CN111892388A - Ceramic cutter added with coating powder and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Ceramic cutter added with coating powder and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111892388A
CN111892388A CN202010849843.4A CN202010849843A CN111892388A CN 111892388 A CN111892388 A CN 111892388A CN 202010849843 A CN202010849843 A CN 202010849843A CN 111892388 A CN111892388 A CN 111892388A
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powder
parts
sio
caf
nano
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陈照强
郭念升
许崇海
肖光春
衣明东
张静婕
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Qilu University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a ceramic cutter added with coating powder and a preparation method and application thereof. The ceramic cutting tool comprises nano CaF as raw materials in parts by volume2@SiO25-15 parts of coating powder and Al2O359-66 parts of TiC 25.53-28.35 parts of MgO, 0.1-2 parts of Al2O3The volume ratio of TiC to TiC is 5-8: 3; compared with the traditional ceramic cutter preparation method, the method adopts a multi-time dispersion mode aiming at the problem that the nano powder is easy to agglomerate. In order to prevent the overlong ball milling process from damaging the structure of the coated powder body, the inventionAnd when the nano-coated powder is added in the later stage of ball milling, dispersing the nano-coated powder by adopting a dispersing agent and an ultrasonic dispersion mode, and then adding the nano-coated powder into a ball milling tank. The aggregation of nano coating powder is avoided, and the performance of the cutter is improved to a certain extent.

Description

Ceramic cutter added with coating powder and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic cutters, and particularly relates to a ceramic cutter added with coating powder, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
The high-speed dry cutting technology does not use cutting fluid in the cutting process, does not cause pollution to the environment, and is a novel green processing technology. However, the lack of cutting fluid for lubrication and cooling during high-speed dry cutting results in increased cutting force, increased cutting temperature, and increased cutting heat during cutting, which leads to deterioration of the surface quality of the machined workpiece. Therefore, the working condition of high-speed dry cutting processing puts higher requirements on the performance of the cutting tool, namely the cutting tool has higher high-temperature hardness and can keep higher cutting capability at high temperature; but also has higher fracture toughness and bears higher cutting force in the cutting process. The self-lubricating ceramic cutter is suitable for the requirements of high-speed dry cutting on the cutter, reduces the friction between the cutter and a processed workpiece, and finally realizes the reduction of cutting force and cutting heat.
The self-lubricating tool mainly has three modes for realizing self-lubricating: firstly, directly add solid lubricant to the cutter base member, this kind of mode of directly adding solid lubricant has reduced the friction between cutter and the work piece through the form that solid lubricant precipitates formation lubricating layer in the cutting process, realizes the self-lubricating of cutter. Gixiao weiwei prepares different nano calcium fluoride (CaF) by vacuum hot-pressing sintering2) Addition amount of Al2O3/TiB2/CaF2Self-lubricating ceramic cutting tool. The cutting test shows that: addition of 10 vol.% CaF2FromThe lubricated ceramic tool had a rake face coefficient of friction of 0.29 and a cutting temperature of 262 ℃, compared to the addition of 1 vol.% CaF2The ceramic cutter has the advantages that the friction coefficient of the front cutter surface is reduced by 57.5 percent, the cutting temperature is reduced by 12.7 percent, see Gixianhua, Von Yihua, Shipenghui, and the like2O3/TiB2/CaF2Cutting test study of self-lubricating ceramic tool [ J]Modern manufacturing projects, 2018(01): 98-103. Secondly, the self-lubricating effect of the cutter is achieved by utilizing the chemical reaction generated by the components of the cutter material in the cutting process to generate a reaction film with the lubricating effect. Li Bin is prepared from Al2O3Is a matrix, zirconium boride (ZrB)2) For reinforcing phase, zirconium oxide (ZrO)2) The self-lubricating mechanism of the in-situ reaction self-lubricating ceramic cutting tool material which is a disperse phase is mainly ZrB2ZrO is generated after the in-situ reaction2And B2O3See lie in Li Bin. in situ reaction self-lubricating ceramic cutter design development and its antifriction mechanism research [ D]University of Shandong, 2010. Thirdly, preparing a coating, a micro texture and the like on the surface of the cutter by utilizing a special processing technology, and introducing a solid lubricant to the surface of the cutter to realize self-lubrication of the ceramic