CN111887981A - Ablation electrode and ablation catheter - Google Patents

Ablation electrode and ablation catheter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111887981A
CN111887981A CN202010856374.9A CN202010856374A CN111887981A CN 111887981 A CN111887981 A CN 111887981A CN 202010856374 A CN202010856374 A CN 202010856374A CN 111887981 A CN111887981 A CN 111887981A
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ablation electrode
ablation
electrode
cooling
piezoelectric
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卢才义
陈越猛
张新龙
张煊浩
林志嵩
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Shaoxing Mayo Heart Magnetism Medical Technology Co ltd
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Shaoxing Mayo Heart Magnetism Medical Technology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00005—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe
    • A61B2018/00011—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
    • A61B2018/00577—Ablation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
    • A61B2018/00791—Temperature
    • A61B2018/00797—Temperature measured by multiple temperature sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B2018/1405—Electrodes having a specific shape

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Abstract

The invention provides an ablation electrode and an ablation catheter, wherein the ablation electrode is used for generating radio frequency current so as to perform radio frequency ablation treatment on a focus part, the ablation electrode is provided with a cavity, an injection port and a plurality of cooling holes, the injection port is communicated with the cavity, and cooling liquid is injected into the cavity through the injection port and is sprayed out of the cooling holes so as to cool the ablation electrode; the outer surface of the ablation electrode is provided with a cooling hole and a groove, wherein the groove is also internally provided with the cooling hole. According to the ablation electrode, the groove is formed in the outer surface of the ablation electrode, so that the effective heat dissipation area of the ablation electrode can be increased under the condition that the volume of the ablation electrode is not increased, and the heat dissipation and cooling effects of the ablation electrode are improved. Moreover, the outer surface of the ablation electrode comprises a plurality of cooling holes arranged in the grooves, and the ablation electrode can be cooled down through cooling liquid sprayed out of the cooling holes, so that the cooling and heat dissipation effects of the ablation electrode are further improved, and the reliability and safety of the operation are further improved.

Description

Ablation electrode and ablation catheter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an ablation electrode and an ablation catheter.
Background
Catheter radio frequency ablation is the most common minimally invasive interventional technique for treating arrhythmia at present, and the basic principle is as follows: the radiofrequency ablation catheter is sent to a target heart cavity through sheath tubes with different lengths, the focus of origin of arrhythmia is accurately positioned under the guidance of a three-dimensional mapping technology, a columnar ablation electrode at the head end of the catheter is contacted with the focus tissue with effective contact force, and then radiofrequency current is sent through a loop electrode attached to the skin of the body surface of a patient. Radio frequency current flows through lesion tissues below the electrodes through the electrodes to generate heat in the tissues, and when the temperature reaches the degree of coagulation necrosis, the tissues permanently lose electrophysiological activity, and the arrhythmia is cured.
When the ablation electrode sends current to cause the tissue to generate heat, the tissue is passively heated due to the temperature rise of the tissue due to the heat conduction and heat absorption performance of the electrode material. When an electrode is overheated and the blood circulation around the electrode is insufficiently cooled, the underlying tissue of the electrode is easily scabbed, carbon deposits, and even knocking. Therefore, on one hand, the impedance between the electrode and the tissue is increased, and the ablation depth and effect are influenced; on the other hand, it may cause complications such as embolism and perforation.
In order to prevent the ablation electrode from overheating, in the related art, the ablation electrode is mostly cooled by a unidirectional circulation saline injection cooling method. Meanwhile, the cooling effect and the saline water perfusion amount in unit time are adjusted by controlling the number of the spray holes on the surface of the electrode. However, the above-mentioned related art has the problems of large input amount of cooling brine and poor cooling effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ablation electrode and an ablation catheter, and aims to solve the technical problem of how to improve the cooling effect of the ablation electrode of the ablation catheter.
The ablation electrode is used for generating radio frequency current to carry out radio frequency ablation treatment on a focus part and is provided with a cavity, an injection port and a plurality of cooling holes, wherein the injection port is communicated with the cavity, and cooling liquid is injected into the cavity through the injection port and is sprayed out of the cooling holes to cool the ablation electrode;
the outer surface of the ablation electrode is provided with the cooling hole and a groove, wherein the cooling hole is also arranged in the groove.
