CN111888628B

CN111888628B - Cavity guide wire

Info

Publication number: CN111888628B
Application number: CN202010805637.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹维拯; 周而辰; 宗耀辉; 李志刚; 王国辉
Original assignee: Shanghai Xinwei Medical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Xinwei Medical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-12
Filing date: 2020-08-12
Publication date: 2022-08-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-12
Also published as: CN111888628A

Abstract

The invention relates to a cavity guide wire, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. Comprises a guide wire distal end and a guide wire proximal end; the whole guide wire from the distal end of the guide wire far away from an operator to the proximal end of the guide wire close to the operator is of an integral cylindrical integral structure; the tip of the distal end of the guide wire is provided with a dome-shaped head end, and a cavity which enables the distal end of the guide wire to have flexibility is arranged in the distal end of the guide wire, which is close to one side of an operator, of the head end. The distal end and the proximal end of the guide wire are of an integral structure, the design that the conventional guide wire is provided with a spring at the distal end is abandoned, the risk that the conventional guide wire is separated from the guide wire due to insufficient connection strength between the spring at the distal end and the rod body is avoided, and good mechanical feedback is realized; the internal cavity structure at the distal end of the guide wire enables the distal end of the guide wire to be softer than the proximal end; the guide wire has uniform diameter, and greatly improves the torsion control performance and the support performance compared with the conventional guide wire; the whole outer surface of the guide wire is in a regular cylinder shape, and compared with the conventional guide wire, the friction coefficient is smaller.

Description

Cavity guide wire

Technical Field

The invention relates to a cavity guide wire, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.

Background

With the continuous progress and development of modern medical technology, various interventional operations including the implantation of instruments such as thrombus extraction, balloon dilatation, a thrombus filter, an occluder bracket and the like are widely applied to the diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, and the interventional operations have the advantages of small wound, low risk and the like. The guide wire is one of the most commonly used medical instruments in interventional surgery, and usually enters a blood vessel of a human body in advance, and reaches a target part under the assistance of medical imaging technologies such as ultrasound and X-ray, and an interventional operation pathway is established so as to guide other interventional instruments or implantation instruments to reach the target part for diagnosis or treatment. The conventional guide wire structure generally comprises a rod body and a distal end spring. The rod body is made of stainless steel or nickel-titanium alloy; the far end of the rod body is ground, a grinding section is generally wound with a spring, and two ends of the spring are connected with a guide wire grinding section in a physical connection mode, a tin-silver/tin-copper welding mode, a glue bonding mode and the like. The existing conventional guide wire has the following defects: 1. the guide wire consists of a rod body and a far-end spring, the strength of physical connection between the rod body and the far-end spring is limited, the risk of separation of the spring and the rod body exists, and materials such as solder, glue and the like are introduced in connection modes such as tin-silver/tin-copper welding, glue adhesion and the like, so that allergic reaction of patients with specific physique can be caused; 2. the guide wire is formed by connecting a rod body and a far-end spring, is not of an integral structure, has indirectness on force transmission, and has certain elasticity, so that when the far end of the guide wire touches a vascular wall or a hardened plaque and thrombus in the vascular, the contact force cannot be accurately and timely fed back to the near end of the guide wire, which is not beneficial to judgment and operation of an operator; 3. to provide some flexibility to the distal end of the guidewire, the distal end of the guidewire is typically ground to a smaller diameter than the proximal end, but this results in less support at the distal end of the guidewire; 4. the diameter of the ground far end of the guide wire is smaller than that of the near end, the near end is rotated in the using process, the torque cannot be effectively transmitted to the far end, the far end rotation has a larger lag angle compared with the near end, and the guide wire torsion control performance is poor; 5. the outer spring that winds will make seal wire distal end surface unevenness to increase seal wire distal end surface's coefficient of friction, probably cause the damage to the vascular wall during the use, bring unpredictable's risk for the patient. Therefore, there is a need in the art to address the problems associated with the above-mentioned deficiencies with spring-loaded guidewires currently used in clinical interventional procedures.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the defects of the guide wire structure with a spring used in the current clinical interventional operation.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide a cavity guide wire, which comprises a guide wire distal end and a guide wire proximal end; the whole guide wire from the far end of the guide wire far away from the operator to the near end of the guide wire close to the operator is of an integral cylindrical integral structure; the tip of the far end of the guide wire is provided with a dome-shaped head end, and a cavity which enables the far end of the guide wire to have flexibility is arranged in the far end of the guide wire; the cavity is a combined cavity.

