluminum and the like due to excellent physical properties such as rigidity, elasticity, corrosion resistance and ageing resistance. The material is mainly applied to push-pull, casement doors and windows, guardrails, pipes and suspended ceiling materials in house construction.
The viscous flow temperature of PVC is 136 ℃ and the decomposition temperature is 140 ℃, which are very close to each other, so that the PVC processing process is difficult, and a lubricant is often required to be added to reduce the viscous flow temperature, and/or a stabilizer is required to be added to increase the decomposition temperature. However, the addition of too much additive inevitably affects the strength, toughness and the like of PVC, and thus the use thereof as a building material.
Along with the development of society, people have stricter and stricter requirements on the performance of building materials, and have higher requirements on fire resistance and flame retardance in addition to the conventional mechanical properties and processability of the building materials.
Therefore, how to ensure that the plastic steel used as the most commonly used building material has better mechanical property, processing property and flame retardant property is the main direction of future research.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a plastic steel section for a fire-resistant window, which has excellent mechanical property, processability and flame retardance.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the plastic steel profile for the fire-resistant window, which is suitable for being used as a plastic steel profile for buildings and is prepared into a special shape by adopting a co-extrusion molding mode.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
the invention provides a plastic steel profile for a fire-resistant window, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 15-20 parts of filler, 8-12 parts of impact modifier, 5-8 parts of modified basalt fiber and 15-25 parts of composite flame retardant; the modified basalt fiber is prepared by soaking crushed basalt fiber in a fiber modifier.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the plastic steel profile for the fire-resistant window, which comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the raw materials in proportion; (2) fully mixing the raw materials, adding the mixture into a kneader, and mixing for 10-20 min at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; (3) and extruding and molding the mixed material by an extruder to obtain the plastic steel profile.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the basalt fiber is selected as a reinforcing component, has good mechanical property, and can effectively improve the strength and impact resistance of the plastic steel by adding a small amount of the basalt fiber; in addition, the basalt fiber has good flame retardance, and the flame retardance of plastic steel products can be effectively improved; the flame retardant property of the plastic steel is further improved by adding the composite flame retardant; by adding the plasticizer and the heat stabilizer, the processing performance of the plastic steel is effectively improved, and the plastic steel product with good mechanical property, good flame retardant property and excellent processing performance is provided through the mutual cooperation and synergistic effect of various components.
(2) The basalt fiber added in the invention is the modified basalt fiber, so that the basalt fiber can be fully dispersed in a resin matrix, the addition amount of the basalt fiber is increased, and the mechanical property and the flame retardant property of the plastic steel profile are promoted to be improved.
(3) The preparation method of the plastic steel profile for the fire-resistant window adopts the traditional extrusion molding mode, and sets corresponding parameter conditions by matching with the plastic steel formula of the invention, thereby realizing stable and efficient plastic steel product processing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The plastic steel profile for fire resistant window and the method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
The application provides a plastic steel profile for a fire-resistant window, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 15-20 parts of filler, 8-12 parts of impact modifier, 10-20 parts of heat stabilizer, 5-8 parts of modified basalt fiber and 15-25 parts of composite flame retardant; the modified basalt fiber is prepared by soaking crushed basalt fiber in a fiber modifier.
In order to ensure the processing performance of the plastic-steel section bar in the prior art, a plurality of processing aids are added, so that the mechanical performance of the plastic-steel section bar is greatly influenced. The mechanical property of the plastic steel profile is greatly improved by adding the basalt fiber; however, because the basalt fiber is an inorganic material, the dispersibility of the basalt fiber in polyvinyl chloride resin is poor, and the adding amount and the effect after adding are severely limited, the basalt fiber of the application is selected from the modified basalt fiber, and the surface performance of the basalt fiber is improved by impregnating the basalt fiber with a fiber modifier, so that the basalt fiber can be dispersed in a resin matrix more uniformly and stably; the basalt fiber has good mechanical property and good flame retardant property, and can increase the flame retardant property of plastic steel to a great extent. The fiber modifier comprises a titanate coupling agent and a silane coupling agent, wherein the weight ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the silane coupling agent is as follows: 1-2: 1; the preparation method of the modified basalt fiber comprises the following steps: and soaking the basalt fibers in a fiber modifier for 0.5-1 h, and drying for later use. By dipping the mixed coupling agent consisting of the titanate coupling agent and the silane coupling agent, a layer of organic matter is coated on the surface of the basalt fiber, and organic groups carried by the organic matter can be well mixed with the resin matrix, so that the basalt fiber can be well dispersed in the resin matrix.