According to the ablation electrode provided by the embodiment of the invention, the groove is arranged on the outer surface of the ablation electrode, so that the outer surface area of the ablation electrode can be increased under the condition of not increasing the volume of the ablation electrode, the effective heat dissipation area of the ablation electrode is increased, and the heat dissipation and cooling effects of the ablation electrode are improved. Moreover, the outer surface of the ablation electrode comprises a plurality of cooling holes arranged in the grooves, and the ablation electrode can be cooled down through cooling liquid sprayed out of the cooling holes, so that the cooling and heat dissipation effects of the ablation electrode are further improved, and the reliability and safety of the operation are further improved.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ablation electrode is cylindrical, the groove is provided on a side surface of the ablation electrode, and the groove is an annular groove provided in a circumferential direction of the ablation electrode.
In some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of the annular grooves are provided at intervals in an axial direction of the ablation electrode.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cooling hole comprises:
the spray cooling hole is positioned in the groove, and cooling liquid in the cavity is sprayed out in a mist shape through the spray cooling hole;
and the jet cooling hole is positioned on the side surface of the ablation electrode except the groove, and the cooling liquid in the cavity is ejected in a ray form through the jet cooling hole.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the spray cooling hole and the jet cooling hole are both provided in plurality at regular intervals in a circumferential direction of the ablation electrode, and a diameter of the spray cooling hole is smaller than a diameter of the jet cooling hole.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the top wall and the side wall of the ablation electrode are each provided with a plurality of temperature sensors for sensing the temperature of the ablation electrode.
An ablation catheter according to an embodiment of the invention includes:
the ablation electrode is the ablation electrode;
the ablation electrode is connected to the end of the tube body.
According to the ablation catheter disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the groove is formed in the outer surface of the ablation electrode at the head end of the catheter body, so that the outer surface area of the ablation electrode can be increased under the condition that the volume of the ablation electrode is not increased, the effective heat dissipation area of the ablation electrode is increased, and the heat dissipation and cooling effects of the ablation electrode are improved. Moreover, the outer surface of the ablation electrode comprises a plurality of cooling holes arranged in the grooves, and the ablation electrode can be cooled down through cooling liquid sprayed out of the cooling holes, so that the cooling and heat dissipation effects of the ablation electrode are further improved, and the reliability and safety of the operation are further improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ablation catheter further comprises:
the piezoelectric component is arranged in the tube body, when the ablation electrode is abutted against a focus part, part of the piezoelectric component is pressed and deformed, and voltage variable current used for obtaining contact force of the head end of the ablation electrode is generated.
In some embodiments of the invention, the piezoelectric assembly comprises:
a piezoelectric spring disposed adjacent to the ablation electrode;
the piezoelectric reed is positioned at one end of the piezoelectric spring, which is far away from the ablation electrode, and abuts against the piezoelectric spring, and when the ablation electrode abuts against the focus part, the piezoelectric spring and the piezoelectric reed are both pressed and deformed, and generate the voltage-variable current;
an insulating thermal shield positioned between the ablation electrode and the piezoelectric spring;
the base is located at one end, far away from the piezoelectric spring, of the piezoelectric reed and used for fixing the piezoelectric reed.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ablation catheter further comprises: and the circulating pipe is communicated with the injection port and is used for injecting cooling liquid into the cavity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ablation electrode according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of an ablation electrode according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an ablation electrode according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an ablation catheter according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is an axial cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an ablation catheter in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a transverse cross-sectional cut-away view of an ablation catheter according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a partial structure of an ablation catheter according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an ablation catheter according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of calculating contact force according to the quadrilateral rule of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a force diagram of a piezoelectric reed according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a force diagram of a piezoelectric spring according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a process for calculating a contact force according to the quadrilateral rule according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of calculating the tip contact force of an ablation catheter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
an ablation catheter (100) is provided,
ablation electrode 10, chamber V1, injection port 110, cooling holes 120, spray cooling holes 121, jet cooling holes 122, grooves 130, temperature sensor 140,
the tube body 20, the label surface S1, the piezoelectric spring 30, the insulating and heat-insulating sheet 40, the base 50, the piezoelectric reed 60, the flow tube 70, the handle 80, the tail wire 90,
the device comprises a first annular electrode 101, a second annular electrode 102, a third annular electrode 103, a positioning chip 104, a traction steel wire 105, a three-dimensional visible electrode 106 and a lead 107.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the intended purpose, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
In the related art, the radio frequency ablation catheter is cooled by saline infusion, and the disadvantages are as follows:
due to the limitation of the area of the side of the columnar ablation electrode at the head end of the catheter, the cooling efficiency is still low although the number of holes for spraying saline outside is increased continuously. Under the premise of a certain area of the side of the columnar ablation electrode, in order to achieve a better cooling effect, the saline perfusion flow rate must be increased. The perfusion flow rate of the current 12-hole radio frequency ablation catheter is 17ml/min, and the perfusion flow rate of the 56-hole radio frequency ablation catheter is 8 ml/min. Thus, a 3 hour procedure requires the infusion of 1000-. Obviously increase the burden of the heart of the patient and have the risk of inducing heart failure.