Preferably, the guide wire is provided with a regular cylindrical outer surface from the distal end of the guide wire to the proximal end of the guide wire.

Preferably, the guide wire is provided with an equal diameter from the distal end of the guide wire to the proximal end of the guide wire.

Preferably, the cavity comprises a spiral cavity and a cylindrical cavity; the far end of the guide wire with the cavity is cylindrical, and a hollow cylindrical cavity is arranged along the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the central axis of the cylindrical cavity is superposed with the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; and a spiral cavity is arranged in the cylindrical wall of the far end of the guide wire with the cavity.

Preferably, the spiral central axis of the spiral cavity coincides with the central axis of the distal end of the guide wire; the cross section of the cavity of the spiral cavity is set to be equal in diameter and equal in section; the spiral space of the spiral cavity close to the proximal part of the guide wire is larger than the spiral space of the spiral cavity close to the distal part of the guide wire; the cylindrical cavity is a cavity with a cavity body with the same diameter.

Preferably, the cavity comprises a spiral cavity and a conical cavity; the far end of the guide wire provided with the cavity is provided with a conical cavity; the central axis of the conical cavity is superposed with the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the diameter of the bottom end part of the conical cavity close to one side of the guide wire head end is larger than that of the top end part of the conical cavity close to the guide wire near end; a spiral cavity is arranged in the far end wall of the guide wire between the conical cavity and the outer surface of the guide wire.

Preferably, the spiral central axis of the spiral cavity coincides with the central axis of the distal end of the guide wire; the diameter of the helical cavity spiral body near the proximal end part of the guide wire is smaller than that of the helical cavity spiral body near the distal end part of the guide wire; the diameter of the cross section of the spiral cavity close to the proximal part of the guide wire is smaller than that of the cross section of the spiral cavity close to the distal part of the guide wire; the helical cavity has a helical pitch proximate the proximal portion of the guide wire that is greater than a helical pitch of the helical cavity proximate the distal portion of the guide wire.

Preferably, the cavity comprises a circular cavity and a conical cavity; the far end of the guide wire provided with the cavity is provided with a conical cavity; the central axis of the conical cavity is superposed with the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the diameter of the bottom end part of the conical cavity close to one side of the guide wire head end is larger than that of the top end part of the conical cavity close to the guide wire near end; an annular cavity is arranged in the far end wall of the guide wire between the conical cavity and the outer surface of the guide wire.

Preferably, the distal end wall of the guide wire provided with the cavity is internally provided with annular cavities which are parallel to each other; the central axis of the circular cavity is superposed with the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the circular opening at the inner side of the circular ring-shaped cavity is communicated with the conical cavity; the diameter of the cavity ring of the circular ring cavity close to the proximal part of the guide wire is smaller than that of the cavity ring close to the distal part of the guide wire; the height of the cavity of the circular ring-shaped cavity close to the proximal part of the guide wire is less than that of the cavity close to the distal part of the guide wire; the space between the cavities of the circular ring-shaped cavity close to the proximal part of the guide wire is larger than the space between the cavities close to the distal part of the guide wire.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the distal end and the proximal end of the guide wire are of an integral structure, so that the risk of separation of a distal spring and a rod body of a conventional guide wire is avoided;

2. according to the invention, the cavity structure in the internal structure of the distal end of the guide wire is changed, so that the distal end is softer than the proximal end;

3. the distal end and the proximal end of the guide wire are of an integral structure, the force transmission from the distal end to the proximal end is direct, good mechanical feedback can be obtained during use, and a doctor can conveniently judge and control the guide wire;

4. the outer diameters of the far end and the near end of the guide wire are the same, when the near end of the guide wire is rotated, torque can be effectively transmitted to the far end in time, and the torsion control performance is good;

5. the guide wire has larger diameter at the far end, stable structure and good support property, and is more suitable for being matched with other instruments such as a catheter and the like;

6. the outer surface of the guide wire from the far end to the near end is smooth and uniform, the friction coefficient is small, and the trafficability characteristic is good.

