CN111890862A - Method for solving steering wheel shimmy by selecting hydraulic bushing - Google Patents
Method for solving steering wheel shimmy by selecting hydraulic bushing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111890862A CN111890862A CN202010714485.6A CN202010714485A CN111890862A CN 111890862 A CN111890862 A CN 111890862A CN 202010714485 A CN202010714485 A CN 202010714485A CN 111890862 A CN111890862 A CN 111890862A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
- B60G7/04—Buffer means for limiting movement of arms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/40—Type of actuator
- B60G2202/41—Fluid actuator
- B60G2202/413—Hydraulic actuator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
- B60G2400/20—Speed
- B60G2400/204—Vehicle speed
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of steering wheel shimmy improvement methods, and particularly relates to a method for solving steering wheel shimmy by selecting a hydraulic bushing; firstly, determining the vehicle speed when the shimmy of a steering wheel is the most serious in the high-speed running of a vehicle, calculating the shimmy frequency of the steering wheel when the shimmy problem is the most serious in the high-speed running of the vehicle according to the obtained vehicle speed, and selecting different hydraulic bushings as rear bushings of a lower control arm of a front suspension of the vehicle when the corresponding frequency is closest to the shimmy frequency of the steering wheel when the shimmy problem is the most serious in the high-speed running of the vehicle when the maximum damping angle of the hydraulic bushings appears so as to improve the shimmy problem of the steering wheel of the vehicle; on the premise of ensuring that the rigidity of the rear bushing of the control arm under the front suspension is not changed, the hydraulic bushing with the optimal damping characteristic is selected as the rear bushing of the control arm under the front suspension, and the problem of steering wheel shimmy is solved under the condition that other performances are not influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steering wheel shimmy improvement methods, and particularly relates to a method for solving steering wheel shimmy by selecting a hydraulic bushing.
Background
At present, shimmy of a steering wheel during high-speed running is one of vibration noise problems commonly existing in automobiles, the shimmy of the steering wheel is easy to occur under a high-speed (more than 100 km/h) straight line running working condition, the longer the straight line constant-speed running distance is, the more shimmy is easy to occur, the driving comfort, the operation stability and the safety of the automobile are influenced, and the abrasion of tires is accelerated, so that the improvement of the shimmy of the steering wheel has important significance for improving the performance of the whole automobile.
A method for optimizing steering wheel shimmy under high-speed working conditions in the prior art comprises the following steps: establishing a finished automobile finite element model of the automobile, and loading characteristic parameters of a front swing arm rear bushing in the finished automobile finite element model for multiple times; performing action unbalance excitation response analysis on the tires based on the finished automobile finite element model to obtain response peak frequency corresponding to each characteristic parameter and automobile speed corresponding to each response peak frequency when the steering wheel is shimmy; and determining the optimal characteristic parameters according to the vehicle speeds, wherein the optimal characteristic parameters are the characteristic parameters corresponding to the determined optimal vehicle speeds in the vehicle speeds. The method mainly relates to the optimization of rigidity parameters of a front swing arm rear bushing and the dynamic balance adjustment of the tire, and does not relate to the optimization of damping parameters of the bushing.
Also as in the prior art, a system for mitigating shimmy of a wheel of a vehicle includes a shimmy detection device that detects whether oscillation/shimmy of a steering angle of the wheel has occurred. The system also includes a brake that applies a braking load to reduce a speed at which the wheel rotates about the axis. Further, the system includes a controller that controls the brake to selectively apply the braking load to reduce the oscillation/shimmy of the steering angle of the wheel. The method solves the problem of steering wheel shimmy by selectively applying braking load through detecting the shimmy condition of the wheel, and does not relate to the optimization of the damping characteristic of a rear bushing of a control arm under a front suspension.