According to the method, the titanate coupling agent and the silane coupling agent are mixed according to the proportion of 1-2: 1 and then serve as the fiber modifier, the advantages of the two coupling agents are fully utilized, and the synergistic effect of the two coupling agents is optimal for the surface activation effect of the basalt fiber.
The plastic steel formula of the application also comprises a composite flame retardant, and specifically, the composite flame retardant comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of modified aluminum hydroxide and 3-5 parts of ammonium polyphosphate. The synergistic cooperation of the flame retardant mechanisms of the aluminum hydroxide and the ammonium polyphosphate is utilized, and the flame retardant property is effectively improved.
Because the aluminium hydroxide fire retardant is inorganic fire retardant, its dispersibility in the resin base body is relatively poor, this application has carried out surface modification to aluminium hydroxide in order to guarantee the effective dispersion of aluminium hydroxide in the resin base body, specifically, the surface modification agent of this application includes stearic acid, tetrabutyl titanate and silane coupling agent, and the weight ratio of each component satisfies, aluminium hydroxide: stearic acid: tetrabutyl titanate: 1:0.2 to 0.3:0.12 to 0.15: 0.1 to 0.2. The stearic acid mainly has a physical adsorption effect on the aluminum hydroxide, the tetrabutyl titanate and the silane coupling agent mainly have a chemical bonding effect with the surface of the aluminum hydroxide, the tetrabutyl titanate and the silane coupling agent have different bonding capacities on different sites, and the three modifying agents have synergistic effect to form a compact adsorption layer on the surface of the aluminum hydroxide, so that the activation rate of the surface of the aluminum hydroxide is higher, and the sufficient dispersion of the aluminum hydroxide in a matrix is ensured.
The preparation method of the modified aluminum hydroxide comprises the following steps:
A1. weighing the components in proportion, wherein the particle size of the aluminum hydroxide is less than 2 microns; A2. adding n-butyl alcohol into aluminum hydroxide powder, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 10-20 min, adding stearic acid, tetrabutyl titanate and a silane coupling agent, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 30-50 min; A3. and removing the solvent and drying to obtain the modified aluminum hydroxide.
In order to improve the processing performance of the plastic steel section, a heat stabilizer is further arranged in the raw material formula so as to improve the decomposition temperature of the polyvinyl chloride resin, and the heat stabilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: calcium epoxy oleate: and (3) epoxy zinc oleate is 3-4: 1.
The calcium zinc stabilizer is the most conventional heat stabilizer, and the epoxy group can adsorb HCl released in the degradation process of PVC and can replace unstable chlorine atoms on PVC, so that the calcium zinc stabilizer plays a role in thermal stabilization. The application adopts the epoxy calcium oleate and the epoxy zinc oleate as heat stabilizers, not only has the heat stability of calcium salt and zinc salt, but also has the auxiliary action of epoxy group, and improves the action effect of the heat stabilizer.
