CN111884963A

CN111884963A - Transmission equipment, method and system of reference signal

Info

Publication number: CN111884963A
Application number: CN202010518068.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黎超; 赵振山
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-11-05
Filing date: 2015-11-05
Publication date: 2020-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2035-11-05
Also published as: CN108141425A; CN111884963B; WO2017075789A1; CN108141425B

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to transmission equipment, a method and a system of reference signals, which are used for ensuring normal communication between communication equipment as far as possible when frequency deviation exists between the communication equipment. The application provides a transmitting device, including: the processing module is used for generating a reference signal, and the reference signal is a first type of reference signal; the transmitting module is used for transmitting the reference signal generated by the processing module; in the time domain, in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the first type of reference signal occupies at least five symbols, and two symbols exist in the at least five symbols, and the inter-symbol interval of the two symbols does not exceed two symbols. The design of the first type of reference signal can ensure that when the frequency deviation value between the devices which are communicated with each other is large, the receiving device estimates the frequency deviation through the designed reference signal and makes corresponding correction, thereby ensuring the normal communication between the devices.

Description

Transmission equipment, method and system of reference signal

This application is a divisional application of the application entitled "a transmission apparatus, method and system of reference signals" with application number 201580084122.6.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a device, a method, and a system for transmitting a reference signal.

Background

In a wireless communication system, a Reference Signal (RS) is sent from a Reference Signal sending device to a Reference Signal receiving device, and can be used for channel estimation, Signal demodulation, Automatic Gain Control (AGC), Signal quality measurement, positioning, channel detection, positioning, and the like.

In a wireless communication system, the premise of normal communication between devices is that: the devices are in synchronization with each other. But various reasons may result in inaccurate synchronization between devices.

Such as: two vehicles are communicated with each other, if the two vehicles are synchronized to two base stations, and the two base stations are not synchronized, frequency deviation may exist during communication between the two vehicles, and for example, the communication frequency between the vehicles is 6GHz, the frequency deviation value between the two vehicles may be as high as 3-7 kHz, so that normal communication between the two vehicles cannot be achieved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present application provides a device, a method and a system for transmitting a reference signal, which are used to ensure normal communication between communication devices as much as possible when there is a frequency deviation between the communication devices.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a device for sending a reference signal, including:

the processing module is used for generating a reference signal, wherein the reference signal is a first type of reference signal;

the transmitting module is used for transmitting the reference signal generated by the processing module;

wherein, in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the first type of reference signal occupies at least five symbols in a time domain, and there are two symbols in the at least five symbols, and an inter-symbol interval of the two symbols is not greater than two symbols.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a receiving apparatus of a reference signal, including:

a receiving module, configured to receive a reference signal;

the processing module is used for carrying out signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiving module;

In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for sending a reference signal, including:

generating a reference signal, wherein the reference signal is a first type of reference signal;

sending out the generated reference signal;

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a method for receiving a reference signal, including:

receiving a reference signal, wherein the reference signal is a first type of reference signal;

processing the received reference signal;

In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a wireless communication system, comprising:

the transmitting equipment is used for generating a reference signal and transmitting the generated reference signal;

the receiving device is used for receiving the reference signal sent by the sending device and processing the received reference signal;

the reference signal is a first type of reference signal;

In any of the above aspects, in order to ensure normal communication between communication apparatuses having a large frequency deviation, the reference signal transmitted between the communication apparatuses satisfies the following condition:

in the time domain, the reference signal occupies at least five symbols in each occupied subframe, and there are two symbols among the at least five symbols, the inter-symbol interval of the two symbols being not more than two symbols.

The reference signal occupies at least five symbols in each occupied subframe, so that the receiving equipment of the reference signal can acquire enough reference signal resources to carry out frequency deviation estimation, and can acquire more reference signals in unit time under the conditions that the communication equipment moves at a high speed and the channel changes rapidly, and the result of channel estimation according to the reference signals is more accurate.

Two symbols exist in the at least five symbols, and the inter-symbol interval of the two symbols is not more than two symbols, so as to ensure that a larger frequency deviation value can be correctly estimated. The larger the interval between two symbols containing a reference signal, the smaller the frequency offset value that can be accurately estimated by the receiving apparatus of the reference signal.

Therefore, the design of the reference signal can ensure that when the frequency deviation value between the devices which are communicated with each other is large, the receiving device estimates the frequency deviation through the designed reference signal and makes corresponding correction, thereby ensuring the normal communication between the devices.

With reference to the first aspect, the third aspect, or the fifth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, before the sending device of the reference signal generates the reference signal, the sending device of the reference signal determines that the reference signal is the first type of reference signal according to a type of a synchronization source to which the sending device of the reference signal synchronizes and/or a moving speed of the sending device of the reference signal.

In this possible implementation manner, the type of the reference signal may be determined according to the type of the synchronization source of the transmitting device and/or the moving speed of the transmitting device, and flexible setting of the type of the reference signal may be achieved.

In combination with the first possible implementation manner, in a second possible implementation manner,

and if the type of the synchronization source to which the reference signal sending equipment synchronizes is a synchronization source of which the synchronization precision is lower than a precision threshold, or the moving speed of the reference signal sending equipment is higher than a moving speed threshold, the reference signal sending equipment determines that the reference signal is the first type of reference signal.

In this possible implementation manner, when the accuracy of the synchronization source synchronized by the transmitting device is low or the moving speed of the transmitting device is high, it may be determined that the reference signal is the first type of reference signal, and since the first type of reference signal has a large time domain density in the time domain and the frequency deviation value that can be estimated by the receiving device according to the first type of reference signal is large, the receiving performance of the receiving device may be improved by using the first type of reference signal.

With reference to any one of the above aspects, and in any one of the possible implementations of any one of the above aspects, in a third possible implementation,

in each slot of the subframe, the first type of reference signal occupies at least two symbols.

The receiving equipment can correctly estimate the larger frequency deviation value. The larger the interval between two symbols containing a reference signal, the smaller the frequency offset value that can be accurately estimated by the receiving apparatus of the reference signal.

With reference to any one of the above aspects, and in any one of the possible implementations of any one of the above aspects, in a fourth possible implementation,

in the frequency domain, in each resource unit occupied by the first type of reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers.

In each resource unit occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers, so that physical resources occupied by the reference signal are saved, the data transmission efficiency is improved, and the frequency domain is achieved.

With reference to any one of the above aspects, and any one of the possible implementations of any one of the aspects, in a fifth possible implementation,

in the frequency domain, the first type of reference signals occupy at least three subcarriers in each resource unit occupied by the first type of reference signals.

The reference signal occupies at least 3 sub-carriers in a resource unit, and the value is selected in consideration of both the requirement of reference signal density in the time domain and the performance requirement of channel estimation.

With reference to any one of the above aspects and any one of possible implementation manners of any aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, in a time domain, in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the number of symbols occupied by the first reference signal is smaller than the number of symbols available for data transmission in the subframe.