In order to overcome the defects of the ablation catheter in the prior art, the invention provides an ablation electrode and an ablation catheter.
According to the ablation electrode 10 of the embodiment of the invention, the ablation electrode 10 is used for generating radio frequency current so as to perform radio frequency ablation treatment on a focus part. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ablation electrode 10 has a chamber V1 and an injection port 110 and a plurality of cooling holes 120 communicating with the chamber V1, and a cooling fluid is injected into the chamber V1 through the injection port 110 and ejected from the cooling holes 120 to cool the ablation electrode 10. The outer surface of the ablation electrode 10 is provided with cooling holes 120 and a recess 130, wherein the recess 130 is also provided with cooling holes 120 therein.
According to the ablation electrode 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the groove 130 is arranged on the outer surface of the ablation electrode 10, so that the outer surface area of the ablation electrode 10 can be increased without increasing the volume of the ablation electrode 10, the effective heat dissipation area of the ablation electrode 10 is increased, and the heat dissipation and cooling effects of the ablation electrode 10 are improved. Moreover, the outer surface of the ablation electrode 10 includes a plurality of cooling holes 120 arranged in the groove 130, and the cooling liquid can be sprayed out from the cooling holes 120 to cool the ablation electrode 10, so that the cooling and heat dissipation effects of the ablation electrode 10 are further improved, and the reliability and safety of the operation are further improved.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ablation electrode 10 has a cylindrical shape, the groove 130 is provided on a side surface of the ablation electrode 10, and the groove 130 is an annular groove 130 provided in a circumferential direction of the ablation electrode 10. It should be noted that, by providing the circumferential annular groove 130 on the outer surface of the ablation electrode 10, the processing and manufacturing of the groove 130 are facilitated, and the production cost of the ablation electrode 10 is reduced. Moreover, the area of the groove 130 can be increased, and the cooling and heat dissipation effects of the ablation electrode 10 can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of annular grooves 130 are provided at intervals along the axial direction of the ablation electrode 10. It can be understood that by providing a plurality of annular grooves 130, the effective heat dissipation area of the ablation electrode 10 can be further increased, thereby further improving the cooling and heat dissipation effects of the ablation electrode 10.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the cooling hole 120 includes: spray cooling holes 121 and jet cooling holes 122.
The spray cooling holes 121 are located in the grooves 130, and the cooling liquid in the chamber V1 is sprayed in a mist form through the spray cooling holes 121. The jet cooling holes 122 are positioned on the side surface of the ablation electrode 10 except the grooves 130, and the cooling liquid in the chamber V1 is ejected in a ray form through the jet cooling holes 122.