cutter. Tungsten disulfide (WS) used in Nematoda leaf2) The self-lubricating cutter with the soft coating and the micro-nano texture is prepared by combining the soft coating and the micro-nano texture of the cutter. Cutting tests show that WS2Compared with the traditional hard alloy cutter, the soft coating micro-nano texture self-lubricating cutter has the advantages that the three-dimensional cutting force is reduced by 10-44%, the cutting temperature is reduced by 12-16%, and the average friction coefficient is reduced by 10-25%. The soft coating micro-nano texture self-lubricating cutter effectively reduces the roughness of the processed surface and prolongs the service life of the cutter, see cabbage leaf, preparation of the soft coating micro-nano texture self-lubricating cutter and research on cutting performance thereof [ D]However, the prior art has the problem that the mechanical property of the ceramic tool is reduced after the solid lubricant is added.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a ceramic cutting tool added with coating powder and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, a ceramic cutting tool added with coating powder comprises a substrate and nano CaF2@SiO2Coating powder, wherein the raw material of the substrate is Al2O3TiC and MgO.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ceramic cutting tool comprises nano CaF as each raw material in parts by volume2@SiO25-15 parts of coating powder and Al2O359-66 parts of TiC 25.53-28.35 parts of MgO, 0.1-2 parts of Al2O3The volume ratio of TiC to TiC is 5-8: 3; preferably, the ceramic cutting tool comprises nano CaF as raw materials in parts by volume2@SiO210-15 parts of coating powder and Al2O359.15-62.65 parts, TiC 25.53-26.85 parts and MgO0.5 part; preferably, the ceramic cutting tool comprises nano CaF as raw materials in parts by volume2@SiO210 parts of coated powder and Al2O362.65 parts, TiC 26.85 parts and MgO0.5 parts.
Nano CaF2@SiO2The coating powder is made of nano CaF2As a nucleus, is SiO2CaF of the Shell2@SiO2And (3) composite powder.
In a second aspect, the preparation method of the ceramic cutting tool added with the coating powder comprises the following specific steps:
mixing Al2O3Mixing TiC and MgO powder with absolute ethyl alcohol respectively, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain suspensions of the three kinds of powder respectively;
mixing the suspensions of the three kinds of powder to obtain a complex phase suspension;
mixing the complex phase suspension with the small balls and performing ball milling to obtain ball milling mixed liquor;
mixing a dispersant with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain an absolute ethyl alcohol solution of the dispersant;
mixing the nano CaF2@SiO2The coated powder is mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol solution of a dispersant to obtain CaF2@SiO2A suspension;
mixing CaF2@SiO2Mixing the suspension with a ball millMixing the mixed solution, ball milling, drying the ball-milled complex phase suspension, cold press molding and sintering to obtain the ceramic cutter.
In some embodiments of the invention, Al2O3The powder has an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 1 μm, the TiC powder has an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 1 μm, and the MgO powder has an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 5 μm. The powder in the particle size range is beneficial to the prepared ceramic cutter to have better particle size uniformity and is beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the ceramic cutter.
In some embodiments of the invention, Al2O3Is alpha-phase Al2O3。
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ultrasonic treatment time of the powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 20-40min in the preparation process of the three powder suspensions. Selecting an appropriate sonication time helps to improve dispersion.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ultrasonic treatment time for mixing the three powders to obtain the multiphase suspension is 10-30 min. The sonication time helps to improve the dispersion.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the small balls added in the ball milling process are cemented carbide balls YG6 or YG8, and the ratio of the weight of the small balls to the weight of the material is 5-15: 1. More preferably 8-12: 1. Ball milling of the pellets added in the ball milling in some embodiments of the present invention, the time of the ball milling of the mixed complex phase suspension of the three powders is 30 to 60 hours. The multiphase suspension formed by the three kinds of powder is ball-milled to ensure that the three kinds of powder are fully and uniformly dispersed, the ball-milling time is controlled within the range to ensure that the three kinds of powder are uniformly dispersed, and the structure of the powder cannot be damaged due to longer ball-milling time, so that the performance of the cutter is not influenced.