With reference to any one of the above aspects and any one of possible implementation manners of any aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner, in a time domain, in each slot in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of adjacent symbols.

As described above, the larger the interval between two symbols containing the reference signal is, the smaller the frequency offset value that can be accurately estimated by the receiving device of the reference signal is, and therefore, in each slot in each subframe occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of adjacent symbols, and the estimation performance of the receiving device on the frequency offset value of each slot can be ensured.

With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner, in an eighth possible implementation manner, in each slot in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the first type of reference signal respectively occupies two groups of symbols, and each group of symbols includes a plurality of adjacent symbols.

This can ensure the performance of the receiving device in estimating the frequency offset value in each slot. And the maximum frequency deviation value can be ensured in any time slot, and the communication equipment can have better channel estimation and frequency deviation value estimation performance even if the signal-to-noise ratio is lower under the scene of high-speed movement, the more the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal is, the stronger the noise suppression capability of the receiving equipment during channel estimation is, and the stronger the estimation capability of the frequency deviation value is.

With reference to any one of the above aspects and any one of the first to sixth possible implementations of any one of the aspects, in a ninth possible implementation,

if the subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal is a normal CP subframe, a symbol occupied by the first type of reference signal in one slot of the occupied subframe includes:

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 5, symbol 6;

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 5.

With reference to any one of the above aspects, and any one of the possible implementations of any one of the aspects, in a tenth possible implementation,

the subframes occupied by the first type of reference signals comprise: a synchronous subframe and/or a non-synchronous subframe; the synchronous sub-frame comprises a synchronous signal, and the asynchronous sub-frame does not comprise the synchronous signal.

With reference to any one of the above aspects, and any one of the possible implementations of any one of the aspects, in an eleventh possible implementation,

the sending equipment of the reference signal and the receiving equipment of the reference signal are both terminal equipment; or

The sending equipment of the reference signal is terminal equipment, and the receiving equipment of the reference signal is network equipment;

the sending equipment of the reference signal is network equipment, and the receiving equipment of the reference signal is terminal equipment; or

The sending equipment of the reference signal and the receiving equipment of the reference signal are both network equipment;

with reference to the eleventh possible implementation manner, in a twelfth possible implementation manner, the network device includes a base station, and the terminal device includes a user equipment UE or a road side unit RSU.

With reference to any one of the above aspects, and any one of the possible implementations of any one of the aspects, in a thirteenth possible implementation,

in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the last symbol is a null symbol GAP.

With reference to any one of the above aspects, and any one of the possible implementations of any one of the aspects, in a fourteenth possible implementation,

the first type of reference signal is a reference signal sent by the same antenna port.

In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a device for transmitting power indication information, including:

the processing module is used for acquiring a first transmission power value of the first signal;

a sending module, configured to send first power indication information to a receiving device of the first signal when the first transmit power value obtained by the processing module is greater than a transmit power threshold, where the first power indication information is used to indicate:

the first transmit power value is greater than the transmit power threshold; or

A power offset value between the first transmit power value and a second transmit power value of a second signal; or

A power offset exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; or

The first transmit power value;

the first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol which does not include a reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol which includes the reference signal in a subframe where the first signal is located; or

The first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol including the reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol.

In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a device for receiving power indication information, including:

a receiving module, configured to receive first power indication information sent by a sending device of a first signal, where the first power indication information is used to indicate: a first transmit power value of the first signal is greater than the transmit power threshold; or a power offset value between the first transmit power value and a second transmit power value of a second signal; or there is a power offset between the first transmit power value and the second transmit power value; or the first transmit power value;

the processing module is used for determining that a power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and a second transmission power value of a second signal according to the first power indication information;

determining the power deviation value, and demodulating data in the first signal or data in a subframe where the first signal is located according to the determined power deviation value;

In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a method for sending power indication information, including:

acquiring a first transmission power value of a first signal;

if the obtained first transmission power value is greater than a transmission power threshold, sending first power indication information to a receiving device of the first signal, where the first power indication information is used to indicate:

the first transmit power value is greater than the transmit power threshold; or

The first transmit power value;

In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a method for receiving power indication information, including:

first power indication information sent by a sending device receiving a first signal, wherein the first power indication information is used for indicating that: a first transmit power value of the first signal is greater than the transmit power threshold; or a power offset value between the first transmit power value and a second transmit power value of a second signal; or there is a power offset between the first transmit power value and the second transmit power value; or the first transmit power value;

determining that a power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and a second transmission power value of a second signal according to the first power indication information;

In a tenth aspect, the present application provides a wireless communication system comprising:

a sending device, configured to send, to a receiving device, first power indication information when a first transmission power value of a first signal is greater than a transmission power threshold, where the first power indication information is used to indicate: the first transmit power value is greater than the transmit power threshold; or a power offset value between the first transmit power value and a second transmit power value of a second signal; or there is a power offset between the first transmit power value and the second transmit power value; or the first transmit power value;

the receiving device is configured to receive the first power indication information sent by the sending device, determine, according to the first power indication information, that a power offset exists between the first transmission power value and a second transmission power value of a second signal, determine the power offset value, and demodulate, according to the determined power offset value, data in the first signal or data in a subframe where the first signal is located;

In any of the sixth to tenth aspects, in order to solve a problem that a Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of a reference signal is generally higher than a PAPR of data, the transmitting device notifies the receiving device that a transmission Power value of data to be transmitted is too high, and after the receiving device knows the situation, the receiving device performs corresponding processing when demodulating the data to ensure performance of data demodulation.

With reference to any one of the sixth aspect to the tenth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, when the first transmission power value is not greater than the transmission power threshold, the sending device of the first signal sends second power indication information to the receiving device of the first signal, where the second power indication information is used to indicate:

the first transmit power value is not greater than the transmit power threshold; or

No power offset exists between the first transmit power value and the second transmit power value; or

The first transmit power value.

With reference to any one of the sixth aspect to the tenth aspect, or the first possible implementation manner of any one of the aspects, in a second possible implementation manner,

the transmitting device or the receiving device of the first signal determines the power offset value based on at least one of the following information:

a mapping mode of the reference signal to the physical resource;

the modulation mode of data in the subframe of the reference signal;

a multi-carrier mode of data in a subframe where the reference signal is located;

a system bandwidth;

and the bandwidth occupied by the data in the subframe of the reference signal.

In an eleventh aspect, the present application provides a transmission power adjustment apparatus comprising:

the power value acquisition module is used for acquiring a first transmission power value of the first signal;

the first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol which does not include a reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol which includes the reference signal in a subframe where the first signal is located; or the first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol comprising the reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol;

a power adjustment module, configured to perform the following power adjustment when the first transmit power value obtained by the power value obtaining module is greater than a transmit power threshold: reducing the transmission power of the first signal by a power adjustment amount, and reducing the transmission power of the second signal by the power adjustment amount or keeping the transmission power of the second signal unchanged.