When the ablation electrode 10 is cooled, the cooling liquid in the chamber V1 may be sprayed in a mist form from the spray cooling holes 121, so as to increase the spraying range of the cooling liquid and improve the cooling effect; the cooling liquid in the chamber V1 can also be ejected in a radial form through the jet cooling holes 122 to drive the surrounding blood to flow, thereby increasing the cooling and heat dissipation efficiency of the ablation electrode 10.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the spray cooling holes 121 and the jet cooling holes 122 may be each provided in plurality at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the ablation electrode 10, and thus, the uniformity of the cooling liquid injection may be improved to improve the uniformity of heat dissipation of the ablation electrode 10. The diameter of the cooling holes 120 of the spray cooling holes 121 is smaller than that of the jet cooling holes 122. For example, the spray cooling holes 121 may have a pore size of less than 50um and the jet cooling holes 122 may have a pore size of less than 100 um.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the top and side walls of the ablation electrode 10 are each provided with a plurality of temperature sensors 140 for sensing the temperature of the ablation electrode 10. Therefore, the temperature of each part of the ablation electrode 10 can be obtained in real time, and when the temperature reaches a preset value, the ablation electrode 10 is cooled by spraying cooling liquid.
As shown in fig. 4-7, an ablation catheter 100 according to an embodiment of the invention includes: an ablation electrode 10 and a catheter body 20.
The ablation electrode 10 is the ablation electrode 10, and the ablation electrode 10 is connected to the end of the tube 20.
According to the ablation catheter 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the groove 130 is formed in the outer surface of the ablation electrode 10 at the head end of the catheter body 20, so that the outer surface area of the ablation electrode 10 can be increased under the condition that the volume of the ablation electrode 10 is not increased, the effective heat dissipation area of the ablation electrode 10 is increased, and the heat dissipation and cooling effects of the ablation electrode 10 are improved. Moreover, the outer surface of the ablation electrode 10 includes a plurality of cooling holes 120 arranged in the groove 130, and the cooling liquid can be sprayed out from the cooling holes 120 to cool the ablation electrode 10, so that the cooling and heat dissipation effects of the ablation electrode 10 are further improved, and the reliability and safety of the operation are further improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ablation catheter 100 further comprises: the piezoelectric component is arranged in the tube body 20, when the ablation electrode 10 is pressed against the focus part, part of the piezoelectric component is pressed and deformed, and voltage variable current for obtaining contact force of the head end of the ablation electrode 10 is generated.
It should be noted that, in the related art, the display of the magnitude and direction of the contact force at the tip end of the ablation catheter is inaccurate and intuitive, and the arrow indication of the contact force at the tip end of the catheter can only prompt the direction of the contact force, does not display the magnitude, and does not display the change and warning value of the contact force, thereby affecting the operation. According to the ablation catheter 100 provided by the invention, when the ablation electrode 10 is in contact with a focus part during an ablation operation, the piezoelectric component is pressed and deformed to generate the voltage-variable current, and the contact force between the ablation electrode 10 and the focus part can be calculated according to the voltage-variable current, so that the contact state of the ablation catheter 100 can be conveniently controlled by an operator.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, a piezoelectric assembly includes: piezoelectric spring 30, piezoelectric reed 60, insulating thermal barrier 40, and base 50.
The piezoelectric spring 30 is arranged adjacent to the ablation electrode 10, the piezoelectric reed 60 is positioned at one end of the piezoelectric spring 30 far away from the ablation electrode 10 and abuts against the piezoelectric spring 30, and when the ablation electrode 10 abuts against a focus part, the piezoelectric spring 30 and the piezoelectric reed 60 are both deformed under pressure and generate a voltage variable current.
The insulating and heat insulating sheet 40 is positioned between the ablation electrode 10 and the piezoelectric spring 30, and by arranging the insulating and heat insulating sheet 40, the temperature conduction of the ablation electrode 10 can be isolated and blocked, the radio frequency current of the ablation electrode 10 can be insulated, and the piezoelectric spring 30 can be fixed. The base 50 is located at an end of the piezoelectric reed 60 away from the piezoelectric spring 30, and is used for fixing the piezoelectric reed 60.