As another example, in the prior art, a steering wheel shimmy testing apparatus includes a first sensor group, where the first sensor group is mounted on a front suspension system; the second sensor group is arranged on the steering system; and the first sensor group and the second sensor group are in communication connection with the data memory. Therefore, the vibration conditions of a plurality of positions in the front suspension system and the steering system can be detected through the first sensor group and the second sensor group respectively, the data collected by the first sensor group and the second sensor group are stored through the data storage device, the data are analyzed conveniently, the front suspension system and the steering system are adjusted according to the analysis result, and the problem of steering wheel shimmy is solved. The steering wheel shimmy testing device is good in testing effect, and can better assist a tester to analyze the vibration forms of a plurality of positions in a vehicle, so that the tester can improve the problem of steering wheel shimmy. The device is only a device for testing the shimmy problem of the steering wheel, and does not relate to the optimization of the damping characteristic of a rear bushing of a control arm under a front suspension and a specific solution of the shimmy problem.
In summary, in combination with other prior arts, it can be known that the current solution to the problem of shimmy of the steering wheel of the automobile is mainly to adjust the stiffness parameter of the bushing associated with the suspension, or to adopt a steering system with higher cost, or to add an active control system. Where adjusting stiffness parameters of suspension related bushings causes variations in other properties such as vehicle handling stability and smoothness, the use of more costly steering systems or the addition of active control systems can result in increased costs.
Therefore, how to solve the problem of steering wheel shimmy on the premise of ensuring that the rigidity of a rear bushing of a control arm under a front suspension is not changed is a problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a method for solving the shimmy of the steering wheel by selecting a hydraulic bushing, which adjusts the damping characteristic of the bushing to be optimal on the premise of ensuring that the rigidity of the bushing behind a control arm under a front suspension is not changed, and solves the shimmy problem of the steering wheel under the condition of not influencing other performances.
A method for solving the problem of steering wheel shimmy by selecting a hydraulic bushing comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the vehicle speed V when the steering wheel shimmy is the most serious in the high-speed running of the vehicle, wherein the unit is km/h:
preliminarily judging the vehicle speed V 'when the steering wheel has the most serious shimmy through the subjective feeling of a driver, enabling the same vehicle to run at a constant speed according to the speed of V', V '+ 10km/h, V' -10 km/h, V '+ 20km/h and V' -20 km/h respectively, testing the vibration acceleration total values of nine points and twelve points of the steering wheel under the five vehicle speeds respectively, wherein the corresponding vehicle speed is the vehicle speed V when the shimmy problem is the most serious in the high-speed running of the vehicle when the vibration acceleration total values of the two measuring points under the five vehicle speeds are the maximum values;
step two, determining the shimmy frequency f of the steering wheel when the shimmy problem is the most serious in high-speed running of the vehicle, wherein the unit is Hz:
f is V/(3.6S), wherein V is the vehicle speed when the shimmy problem is the most serious in high-speed running of the vehicle, and S is the circumference of one tire of the vehicle and has the unit of m;
step three, selecting a plurality of hydraulic bushings with different maximum damping angles, the frequencies of which are equal to the shimmy frequency f in the step two when the hydraulic bushings have the maximum damping angles, as rear bushings of a lower control arm of a front suspension of the same vehicle respectively, and enabling the vehicle provided with the different hydraulic bushings to run according to the vehicle speed V obtained in the step one when the shimmy problem is the most serious in high-speed running of the vehicle;
and step four, respectively testing the vibration acceleration total values of nine points and twelve points of the steering wheel of the vehicle provided with different hydraulic bushings in the step three in the driving process, and selecting the hydraulic bushings arranged on the vehicle as the hydraulic bushings for improving the shimmy problem of the steering wheel of the vehicle when the vibration acceleration total values of the nine points and the twelve points of the steering wheel reach target values.
And step four, selecting the maximum damping angle value of the hydraulic bushing as the minimum limit value of the maximum damping angle of the hydraulic bushing required for improving the shimmy problem of the steering wheel, and selecting the hydraulic bushing of which the maximum damping angle value is greater than or equal to the minimum limit value and the corresponding frequency is equal to the shimmy frequency f in the step two when the maximum damping angle of the hydraulic bushing occurs as the rear bushing of the lower control arm of the front suspension of the vehicle to improve the shimmy problem of the steering wheel.
