CN111885436B - Distribution network automatic communication system based on EPON technology - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
- H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
- H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/80—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water
- H04B10/85—Protection from unauthorised access, e.g. eavesdrop protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
- H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
- H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
- H04Q2011/0079—Operation or maintenance aspects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
- H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
- H04Q2011/009—Topology aspects
Abstract
The invention discloses a distribution network automatic communication system based on EPON technology, which adopts a 2-layer networking mode, and a plurality of switches simultaneously open a rapid ring network protection protocol; the local side master station and the transformer substation are configured with at least 6 switches to form a ring-shaped optical fiber Ethernet, and the transformer substation and the power distribution terminal under the jurisdiction thereof adopt an EPON communication system; at least one key server is arranged at the local side main station. Compared with the existing distribution automation communication scheme, the system meets the requirement of distribution network automation on a communication system, has outstanding advantages in the aspect of realizing a low-cost, high-speed and broadband and reliable optical fiber digital communication system, and eliminates a plurality of obstacles in distribution automation deployment due to the expandability of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a distribution network automatic communication system based on an EPON technology, and belongs to the technical field of distribution network automation.
Background
The automation of the power distribution network is realized by integrating online data and offline data of the power distribution network, user data, a power grid structure and geographic graphic information by using modern electronic technology, communication technology, computer and network technology to form a complete automation system. To realize distribution network automation, communication is a key link.
Through the rapid development in recent years, the power industry has gradually formed a huge core backbone communication network mainly based on optical fiber communication. The Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) technology combines the advantages of 2 technologies, ethernet and passive optical network, and EPON has significant application effect and becomes one of the main communication modes.
In fact, the design of the large-scale distribution network EPON has great flexibility, and different networking schemes have great influence on communication quality, communication benefits and operation, maintenance and management. However, the scale of the EPON in the current distribution automation engineering application is small, 80% of the EPON is smaller than 300 Optical Network Units (ONU), and the application design and operation verification of the EPON in a large-scale power distribution network are still very deficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a distribution network automatic communication system based on EPON technology by combining the technical characteristics of EPON and the requirement of distribution network automation on the communication system, and provides a corresponding solution scheme on the basis of carrying out analysis on the safety problem.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a distribution network automatic communication system based on EPON technology adopts a 2-layer networking mode, and a plurality of switches simultaneously open a rapid ring network protection protocol; the local side master station and the transformer substation are provided with at least 6 switches to form a ring-shaped optical fiber Ethernet, and the transformer substation and the subordinate power distribution terminals thereof adopt an EPON communication system; at least one key server is arranged at the local side main station.
As a further improvement of the invention, the EPON communication system adopts PON technology on a physical layer, adopts an Ethernet protocol on a link layer, and realizes the access of the Ethernet by applying a topological structure of the PON.
As a further improvement of the invention, the EPON communication system is a single-fiber bidirectional system consisting of an optical line terminal OLT, an optical distribution network ODN and a user side optical network unit ONU.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the EPON communication system forms a tree, star, ring and/or bus topology form.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the work flow of the distribution network automatic communication system is as follows:
step S1, before the jth OLT or the ith ONU is configured to the distribution network automation communication system, registering the jth OLT or the ith ONU with a key server off-line;
step S2, the OLT and the ONU execute an automatic registration process according to the MPCP, and the OLT acquires the MAC address of the ONU and gives the ONU an LLID;
in step S3, the OLT and the ONU are communication entities sharing the key, and verify the legitimacy of each other by using an inquiry-response mechanism.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, after the OLT and/or ONU registers by offline registration, the OLT obtains the key k shared with the key serverjThe ONU obtains a key k issued by a key serveri。
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the key server sends the MAC address of the ONU and the corresponding key kiAnd (5) binding and storing.