It should be noted that many factors affect the ablation effect and efficiency of the ablation catheter 100, including: energy, time parameters, surface area of the ablation electrode 10, contact force of the ablation electrode 10 with the tissue. Wherein, the energy and time parameters can be adjusted by controlling the radio frequency instrument, and the surface area of the ablation electrode 10 can be adjusted by controlling the outer diameter of the ablation catheter 100 and the length of the ablation electrode 10. However, the adjustment of the contact force between the ablation electrode 10 and the tissue is difficult. The current solution is to arrange a pressure sensor at the tip of the ablation catheter to sense the magnitude and direction of the contact force at the tip of the ablation catheter. The sensors have the advantages that the measurement accuracy of the magnitude and the direction of the axial contact force of the catheter is relatively accurate, but the measurement accuracy of the magnitude and the direction of the lateral contact force is poor.
In the present invention, the quadrilateral rule shown in fig. 9 may be adopted when calculating the contact force of the ablation electrode 10 by the piezoelectric assembly. As shown in fig. 10-13, the calculation principle and method are as follows:
the calculation principle of the magnitude and direction of the contact force of the ablation catheter 100 is calculated according to the pressure bearing of the piezoelectric reed 60:
as shown in fig. 10, the stress force of the A, B, C, D four piezoelectric reeds 60 is f1, f2, f3 and f4, as shown in fig. 12, the magnitude and direction of the resultant force are calculated two by two in sequence to obtain a resultant force of f1+ f2+ f3+ f4, the resultant force is added to the axial force f5 of the piezoelectric spring 30 shown in fig. 11 to obtain a total resultant force f1+ f2+ f3+ f4+ f5 of the ablation catheter 100, and the magnitude and direction of the total resultant force f1+ f2+ f3+ f4+ f5 can be displayed in real time on a display connected to the ablation catheter 100.
The principle of contact force angle calculation and display is shown in fig. 13:
the axial angle a is calculated by taking the plane of the head end of the ablation electrode 10 as a reference plane, the plane of the head end of the ablation catheter 100 is 0 degree, the axial extension line of the ablation catheter 100 is 90 degrees, and the axial angle range is 0-90 degrees. The circumferential angle b is calculated with reference to the head end identification surface S0 of the ablation catheter 100, and the head end reference plane of the ablation catheter 100 is 0 degrees and is rotated in the clockwise direction until 360 degrees returns to the reference plane.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the ablation catheter 100 further comprises: the flow pipe 70 communicates with the inlet 110, and the flow pipe 70 injects the coolant into the chamber V1. The flow pipe 70 has one end communicating with the inlet 110 of the chamber V1 and the other end extending outside the body and communicating with the coolant supply device, and the coolant supply device can inject the coolant into the chamber V1 through the flow pipe 70.
An ablation catheter 100 according to the present invention is described in detail below in one specific embodiment with reference to the drawings. It is to be understood that the following description is only exemplary, and not a specific limitation of the invention.
As shown in fig. 4-7, the ablation catheter 100 includes: the catheter comprises a catheter body 20, an ablation electrode 10, a piezoelectric assembly, a flow-through tube 70, a positioning chip 104, a first ring electrode 101, a second ring electrode 102, a third ring electrode 103, a pull wire 105, a handle 80, a three-dimensional visualization electrode 106, a lead wire 107 and a tail wire 90.
The ablation electrode 10 is a cylindrical electrode, and is located at the head end of the tube body 20, and is used for delivering radio frequency current for ablation. The ablation electrode 10 may be self-cooled by spraying cooling saline. The diameter of the ablation electrode 10 can be 6F (2.00mm), 8F (2.67mm), 10F (3.34mm) and 12F (4.00mm), which is convenient for the operator to select according to the actual application.
The ablation electrode 10 is provided with a chamber V1, an injection port 110 communicated with the chamber V1 and a plurality of cooling holes 120, and the top of the chamber V1 is provided with a temperature sensor 140 for sensing the temperature change of the head end of the ablation electrode 10 in the ablation process.
The side of the ablation electrode 10 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 130 at intervals along the axial direction, the depth of the grooves 130 is within 0.5mm, and the width of the grooves 130 is within 1mm, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the surface of the ablation electrode 10 is increased.