In a twelfth aspect, the present application provides a method for adjusting transmit power, including:

acquiring a first transmission power value of a first signal;

The first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol comprising the reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol;

if the obtained first transmission power value is larger than the transmission power threshold, performing the following power adjustment: reducing the transmission power of the first signal by a power adjustment amount, and reducing the transmission power of the second signal by the power adjustment amount or keeping the transmission power of the second signal unchanged.

In the eleventh and twelfth aspects of the present application, for the problem that the PAPR of the reference signal is usually higher than the PAPR of the data, the sending device obtains the transmit power value of the data to be sent, and if the obtained power value is too high, the transmit power is adjusted to avoid saturation of the transmit power of the transmitter, thereby ensuring the data demodulation performance of the receiving device.

With reference to the eleventh or twelfth aspect described above, in a first possible implementation manner,

before power adjustment, the sending equipment determines the power adjustment amount according to at least one of the following information:

the mapping mode of the reference signal mapping to the physical resource, the modulation mode of the data in the subframe of the reference signal, the multi-carrier mode of the data in the subframe of the reference signal, the system bandwidth and the bandwidth occupied by the data in the subframe of the reference signal.

In a thirteenth aspect, the present application provides a device for transmitting a reference signal, including:

the processing module is used for determining the reference signal as the first type of reference signal or the second type of reference signal according to the type of a synchronization source to which the sending equipment is synchronized and/or the moving speed of the sending equipment of the reference signal; and generating the reference signal;

the number of symbols occupied by the first type of reference signal in a subframe is larger than that occupied by the second type of reference signal in a subframe.

In a fourteenth aspect, the present application provides a receiving apparatus of a reference signal,

a processing module, configured to determine a type of a reference signal sent by a sending device of the reference signal, where the type of the reference signal includes: a first type of reference signal or a second type of reference signal;

a receiving module, configured to receive the reference signal according to the determined type of the reference signal;

the processing module is further configured to: performing signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiving module;

In a fifteenth aspect, the present application provides a method for sending a reference signal, including:

determining the reference signal as a first type of reference signal or a second type of reference signal according to the type of a synchronization source to which the sending equipment of the reference signal synchronizes and/or the moving speed of the sending equipment of the reference signal;

generating the reference signal;

sending out the generated reference signal;

In a sixteenth aspect, the present application provides a reference signal receiving method,

determining a type of a reference signal transmitted by a transmitting device of the reference signal, wherein the type of the reference signal comprises: a first type of reference signal or a second type of reference signal;

receiving the reference signal according to the determined type of the reference signal;

performing signal processing on the received reference signal;

In a seventeenth aspect, the present application provides a wireless communication system, comprising:

the sending device is used for determining that a reference signal to be sent is a first-type reference signal or a second-type reference signal according to the type of a synchronous source to which the sending device is synchronized and/or the moving speed of the sending device, generating the reference signal and sending the generated reference signal;

the receiving device is used for determining the type of the reference signal, receiving the reference signal according to the determined type of the reference signal and carrying out signal processing on the received reference signal;

With reference to any one of the thirteenth to fifteenth aspects, in a first possible implementation manner, the processing module is specifically configured to:

if the type of the synchronization source to which the sending equipment of the reference signal synchronizes is a synchronization source of which the synchronization precision is lower than a precision threshold, or the moving speed of the sending equipment of the reference signal is higher than a moving speed threshold, determining that the reference signal is the first type of reference signal;

and if the type of the synchronization source to which the sending equipment of the reference signal synchronizes is a synchronization source of which the synchronization precision is not lower than the precision threshold and the moving speed of the sending equipment of the reference signal is not higher than the moving speed threshold, determining that the reference signal is the second-class reference signal.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a subframe including a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) symbol in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of transmit power saturation;

fig. 3A is a diagram illustrating an architecture of a wireless communication system in which the present application is applicable;

fig. 3B is a diagram illustrating another architecture of a wireless communication system suitable for use in the present application;

FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a vehicle networking system suitable for use with the present application;

FIG. 4 is an architectural schematic diagram of a vehicle networking system including a synchronization source;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an alternative process of generating and transmitting a reference signal by a transmitting device according to a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an alternative process for receiving and processing a reference signal by a receiving device according to a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8A to 8P are schematic diagrams of alternative mapping manners of reference signals according to a second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9A to 9D are schematic diagrams of alternative mapping manners of reference signals according to a third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a flowchart of an interaction procedure between a sending device and a receiving device according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a flowchart of a processing flow of a sending device according to a fifth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a flowchart of an interaction procedure between a sending device and a receiving device according to a sixth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a first reference signal sending device according to a seventh embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second reference signal sending device according to an eighth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first reference signal receiving device according to a ninth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a first reference signal receiving device according to a tenth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a first apparatus for sending power indication information according to an eleventh embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting device for second power indication information according to a twelfth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving apparatus for first power indication information according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving device for second power indication information according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a first transmission power adjustment device according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a second transmission power adjustment device according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a third reference signal transmitting apparatus according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a third reference signal receiving apparatus according to an eighteenth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 25 is a flowchart of a first reference signal sending method according to nineteenth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 26 is a flowchart of a first reference signal receiving method according to a twentieth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 27 is a flowchart of a method for sending power indication information according to twenty-first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 28 is a flowchart of a receiving method of power indication information according to twenty-two embodiments of the present application;

fig. 29 is a flowchart of a transmit power adjustment method according to twenty-third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 30 is a flowchart of a second reference signal sending method according to twenty-fourth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 31 is a flowchart of a transmit power adjustment method according to twenty-five embodiments of the present application;

fig. 32 is a flowchart of a second reference signal sending method according to twenty-sixth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 33 is a flowchart of a second reference signal receiving method according to twenty-seventh embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is provided for a better understanding of the above-described objects, aspects and advantages of the present application. The detailed description sets forth various embodiments of the devices and/or methods via the use of diagrams and/or examples of block diagrams, flowcharts, and the like. In these block diagrams, flowcharts, and/or examples, one or more functions and/or operations are included. Those skilled in the art will understand that: the various functions and/or operations within these block diagrams, flowcharts or examples can be implemented, individually and collectively, by a wide variety of hardware, software, firmware, or any combination of hardware, software and firmware.

In the present application, on one hand, in order to ensure normal communication between communication devices with large frequency deviation, a reference signal transmitted between the communication devices satisfies the following conditions:

In the present application, on the other hand, since the Peak-to-Average power ratio (PAPR) of the reference signal is generally higher than the PAPR of the data, when the transmission power of the transmitter is saturated, for example, assuming that the maximum saturation power is 23dBm, the transmission power of the reference signal and the data is 23dBm, and since the PAPR of the reference signal is higher than the PAPR of the data by 3dB, the effective transmission power of the reference signal is only 23-3-20 dBm in practice. That is, the effective transmission power of the actual reference signal is lower than the effective power of the data by a predefined value, the higher PAPR of the reference signal reduces the efficiency of the rf device, resulting in the power of the reference signal being lower than the power of the data, and for amplitude modulation, the receiving device cannot correctly reflect the channel characteristics due to the received reference signal with the peak value truncated, and the channel estimation result of the receiving device is inaccurate, thereby causing data demodulation errors.