In some embodiments of the invention, the dispersant is polyethylene glycol 6000, the molecular weight is 5400-7800, the absolute ethanol is an ethanol water solution with the mass concentration of 99%, and the mass concentration of the dispersant in the absolute ethanol solution of the dispersant is 1-3%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the CaF is a nanoparticle2@SiO2The average particle diameter of the coated powder is 30-100 nm. Coating ofThe particle size of the powder affects the mechanical strength of the tool.
In some embodiments of the invention, CaF2@SiO2The suspension is mixed with the ball milling mixed liquid for ball milling for 2-10 h. After the base material is ball milled for a period of time, CaF is added2@SiO2Continuing the ball milling to CaF2@SiO2The reason for the shorter ball milling is to prevent the longer ball milling time from damaging the core-shell structure of the coated powder.
In some embodiments of the invention, the dispersant is added in an amount of nano-CaF2@SiO20.5-2% of the coating powder. The addition of the dispersant influences the dispersibility of the obtained cutter, and the nano CaF2@SiO2The coated powder has the function of refining grains, and can improve the density of the ceramic cutter. Therefore, the dispersant can change the nano CaF2@SiO2The powder coating agent has better fusion capability with other components in the cutter, is more favorable for obtaining the cutter with better density, and avoids the defect of a certain position of the cutter.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of drying is 60-120 ℃ and the time of drying is 20-30 h.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cold pressing time is 10 to 30 min. The cold pressing has the effects that each component forms a blank with certain strength, and the cold pressing time is controlled within the range: the powder is more compact, and the hot-pressing sintering is more facilitated.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hot-pressing sintering conditions are a sintering temperature of 1350-1750 ℃, a heat preservation time of 10-60 min, a temperature rise speed of 10-30 ℃/min, and a hot-pressing pressure of 10-50 MPa. Further preferably, the sintering temperature is 1550-1700 ℃, the heat preservation time is 20-40min, the temperature rise speed is 15-25 ℃/min, and the hot pressing pressure is 25-35 MPa.
In a third aspect, the ceramic cutting tool added with the coated powder is applied to the field of high-speed dry cutting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional ceramic cutter preparation method, the invention adopts a multiple dispersion mode aiming at the problem that the nano powder is easy to agglomerate. In order to prevent the structure of the coated powder from being damaged by an overlong ball milling process, when the nano coated powder is added in the later stage of ball milling, the nano coated powder is dispersed by adopting a dispersing agent and an ultrasonic dispersion mode and then is added into a ball milling tank. Compared with a single ultrasonic dispersion mode, the mode can better disperse the nano-coated powder, effectively improves the dispersibility of the nano-coated powder in a ceramic matrix material, avoids the aggregation of the nano-coated powder, and improves the performance of the cutter to a certain extent.
The invention adopts nano CaF2@SiO2The coated powder is used as a solid lubricant to replace the traditional nano CaF2The solid lubricant is used for preparing the self-lubricating ceramic cutter, so that the influence of the addition of the solid lubricant on the performance of the self-lubricating ceramic cutter is reduced. Prepared additive nano CaF2@SiO2The self-lubricating ceramic cutter coated with the powder shows that the nano CaF is added in proportion2The self-lubricating ceramic cutter has more excellent performance, namely nano CaF2@SiO2SiO in coated powder2The coating layer plays a role in refining grains, and the density of the cutter can be improved. The addition of the coating particles changes the fracture mode of the cutter to a certain extent, increases the transgranular fracture of the ceramic cutter, and the transgranular fracture can consume more fracture energy. Nano CaF2@SiO2The addition of the coating powder improves the comprehensive mechanical property of the ceramic cutter on the whole. The added nano CaF prepared by the invention2@SiO2The self-lubricating ceramic cutter coated with the powder has excellent performance, and the invention also has the characteristics of low cost, simple preparation process and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 shows the addition of nano CaF prepared in example 22@SiO2Powder-coated Al2O3Scanning electron of/TiC self-lubricating ceramic cutter sectionMicroscope (SEM).