And in the first step, a three-axis vibration sensor is used for testing vibration acceleration total values at nine-point and twelve-point positions of the steering wheel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method provided by the invention, on the premise of ensuring that the rigidity of the rear bushing of the control arm under the front suspension is not changed, the hydraulic bushing with the optimal damping characteristic is selected as the rear bushing of the control arm under the front suspension, and the problem of steering wheel shimmy is solved under the condition that other performances are not influenced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a bar chart of the total vibration acceleration value along with the vehicle speed, using a hydraulic bushing to improve the positions of two measuring points of a front steering wheel in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of damping angle versus frequency for two hydraulic bushings during vehicle operation in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a bar chart of the vibration acceleration total value along with the vehicle speed variation of the two measuring points of the steering wheel after the hydraulic bushing is used for improving the vibration acceleration total value along with the vehicle speed variation in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
A method for solving the problem of steering wheel shimmy by selecting a hydraulic bushing comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, step one, determining the vehicle speed V when the steering wheel shimmy is the most serious in the high-speed running of the vehicle, wherein the unit is km/h:
preliminarily judging the vehicle speed V' when the steering wheel shimmys most seriously through the subjective feeling of a driver110km/h, and respectively carrying out uniform speed running on the same vehicle according to the speed of V ', V ' +10km/h, V ' -10 km/h, V ' +20km/h and V ' -20 km/h, and respectively testing the vibration acceleration total value of nine points and twelve points of the steering wheel under the five vehicle speeds, wherein the unit is m/s2When the total vibration acceleration values of the two measuring points under the five vehicle speeds are the maximum values, the corresponding vehicle speed is the vehicle speed V when the shimmy problem occurs most seriously in the high-speed running of the vehicle, and the V is 120 km/h; (that is, under five vehicle speeds, the vehicle speed corresponding to the maximum value of the five total values of the vibration acceleration measured at the nine points of the steering wheel is the same as the vehicle speed corresponding to the maximum value of the five total values of the vibration acceleration measured at the twelve points of the steering wheel under the five vehicle speeds, and the corresponding vehicle speed is the vehicle speed V when the shimmy problem occurs most seriously during the high-speed running of the vehicle)
Wherein the vibration acceleration total value of the steering wheel at nine-point and twelve-point positions is tested by using a three-axis vibration sensor.
Step two, determining the shimmy frequency f of the steering wheel when the shimmy problem is the most serious in high-speed running of the vehicle, wherein the unit is Hz:
f is V/(3.6S), wherein V is the vehicle speed when the shimmy problem is the most serious in high-speed running of the vehicle, S is the circumference of one tire of the vehicle, and the unit is m, and f is 17 Hz;
step three, selecting a plurality of hydraulic bushings with different maximum damping angles, the frequencies of which are equal to the shimmy frequency f in the step two when the hydraulic bushings have the maximum damping angles, as rear bushings of a lower control arm of a front suspension of the same vehicle respectively, and enabling the vehicle provided with the different hydraulic bushings to run according to the vehicle speed V obtained in the step one when the shimmy problem is the most serious in high-speed running of the vehicle;
step four, respectively testing the vibration acceleration total value of the vehicle provided with different hydraulic bushings in the step three at the nine-point and twelve-point positions of the steering wheel in the driving process, wherein the unit is m/s2When the total vibration acceleration values at the nine-point and twelve-point positions of the steering wheel reach the target values, the hydraulic bushing installed on the vehicle is selected as the hydraulic bushing for improving the shimmy problem of the steering wheel of the vehicle. This exampleWhen the vibration acceleration total value at nine-point and twelve-point positions of the middle steering wheel reaches the target value, the hydraulic bushing installed on the vehicle is the hydraulic bushing with the maximum damping angle of 32.1 degrees.
