CN111889238A

CN111889238A - Cyclone separator

Info

Publication number: CN111889238A
Application number: CN201911323820.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何连明; 刘金鹏; 关思嘉; 齐广东
Original assignee: Aecc Changchun Control Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Aecc Changchun Control Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-20
Filing date: 2019-12-20
Publication date: 2020-11-06

Abstract

The invention discloses a cyclone separator which comprises an air inlet pipe joint, a shell and an outlet pipe joint, wherein the shell is provided with a plurality of air inlet pipes; the air inlet pipe joint comprises an air inlet and an air supply cavity with a horn mouth; the diameter of the output end of the air delivery cavity is larger than that of the input end of the air delivery cavity; the shell sequentially comprises a cylindrical first cavity, a conical second cavity and a cylindrical third cavity which are communicated with the air feeding cavity; the diameter of the output end of the second cavity is larger than that of the input end of the second cavity; one end of the first cavity connected with the air supply cavity is fixedly connected with a rotary vane structure for the air to spirally distribute and pass through; an annular channel is formed between the inner wall surface of the third cavity and the outer wall surface of the outlet pipe joint; the outlet pipe joint is provided with an air outlet communicated with the outside; the rotary vane structure, the air inlet pipe joint, the shell and the outlet pipe joint are all made of the same high-temperature alloy material. The dust removal device achieves the purpose of dust removal in a high-temperature environment, has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple structure, high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance, low flow resistance and high dust removal efficiency, has good machining manufacturability, and reduces the manufacturing cost.

Description

Cyclone separator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of aero-engines, in particular to a cyclone separator.

Background

A cyclone is a device used for the separation of gas-solid systems or liquid-solid systems. The existing cyclone separator mainly comprises an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and a cyclone separator cylinder, materials spirally run along the cyclone separator cylinder, air is discharged from an air outlet pipe of the cyclone separator, some ultra-fine powder which does not meet the requirements in the materials is taken away while the air is discharged, and finished material particles are discharged from a discharge hole.

In practice, the cyclone separator is easily damaged by high temperature, and the service life of the cyclone separator is prolonged by thickening the outer shell or paving a heat-resistant layer on the inner wall in the prior art. Dust removal engineering has always been an important component of atmospheric pollution control, and in the field of aeroengines, dust removal engineering is also important and also involves high temperature environments. The dust removal engineering often adopts cyclone to remove dust, and traditional cyclone is restricted by self condition, and is difficult to realize working under the high temperature environment of about 550 ℃.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a dust removal device capable of removing high-temperature air of an engine so as to overcome the defects in the technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

including fixed connection in proper order: an air inlet pipe joint, a shell and an outlet pipe joint;

the air inlet pipe joint comprises a cylindrical air inlet and a bell mouth-shaped air supply cavity;

the diameter of the output end of the air delivery cavity is larger than that of the input end of the air delivery cavity;

the casing includes in proper order: the first cylindrical cavity, the second conical cavity and the third cylindrical cavity are communicated with the air feeding cavity;

the diameter of the output end of the second cavity is larger than that of the input end of the second cavity;

one end of the first cavity connected with the air supply cavity is fixedly connected with a rotary vane structure for the air to spirally distribute and pass through;

an annular channel is formed between the inner wall surface of the third cavity and the outer wall surface of the outlet pipe joint;

the outlet pipe joint is provided with an air outlet communicated with the outside; the annular channel is communicated with a dust outlet pipe joint;

the rotary vane structure, the air inlet pipe joint, the shell and the outlet pipe joint are all made of the same high-temperature alloy material.

Further, a rubber cap for closing the air inlet is sleeved on the end part of the air inlet pipe joint.

Furthermore, the rotor structure comprises a shaft lever coaxial with the first cavity, and four blades are uniformly distributed on the shaft lever in the circumferential direction; each blade is spirally distributed along the length direction of the shaft lever;

the thickness of the outer edge of the blade is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the root part of the blade connected with the shaft rod is 0.8 mm.