FIG. 2 shows the addition of nano CaF prepared in comparative example 12Powdery Al2O3A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) picture of the section of the TiC self-lubricating ceramic cutter.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Nano CaF2@SiO2The preparation method of the coating powder comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 1-6 g of nano CaF2Adding the powder into an alcohol solution containing a dispersing agent, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 30-60 min, placing the powder into a magnetic stirrer, heating the powder in a water bath, and rapidly stirring the powder, wherein the temperature is kept between 35 ℃ and 45 ℃.
(2) Adding 2.5-15 mL of distilled water into the solution, and then adding a proper amount of ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 8-10.
(3) And slowly dropwise adding Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) into the mixed solution, continuously heating after dropwise adding is finished, and rapidly stirring for 4-12 hours.
(4) And centrifuging the obtained suspension for 10-30min, and washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 3-5 times after centrifugation.
(5) Adding the centrifuged wet gel into a solution of n-butanol and distilled water at a ratio of 6: 4-4.5, ultrasonically stirring for 30min, removing water in the solution under the heating of an oil bath at 93 ℃, drying the powder under the heating of an oil bath at 117 ℃, and obtaining the nano CaF2As a core, SiO2CaF2@ SiO as a shell2And (3) composite powder.
In the following examples, Al2O3The average particle size of the powder is 0.5-1 μm; the average grain diameter of the TiC powder is 0.5-1 mu m; the average grain diameter of the MgO powder is 0.1-5 μm; nano CaF2@SiO2The average particle diameter of the coated powder is 30-100 nm. The polyethylene glycol used is PEG 6000.
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples
Example 1
The raw material ratio is Al2O366.15 parts by volume, 28.35 parts by volume of TiC, 0.5 parts by volume of MgO and nano CaF2@SiO2The volume part of the coated powder is 5 parts.
Weighing the Al2O3Respectively placing TiC and MgO powder in a beaker, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the beaker, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 40min, and dispersing the dispersed Al2O3TiC and MgO suspensions were mixed, dispersed ultrasonically and stirred for 20 min. And adding the dispersed complex phase suspension into a ball milling tank, weighing the small balls according to the ball-to-material ratio of 10:1, adding the small balls into the ball milling tank, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and carrying out ball milling for 45 hours. Putting polyethylene glycol into a beaker, adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, and stirring until the polyethylene glycol is completely dissolved. Weighing nanometer CaF2@SiO2Coating the powder, placing in a beaker, adding anhydrous ethanol solution containing polyethylene glycol, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 20min to obtain CaF2@SiO2And (3) suspension. Mixing CaF2@SiO2Adding the suspension into a ball milling tank containing the complex phase suspension, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and continuing ball milling for 6 hours. And (3) carrying out vacuum drying on the complex phase suspension obtained after ball milling for 25h in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 110 ℃ so as to completely remove the absolute ethyl alcohol in the complex phase suspension. Sieving and cold-pressing the dried powder, and sintering according to the following steps: the sintering temperature is 1650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 20min, the temperature rise speed is 25 ℃/min, the hot pressing pressure is 30MPa, and the hot pressing sintering is carried out in a vacuum hot pressing sintering furnace to obtain the added nano CaF2@SiO2A ceramic cutter coated with powder.
Produced self-lubricating ceramic knifeThe Vickers hardness, the bending strength and the fracture toughness obtained by testing the mechanical properties of the cut, rough ground, ground and polished materials are respectively 14.73GPa, 542MPa and 4.67 MPa.m1/2。
Example 2
The raw material ratio is Al2O362.65 parts by volume, 26.85 parts by volume of TiC, 0.5 part by volume of MgO and nano CaF2@SiO2And 10 parts of coating powder.