According to the guide wire, the far end and the near end of the guide wire are integrated rod bodies, the design of a far end spring of a conventional guide wire is abandoned, the risk that the far end spring and the rod body are separated due to insufficient connection strength of the conventional guide wire is avoided, and good mechanical feedback is achieved; the internal cavity structure at the distal end of the guide wire enables the distal end of the guide wire to be softer than the proximal end; the guide wire has uniform diameter, and greatly improves the torsion control performance and the support performance compared with the conventional guide wire; the whole outer surface of the guide wire is in a regular cylinder shape, and compared with the conventional guide wire, the friction coefficient is smaller.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lumen guidewire of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hollow guidewire of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a modified form of a hollow guidewire of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of another modified form of a hollow guidewire of the present invention;

reference numerals: 1. a proximal guidewire end; 2. a guidewire distal end; 3. a head end; 4. a spiral cavity; 5. a cylindrical cavity; 6. a conical cavity; 7. a circular cavity;

Detailed Description

In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a hollow guidewire comprising a guidewire distal end 2 and a guidewire proximal end 1; the whole guide wire from the distal end 2 of the guide wire far away from an operator to the proximal end 1 of the guide wire close to the operator is of an integral cylindrical integral structure; the tip of the distal end 2 of the guide wire is provided with a dome-shaped tip end 3, and a cavity for making the distal end 2 of the guide wire flexible is arranged in the distal end 2 of the guide wire, which is close to the operator side of the tip end 3. The guide wire is provided with a regular cylindrical outer surface from the distal guide wire end 2 to the proximal guide wire end 1. The guidewire is provided with an equal diameter from the distal guidewire end 2 to the proximal guidewire end 1. The cavity comprises a spiral cavity 4 and a cylindrical cavity 5; the far end 2 of the guide wire with the cavity is cylindrical, and a hollow cylindrical cavity 5 is arranged along the central axis of the far end 2 of the guide wire; the central axis of the cylindrical cavity 5 is superposed with the central axis of the distal end 2 of the guide wire; the cylindrical wall of the far end 2 of the guide wire with the cavity is internally provided with a spiral cavity 4. The spiral central axis of the spiral cavity 4 is superposed with the central axis of the distal end 2 of the guide wire; the cross section of the spiral cavity 4 is equal in diameter and equal in section; the spiral space of the part of the spiral cavity 4 close to the proximal end 1 of the guide wire is larger than the spiral space of the part of the spiral cavity 4 close to the distal end 2 of the guide wire; the cylindrical cavity 5 is a cavity with a cavity body with the same diameter.

As shown in fig. 3, the second cavity comprises a spiral cavity 4 and a conical cavity 6; the far end 2 of the guide wire provided with the cavity is provided with a conical cavity 6; the central axis of the conical cavity 6 is superposed with the central axis of the distal end 2 of the guide wire; the diameter of the bottom end part of the conical cavity 6 close to one side of the guide wire head end 3 is larger than that of the top end part of the conical cavity 6 close to the guide wire near end 1; a spiral cavity 4 is arranged in the wall of the far end 2 of the guide wire between the conical cavity 6 and the outer surface of the guide wire. The spiral central axis of the spiral cavity 4 is superposed with the central axis of the distal end 2 of the guide wire; the diameter of the spiral cavity 4 spiral body close to the guide wire near end 1 is smaller than that of the spiral cavity 4 spiral body close to the guide wire far end 2; the diameter of the cavity cross section of the spiral cavity 4 close to the guide wire proximal end 1 part is smaller than that of the spiral cavity 4 close to the guide wire distal end 2 part; the helical cavity 4 has a helical pitch in a portion near the proximal end 1 of the guide wire that is greater than the helical pitch in a portion of the helical cavity 4 near the distal end 2 of the guide wire.