The plurality of spray cooling holes 121 are uniformly distributed in the groove 130 at intervals, the diameter of each spray cooling hole is less than 50 microns, and the spray cooling holes are used for spraying cooling saline water to the surface of the ablation electrode 10 in a cloud form and forming circulation cooling with blood around the ablation electrode 10, so that the one-way circulation cooling effect is enhanced.
An injection port 110 for cooling saline is located at the rear of the ablation electrode 10 and communicates with the chamber V1 of the ablation electrode 10 for delivering cooling saline into the ablation electrode 10. The cooling saline is injected into the chamber V1 at the saline flow rate within 5ml/min by matching the number (more than 120) and the distribution of the cooling holes 120, so that the cooling effect on the ablation electrode 10 is ensured.
The part of the side surface of the ablation electrode 10 except the groove 130 is provided with a jet flow cooling hole 122 with the diameter below 100 um. Regularly distributed on the surface of the ablation electrode 10 and used for spraying cooling saline into the surrounding blood to form circulating cooling with the surrounding blood of the ablation electrode 10.
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the piezoelectric assembly includes: piezoelectric spring 30, insulating thermal barrier 40, piezoelectric reed 60, and base 50.
The piezoelectric spring 30 is located between the ablation electrode 10 and the piezoelectric reed 60, and the insulating heat-insulating sheet 40 is arranged between the piezoelectric spring 30 and the ablation electrode 10. The insulating heat-insulating sheet 40 is circular, and a cooling brine filling hole is formed in the middle. The insulating thermal-insulating sheet 40 is used for insulating the radiofrequency current of the ablation electrode 10, blocking the heat conduction of the ablation electrode 10 and fixing the piezoelectric spring 30. The surface of the piezoelectric spring 30 is insulated for sensing fine pressure changes in the axial direction of the ablation electrode 10.
As shown in fig. 10, the piezoelectric reed 60 is formed of an array of four polygonal reeds arranged axisymmetrically along the axis of the tubular body 20. The center of the piezoelectric reed 60 is provided with a filling hole, and a filling seam is arranged between two adjacent reeds. Base 50 is used to support and hold an array of piezoelectric reeds 60. The surface of the piezoelectric reed 60 is insulated for sensing the axial and lateral pressure transmitted through the piezoelectric spring 30.
As shown in fig. 9-12, the total force of the pressures experienced by each of the 2 reeds can be calculated using the parallelogram rule. The resulting resultant force is used to calculate a contact vector along with the axial pressure of the piezoelectric spring 30, directing the tissue contact of the ablation electrode 10 and the performance of the ablation procedure.
A positioning chip 104 is disposed proximate to the base 50, the positioning chip 104 being used to position the catheter tip in three dimensions.
The first ring electrode 101 is positioned on the surface of the tube body 20 near the piezoelectric spring 30, the width of the first ring electrode 101 is within 2mm, the thickness of the first ring electrode 101 is within 0.3mm, and the bipolar potential at the distal end of the ablation catheter 100 is recorded by the cooperation of the first ring electrode 101 and the ablation electrode 10.
The second ring electrode 102 and the third ring electrode 103 are located at the distal end of the body 20 and form a proximal electrode pair. The second ring-shaped electrode 102 and the third ring-shaped electrode 103 each have a width of 2mm or less and a thickness of 0.3mm or less. The second ring electrode 102 and the third ring electrode 103 are spaced within 5mm of each other for recording bipolar potentials at the proximal end of the ablation catheter 100.
The catheter body 20 includes a flexible section of the catheter body between the ablation electrode 10 and the first ring electrode 101 for controlling lateral deformation of the tip of the ablation catheter 100.
The pipe body 20 is internally provided with a traction steel wire 105, the traction steel wire 105 is matched with the handle 80 and the sliding handle, the head end of the catheter is bent in a one-way mode, and the maximum bending degree is 360 degrees. The catheter head end of the ablation catheter 100 is provided with a curved plane three-dimensional indicator, and the head end of the handle 80 is provided with a curved plane indicator.