Weighing the Al2O3Respectively placing TiC and MgO powder in a beaker, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the beaker, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 40min, and dispersing the dispersed Al2O3TiC and MgO suspensions were mixed, dispersed ultrasonically and stirred for 20 min. And adding the dispersed complex phase suspension into a ball milling tank, weighing the small balls according to the ball-to-material ratio of 10:1, adding the small balls into the ball milling tank, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and carrying out ball milling for 45 hours. Putting polyethylene glycol into a beaker, adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, and stirring until the polyethylene glycol is completely dissolved. Weighing nanometer CaF2@SiO2Coating the powder, placing in a beaker, adding anhydrous ethanol solution containing polyethylene glycol, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 20min to obtain CaF2@SiO2And (3) suspension. Mixing CaF2@SiO2Adding the suspension into a ball milling tank containing the complex phase suspension, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and continuing ball milling for 6 hours. And (3) carrying out vacuum drying on the complex phase suspension obtained after ball milling for 25h in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 110 ℃ so as to completely remove the absolute ethyl alcohol in the complex phase suspension. Sieving and cold-pressing the dried powder, and sintering according to the following steps: the sintering temperature is 1650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 20min, the temperature rise speed is 25 ℃/min, the hot pressing pressure is 30MPa, and the hot pressing sintering is carried out in a vacuum hot pressing sintering furnace to obtain the added nano CaF2@SiO2A ceramic cutter coated with powder.
The self-lubricating ceramic cutter is subjected to cutting, rough grinding, grinding and polishing, and then is subjected to mechanical property test, and the Vickers hardness, the bending strength and the fracture toughness obtained by the test are respectively 15.48GPa, 579MPa and 5.69 MPa.m1/2。
Adding nano CaF2@SiO2Coating ofPowdery Al2O3The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and EDS energy spectrum analysis photographs of the TiC self-lubricating ceramic cutter section are shown in figure 1, the grain size of the ceramic cutter is reduced, the transgranular fracture in the ceramic cutter is increased, more fracture energy can be consumed by the transgranular fracture, and the improvement of the performance of the ceramic material is facilitated. Adding nano CaF2@SiO2The grain boundary of the granular ceramic cutter is more fuzzy, a large amount of molten substances appear, and the compactness of the cutter is improved. Nano CaF2@SiO2The coating particles have a filling effect during sintering, so that the base material becomes compact during sintering, the effect of refining grains is also achieved, and the overall mechanical property of the cutter is improved.
Example 3
The raw material ratio is Al2O359.15 parts by volume, 25.53 parts by volume of TiC, 0.5 part by volume of MgO and nano CaF2@SiO2And 15 parts of coating powder by volume.
Weighing the Al2O3Respectively placing TiC and MgO powder in a beaker, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the beaker, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 40min, and dispersing the dispersed Al2O3TiC and MgO suspensions were mixed, dispersed ultrasonically and stirred for 20 min. And adding the dispersed complex phase suspension into a ball milling tank, weighing the small balls according to the ball-to-material ratio of 10:1, adding the small balls into the ball milling tank, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and carrying out ball milling for 45 hours. Putting polyethylene glycol into a beaker, adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, and stirring until the polyethylene glycol is completely dissolved. Weighing nanometer CaF2@SiO2Coating the powder, placing in a beaker, adding anhydrous ethanol solution containing polyethylene glycol, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 20min to obtain CaF2@SiO2And (3) suspension. Mixing CaF2@SiO2Adding the suspension into a ball milling tank containing the complex phase suspension, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and continuing ball milling for 6 hours. And (3) carrying out vacuum drying on the complex phase suspension obtained after ball milling for 25h in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 110 ℃ so as to completely remove the absolute ethyl alcohol in the complex phase suspension. Sieving and cold-pressing the dried powder, and sintering according to the following steps: the sintering temperature is 1650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 20min, the temperature rise speed is 25 ℃/min, and the hot pressing pressure is30MPa, performing hot-pressing sintering in a vacuum hot-pressing sintering furnace to obtain the added nano CaF2@SiO2A ceramic cutter coated with powder.