In view of the problem caused by the fact that the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of the reference signal is generally higher than the PAPR of the data, the present application provides a solution including the following two schemes:

the first solution is that the sending device obtains the transmission power value of the data to be sent, if the obtained power value is too high, the receiving device is informed of the situation of the too high power value, and after the receiving device knows the situation, corresponding processing is performed during data demodulation, so as to ensure the performance of data demodulation.

And secondly, the sending equipment acquires the transmission power value of the data to be sent, and if the acquired power value is overhigh, the sending power is adjusted to avoid the saturation of the sending power of the transmitter, so that the data demodulation performance of the receiving equipment is ensured.

In the present application, in another aspect, a reference signal transmission scheme is provided, which can flexibly determine the type of the reference signal according to the type of the synchronization source to which the transmitting device synchronizes and/or the moving speed of the transmitting device.

In the following, for ease of understanding, the basic concepts related to the present application are described.

For convenience of understanding, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system is taken as an example for description, but this does not mean that the present application is only applicable to the LTE system, and in fact, any reference signal transmission scheme provided in the present application may be adopted to solve the above mentioned problems and achieve the above mentioned effects.

Data transmission in LTE system

In the LTE system, downlink transmission, that is, transmission from Access network equipment such as a base station to a UE, is based on a multiple Access scheme of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA); uplink transmission, i.e., transmission of the UE to the Access network device, is based on a Single Carrier-frequency division Multiplexing Access (SC-FDMA) multiple Access scheme.

For downlink transmission, the time-frequency resources are divided into OFDM symbols in the time domain dimension and subcarriers in the frequency domain dimension; for uplink transmission, the time-frequency resources are divided into SC-FDM symbols in the frequency domain dimension. In this application, the symbol may be an OFDM symbol, an SC-FDM symbol, or a symbol in other multiple access manners, which is not limited in this application.

In the LTE system, the smallest Resource granularity is called Resource Element (RE), i.e. a time-frequency grid point that represents a time-domain symbol in a time domain and a subcarrier in a frequency domain.

Generally, the basic time unit scheduled by the access network device is one subframe, and one subframe includes a plurality of time domain symbols. Alternatively, for some scenarios requiring reduced transmission latency, the basic unit of time scheduled by the access network device may be 1 or more time domain symbols. The duration of the occupation of the sub-frame is a predefined length, and is a basic unit of occupying resources in a time domain during one-time transmission. Taking the LTE system as an example, the duration occupied by a subframe is 1ms at present, but the duration occupied by the subframe in the present application is not limited to the duration specified by the current LTE protocol, and may be other duration values, such as 0.5ms, 0.2ms, and 0.1 ms. In a multi-carrier system, the duration of a sub-frame is typically related to the sub-carrier spacing, and the larger the sub-carrier spacing, the shorter the duration of the sub-frame occupation. In summary, in this application, a subframe refers to a basic unit of occupying resources in a time domain at one transmission, and its length in the time domain is predefined.

In the LTE system, one subframe is divided to include 2 slots, and one slot includes several symbols.

In the LTE system, subframes may be divided into synchronous subframes and asynchronous subframes, where synchronous subframes include synchronous signals and asynchronous subframes do not include synchronous signals.

In an LTE system, signals (including data and/or reference signals) may be transmitted through one or more antenna ports. The antenna port is a logical port used for communication between the sending device and the receiving device, and for a signal transmitted by the same antenna port, the receiving device may consider that the signal is transmitted from the same physical antenna when receiving the signal.

Usually, one antenna port corresponds to one specific physical antenna, but in practical system implementation, one antenna port may also correspond to a plurality of different physical antennas having the same transmission characteristics, such as: the antenna patterns of these physical antennas are the same, such as: the physical distance between these physical antennas is very close. In summary, these different physical antenna-to-receiving device communication links of the transmitting device may be considered to be the same physical antenna-to-receiving device communication link on the receiving device side.

The LTE system supports two duplex modes, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD). For an LTE system adopting an FDD duplex mode, referred to as an FDD LTE system for short, downlink transmission and uplink transmission use different carriers. For a TDD duplex LTE system, referred to as a TDD LTE system for short, uplink transmission and downlink transmission use different times of the same carrier, and specifically include a downlink subframe, an uplink subframe, and a special subframe on one carrier.

The special subframe includes three parts, namely a Downlink Pilot Time Slot (DwPTS), a Guard Time (GP) and an Uplink Pilot Time Slot (UpPTS), wherein the GP is mainly used for compensating for the conversion Time and the propagation delay of a device from Downlink to Uplink. In addition, downlink data can be transmitted in DwPTS, but PUSCH cannot be transmitted in UpPTS, so from this viewpoint, the special subframe can be regarded as a downlink subframe.

In this application, the relevant symbols refer to each time domain symbol in a specific Carrier modulation mode, in this embodiment of the present invention, a symbol may be an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDMA) symbol, or a symbol in another multiple access mode.

Second, PRB, interval and symbol length of subcarrier

In the LTE system, when data transmission is performed, PRB is formed by uplink and downlink time-frequency resources, and scheduling and allocation are performed as physical resource units. In current LTE systems, one PRB includes 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. In the current LTE system, the interval between subcarriers is 15kHz, that is, the interval between the center frequency points of two adjacent subcarriers.

Three, reference signal

As described above, the receiving device can perform channel estimation, signal demodulation, AGC, signal quality measurement, positioning, and channel detection, positioning, etc. based on the received reference signal.

However, since data transmission resources are limited, when the data transmission resources are occupied by the reference signal, the data transmission resources cannot be used for transmitting data, which may reduce data transmission efficiency. Therefore, when the wireless communication system is designed, the resources occupied by the reference signals are controlled, and the occupation of the reference signals is reduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the communication quality, so that the expenditure of the reference signals in the system resources is reduced, and the data transmission efficiency is improved.

Taking a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) as an example, in the current LTE system, a receiving device demodulates received data according to the received DMRS. Currently, there are 1 DMRS symbols in every 0.5ms slot, such as the symbol Sym4 in fig. 1, with DMRS occupying consecutive subcarriers in the DMRS symbol. In fig. 1, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) is added in front of each Symbol for removing Inter Symbol Interference (ISI). Sym0 to Sym6 indicate symbols 0 to 6 in one slot, where shaded Sym4 indicates symbols used as DMRS.

Reference signals specified by current protocols, such as the DMRS shown in fig. 1, cannot meet the requirements for normal communication between a transmitting device and a receiving device in some wireless communication scenarios.

Such as: in a scenario of high-speed movement of a communication device, a relative movement speed between a transmitting device and a receiving device is large, and fast channel fading is severe, whereas in fig. 1, only 1 DMRS symbol exists in each 0.5ms time slot, and the receiving device cannot acquire more reference signals in a unit time to perform accurate channel estimation. Due to the fact that the density of the DMRS symbols on the time domain is not large enough, the channel estimation result of the receiving equipment under the high-speed mobile scene is inaccurate.