As a further improvement of the present invention, during the registration procedure in step S2, the OLT uses the key k it shares with the key serveriThe MAC address of the encrypted ONU is sent to a key server; after the key server verifies that the ONU is legal through the MAC address of the ONU, the key k bound with the MAC addressiBy k, usingiThe encryption is sent to the OLT.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, a key established when the OLT and the ONU perform authentication is used as a main key, and the OLT and the ONU generate a session key by using a Hash function, thereby completing encryption and decryption operations of communication data.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the distribution network automation communication system is provided with a security mechanism, assuming that the shared key of the OLT and the ONU is k, the encryption and decryption operations in the used symmetric cryptographic algorithm are respectively represented by EK () and Dk (), there is a Hash function for the system, and the implementation flow of the security mechanism is as follows:
step S31, the 0LT sends a GATE discovery frame to detect an ONU that does not access the network;
step S32, ONU sends REGISTER request frame REGISTER-REQ to OLT, its content includes its own MAC address;
step S33, OLT sends REGISTER frame REGISTER to newly found ONU;
step S34, the OLT sends a GATE authentication frame to the ONU;
in step S35, the OLT generates a random number niEncrypting the ciphertext E with kk(ni) Sending to the ONU;
in step S36, the ONU decrypts E firstk(ni) To obtain niAnd generates a random number njThen encrypt n with kjAnd E isk(nj) And niSending to 0 LT;
step S37, the OLT compares whether the received ni is the same as the random number generated by the OLT; if the ONU identity is the same, the validity of the ONU is verified; the OLT sends a standard GATE authorization frame to the ONU to allow the ONU to send message REGISTER ACK;
step S38, OLT Ek(nj) And sends n to the ONUjWhile computing the session key Ks＝Hash(k，nj)；
In step S39, the ONU receives the GATE authorization frame and njThen, n is comparedjWhether the random number is the same as the original random number generated by the user; if the data are the same, the validity of the OLT is verified; ONU calculates session key Ks＝Hash(k，nj) And use KsREGISTER ACK is sent to the OLT encrypted.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
compared with the existing distribution automation communication scheme, the communication system based on the EPON meets the requirements of distribution network automation on the communication system, has outstanding advantages in the aspects of realizing a low-cost, high-speed and broadband and reliable optical fiber digital communication system, and eliminates a plurality of obstacles in distribution automation deployment due to the expandability of the system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a current state of a power distribution network optical fiber communication mode;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a distribution network automation communication system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of an EPON communication system of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a security mechanism of the distribution network automation communication system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting.
Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be discussed further in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these directional terms do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
In the current situation of the optical fiber communication mode of the power distribution network, the power distribution communication network mainly comprises a power distribution communication network management platform, a communication network from a power distribution automation master station (local side) to a transformer substation, which is called a main network/backbone communication network, and a communication network from the transformer substation to a power distribution terminal (power distribution station room station), which is called a power distribution communication access network, as shown in fig. 1. Because the relation between the electricity distribution service and the electricity utilization service in the aspects of information transmission and service flow direction is tight, a room is reserved for sharing communication resources, and the potential requirements of quasi-real-time communication services such as bearing electricity utilization information collection and the like need to be considered.
The power backbone communication network is generally deployed between a 35kV/110kV transformer substation and a transformer substation with a voltage class higher than that of the transformer substation to a local side. The backbone communication network mainly adopts the technologies of optical fiber, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)/SDH-based multi-service transport platform (MSTP) and the like for networking. This hierarchy is also known as the backbone layer of the power distribution communication network.
The distribution communication access network is generally deployed between a 35kV/110kV transformer substation node and a physical node of a distribution transformer which is downwards communicated to 10kV, and the layer belongs to a power communication network with the voltage class of 10kV/20kV, namely the distribution communication access network.
The problem of the existing distribution network optical fiber communication mode is that backbone communication network nodes deployed in a transformer substation and distribution communication backbone nodes are usually overlapped in the geographical position. In application, the power distribution communication network backbone layer can utilize the power communication backbone layer to link the power distribution access layer for communication, and the power distribution communication network backbone layer and the power distribution access layer are operated in an overlapping mode. But face the following outstanding problems:
ONU networking level configuration, linkage and optical port selection with practical significance;
secondly, the planning design of the protection of an optical network terminal (OLT) and the uplink communication reduces or does not occupy the transmission resource of the power backbone communication on the premise of not increasing the investment;
planning optical cables and optical cores and the like.
A corresponding solution is proposed on the basis, as shown in fig. 2, the distribution network automatic communication system based on the EPON technology adopts a layer 2 networking mode, and a plurality of switches simultaneously open a fast ring network protection protocol; the local side master station and the transformer substation are provided with at least 6 switches to form a ring-shaped optical fiber Ethernet, and the transformer substation and the subordinate power distribution terminals thereof adopt an EPON communication system; at least one key server is arranged at the local side main station.