Further, the ratio of the length of the blade to the diameter of the first cavity is 0.6-1.

Further, the air inlet pipe joint is axially clamped with the shell;

the inner contour of the output end of the air inlet pipe joint is of a step hole structure and forms a circular protruding end; the air delivery cavity is connected with the extending end through a first annular surface;

the input end of the shell is of a stepped shaft structure and comprises a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface, the diameter of the first cylindrical surface is smaller than that of the second cylindrical surface, and the first cylindrical surface is connected with the second cylindrical surface through a second annular surface;

the axial end face of the shell and the end face of the rotary vane structure are both contacted with the first circular ring surface, and the extending end is surrounded on the outer side of the first cylindrical surface; the axial end face of the air inlet pipe joint is in contact with the second annular surface.

Further, the high-temperature alloy material is GH4169 or GH 2132.

Furthermore, a hoop is sleeved on the outer side of the shell.

Furthermore, a hoop is sleeved on the outer side of the shell; the axial end face of the hoop is in contact with the end face of the output end of the air inlet pipe joint, and the inner surface of the hoop is in contact with the two cylindrical surfaces.

In the technical scheme, the cyclone separator provided by the invention achieves the purpose of dust removal in a high-temperature environment. The dust collector has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple structure, high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance, low flow resistance and high dust collection efficiency, and also has good machining manufacturability and reduces the manufacturing cost.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cyclone separator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cyclone separator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 1.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a rubber cap; 2. an inlet pipe joint; 3. a rotary plate structure; 4. clamping a hoop; 5. a nut; 6. a screw; 7. a housing; 8. a dust outlet pipe joint; 9. an outlet pipe joint;

21. an air delivery cavity; 71. an extension end; 72. a first torus; 73. a first cylindrical surface; 74. a second cylindrical surface; 75. a second torus.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cyclone separator provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes an air inlet pipe connector 2, a housing 7, and an outlet pipe connector 9;

the air inlet pipe joint 2 comprises a cylindrical air inlet and a bell mouth-shaped air feeding cavity 21;

the diameter of the output end of the air delivery cavity 21 is larger than that of the input end thereof;

the housing 7 comprises in sequence: a cylindrical first chamber, a conical second chamber, and a cylindrical third chamber which are communicated with the air sending chamber 21;

one end of the first cavity connected with the air supply cavity 21 is fixedly connected with a rotary vane structure 3 for the air to pass through spirally;

an annular channel is formed between the inner wall surface of the third cavity and the outer wall surface of the outlet pipe joint 9, the annular channel is communicated with a dust outlet pipe joint 8, and the dust outlet pipe joint 8 is provided with a dust outlet communicated with the annular channel;

the outlet pipe joint 9 is provided with an air outlet communicated with the outside;

the rotary vane structure 3, the air inlet pipe joint 2, the shell 7 and the outlet pipe joint 9 are made of the same high-temperature alloy material.

The air flow passes through the air inlet, the air feeding cavity 21, the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity, the annular channel and the air outlet in sequence. The air inlet is a cylindrical cavity and is communicated with external air. The inlet end of the air cavity 21 is equal in diameter to the inlet port, and the diameter of the outlet end thereof is larger than that of the inlet end thereof. The diameter of the input end of the first cavity is equal to that of the output end of the air supply cavity 21, and the first cavity is a cylindrical cavity. The second cavity is a conical cavity, the diameter of the input end of the second cavity is equal to that of the first cavity, and the diameter of the output end of the second cavity is larger than that of the first cavity. The diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the third cavity is equal to that of the output end of the second cavity. The air outlet is a cylindrical cavity.

The inlet end of the outlet pipe joint 9 extends into a part of the third chamber, and a gap is formed between the outer wall surface of the outlet pipe joint 9 and the inner wall surface of the third chamber to form an annular channel.

The end of the air inlet pipe joint 2 is sleeved with a rubber cap 1 capable of closing an air inlet. The rubber cap 1 is a protective cap for a product, which is used when the product is not mounted on an engine. Firstly, the outer surface threads of the inlet pipe joint 2 are protected, and the threads are prevented from being damaged due to collision and other reasons; secondly, in order to keep the inside of the product clean, prevent pollutants such as dust from entering the inside of the product.