Therefore, in the present application, the reference signals specified by the current protocol are redesigned, such as: the time domain density can be increased by referring to the reference signals shown in fig. 8A to 8P and fig. 9A to 9D to meet the requirement of channel estimation in a high-speed moving scene.

These reference signals may be referred to as "enhanced reference signals", or as "first-class reference signals"; the reference signals defined by the current protocol are called "normal reference signals" or "reference signals of the second type". These reference signals occupy a larger number of symbols in one subframe than the reference signals specified by the current protocol.

Alternatively, in the frequency domain, the reference signals may occupy contiguous or non-contiguous subcarriers, and if non-contiguous subcarriers are occupied, other subcarriers not occupied by the reference signals may be used for transmitting data, thereby ensuring data transmission efficiency.

Further, when there is a large frequency deviation between communication devices, the receiving device needs to accurately estimate the frequency deviation value for correct reception, and the receiving device cannot accurately estimate the large frequency deviation value using a reference signal such as that shown in fig. 1.

Therefore, in the present application, the first type of reference signal may further satisfy: the reference signal occupies at least four symbols in one subframe, and at least two symbols exist in the four symbols, and the inter-symbol interval of the two symbols is not more than two symbols, so that the requirement that the receiving equipment accurately estimates a large frequency deviation value is met.

In the present application, the reference signal may be various reference signals such as DMRS.

Four, CP

In the current LTE system, there are two types of CP, and there are three values for CP length.

CP types are classified into normal (normal) CP and extended (extended) CP.

Taking the system bandwidth of 20MHz as an example, when the normal CP is adopted, the number of samples occupied by the 1 st symbol of each timeslot, such as Sym0 in fig. 1, is 160, the corresponding occupied duration is about 5.2 microseconds, the number of samples occupied by other symbols in the 1ms subframe is 144, and the corresponding occupied duration is about 4.7 microseconds. When the normal CP is adopted, in the current LTE system, there are 14 symbols in a subframe. When the extended CP is adopted, the CP length of each symbol is the same as 512 sampling points, and the corresponding occupied time length is about 16.7 microseconds. In the current LTE system, there are 12 symbols in a subframe of one extended CP.

Fifthly, the relationship between the interval between the symbols where the reference signals are positioned and the frequency deviation value which can be estimated by the receiving equipment

Through a large number of simulations and experiments, it is found that the larger the interval between two symbols containing a reference signal is, the smaller the frequency deviation value that can be accurately estimated by a receiving device of the reference signal is.

Such as: in the existing LTE system based on multicarrier modulation, if the subcarrier spacing on each symbol is Δ f and two symbols containing reference signals are adjacent to each other, the frequency deviation value that can be estimated by the receiving device from the reference signals in the two adjacent symbols is Δ f at most;

if the interval between two symbols containing the reference signal is 2 symbols (two symbols are one and only one), the frequency deviation value that can be estimated by the receiving device according to the reference signal in the two symbols is maximum Δ f/2;

if the interval between two symbols containing the reference signal is 3 symbols (two symbols in between and only two symbols), the frequency offset value that can be estimated by the receiving apparatus from the reference signal of the two symbols is a maximum Δ f/3.

Such as: if Δ f is 15kHz, the frequency offset value is 7k, and the frequency offset value cannot be estimated for symbols having an interval of 3 or more between two symbols including the reference signal. When the interval between two symbols including the reference signal is 3 symbols, only a frequency deviation of 5kHz can be estimated, and the larger the interval, the smaller the value of the frequency deviation can be estimated.

Sixth, PAPR

The PAPR of the reference signal is higher than the data, so at the sending device side, if the transmission power of the transmitter enters the saturation region, the power amplification efficiency of the radio frequency device is affected due to the higher PAPR value generated by the reference signal, which results in the actual effective transmission power of the reference signal being reduced, and then the data transmission power is higher than the actual effective transmission power of the reference signal after passing through the radio frequency device.

Referring to fig. 2, the saturation values of signal a and signal B are the same, such as Pmax, and when the transmission powers of signal a and signal B are Pmax, because the PAPR of signal B is higher, this higher PAPR value corresponds to the power reduction value of P _ down dB. The significance is as follows: if the transmission power of the signal A and the transmission power of the signal B are completely the same and reach the saturation value, the transmission power values of the first signal B and the second signal B are both Pmax. But the actual effective transmission power value of the first transmission signal is Pmax, and the effective transmission power value of the signal B is Pmax-P _ down because of the influence of PAPR.

That is to say:

if Pt1< ═ Pmax-P _ down and Pt2< ═ Pmax-P _ down, the Pt1 ═ Pt2 do not have the deviation value of the emission power, and Pt1 and Pt2 are the emission power value of the signal A and the emission power value of the signal B respectively;

if Pmax-P _ down < Pt1< Pmax, Pmax-P _ down < Pt2< Pmax, the transmission power of the signal B is Pmax, the effective transmission power is Pmax-P _ down, the transmission power value of the signal A is Pt1, and the transmission power deviation between the signal A and the signal B is Pt1-Pmax + P _ down, which is a value related to the transmission power.

If Pt1> Pmax and Pt2> Pmax, the deviation value between the transmission power value of signal a and the transmission power value of signal B is a fixed value P _ down.

The receiving device does not know whether the transmitting device's transmit power enters the saturation region and, if so, when. When Amplitude Modulation is used for the transmitted data, such as 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM, etc., an error occurs when the receiving device demodulates the data, because an unknown Amplitude value is multiplied by the last estimated constellation point, and this value will "stretch" or "compress" the constellation. Taking 16QAM as an example, if a signal is compressed, the receiving device may not be able to identify the positions of 16 possible constellation points corresponding to different amplitude values after being compressed, thereby generating demodulation errors.

The specific analysis is as follows:

if the transmitting power of the transmitter of the transmitting device enters a saturation region, the transmitting power is smaller than the data transmitting power by delta dB due to the larger PAPR of the reference signal.

Assuming that the reference signal sent by the transmitter of the sending device is Xs, and the frequency domain channel response passing through the channel is H, the reference signal received by the receiver of the receiving device can be represented as:

Ys＝As*H*Xs；

wherein As is sqrt (Ps), i.e. the evolution of the reference signal transmission power value Ps;

the receiving device can obtain a channel estimation value of Hest As H through channel estimation;

assuming that the channel characteristics of the channel transmitting the reference signal are the same as the channel transmitting the data, the data received by the receiving device is:

Yd＝Ad*H*Xd；

xd is a signal of data sent by a transmitter of the sending device, and Ad ═ sqrt (Pd) is an evolution of a transmission power value Pd of the data;

by equalization at the receiver of the receiving device, the estimated value of the data can be obtained as:

xest (Ad H/Hest) Xd (Ad/As) Xd (a Xd) (formula 1)

Pd and Ps are effective transmission powers of transmission signals corresponding to power transmitted by a transmitter of the transmitting device on an air interface after passing through a Radio Frequency (RF) device, where a is Ad/As, and a is 10 (Δ/20).