The self-lubricating ceramic cutter is subjected to cutting, rough grinding, grinding and polishing, and then is subjected to mechanical property test, and the Vickers hardness, the bending strength and the fracture toughness obtained by the test are respectively 14.93GPa, 519MPa and 5.33 MPa.m1/2。
Example 4
The raw material ratio is Al2O366.15 parts by volume, 28.35 parts by volume of TiC, 0.5 parts by volume of MgO and nano CaF2@SiO2The volume part of the coated powder is 5 parts.
Weighing the Al2O3Respectively placing TiC and MgO powder in a beaker, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the beaker, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 40min, and dispersing the dispersed Al2O3TiC and MgO suspensions were mixed, dispersed ultrasonically and stirred for 20 min. And adding the dispersed complex phase suspension into a ball milling tank, weighing the small balls according to the ball-to-material ratio of 10:1, adding the small balls into the ball milling tank, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and carrying out ball milling for 45 hours. Putting polyethylene glycol into a beaker, adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, and stirring until the polyethylene glycol is completely dissolved. Weighing nanometer CaF2@SiO2Coating the powder, placing in a beaker, adding anhydrous ethanol solution containing polyethylene glycol, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 20min to obtain CaF2@SiO2And (3) suspension. Mixing CaF2@SiO2Adding the suspension into a ball milling tank containing the complex phase suspension, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and continuing ball milling for 2 h. And (3) carrying out vacuum drying on the complex phase suspension obtained after ball milling for 25h in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 110 ℃ so as to completely remove the absolute ethyl alcohol in the complex phase suspension. Sieving and cold-pressing the dried powder, and sintering according to the following steps: sintering at 1600 deg.C for 15min, heating at 25 deg.C/min and hot-pressing at 30MPa in a vacuum hot-pressing sintering furnace to obtain nanometer CaF2@SiO2A ceramic cutter coated with powder.
The prepared self-lubricating ceramic cutter is subjected to mechanics after cutting, coarse grinding, grinding and polishingThe Vickers hardness, the bending strength and the fracture toughness obtained by the performance test are respectively 14.22GPa, 519MPa and 4.41 MPa.m1/2。
It can be seen from the comparison of example 1 and example 4 that the mechanical properties are reduced when the ball milling time of the coated powder is reduced.
Comparative example 1
The raw material ratio is Al2O362.65 parts by volume, 26.85 parts by volume of TiC, 0.5 part by volume of MgO and nano CaF2And 10 parts of powder by volume.
Weighing the Al2O3Respectively placing TiC and MgO powder in a beaker, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the beaker, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 40min, and dispersing the dispersed Al2O3TiC and MgO suspensions were mixed, dispersed ultrasonically and stirred for 20 min. And adding the dispersed complex phase suspension into a ball milling tank, weighing the small balls according to the ball-to-material ratio of 10:1, adding the small balls into the ball milling tank, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and carrying out ball milling for 45 hours. Putting polyethylene glycol into a beaker, adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, and stirring until the polyethylene glycol is completely dissolved. Weighing nanometer CaF2@SiO2Coating the powder, placing in a beaker, adding anhydrous ethanol solution containing polyethylene glycol, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 20min to obtain CaF2@SiO2And (3) suspension. Mixing CaF2@SiO2Adding the suspension into a ball milling tank containing the complex phase suspension, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and continuing ball milling for 6 hours. And (3) carrying out vacuum drying on the complex phase suspension obtained after ball milling for 25h in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 110 ℃ so as to completely remove the absolute ethyl alcohol in the complex phase suspension. Sieving and cold-pressing the dried powder, and sintering according to the following steps: the sintering temperature is 1650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 20min, the temperature rise speed is 25 ℃/min, the hot pressing pressure is 30MPa, and the hot pressing sintering is carried out in a vacuum hot pressing sintering furnace to obtain the added nano CaF2@SiO2A ceramic cutter coated with powder.