The preparation method of the epoxy zinc oleate/epoxy calcium oleate comprises the following steps:
B1. weighing a certain amount of sodium hydroxide, dissolving in deionized water, and heating to a temperature required by the reaction;
B2. slowly adding epoxy oleic acid into the sodium hydroxide solution obtained in the step B1, adjusting the pH value, stirring and controlling the reaction at a certain temperature for a certain time to obtain epoxy sodium oleate;
B3. slowly adding a zinc chloride/calcium chloride solution dissolved in advance into a sodium epoxy oleate solution, adjusting the pH value, stirring and controlling the reaction at a certain temperature for a certain time at a constant temperature to obtain zinc epoxy oleate/calcium epoxy oleate;
B4. and D, filtering the product obtained in the step B3, washing the product with distilled water, and drying to obtain epoxy zinc oleate solid/epoxy calcium oleate solid.
The plastic steel formula of the application also comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of an antioxidant and 3-8 parts of an ultraviolet absorber.
Specifically, the impact modifier is impact ACR, the filler is selected from montmorillonite, bentonite, calcium carbonate whisker, silicon dioxide and the like, and the inorganic filler can improve the flame retardant property and the mechanical property of the plastic steel profile; the antioxidant herein is selected from conventional antioxidants, preferably hindered phenol 168 or hindered phenol 1010; the UV absorber of the present application is resorcinol monobenzoate.
The application also provides a preparation method of the plastic steel profile for the fire-resistant window, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials in proportion; (2) fully mixing the raw materials, adding the mixture into a kneader, and mixing for 10-20 min at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; (3) extruding and molding the mixed material by an extruder to obtain a plastic steel profile; the extruder is a double-screw extruder, the rotating speed of the extruder is 40r/min, and the heating section of the extruder comprises the following four sections: the temperature of the first zone is 150 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 158 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 170 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth zone is 180 ℃; the pressure of the extruder is 20-25 MPa.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a fire-resistant plastic steel section for a window, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 15 parts of activated calcium carbonate, 3 parts of impact-resistant ACR 8 parts of polyethylene wax, 10 parts of calcium epoxy oleate, 3 parts of zinc epoxy oleate, 5 parts of modified basalt fiber, 10 parts of modified aluminum hydroxide, 5 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 1683 parts of hindered phenol and 5 parts of resorcinol monobenzoate;
the modified basalt fiber is prepared by soaking the basalt fiber in a fiber modifier for 1h and then drying; the fiber modifier comprises a titanate coupling agent and a silane coupling agent, wherein the mass ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the silane coupling agent is 1: 1.
The modified aluminum hydroxide is prepared from aluminum hydroxide in a surface modifier, wherein the surface modifier comprises stearic acid, tetrabutyl titanate and a silane coupling agent, the weight ratio of the components is as follows: stearic acid: tetrabutyl titanate: silane coupling agent ═ 1: 0.2: 0.12: 0.1.
the preparation method of the modified aluminum hydroxide comprises the following steps:
A1. weighing the components in proportion, wherein the particle size of the aluminum hydroxide is less than 2 microns; A2. adding n-butyl alcohol into aluminum hydroxide powder, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10min, adding stearic acid, tetrabutyl titanate and a silane coupling agent, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 40 min; A3. and removing the solvent and drying to obtain the modified aluminum hydroxide.
The application also provides a preparation method of the plastic steel profile for the fire-resistant window, which comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the raw materials in proportion; (2) fully mixing the raw materials, adding the mixture into an internal mixer, and mixing for 60-70 min at the temperature of 170 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; (3) extruding and molding the mixed material by an extruder, wherein the extruder is a double-screw extruder, the rotating speed of the extruder is 40r/min, and the heating section of the extruder comprises the following four sections: the temperature of the first zone is 150 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 158 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 170 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth zone is 180 ℃; the pressure in the extruder was 25 MPa.
In this example, sample A was prepared by the above-described preparation method.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a fire-resistant plastic steel section for a window, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 20 parts of activated calcium carbonate, 12 parts of impact-resistant ACR (acrylic rubber), 2 parts of polyethylene wax, 8 parts of modified basalt fiber, 20 parts of modified aluminum hydroxide, 5 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 1683 parts of hindered phenol and 5 parts of resorcinol monobenzoate;
the modified basalt fiber is prepared by soaking the basalt fiber in a fiber modifier for 1h and then drying; the fiber modifier comprises a titanate coupling agent and a silane coupling agent, wherein the mass ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the silane coupling agent is 2: 1.