Thus, there is a fixed ratio between the amplitude of the data estimated by the receiving device and the data actually transmitted by the transmitting device.

For example, Δ is 3dB, i.e. corresponding to a being sqrt (2) being 1.4, i.e. the transmission power of the reference signal is half of the transmission power of the data, and the amplitude of the reference signal is 0.71 times the amplitude of the data.

If the value a is unknown to the receiving device, the receiving device will experience demodulation and decoding errors when the data is modulated with amplitude, such as ASK, QAM, etc.

Sixth, architecture, terminal and access network equipment of wireless communication system suitable for the application

The present application may be applied to the architecture of the wireless communication system of the terminal device-access network device shown in fig. 3A, where the reference signal may be sent by the terminal device and received by the access network device; the terminal can also send and receive the message by the access network equipment.

The present application is also applicable to the architecture of the terminal-to-terminal wireless communication system shown in fig. 3B, such as: in a Device-to-Device (D2D) system, one terminal Device transmits a reference signal, and the other terminal devices receive the reference signal, perform channel estimation based on the received reference signal, and the like.

The present application can also be used in the car networking system shown in fig. 3C, wherein the transmission manner of the reference signal between the terminal devices is similar to the transmission manner in the D2D system, and is not described herein again. The reference signal may also be transmitted between a Road Side Unit (RSU) and a terminal device, for example: RSU sends reference signal, terminal equipment receives reference signal, or terminal equipment sends reference signal, RSU receives reference signal; in addition, reference signals may also be transmitted between the RSU and the base station, such as: the RSU transmits the reference signal, the base station receives the reference signal, or the base station transmits the reference signal and the RSU receives the reference signal. Here, the RSU and the base station can be regarded as access network devices, and the RSU can also be regarded as a terminal device.

When the application is applied to the car networking system, the terminal device may be a vehicle-mounted device, the RSU may communicate with the vehicle-mounted device and/or a base station, and the base station may communicate with the vehicle-mounted device and/or the RSU. The vehicle-mounted equipment moves with the vehicle at high speed, and has larger relative movement speed when the two vehicle-mounted equipment move relatively. The communication among the vehicle-mounted device, the RSU, and the base station may use the spectrum of a cellular link, and may also use the smart traffic spectrum around 5.9 GHz.

FIG. 4 illustrates a vehicle networking system including a synchronization source. As shown in fig. 4, the car networking system includes:

a plurality of vehicle-mounted devices (terminal device 1, terminal device 2, terminal device 3 and terminal device 4), wherein the vehicle-mounted devices can communicate with each other or communicate with each other between a vehicle and a person;

a plurality of base stations (base station 1 and base station 2);

multiple satellite synchronization sources, such as: a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) includes a satellite synchronization source 1 and a satellite synchronization source 2, and a plurality of satellite synchronization sources may be satellites in different countries and different standards.

In the car networking system shown in fig. 4, the terminal device 1, the terminal device 2, the terminal device 3, and the terminal device 4 may synchronize to different types of synchronization sources, which include: base station, GNSS, synchronization source equivalent to GNSS. If different terminal equipments are synchronized to different synchronization sources, such as different base stations, and the base stations are synchronized to different synchronization sources, a large frequency offset value may exist between the terminal equipments. Such as: the terminal device 1 is synchronized to the base station 1, the terminal device 2 is synchronized to the base station 2, and the base station 1 and the base station 2 are not synchronized, so that the frequency deviation value of the direct communication between the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 can reach 7kHz at the maximum.

Further, a terminal device in the present application may be a wireless terminal, which may refer to a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device having wireless connection capability, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem. Wireless terminals, which may be mobile terminals such as mobile telephones (or "cellular" telephones) and computers having mobile terminals, such as portable, pocket, hand-held, computer-included, or vehicle-mounted mobile devices, may communicate with one or more core networks via a Radio Access Network (e.g., RAN). For example, Personal Communication Service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), and the like. A wireless Terminal may also be referred to as a system, a Subscriber Unit (Subscriber Unit), a Subscriber Station (Subscriber Station), a Mobile Station (Mobile), a Remote Station (Remote Station), an Access point (Access point), a Remote Terminal (Remote Terminal), an Access Terminal (Access Terminal), a User Terminal (User Terminal), a User Agent (User Agent), a User Device (User Device), or a User equipment (User equipment).

The access network equipment provided by the application can comprise a base station, or a wireless resource management device for controlling the base station, or comprise the base station and the wireless resource management device for controlling the base station; the access network device may be a macro station or a small station, and may also be the RSU described above.

Seventh, communication system of wireless communication system suitable for this application

The communication systems of various wireless communication systems provided by the present application include, but are not limited to: global System of Mobile communication (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) IS-95, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 2000, Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Time Division Duplex-Long Term Evolution (TDD LTE), frequency division duplex-Long Term Evolution (FDD LTE), Long Term Evolution-enhanced (Long Term Evolution-Advanced, LTE-Advanced), Personal Handy-phone system (PHS), Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) specified by 802.11 series protocols, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), and various Wireless communication systems for future Evolution.

In fact, any wireless communication system that transmits a reference signal to enable a receiving device to correctly receive data may employ the reference signal transmission scheme provided herein.

Eight, other descriptions

Additionally, the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably herein. The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

While the basic concepts related to the present application have been described above, table 1 below lists various embodiments of the present application and the related drawings for ease of understanding.

TABLE 1

[ EXAMPLES one ]

As shown in fig. 5, a wireless communication system according to a first embodiment includes: for the sake of simplicity of description, the transmission device 501 of the reference signal and the reception device 502 of the reference signal will be referred to as "transmission device 501" and the reception device 502 of the reference signal will be referred to as "reception device 502" hereinafter.

The sending device 501 is configured to determine a reference signal and send the determined reference signal;

the receiving device 502 is configured to receive a reference signal and process the received reference signal, such as: and performing channel estimation, signal demodulation, AGC, wireless measurement, channel detection and the like according to the received reference signal.

Fig. 6 shows an alternative process for the transmitting device 501 to generate and transmit a reference signal.

As shown in fig. 6, the process may include the steps of:

s601: the transmitting device 501 generates a reference signal sequence;

s602: the sending device 501 generates data symbols to be sent, where the data symbols are constellation symbols generated after the coded data packet to be sent is modulated;

s603: the transmitting device 501 determines to map the reference signal sequence onto the physical resource;

s604: the sending device 501 maps the reference signal and the generated data to be sent to parameters of physical resources according to the reference signal sequence, and then performs operations such as multi-carrier modulation and guard interval increase to form a data subframe to be sent;

s605: the transmitting device 501 transmits the formed data sub-frame.

Fig. 7 shows an alternative process for receiving a reference signal by the receiving device 502.