The self-lubricating ceramic cutter is subjected to cutting, rough grinding, grinding and polishing, and then is subjected to mechanical property test, and the Vickers hardness, the bending strength and the fracture toughness obtained by the test are respectively 14.55GPa, 478MPa and 4.89 MPa.m1/2。
Adding nano CaF2Powdery Al2O3FIG. 2 shows a scanning electron micrograph of a TiC self-lubricating ceramic cutting tool cross-section, in which white nano CaF exists in the crystal grains of the base material2Particles of nano CaF in sintering process2The grains and the matrix grains form an in-crystal structure, the performance of the ceramic material is improved to a certain degree, and the addition of the nano CaF can be seen2Grain size ratio of particle ceramic cutter added with nano CaF2@SiO2The ceramic cutter coated with the particles was large and the average grain size was 4 μm. Almost no nano CaF is found on the intercrystalline surface of the matrix material2And particles, which form fewer intergranular structures. Adding nano CaF2The ceramic cutting tool of the particles is broken mainly along the crystal, and a small amount of crystal penetration breakage exists.
By adding nano CaF2@SiO2Coating powder to replace nano CaF2The self-lubricating ceramic cutter prepared from the powder can keep higher mechanical property and has lubricating property. The mechanical properties of the prepared ceramic cutting tool show that the nano CaF is added2@SiO2The integral performance of the self-lubricating cutter coated with the powder is higher than that of the cutter added with nano CaF2Self-lubricating cutter of powder. By adding the coating powder, the ceramic cutter has lubricating property and keeps higher mechanical property.
Comparative example 2
The raw material ratio is Al2O362.65 parts by volume, 26.85 parts by volume of TiC, 0.5 part by volume of MgO and nano CaF2@SiO2And 10 parts of coating powder.
Weighing the Al2O3Respectively placing TiC and MgO powder in a beaker, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the beaker, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 40min, and dispersing the dispersed Al2O3TiC and MgO suspensions were mixed, dispersed ultrasonically and stirred for 20 min. And adding the dispersed complex phase suspension into a ball milling tank, weighing the small balls according to the ball-to-material ratio of 10:1, adding the small balls into the ball milling tank, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and carrying out ball milling for 45 hours. Mixing polyethyleneThe glycol is put into a beaker, added with a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol and stirred until the glycol is completely dissolved. Weighing nanometer CaF2@SiO2Coating the powder, placing in a beaker, adding anhydrous ethanol solution containing polyethylene glycol, ultrasonically dispersing and stirring for 20min to obtain CaF2@SiO2And (3) suspension. Mixing CaF2@SiO2Adding the suspension into a ball milling tank containing the complex phase suspension, filling nitrogen as protective gas, and continuing ball milling for 6 hours. And (3) carrying out vacuum drying on the complex phase suspension obtained after ball milling for 25h in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 110 ℃ so as to completely remove the absolute ethyl alcohol in the complex phase suspension. Sieving and cold-pressing the dried powder, and sintering according to the following steps: the sintering temperature is 1650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 20min, the temperature rise speed is 25 ℃/min, the hot pressing pressure is 30MPa, and the hot pressing sintering is carried out in a vacuum hot pressing sintering furnace to obtain the added nano CaF2@SiO2A ceramic cutter coated with powder.
The self-lubricating ceramic cutter is subjected to cutting, rough grinding, grinding and polishing, and then is subjected to mechanical property test, and the Vickers hardness, the bending strength and the fracture toughness obtained by the test are respectively 15.01GPa, 531MPa and 5.04 MPa.m1/2。
It can be seen from the comparison between example 2 and comparative example 2 that the addition of a dispersant during the preparation process can contribute to the improvement of the mechanical properties of the cutting tool.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A ceramic cutting tool added with coating powder is characterized in that: comprises a substrate and nano CaF2@SiO2Coating powder, wherein the raw material of the substrate is Al2O3TiC and MgO.