The modified aluminum hydroxide is prepared from aluminum hydroxide in a surface modifier, wherein the surface modifier comprises stearic acid, tetrabutyl titanate and a silane coupling agent, the weight ratio of the components is as follows: stearic acid: tetrabutyl titanate: silane coupling agent ═ 1: 0.3: 0.15: 0.2.
in this example, the plastic steel profile for fire resistant windows was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain sample B.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a fire-resistant plastic steel section for a window, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 18 parts of active calcium carbonate, 10 parts of impact-resistant ACR, 3 parts of polyethylene wax, 7 parts of modified basalt fiber, 15 parts of modified aluminum hydroxide, 3 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 1683 parts of hindered phenol and 5 parts of resorcinol monobenzoate;
the modified basalt fiber is prepared by soaking the basalt fiber in a fiber modifier for 1h and then drying; the fiber modifier comprises a titanate coupling agent and a silane coupling agent, wherein the mass ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the silane coupling agent is 1.5: 1.
The modified aluminum hydroxide is prepared from aluminum hydroxide in a surface modifier, wherein the surface modifier comprises stearic acid, tetrabutyl titanate and a silane coupling agent, the weight ratio of the components is as follows: stearic acid: tetrabutyl titanate: silane coupling agent ═ 1:0.25: 0.13: 0.15.
in this example, the preparation method of the plastic steel profile for fire resistant window is the same as that of example 1, and sample C is prepared.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a fire resistant plastic steel section for windows, which differs from example 3 in that: 7 parts of modified basalt fiber in the formula is replaced by 7 parts of glass fiber.
Comparative example the plastic steel profile for fire resistant window as described above was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain sample CK 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a fire resistant plastic steel section for windows, which differs from example 3 in that: the basalt fiber in this comparative example is an unmodified basalt fiber.
This comparative example was conducted in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain CK 2.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a fire resistant plastic steel section for windows, which differs from example 3 in that: the aluminum hydroxide in this comparative example was unmodified aluminum hydroxide.
Comparative example the plastic steel profile for fire resistant window as described above was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain sample CK 3.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a fire resistant plastic steel section for windows, which differs from example 3 in that: the modified aluminum hydroxide of the comparative example was prepared from aluminum hydroxide in a surface modifier comprising stearic acid, tetrabutyl titanate and a silane coupling agent in a weight ratio of aluminum hydroxide: stearic acid: tetrabutyl titanate is 1:0.25: 0.13.
Comparative example the plastic steel profile for fire resistant window as described above was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain sample CK 4.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a fire resistant plastic steel section for windows, which differs from example 3 in that: the modified aluminum hydroxide of the comparative example was prepared from aluminum hydroxide in a modifier, the modifier was stearic acid, the weight ratio of the components satisfied, aluminum hydroxide: stearic acid 1: 0.25.
Comparative example the plastic steel profile for fire resistant window as described above was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain sample CK 5.