When dust particles enter the cyclone separator along the axial direction along with airflow, gas and particles generate rotational flow after flowing through the rotary vane structure 3, the separation is carried out through the difference of centrifugal force between the blades, the processed air is supplied through the outlet pipe joint 9, most dust particles are thrown to the wall surface of the shell 7 under the action of the centrifugal force, and spirally move to the dust outlet along the wall surface of the shell and are discharged.

The inlet pipe joint 2 and the shell 7, the outlet pipe joint 9 and the shell 7, and the dust outlet pipe joint 8 and the shell 7 are connected in a welding mode, and the rotary vane structure 3 and the shell 7 are connected in an interference mode. The rotary vane structure 3 is arranged inside the shell 7 and is contacted with the inlet pipe connector 2, and the axial position of the rotary vane structure 3 is limited by a step inside the shell and the inlet pipe connector after installation.

The inlet pipe joint 2 is designed into a horn mouth shape, the diameter of an input end is small, the diameter of an output end is large, the air flow pressurization effect is achieved, and meanwhile the flow resistance of an inlet and an outlet is reduced.

The outlet pipe connector 9 is a through hole and forms an annular cavity with the inner cavity of the shell 7 to divide the flow into two parts, and the annular cavity is used for containing separated dust particles. The latter part of the air flow passes here out of the outlet pipe connection 9, another part of the air and most of the dust accumulates in the annular space and is discharged through the dust outlet pipe connection 8.

Preferably, the alloy high-temperature material is one of GH4169 and GH 2132.

As shown in fig. 3, the rotor structure 3 includes a shaft lever coaxial with the first cavity, and four blades are uniformly distributed on the shaft lever in the circumferential direction; each blade is spirally distributed along the length direction of the shaft lever; the thickness of the outer edge of the blade is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the root part of the connecting shaft rod is 0.8 mm. The vane rotating structure 3 is designed into a form of 4 spiral vanes, the thickness of the top of each vane is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the root of each vane is 0.8mm, so that the separation efficiency is improved, and the flow resistance is reduced. The blades of the rotor structure 3 are designed into 4 helical blades, and are made of high-temperature alloy of the same material. The cyclone separator with the structure can realize a high-efficiency dust removal function in a high-temperature environment of about 550 ℃, and the dust removal efficiency can reach over 90 percent.

Wherein the axial length of the rotor structure is too long to increase the flow resistance and too short to effect separation, preferably the ratio of the length of the vane to the diameter of the first chamber is 0.6-1.

Preferably, the air inlet pipe joint 2 is axially clamped with a stepped shaft structure matched with a stepped hole and arranged on the shell 7 through the stepped hole structure;

the inner contour of the output end of the air inlet pipe joint 2 is of a step hole structure, and a circular ring-shaped extending end 71 is formed; the air-sending cavity 21 is connected with the extending end through a step surface, namely a first annular surface 72;

the input end of the housing 7 is a stepped shaft structure, which includes a first cylindrical surface 73 and a second cylindrical surface 74, the diameter of the first cylindrical surface 73 is smaller than that of the second cylindrical surface 74, and the first cylindrical surface 73 and the second cylindrical surface 74 are connected by a step surface, i.e., a second circular surface 75;

the axial end face of the shell 7 and the end face of the rotary vane structure 3 are on the same axial section and are both in contact with the first annular surface 72. The protruding end surrounds the outer side of the first cylindrical surface 73; the axial end face of the inlet pipe connector 2 is in contact with the second annular surface 75.

Preferably, the housing 7 is sleeved with the clamp 4. Because of the whole long tube-shape that is of cyclone, in order to guarantee that the structure is compacter, the whole mid portion of cyclone is arranged in to clamp 4, and fastening casing 7, clamp 4 formula structure as an organic whole have an opening of adjustable size. The size of the opening is adjusted by a nut 5 and a screw 6 which are commonly used by machines, so that the fit degree of the inner surface of the clamping hoop 4 and the outer surface of the shell 7 is adjusted. The clamp 4 is connected with an engine and plays a role in supporting and fastening the separator.