As shown in fig. 7, the process may include the steps of:

s711: the receiving device 502 generates a local reference signal sequence;

s712: the receiving device 502 determines a mapping mode parameter used when mapping the reference signal sequence to the physical resource;

s713: the receiving device 502 performs signal processing on the received reference signal according to the local reference signal sequence generated by the determined mapping manner.

There are many ways of signal processing, including: the method comprises the steps of performing channel estimation on a received reference signal to obtain channel quality information in a bandwidth where the reference signal is located, and/or performing data detection on the received reference signal and data to be received to obtain the data to be received.

In the present application, the reference signal may be any one of the aforementioned reference signals used for channel estimation, signal demodulation, Automatic Gain Control (AGC), signal quality measurement, positioning, channel detection, positioning, and the like. Such as: DMRS, reference signals for AGC, etc.

In this application, a reference signal sequence is used to generate a reference signal in one subframe, and one symbol in the sequence corresponds to one subcarrier in one symbol occupied by the reference signal in one subframe.

The reference signal transmission scheme and the reference signal reception scheme in the first embodiment are applicable to the following embodiments.

In the above, the reference signal transmission and reception scheme provided in the present application is introduced by the first embodiment. Next, various alternative implementations of mapping reference signals to subframes in the present application are introduced through the second embodiment and the third embodiment. Wherein, the second embodiment provides an optional mapping manner for mapping the reference signal to the non-synchronous subframe, and various optional mapping manners can refer to fig. 8A to 8P; the third embodiment provides an optional mapping manner for mapping the reference signal to the synchronization subframe, and various optional mapping manners can refer to fig. 9A to 9D.

The sending device 501 may map the reference signal into the asynchronous subframe according to one of the various mapping manners provided in the second embodiment or the third embodiment, and the receiving device 502 may obtain the reference signal from the received asynchronous subframe by using the same mapping manner as the sending device 501.

In the second and third embodiments, the reference signal may be the aforementioned first type of reference signal, and may be suitable for a high-speed moving scene and/or a scene with a large frequency deviation value.

Wherein, optionally, in each subframe occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies at least four symbols, and there are two symbols in the at least four symbols, and an inter-symbol interval of the two symbols is not greater than two symbols.

The reference signal occupies at least four symbols in each occupied subframe, so that the receiving equipment of the reference signal can acquire enough reference signal resources to carry out frequency deviation estimation, and can acquire more reference signals in unit time under the conditions that the communication equipment moves at a high speed and the channel fading is severe, and the result of carrying out channel estimation according to the reference signals is more accurate.

Two symbols exist in the at least four symbols, and the inter-symbol interval of the two symbols is not greater than two symbols, so that the larger frequency deviation value can be correctly estimated. The larger the interval between two symbols containing a reference signal, the smaller the frequency offset value that can be accurately estimated by the receiving apparatus of the reference signal.

In a high-speed moving and high-power deviation scene, a reference signal occupies 4 symbols in one subframe, and if a receiving device receives the reference signal by using a linear receiver, the influence of high-speed moving and high-frequency deviation cannot be completely overcome. In this case, the receiving device needs to use a high-performance receiver with high complexity such as decision feedback or iterative equalization to process.

In order to further increase the density of the reference signals in the time domain, more reference signals are provided for channel estimation, and in order to reduce the complexity of the receiver of the receiving device, optionally, in each subframe occupied by the reference signals, the reference signals occupy at least five symbols, and there are two symbols out of the at least five symbols, the inter-symbol interval of the two symbols being not greater than two symbols.

Further, in each slot of one subframe, the reference signal occupies at least two symbols because: if all the reference signals are in one slot in one subframe and no reference signal is in another slot, the channel estimation result of the slot without the reference signal is inaccurate under the condition of high moving speed, and the data demodulation performance is reduced.

Wherein, in each slot of one subframe, the reference signal occupies at least two symbols because: if all the reference signals are in one slot in one subframe and no reference signal is in another slot, the channel estimation result of the slot without the reference signal is inaccurate under the condition of high moving speed, and the data demodulation performance is reduced. This is because: if the channel characteristics do not change much within one subframe under the condition of low-speed movement, the channel characteristics of one slot in one subframe do not differ much from those of another slot. Under the condition of high-speed movement, the channel characteristics of two time slots of a subframe are greatly different, and a reference signal is required in each time slot.

Further, in order to save physical resources occupied by the reference signal and improve data transmission efficiency, in the frequency domain, in each resource unit occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers. In an LTE system, the Resource unit may be a Physical Resource Block (PRB).

The reference signals occupy discontinuous subcarriers, and the total overhead of all the reference signals in one subframe can be ensured to be small. Because the density of the reference signals is increased in the time domain to ensure the estimation performance of the frequency deviation value and support for a high-speed moving scene, the overhead of the reference signals is high if the density is continuous in the frequency domain, and after the density in the time domain is enough to resist large frequency deviation and high moving speed, continuous subcarriers are not necessarily occupied in the frequency domain.

Optionally, in the frequency domain, in each of the resource units occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies at least three subcarriers. Taking PRB as an example, one PRB includes 12 subcarriers, and the reference signal occupies at least 3 subcarriers in the 12 subcarriers.

In the LTE system, the reference signal occupies all subcarriers in 1 symbol in each slot in two slots of one subframe, and occupies 24 subcarriers altogether. The scheme provided by the second embodiment is adopted, such as: in the time domain, a reference signal occupies 4 symbols in one slot; in the frequency domain, the reference signal occupies 3 subcarriers in one PRB, and the total number of subcarriers occupied by the reference signal in one timeslot is 2 × 4 × 3 — 24 subcarriers. For another example: in the time domain, a reference signal occupies 4 symbols in one slot; in the frequency domain, the reference signal occupies 4 subcarriers in one PRB, and the total number of subcarriers occupied by the reference signal in one timeslot is 2 × 4 ═ 32 subcarriers.

Optionally, in the time domain, in each subframe occupied by the reference signal, the number of symbols occupied by the first reference signal is smaller than the number of symbols available for transmitting data in the subframe.

Optionally, in the time domain, the reference signal occupies a plurality of adjacent symbols in each slot in each subframe occupied by the reference signal.

As described above, the larger the interval between two symbols containing the reference signal is, the smaller the frequency offset value that can be accurately estimated by the receiving device of the reference signal is, and therefore, in each slot in each subframe occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of adjacent symbols, and the estimation performance of the receiving device 502 on the frequency offset value of each slot can be ensured.

Further, in each slot in each subframe occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal respectively occupies two groups of symbols, and each group of symbols comprises a plurality of adjacent symbols.

This can ensure the performance of the receiving device 502 in estimating the frequency offset value in each slot. And it can be ensured that there is a maximum frequency offset value in any time slot, and in a scenario where the communication device moves at a high speed, even if the signal-to-noise ratio is low, the communication device can have better performance of channel estimation and frequency offset value estimation, the more symbols the reference signal occupies, the stronger the noise suppression capability of the receiving device 502 in performing channel estimation, and the stronger the estimation capability of the frequency offset value.