Wherein the target values of the total value of the vibration acceleration at the nine-point and twelve-point positions of the steering wheel are values set in advance according to the degree of the shimmy of the steering wheel to be solved.
As shown in fig. 2, two hydraulic bushings with maximum damping angles of 24 degrees and 32.1 degrees are used as rear bushings of lower control arms of front suspensions of vehicles, and the damping angles of the two hydraulic bushings in the running of the vehicles change with frequency in the running process of the vehicles at the vehicle speed V when the shimmy problem is the most serious in the high-speed running process, wherein the corresponding frequencies of the two hydraulic bushings in the running process of the vehicles are equal to the shimmy frequency f of the steering wheel when the shimmy problem is the most serious in the high-speed running process of the vehicles measured in the step two;
and step four, selecting the maximum damping angle value of the hydraulic bushing as the minimum limit value of the maximum damping angle of the hydraulic bushing required for improving the shimmy problem of the steering wheel, and selecting the hydraulic bushing of which the maximum damping angle value is greater than or equal to the minimum limit value and the corresponding frequency is equal to the shimmy frequency f in the step two when the maximum damping angle of the hydraulic bushing occurs as the rear bushing of the lower control arm of the front suspension of the vehicle to improve the shimmy problem of the steering wheel.
As shown in FIG. 3, a hydraulic bushing having a maximum damping angle of 32.1 degrees is used as a rear bushing of a lower control arm of a front suspension of a vehicle, and the vehicle is driven at a vehicle speed of V 'of 110km/h, V' +10km/h, V '-10 km/h and V'
The constant-speed driving is carried out at speeds of +20km/h and V' -20 km/h, the total vibration acceleration values at nine points and twelve points of the steering wheel are respectively tested under the five speeds, and compared with the figure 1, the steering wheel shimmy is greatly reduced, and the method has obvious effect.
The hydraulic bushing can provide damping in the overall vehicle Y direction.
Determining the vehicle speed V (km/h) with the most serious shimmy problem during high-speed running:
preliminarily estimating the vehicle speed V 'with the most serious shimmy problem through subjective driving evaluation, and selecting V'; v' +/-10 km/h; v' +/-20 km/h, and the vehicle speed is determined as the vehicle speed V with the most serious shimmy problem when the vibration values of the two measuring points are maximum.
The principle of the method of the invention is as follows: the steering wheel shimmy phenomenon of the vehicle is judged to be caused by the fact that a certain amount of dynamic unbalance exists in rotating parts in a running system of the vehicle, the rotating parts comprise a wheel assembly, a brake disc and the like, the certain amount of dynamic unbalance exists, when the vehicle runs at a high speed and at a constant speed, the excitation frequency of centrifugal inertia force generated by the dynamic unbalance is close to the frequency of vibration of a steering wheel around a main pin, so that the steering wheel generates strong shimmy, and the strong shimmy is transmitted to the steering wheel through a steering system to cause the steering wheel shimmy. Therefore, the method solves the problem of shimmy of the steering wheel by improving the damping of the hydraulic bushing of the lower control arm of the suspension at the resonance frequency.
Determining the shimmy problem frequency f (Hz):
the problem frequency f is calculated according to the formula V/(3.6 × S), S being the tire circumference (m).
Manufacturing a rear bushing sample piece of a lower control arm of a front suspension:
on the premise of ensuring that the rigidity parameter is not changed, the rear bushing of the lower control arm of the front suspension is designed into a hydraulic bushing capable of providing damping in the Y direction of the whole vehicle, the frequency corresponding to the maximum damping angle is designed to be f determined in the last step, and a set of sample pieces are manufactured at the maximum damping angle of 25-50 degrees at intervals of 5 degrees, and 6 sets are manufactured.
The improvement condition of shimmy problem is verified with the loading of back bush sample spare:
and respectively installing 6 sets of rear bushing samples on the problem vehicle, running at a constant speed according to the problem vehicle speed V to test the vibration of 12 points of the steering wheel, and obtaining the vibration conditions of the steering wheel corresponding to the hydraulic rear bushings with different maximum damping angles.