2. The ceramic cutting tool added with the coated powder according to claim 1, wherein: of said ceramic toolThe volume parts of the raw materials are nano CaF2@SiO25-15 parts of coating powder and Al2O359-66 parts of TiC 25.53-28.35 parts of MgO0.1-2 parts of Al2O3The volume ratio of TiC to TiC is 5-8: 3; preferably, the ceramic cutting tool comprises nano CaF as raw materials in parts by volume2@SiO210-15 parts of coating powder and Al2O359.15-62.65 parts, TiC 25.53-26.85 parts and MgO0.5 part; preferably, the ceramic cutting tool comprises nano CaF as raw materials in parts by volume2@SiO210 parts of coated powder and Al2O362.65 parts, TiC 26.85 parts and MgO0.5 part.
3. The method for preparing the ceramic cutting tool added with the coated powder according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
mixing Al2O3Mixing TiC and MgO powder with absolute ethyl alcohol respectively, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain suspensions of the three kinds of powder respectively;
mixing the suspensions of the three kinds of powder to obtain a complex phase suspension;
mixing the complex phase suspension with the small balls and performing ball milling to obtain ball milling mixed liquor;
mixing a dispersant with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain an absolute ethyl alcohol solution of the dispersant;
mixing the nano CaF2@SiO2The coated powder is mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol solution of a dispersant to obtain CaF2@SiO2A suspension;
mixing CaF2@SiO2And mixing the suspension with the ball-milling mixed solution, then carrying out ball milling, drying, cold press molding and sintering the ball-milled complex phase suspension to obtain the ceramic cutter.
4. The method for preparing the ceramic cutting tool added with the coated powder according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: al (Al)2O3The powder has an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 1 μm, the TiC powder has an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 1 μm, and the MgO powder has an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 5 μm.
5. The method for preparing the ceramic cutting tool added with the coated powder according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: al (Al)2O3Is alpha-phase Al2O3。
6. The method for preparing the ceramic cutting tool added with the coated powder according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the preparation process of the three powder suspensions, the ultrasonic treatment time of the powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 20-40 min.
7. The method for preparing the ceramic cutting tool added with the coated powder according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: mixing the three kinds of powder to obtain a multiphase suspension, wherein the ultrasonic treatment time is 10-30 min;
or the small balls added in the ball milling process are hard alloy balls YG6 or YG8, and the ratio of the mass of the small balls to the mass of the material is 5-15: 1; further preferably 8-12: 1;
or the ball milling time of the mutual suspension liquid of the three mixed powders is 30-60 h.
8. The method for preparing the ceramic cutting tool added with the coated powder according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the dispersing agent is polyethylene glycol 6000, the molecular weight is 5400-7800, the absolute ethanol is an ethanol water solution with the mass concentration of 99%, and the mass concentration of the dispersing agent in the absolute ethanol solution of the dispersing agent is 1-3%;
or, nano CaF2@SiO2The average particle size of the coated powder is 30-100 nm;
or, CaF2@SiO2Mixing the suspension with the ball milling mixed solution for ball milling for 2-10 h;
or the addition amount of the dispersing agent is nano CaF2@SiO20.5-2% of the coating powder.
9. The method for preparing the ceramic cutting tool added with the coated powder according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the drying temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the drying time is 20-30 h;
or, the cold pressing time is 10-30 min;
or, the hot-pressing sintering conditions are that the sintering temperature is 1350-1750 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10-60 min, the temperature rise speed is 10-30 ℃/min, and the hot-pressing pressure is 10-50 MPa; preferably, the sintering temperature is 1550-1700 ℃, the heat preservation time is 20-40min, the temperature rise speed is 15-25 ℃/min, and the hot pressing pressure is 25-35 MPa.
10. The use of the coated powder added ceramic cutting tool according to claim 1 or 2 in the field of high speed dry cutting.
CN202010849843.4A 2020-08-21 2020-08-21 Ceramic cutter added with coating powder and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN111892388A (en)

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