More preferably, the axial end face of the clip 4 is in contact with the output end face of the intake pipe joint 2, and the inner surface thereof is in contact with the second cylindrical surface 74. This provides axial positioning between the clamp 4 and the inlet fitting 2.

The inlet pipe joint 2, the outlet pipe joint 9, the dust outlet pipe joint 8, the shell 7 and the rotary vane structure 3 are made of high-temperature alloy materials. Thereby realizing the function of dust removal in high-temperature environment.

The cyclone separator is arranged on a P3 air pipeline of the engine and plays a role in filtering dust in the P3 air pipeline. During installation, an air inlet of the cyclone separator is connected with an air inlet of an engine P3, an air outlet of the cyclone separator is connected with a control port of an anti-surge air release valve of the engine, a dust removal port is connected with a dust collection device, and a hoop is connected with an installation edge of the engine. Through the connection, the air cleanness of the control port of the anti-surge air-release valve of the engine is ensured, so that the engine can be effectively prevented from surge.

While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A cyclone separator is characterized by comprising: an air inlet pipe joint (2), a shell (7) and an outlet pipe joint (9);

the air inlet pipe joint (2) comprises a cylindrical air inlet and a bellmouth air delivery cavity (21);

the diameter of the output end of the air delivery cavity (21) is larger than that of the input end thereof;

the housing (7) comprises in sequence: a first cylindrical cavity, a second conical cavity and a third cylindrical cavity which are communicated with the air delivery cavity (21);

one end of the first cavity, which is connected with the air sending cavity (21), is fixedly connected with a rotary vane structure (3) for the air to spirally distribute and pass through;

an annular channel is formed between the inner wall surface of the third cavity and the outer wall surface of the outlet pipe joint (9), the annular channel is communicated with a dust outlet pipe joint (8), and the dust outlet pipe joint (8) is provided with a dust outlet communicated with the annular channel;

the outlet pipe joint (9) is provided with an air outlet communicated with the outside;

the rotary vane structure (3), the air inlet pipe joint (2), the shell (7) and the outlet pipe joint (9) are all made of high-temperature alloy materials.

2. A cyclone separator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the end of the inlet coupling (2) is fitted with a rubber cap (1) capable of closing the inlet.

3. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that said rotor structure (3) comprises a shaft coaxial with said first chamber, said shaft being circumferentially provided with four blades; each blade is spirally distributed along the length direction of the shaft lever;

4. A cyclone separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the length of the vane to the diameter of the first chamber is in the range 0.6 to 1.

5. Cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet pipe connection (2) is axially clamped to the housing (7);

the inner contour of the output end of the air inlet pipe joint (2) is of a stepped hole structure, and a circular protruding end (71) is formed; the air delivery cavity (21) is connected with the protruding end through a first annular surface (72);

the input end of the shell (7) is of a stepped shaft structure and comprises a first cylindrical surface (73) and a second cylindrical surface (74), the diameter of the first cylindrical surface (73) is smaller than that of the second cylindrical surface (74), and the first cylindrical surface (73) and the second cylindrical surface (74) are connected through a second circular ring surface (75);

the axial end face of the shell (7) and the end face of the rotary vane structure (3) are both in contact with the first annular surface (72), and the extending end surrounds the outer side of the first cylindrical surface (73); the axial end face of the air inlet pipe joint (2) is in contact with the second annular surface (75).

6. The cyclone separator of claim 1, wherein the superalloy material is GH4169 or GH 2132.

7. Cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that a collar (4) is sleeved on the outside of the housing (7).

8. Cyclone separator according to claim 5, characterized in that a collar (4) is sleeved on the outside of the housing (7); the axial end face of the clamp (4) is in contact with the end face of the output end of the air inlet pipe joint (2), and the inner surface of the clamp is in contact with the second cylindrical surface (74).