Determining the maximum damping angle and peak frequency design value of a rear bushing of a control arm under a front suspension:
the 12-point vibration test value of the steering wheel reaches a target, the maximum damping angle of a hydraulic rear bushing installed when shimmy of the steering wheel is acceptable is subjectively evaluated by driving, the maximum damping angle is determined as the minimum limit value of the maximum damping angle of the rear bushing, and the frequency f corresponding to the maximum damping angle is determined as a peak frequency design value.
The rigidity of the bush is adjusted to be optimal under the premise of ensuring the rigidity to be unchanged, and the steering wheel shimmy is solved under the condition of not influencing other performances.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept within the technical scope of the present invention, and these simple modifications belong to the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for solving the problem of steering wheel shimmy by selecting a hydraulic bushing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, determining the vehicle speed V when the steering wheel shimmy is the most serious in the high-speed running of the vehicle, wherein the unit is km/h:
preliminarily judging the vehicle speed V 'when the steering wheel has the most serious shimmy through the subjective feeling of a driver, enabling the same vehicle to run at a constant speed according to the speed V', V '+ 10km/h, V' -10 km/h, V '+ 20km/h and V' -20 km/h respectively, testing the vibration acceleration total values of nine points and twelve points of the steering wheel under the five vehicle speeds respectively, and when the vibration acceleration total values of the two measuring points under the five vehicle speeds are the maximum values, determining the corresponding vehicle speed as the vehicle speed V when the shimmy problem is the most serious in the high-speed running of the vehicle;
step two, determining the shimmy frequency f of the steering wheel when the shimmy problem is the most serious in high-speed running of the vehicle, wherein the unit is Hz:
f is V/(3.6S), wherein V is the vehicle speed when the shimmy problem is the most serious in high-speed running of the vehicle, and S is the circumference of one tire of the vehicle and has the unit of m;
step three, selecting a plurality of hydraulic bushings with different maximum damping angles, the frequencies of which are equal to the shimmy frequency f in the step two when the hydraulic bushings have the maximum damping angles, as rear bushings of a lower control arm of a front suspension of the same vehicle respectively, and enabling the vehicle provided with the different hydraulic bushings to run according to the vehicle speed V obtained in the step one when the shimmy problem is the most serious in high-speed running of the vehicle;
and step four, respectively testing the vibration acceleration total values of nine points and twelve points of the steering wheel of the vehicle provided with different hydraulic bushings in the step three in the driving process, and selecting the hydraulic bushings arranged on the vehicle as the hydraulic bushings for improving the shimmy problem of the steering wheel of the vehicle when the vibration acceleration total values of the nine points and the twelve points of the steering wheel reach target values.
2. The method for solving the shimmy of the steering wheel by selecting the hydraulic bushing according to claim 1, wherein the maximum damping angle value of the hydraulic bushing is selected as the minimum limit value of the maximum damping angle of the hydraulic bushing required for improving the shimmy problem of the steering wheel in the step four, and the hydraulic bushing of which the maximum damping angle value is greater than or equal to the minimum limit value and the corresponding frequency is equal to the shimmy frequency f in the step two when the maximum damping angle of the hydraulic bushing occurs is selected as the rear bushing of the lower control arm of the front suspension of the vehicle to improve the shimmy problem of the steering wheel.
3. The method for solving the shimmy of the steering wheel by selecting the hydraulic bushing as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step one comprises testing the total vibration acceleration value of the steering wheel at nine and twelve points by using a three-axis vibration sensor.
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| CN202010714485.6A CN111890862A (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Method for solving steering wheel shimmy by selecting hydraulic bushing |
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| CN202010714485.6A CN111890862A (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Method for solving steering wheel shimmy by selecting hydraulic bushing |
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| CN114074509A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-02-22 | 摩登汽车有限公司 | Vehicle steering wheel shimmy optimization method |
| CN116086831A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-05-09 | 日照职业技术学院 | Vehicle resonance detection and elimination method |
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