As shown in fig. 4, the third cavity includes a circular cavity 7 and a conical cavity 6; the far end 2 of the guide wire provided with the cavity is provided with a conical cavity 6; the central axis of the conical cavity 6 is superposed with the central axis of the distal end 2 of the guide wire; the diameter of the bottom end part of the conical cavity 6 close to one side of the guide wire head end 3 is larger than that of the top end part of the conical cavity 6 close to the guide wire proximal end 1; a circular cavity 7 is arranged in the wall of the far end 2 of the guide wire between the conical cavity 6 and the outer surface of the guide wire. The wall of the far end 2 of the guide wire provided with the cavity is internally provided with annular cavities 7 which are parallel to each other; the central axis of the annular cavity 7 is superposed with the central axis of the distal end 2 of the guide wire; the circular opening at the inner side of the circular ring-shaped cavity 7 is communicated with the conical cavity 6; the diameter of a cavity ring of the part of the circular ring-shaped cavity 7 close to the near end 1 of the guide wire is smaller than that of a cavity ring of the part close to the far end 2 of the guide wire; the height of the cavity of the circular ring-shaped cavity 7 close to the proximal end 1 of the guide wire is less than that of the cavity close to the distal end 2 of the guide wire; the space between the cavities of the circular ring-shaped cavity 7 near the proximal end 1 of the guide wire is larger than that near the distal end 2 of the guide wire.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, which are schematic structural diagrams of a guide wire of the present invention, the guide wire has an integral structure from a proximal end 1 to a distal end 2 and a head end 3 of the guide wire, the head end 3 is designed in a dome shape, the proximal end 1 and the distal end 2 have the same diameter, and when the proximal end 1 of the guide wire is rotated, a torque can be uniformly and timely transmitted to the distal end 2 and the head end 3 of the guide wire, so that the guide wire has good torque control performance; because the guide wire is of an integral structure, the guide wire head end 3 and the guide wire far end 2 can directly and effectively transmit the received force to the guide wire near end 1 when in use; compared with the diameter of the guide wire near end 1, the diameter of the guide wire far end 2 is not reduced, so that the support is better, and the guide wire is more suitable for being matched with other instruments such as a diagnosis or treatment catheter and the like; the outer surfaces of the guide wire near end 1 and the guide wire far end 2 are regular cylinders, the head end 3 is dome-shaped, and the outer surfaces are uniform and smooth integrally, so that the friction coefficient is small, and the trafficability of the guide wire is improved.

Two cavity structures, namely a spiral cavity 4 and a cylindrical cavity 5, shown by dotted lines exist in the far end 2 of the guide wire, the spiral cavity 4 is spiral with equal diameter and equal section, the spiral distance of the spiral cavity 4 is gradually reduced from the part close to the near end 1 of the guide wire to the part close to the far end 2 of the guide wire, and the cylindrical cavity 5 is a cavity with equal diameter.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the guide wire shown in fig. 1, wherein the hatched portion is solid, and the remaining portions are a helical cavity 4 and a cylindrical cavity 5. The spiral space of the spiral cavity 4 is gradually reduced from the part close to the near end 1 of the guide wire to the part close to the far end 2 of the guide wire, and the structural stress of the solid part of the guide wire along the axial direction of the guide wire is gradually reduced, so that the flexibility of the guide wire is gradually improved. The guide wire can be manufactured by 3D printing or other methods, and can be made of common guide wire materials such as nickel-titanium alloy, stainless steel and the like, and can also be made of high polymer materials. In addition, because the outer surface of the guide wire is uniform, and the size of the guide wire conforms to the standard design, the guide wire is easier to perform surface coating treatment according to the requirement by referring to the conventional guide wire, the friction coefficient is further reduced, and the trafficability is improved. Other conventional methods for processing a guidewire are also applicable to the guidewire, and are not described herein.

Example 2

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a modified form of the guidewire shown in fig. 1 and 2, the guidewire being of unitary construction from a proximal guidewire end 1 to a distal guidewire end 2 and a tip end 3, the tip end 3 being of dome-shaped design, the proximal guidewire end 1 and the distal guidewire end 2 being of equal diameter.

The shaded part in the figure is a solid body, the other parts are a spiral cavity 4 and a conical cavity 6, the diameter of the spiral cavity 4 and the section diameter of the cavity are gradually increased from the part close to the proximal end 1 of the guide wire to the part close to the distal end 2 of the guide wire, and the spiral distance is gradually reduced; meanwhile, the diameter of the conical cavity 6 gradually increases from the part close to the proximal end 1 of the guide wire to the part close to the distal end 2 of the guide wire.

The improved guide wire has the advantages that from the position close to the end 1 to the position close to the distal end 2, due to the increase of the diameter of the conical cavity 6, the increase of the diameter of the spiral cavity 4, the reduction of the pitch of the spiral cavity 4 and the increase of the cavity section diameter of the spiral cavity 4, the degree of reduction of the structural stress of the guide wire body along the axial direction of the guide wire is further enlarged, and therefore the distal end 2 of the guide wire has more excellent flexibility compared with the guide wire shown in the figures 1 and 2.

Example 3

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a guide wire having a cavity structure inside the distal end, the guide wire is an integral structure from the proximal end 1 of the guide wire to the distal end 2 of the guide wire and the head end 3 of the guide wire, the head end 3 is designed in a dome shape, and the proximal end 1 of the guide wire and the distal end 2 of the guide wire have the same diameter.