As shown in fig. 8, the tail of the ablation catheter 100 is provided with a tail 90 for connection to a host machine. The three-dimensional visible electrode 106 is arranged in the catheter body 20, and more than 1 three-dimensional visible electrode 106 is arranged at a distance of more than 5cm from the 10cm of the head end of the ablation catheter 100 and is used for displaying the catheter body at the head end of the catheter on a three-dimensional map.
The indication mark of the bending plane of the head end of the ablation catheter 100 is positioned at the head end of the handle 80 and is used for indicating the bending plane of the head end of the ablation catheter 100.
As shown in fig. 13, calculation and three-dimensional display of the tip contact vector of the ablation catheter 100: and (3) calculating the contact angle between the head end of the ablation catheter 100 and the tissue by matching with a host: (1) the axial angle a is in the range of 0-90 degrees, the plane of the head end of the ablation electrode 10 is 0 degree, and the extension line of the central axis of the head end of the ablation catheter 100 is 90 degrees. (2) Tube peripheral angle b: the angle ranges from 0 to 360 degrees, with the plane of curvature of the tip of the ablation catheter 100 being 0 degrees, in a clockwise direction up to 360 degrees.
The workflow and principles of the ablation catheter 100 of the present invention are as follows:
and S1, connecting the tail wire 90 of the ablation catheter 100, connecting a saline perfusion pipe joint, and fully exhausting.
S2, the tip of the ablation catheter 100 is advanced through the pre-positioned long sheath into the intended heart cavity.
And S3, balancing the zero point of the contact pressure, and displaying contact vector arrows of the tube body of the ablation catheter 100 and the head end of the ablation catheter 100 on the preset three-dimensional image of the heart cavity.
And S4, confirming that the size and the direction of the contact vector of the head end of the ablation catheter 100 are in a preset safety range.
S5, bending the tip of the ablation catheter 100 by the handle 80 and advancing the ablation catheter 100 so that the tip ablation electrode 10 contacts the endocardial tissue.
S6, the piezoelectric spring 30 at the head end of the ablation catheter 100 is deformed due to the reaction force of the tissue to the electrode, so as to generate weak deformation current, the magnitude of the current is in direct proportion to the contact force, and the axial contact force is formed through calculation of the host. While the axial angle a of the contact force is calculated.
S7, due to the reaction force of the tissue to the electrode, the piezoelectric spring 30 at the head end of the ablation catheter 100 is deformed, and the latter further causes the asymmetric deformation of the piezoelectric reed 60 matrix to generate weak deformation currents with different magnitudes, wherein the magnitude of the current is in direct proportion to the contact force, and the lateral contact force resultant force is formed through calculation of the host. And simultaneously calculating the circumferential angle b of the contact force.
And S8, the host computer comprehensively calculates the magnitude and the direction of the contact force and displays the magnitude and the direction of the contact force and the vector arrow form of the head end of the ablation catheter 100 and the screen display window form respectively.
S9, the operator completely adjusts the positioning and contact quality of the electrode at the head end of the ablation catheter 100 by controlling the catheter handle 80 according to the vector parameters at the head end of the ablation catheter 100.
The ablation electrode 10 and the ablation catheter 100 provided by the invention solve the following problems:
1. on the premise of keeping the side area of the columnar ablation electrode 10 at the head end of the catheter unchanged, the heat dissipation area is increased, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
2. Jet holes with different apertures are manufactured on the side surface of the columnar ablation electrode 10, and mist saline cooling is respectively carried out on the adjacent part of the ablation electrode 10 and jet flow scouring saline cooling is carried out on the periphery of the ablation electrode 10.
3. The number of the apertures on the side surface of the columnar ablation electrode 10 is increased to more than 120, and the diameter of a single aperture is reduced by more than 50%, so that the saline input is reduced by more than 50% on the premise of not reducing the existing cooling efficiency.
4. The ablation catheter 100 with different ablation electrode 10 diameters and matching cooling holes 120 is designed to increase the selectivity of the operator for different individual patients, different sites and different ablation efficiencies.