The EPON communication system adopts PON technology on a physical layer, adopts an Ethernet protocol on a link layer, and realizes the access of Ethernet by applying a topological structure of the PON.
As a further improvement of the invention, the EPON communication system is a single-fiber bidirectional system consisting of an optical line terminal OLT, an optical distribution network ODN and a user side optical network unit ONU.
The 0DN is composed of optical fiber and passive optical splitter or connector, and provides optical channel between OLT and ONU, which is mainly responsible for distributing downlink data and centralizing uplink data, and completes functions of optical signal power distribution and wavelength multiplexing. The EPON employs a wavelength division multiplexing technology to simultaneously process bidirectional signal transmission, downlink data is transmitted from 0LT to all ONUs in a point-to-multipoint broadcast manner, uplink data is uniformly aggregated from each 0NU to the central office OLT in a time division multiplexing manner, and a basic network architecture of the EPON communication system is shown in fig. 3.
As a further improvement of the invention, the EPON communication system is organized in a tree, star, ring and/or bus topology.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the work flow of the distribution network automation communication system is as follows:
step S1, before the jth OLT or ith ONU is configured to the distribution network automation communication system, registering the jth OLT or ith ONU with a key server off-line;
step S2, the OLT and the ONU execute an automatic registration process according to the MPCP, and the OLT acquires the MAC address of the ONU and gives the ONU an LLID;
in step S3, the OLT and the ONU are communication entities sharing the secret key, and the OLT and the ONU respectively verify the legitimacy of each other by using an inquiry-response mechanism.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, after the OLT and/or ONU registers by offline registration, the OLT obtains the key k shared with the key serverjThe ONU obtains a key k issued by a key serveri。
As a further improvement of the invention, the key server uses the MAC address of the ONU and the corresponding key kiAnd binding and storing.
As a further improvement of the present invention, during the registration procedure in step S2, the OLT uses the key k it shares with the key serveriThe MAC address of the encrypted ONU is sent to a key server; after the key server verifies that the MAC address of the ONU is legal through the MAC address, the key k bound with the MAC addressiBy kiThe encryption is sent to the OLT.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, a key established when the OLT and the ONU perform authentication is used as a master key, and the OLT and the ONU generate a session key by using a Hash function, thereby completing operations of encrypting and decrypting communication data.
As shown in fig. 4, the distribution network automation communication system has a security mechanism, assuming that the shared key of the OLT and the ONU is k, the encryption and decryption operations in the used symmetric cryptographic algorithm are respectively represented by EK () and Dk (), there is a Hash function for the system, and the implementation flow of the security mechanism is as follows:
step S31, the 0LT sends a GATE discovery frame to detect an ONU which does not access the network;
step S32, the ONU sends a registration request frame REGISTER-REQ to the OLT, and the content of the registration request frame REGISTER-REQ contains the MAC address of the ONU;
step S33, the OLT sends out a registration frame REGISTER to the newly found ONU;
step S34, the OLT sends a GATE authentication frame to the ONU;
in step S35, the OLT generates a random number niEncrypting the ciphertext E with kk(ni) Sending to the ONU;
in step S36, the ONU decrypts E firstk(ni) To obtain niAnd generates a random number njThen encrypt n with kjAnd E isk(nj) And niSending to 0 LT;
in step S37, the OLT compares the received niWhether the random number is the same as the self-generated random number or not; if the ONU is the same, the validity of the ONU is verified; the OLT sends a standard GATE authorization frame to the ONU to allow the ONU to send message REGISTER ACK;
step S38, OLT Ek(nj) And sends n to the ONUjSimultaneously computing a session key Ks＝Hash(k，nj)；
Step S39, the ONU receives GATE authorizationFrame sum njThen, n is comparedjWhether the random number is the same as the original random number generated by the user; if the data are the same, the validity of the OLT is verified; ONU calculates session key Ks＝Hash(k，nj) And use KsREGISTER ACK is sent to the OLT encrypted.