The hatched part in the figure is a solid body, the rest part is a cavity, the cavity is a combined cavity of a conical cavity 6 and a circular ring-shaped cavity 7, and the degree of reducing the structural stress of the guide wire solid body along the axial direction of the guide wire is further expanded from the position close to the proximal end 1 of the guide wire to the position close to the distal end 2 of the guide wire due to the increase of the volume of the cavity, so that the distal end 2 of the guide wire has more excellent flexibility compared with the guide wires shown in fig. 1/2 and 3.

While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements, which are equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which may be made by utilizing the techniques disclosed above; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments, which are equivalent to those of the technical spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A luminal guidewire, characterized by: comprises a guide wire distal end and a guide wire proximal end; the whole guide wire from the far end of the guide wire far away from the operator to the near end of the guide wire close to the operator is of an integral cylindrical integral structure; the tip of the far end of the guide wire is a dome-shaped closed head end, and a cavity which enables the far end of the guide wire to be flexible is arranged in the far end of the guide wire; the cavity is a combined cavity; the far end of the guide wire is of a coreless hollow structure.

2. A luminal guidewire as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the guide wire is provided with a regular cylindrical outer surface from the far end of the guide wire to the near end of the guide wire.

3. A luminal guidewire as defined in claim 2 wherein: the guidewire is provided with an equal diameter from the distal guidewire end to the proximal guidewire end.

4. A luminal guidewire as defined in claim 3 wherein: the combined cavity comprises a spiral cavity and a cylindrical cavity; the far end of the guide wire provided with the cavity is cylindrical, and a hollow cylindrical cavity is arranged along the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the central axis of the cylindrical cavity is superposed with the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the screw cavity is arranged in the cylindrical wall of the far end of the guide wire with the cavity.

5. A luminal guidewire as defined in claim 4 wherein: the spiral central axis of the spiral cavity is superposed with the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the cross section of the cavity of the spiral cavity is set to be equal in diameter and equal in section; the spiral space of the spiral cavity close to the proximal part of the guide wire is larger than the spiral space of the spiral cavity close to the distal part of the guide wire; the cylindrical cavity is a cavity with a cavity body with the same diameter.

6. A luminal guidewire as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the combined cavity comprises a spiral cavity and a conical cavity; the distal end of the guide wire provided with the cavity is provided with a conical cavity; the central axis of the conical cavity is superposed with the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the diameter of the bottom end part of the conical cavity close to one side of the guide wire head end is larger than that of the top end part of the conical cavity close to the guide wire near end; a spiral cavity is arranged in the far end wall of the guide wire between the conical cavity and the outer surface of the guide wire.

7. A luminal guidewire as claimed in claim 6 wherein: the spiral central axis of the spiral cavity is superposed with the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the diameter of the helical cavity spiral body near the proximal end part of the guide wire is smaller than that of the helical cavity spiral body near the distal end part of the guide wire; the diameter of the cross section of the spiral cavity close to the proximal part of the guide wire is smaller than that of the cross section of the spiral cavity close to the distal part of the guide wire; the helical cavity has a helical pitch proximate the proximal portion of the guide wire that is greater than a helical pitch of the helical cavity proximate the distal portion of the guide wire.

8. A luminal guidewire as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the combined cavity comprises a circular cavity and a conical cavity; the distal end of the guide wire provided with the cavity is provided with a conical cavity; the central axis of the conical cavity is superposed with the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the diameter of the bottom end part of the conical cavity close to one side of the guide wire head end is larger than that of the top end part of the conical cavity close to the guide wire near end; an annular cavity is arranged in the far end wall of the guide wire between the conical cavity and the outer surface of the guide wire.

9. A luminal guidewire as claimed in claim 8 wherein: the far-end wall of the guide wire provided with the cavity is internally provided with mutually parallel circular cavities; the central axis of the circular cavity is superposed with the central axis of the far end of the guide wire; the circular opening at the inner side of the circular ring-shaped cavity is communicated with the conical cavity; the diameter of the cavity ring of the circular ring cavity close to the proximal part of the guide wire is smaller than that of the cavity ring close to the distal part of the guide wire; the height of the cavity of the circular ring-shaped cavity close to the proximal part of the guide wire is less than that of the cavity close to the distal part of the guide wire; the space between the cavities of the circular ring-shaped cavity close to the proximal part of the guide wire is larger than the space between the cavities close to the distal part of the guide wire.