In summary, the ablation catheter 100 proposed by the present invention has the following advantages:
an annular groove 130 is formed in the side surface of the ablation electrode 10, so that the heat dissipation area is increased; cooling holes 120 with different apertures are manufactured on the side surface of the ablation electrode 10, and mist saline cooling and jet flow scouring saline cooling are respectively carried out on the adjacent part of the ablation electrode 10 and the periphery of the electrode by ablation, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is improved; the number of the side apertures of the ablation electrode 10 is increased to more than 120, the diameter of a single aperture is reduced by more than 50%, and the saline input is reduced by more than 50% on the premise of not reducing the cooling efficiency; the ablation catheter 100 and ablation electrode 10 diameters include a variety of models: 6F (2.00mm), 8F (2.67mm), 10F (3.34mm) and 12F (4.00mm), and increase the selectivity of the operator to different patients, different parts and different ablation efficiencies.
While the invention has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that it is intended by the appended drawings and description that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An ablation electrode, wherein the ablation electrode is used for generating radio frequency current to perform radio frequency ablation treatment on a focal position, the ablation electrode is provided with a cavity and an injection port and a plurality of cooling holes, the injection port is communicated with the cavity, cooling liquid is injected into the cavity through the injection port and is sprayed out from the cooling holes to cool the ablation electrode;
the outer surface of the ablation electrode is provided with the cooling hole and a groove, wherein the cooling hole is also arranged in the groove.
2. The ablation electrode of claim 1, wherein the ablation electrode is cylindrical, the groove is provided on a side surface of the ablation electrode, and the groove is an annular groove provided in a circumferential direction of the ablation electrode.
3. The ablation electrode of claim 2, wherein a plurality of the annular grooves are provided at intervals in an axial direction of the ablation electrode.
4. The ablation electrode of claim 2, wherein the cooling holes comprise:
the spray cooling hole is positioned in the groove, and cooling liquid in the cavity is sprayed out in a mist shape through the spray cooling hole;
and the jet cooling hole is positioned on the side surface of the ablation electrode except the groove, and the cooling liquid in the cavity is ejected in a ray form through the jet cooling hole.
5. The ablation electrode of claim 4, wherein the spray cooling holes and the jet cooling holes are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction of the ablation electrode, and the diameter of the spray cooling holes is smaller than that of the jet cooling holes.
6. The ablation electrode of any of claims 1-5, wherein the top and side walls of the ablation electrode are each provided with a plurality of temperature sensors for sensing the temperature of the ablation electrode.
7. An ablation catheter, comprising:
an ablation electrode according to any one of claims 1-6;
the ablation electrode is connected to the end of the tube body.
8. The ablation catheter of claim 7, further comprising:
the piezoelectric component is arranged in the tube body, when the ablation electrode is abutted against a focus part, part of the piezoelectric component is pressed and deformed, and voltage variable current used for obtaining contact force of the head end of the ablation electrode is generated.
9. The ablation catheter of claim 8, wherein the piezoelectric assembly comprises:
a piezoelectric spring disposed adjacent to the ablation electrode;
the piezoelectric reed is positioned at one end of the piezoelectric spring, which is far away from the ablation electrode, and abuts against the piezoelectric spring, and when the ablation electrode abuts against the focus part, the piezoelectric spring and the piezoelectric reed are both pressed and deformed, and generate the voltage-variable current;
an insulating thermal shield positioned between the ablation electrode and the piezoelectric spring;
the base is located at one end, far away from the piezoelectric spring, of the piezoelectric reed and used for fixing the piezoelectric reed.
10. The ablation catheter of claim 8 or 9, further comprising: and the circulating pipe is communicated with the injection port and is used for injecting cooling liquid into the cavity.
CN202010856374.9A 2020-08-24 2020-08-24 Ablation electrode and ablation catheter Pending CN111887981A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114288007A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 心诺普医疗技术（北京）有限公司 Fluid injection device and cryoballoon catheter

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114288007A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 心诺普医疗技术（北京）有限公司 Fluid injection device and cryoballoon catheter
CN114288007B (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-09-30 心诺普医疗技术（北京）有限公司 Fluid injection device and cryoballoon catheter
WO2023124070A1 (en) * 2021-12-31 2023-07-06 心诺普医疗技术（北京）有限公司 Fluid jet device and cryoballoon catheter

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