In the above protocol, the random number niFor the OLT's challenge to the ONU, njFor the inquiry sent by ONU to OLT, using symmetric cipher algorithm, if OIT and ONU can decrypt n correctly respectivelyiAnd njWith the challenge-response mechanism, the OLT and ONU can verify that they are entities sharing a key and successfully run the key establishment protocol.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; it is obvious as a person skilled in the art to combine several technical solutions of the present invention. And such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A distribution network automatic communication system based on EPON technology is characterized in that: the automatic communication system of the power distribution network adopts a 2-layer networking mode, and a plurality of switches simultaneously start a rapid ring network protection protocol; the local side master station and the transformer substation are configured with at least 6 switches to form a ring-shaped optical fiber Ethernet, and the transformer substation and the power distribution terminal under the jurisdiction thereof adopt an EPON communication system; at least one key server is arranged in a local side master station;
the work flow of the distribution network automatic communication system is as follows:
step S1, before the jth OLT or ith ONU is configured to the distribution network automation communication system, registering the jth OLT or ith ONU with a key server off-line;
step S2, the OLT and the ONU execute an automatic registration process according to the MPCP, and the OLT acquires the MAC address of the ONU and gives the ONU an LLID;
step S3, OLT and ONU are communication entities sharing secret key, and the OLT and ONU respectively verify the validity of each other by using an inquiry-response mechanism;
in step S3, a key established when the OLT and the ONU perform authentication is used as a master key, and the OLT and the ONU generate a session key by using a Hash function to complete encryption and decryption operations of communication data;
the distribution network automation communication system is provided with a security mechanism, a shared secret key of an OLT (optical line terminal) and an ONU (optical network unit) is assumed to be k, encryption and decryption operations in a used symmetric cryptographic algorithm are respectively represented by EK (·) and Dk (·), a Hash function for the system is provided, and the implementation flow of the security mechanism is as follows:
step S31, the 0LT sends a GATE discovery frame to detect an ONU which does not access the network;
step S32, the ONU sends a registration request frame REGISTER-REQ to the OLT, and the content of the registration request frame REGISTER-REQ contains the MAC address of the ONU;
step S33, OLT sends REGISTER frame REGISTER to newly found ONU;
step S34, the OLT sends a GATE authentication frame to the ONU;
in step S35, the OLT generates a random number niEncrypting the ciphertext E with kk(ni) Sending the data to the ONU;
in step S36, the ONU first decrypts Ek(ni) To obtain niAnd generates a random number njThen encrypt n with kjAnd E is combined withk(nj) And niSending to 0 LT;
step S37, the OLT compares whether the received ni is the same as the random number generated by the OLT; if the ONU is the same, the validity of the ONU is verified; the OLT sends a standard GATE grant frame to the ONU to allow the ONU to send message REGISTER ACK;
step S38, OLT Ek(nj) And sends n to the ONUjSimultaneously computing a session key Ks＝Hash(k，nj)；
In step S39, the ONU receives the GATE authorization frame and njThen, n is comparedjWhether or not it is in phase with the originally generated random numberThe same process is carried out; if the data are the same, the validity of the OLT is verified; ONU calculates session key Ks＝Hash(k，nj) And use KsREGISTER ACK is sent to the OLT encrypted.
2. The distribution network automation communication system based on EPON technology of claim 1, further comprising: the EPON communication system adopts PON technology on a physical layer, adopts an Ethernet protocol on a link layer, and realizes the access of Ethernet by applying a topological structure of the PON.
3. The distribution network automation communication system based on EPON technology of claim 2, further comprising: the EPON communication system is a single-fiber bidirectional system consisting of an optical line terminal OLT, an optical distribution network ODN and a user side optical network unit ONU.
4. The distribution network automation communication system of claim 3 based on EPON technology, wherein: the EPON communication system forms a tree, star, ring and/or bus topology form.
5. The distribution network automation communication system of claim 4, wherein in step S1, after the OLT and/or ONU registers via offline registration, the OLT obtains the key k shared with the key serverjThe ONU obtains a key k issued by a key serveri。
6. The distribution network automation communication system of claim 5 in which the key server maps the MAC address of the ONU and the corresponding key k toiAnd binding and storing.
7. The distribution network automation communication system of claim 6 wherein during the registration process in step S2, the OLT uses the key k shared with the key serveriEncrypting an ONUThe MAC address is sent to a key server; after the key server verifies that the MAC address of the ONU is legal through the MAC address, the key k bound with the MAC addressiBy kiThe encryption is sent to the OLT.
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