Examples of the experiments
The samples prepared in the experimental examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 5 are respectively tested for mechanical property and flame retardant property, the samples prepared in the examples and the comparative examples are plastic steel plates with the thickness of 3mm, the test method adopts the conventional test method in the field, and the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 results of the Performance test of the plastic steel profile test pieces of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5
From the experimental results of table 1, it can be seen that:
(1) from the comparison of the experimental results of experimental examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5, it can be seen that: the fire-retardant rating, impact strength and flexural modulus of the plastic-steel section bars in examples 1-3 are all higher than those in comparative examples 1-4, which shows that the plastic-steel section bars have good flame retardant property and mechanical property;
(2) from a comparison of the experimental results of comparative example 1 and example 3, it can be seen that: the addition of the modified basalt fiber in the formula effectively promotes the enhancement of the mechanical property of the plastic steel profile;
(3) from a comparison of the experimental results of comparative example 2 and example 3, it can be seen that: the basalt fibers are modified before the basalt fibers are added, so that the effective dispersion of the basalt fibers in a resin matrix can be effectively promoted, and the effective improvement of the mechanical property of a product is ensured;
(4) from a comparison of the experimental results of comparative examples 3 to 5 and example 3, it can be seen that: according to the application, the flame retardant aluminum hydroxide is modified, so that the effective dispersion of the aluminum hydroxide in a resin matrix can be effectively promoted, and the flame-retardant and fireproof performance of the whole plastic-steel profile can be effectively improved; moreover, the stearic acid modifier and the coupling agent modifier are cooperatively modified, so that the surface activity modification effect of the aluminum hydroxide is better than that of the stearic acid modifier used alone; furthermore, stearic acid and two coupling agents of different types are matched according to the proportion of the application and are used as the modifying agent, so that the modification effect can be obviously improved, and the fireproof performance of the whole plastic steel profile is effectively improved.
In conclusion, the plastic steel profile for the fire-resistant window has good mechanical property, excellent flame-retardant and fireproof performance and better processing performance in the processing process.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The plastic steel profile for the fire-resistant window is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 15-20 parts of filler, 8-12 parts of impact modifier, 10-20 parts of heat stabilizer, 5-8 parts of modified basalt fiber and 15-25 parts of composite flame retardant; the modified basalt fiber is prepared by soaking crushed basalt fiber in a fiber modifier;
the composite flame retardant comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of modified aluminum hydroxide and 3-5 parts of ammonium polyphosphate;
the modified aluminum hydroxide is prepared by modifying aluminum hydroxide with a surface modifier, wherein the surface modifier comprises stearic acid, tetrabutyl titanate and a silane coupling agent, the weight ratio of the components is as follows: stearic acid: tetrabutyl titanate: silane coupling agent ═ 1: 0.2-0.3: 0.12-0.15: 0.1 to 0.2;
the preparation method of the modified aluminum hydroxide comprises the following steps:
A1. weighing the components in proportion, wherein the particle size of the aluminum hydroxide is less than 2.0 microns;
A2. adding n-butyl alcohol into aluminum hydroxide powder, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 10-20 min, adding stearic acid, tetrabutyl titanate and a silane coupling agent, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 30-50 min;
A3. and removing the solvent and drying to obtain the modified aluminum hydroxide.
2. The plastic-steel profile for fire-resistant windows according to claim 1, wherein the fiber modifier comprises a titanate coupling agent and a silane coupling agent, and the weight ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the silane coupling agent is as follows: 1-2: 1; the preparation method of the modified basalt fiber comprises the following steps: and soaking the basalt fibers in a fiber modifier for 0.5-1 h, and drying for later use.
3. The plastic steel profile for fire resistant windows according to claim 1, wherein the heat stabilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: and (3) epoxy zinc oleate being 3-4: 1.
4. the plastic steel profile for fire resistant windows according to claim 1, wherein the impact modifier is impact resistant ACR.
5. The plastic steel profile for the fire-resistant window according to claim 1, further comprising the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of an antioxidant, 3-8 parts of an ultraviolet absorber and 2-3 parts of a lubricant.
6. The method for preparing the plastic steel profile for the fire-resistant window according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials in proportion;
(2) fully mixing the raw materials, adding the mixture into a kneader, and mixing for 10-20 min at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and extruding and molding the mixed material by an extruder to obtain the plastic steel profile.
7. The method for preparing the plastic steel profile for the fire-resistant window according to claim 6, wherein the extruder is a twin-screw extruder, the extrusion temperature of the extruder is 150-180 ℃, and the pressure of the extruder is 20-25 MPa.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010680921.2A CN111892784B (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Plastic steel profile for fire-resistant window and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108503970A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-09-07 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyvinyl chloride composite floor board |
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