Optionally, in each subframe occupied by the reference signal, the last symbol is a null symbol (GAP).

Alternatively, the reference signal is transmitted from the same antenna port, because the receiving device can perform accurate estimation of a larger frequency offset value only when receiving the reference signal from the same antenna port, because: from the receiving device side, the channel characteristics of the signals from different antenna ports may be different, so that the estimation of the frequency offset can only be performed for the reference signal of the same antenna port.

In various embodiments of the present application, including the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the operation principle of the receiving apparatus 502 to estimate the frequency offset value is as follows:

the frequency offset value produces a symbol-position dependent phase offset value on each subcarrier of each symbol, which is the same for one symbol. Taking the case that the positions of the subcarriers occupied by the reference signal on different symbols are the same as an example, as shown in fig. 8D, the reference signal occupies

subcarriers

1, 5, and 9 on symbol 0 (the subcarrier numbers are from bottom to top, and start from 0), and the reference signal also occupies

subcarriers

1, 5, and 9 on symbol 1. After conjugate multiplication is performed on the reference signals on the subcarriers on the symbol 0 and the reference signals on the corresponding subcarrier positions on the symbol 1, filtering results obtained by the conjugate multiplication, namely the phase offset value can be estimated, and then the frequency offset value is estimated according to the phase offset value.

Further, during estimation, the estimation accuracy is affected by interference and thermal noise, so that the accuracy of the frequency offset value estimated from the reference signal can be ensured when more time-domain reference signal symbols exist or subcarriers of the reference signal with certain data are ensured in the frequency domain.

Next, various alternative mapping manners for mapping the reference signal to the non-synchronized subframe provided in the second embodiment are specifically described.

[ example two ]

Next, referring to fig. 8A to 8P, various alternative reference signal mapping methods of the second embodiment are illustrated.

Mapping mode one

In the mapping mode, no GAP exists in the subframe occupied by the reference signal, the CP is a normal CP, the reference signal occupies 8 symbols in one subframe in the time domain, and the reference signal occupies 4 symbols in each slot in two slots of the subframe occupied by the reference signal.

Fig. 8A shows nine alternative mapping manners of the first mapping manner. In fig. 8A, each row represents an alternative mapping. Wherein the numbers 0-6 represent symbols numbered 0-6 in a time slot. The underlined symbols are the symbols occupied by the reference signal, and the others are data symbols, excluding the reference signal.

The mapping manners of the reference signals of the first slot and the second slot of one subframe may be the same or different, and the mapping manners shown in any row in fig. 8A may be adopted for the reference signals of the first slot and the second slot.

As described above, in the second embodiment, in the frequency domain, the reference signal may occupy discontinuous multiple subcarriers or occupy only one subcarrier in each resource unit occupied by the reference signal. Several optional frequency domain mapping manners are listed below, and these optional frequency domain mapping manners are applicable not only to the first mapping manner, but also to other mapping manners of the second embodiment.

1. Frequency domain mapping mode one

Taking the time domain mapping manner of the first row shown in fig. 8A as an example, the reference signals respectively occupy

symbols

0, 1, 4, and 5 in two slots of one subframe, and occupy 8 symbols in one subframe.

The frequency domain mapping is shown in fig. 8B, where the numbers in the bottom row represent the symbol numbers. Fig. 8B shows a frequency-domain mapping method, where the subframe has a normal CP, and one resource unit PRB in the frequency domain includes 12 subcarriers. In the direction of the frequency domain, 4 subcarriers of the reference signal are placed at equal intervals in each PRB, and on different symbols occupied by the reference signal, the subcarriers occupied by the reference signal are located at the same position in the frequency domain.

2. Frequency domain mapping method two

Alternatively, the positions of the subcarriers occupied by the reference signal in the frequency domain may be staggered, as shown in fig. 8C below.

3. Frequency domain mapping mode three

Fig. 8D shows a frequency domain mapping manner in which the reference signal occupies 3 subcarriers on each PRB, and the subcarriers occupied by the reference signal have the same position in the frequency domain on different symbols occupied by the reference signal.

4. Frequency domain mapping mode four

Fig. 8E also shows a frequency-domain mapping mode in which the reference signal occupies 3 subcarriers per PRB, but unlike the frequency-domain mapping mode three, the positions of the subcarriers occupied by the reference signal in the frequency domain may appear in a staggered manner.

As described above, the above-mentioned alternative frequency domain mapping method can be applied not only to the first mapping method, but also to other mapping methods in the second embodiment. The time domain mapping mode and the frequency domain mapping mode of the reference signal are not bound, and can be combined with each other. In the following, for simplicity of description, various time domain mapping manners of the reference signal in one subframe under different situations are given.

Mapping method two

In the second mapping mode, there is a GAP in the subframe occupied by the reference signal, the CP is a normal CP, in the time domain, the reference signal occupies 8 symbols in one subframe, and in two time slots of the subframe occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies 4 symbols in each time slot.

Optionally, the GAP is located in the last symbol of a subframe and does not send any information. As shown in fig. 8F, the last symbol in the subframe is symbol 6, GAP.

Several alternative mapping schemes to the second mapping scheme may be as shown in fig. 8F.

Mapping method three

In the third mapping mode, the subframe occupied by the reference signal has no GAP, the CP is a normal CP, in the time domain, the reference signal occupies 6 symbols in one subframe, and in two time slots of the subframe occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies 3 symbols in each time slot.

The mapping manners of the reference signals of the first slot and the second slot of one subframe may be the same or different, and the mapping manners shown in any row in fig. 8G may be adopted for the reference signals of the first slot and the second slot.

Mapping mode four

In the fourth mapping mode, there is a GAP in the subframe occupied by the reference signal, the CP is a normal CP, in the time domain, the reference signal occupies 6 symbols in one subframe, and in two time slots of the subframe occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies 3 symbols in each time slot.

Optionally, the GAP is located in the last symbol of a subframe and does not send any information. As shown in fig. 8H, the last symbol in the subframe is symbol 6, GAP.

Several alternative mapping schemes to the fourth mapping scheme may be as shown in fig. 8H.

Mapping mode five

In the fifth mapping mode, the CP is a normal CP, and in a subframe occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies 4 symbols in the first time slot, and the mapping can be performed according to the mapping mode of the reference signal in the first time slot when the reference signal of the subframe occupies 8 symbols; in the second slot, the reference signal occupies 3 symbols, and the mapping can be performed according to the mapping mode of the reference signal in the second slot when the reference signal of one subframe occupies 6 symbols. When there is no GAP in the symbols occupied by the reference signal, several examples of the optional mapping method may be shown in fig. 8I, and when there is a GAP in the symbols occupied by the reference signal, several examples of the optional mapping method may be shown in fig. 8J.

Alternatively, in the first slot, the reference signal occupies 3 symbols, and in the second slot, the reference signal occupies 4 symbols. Various combinations are possible and are not limited herein.

Mapping mode six

In the sixth mapping mode, the CP is an extended CP, and in one subframe occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies 7 symbols. In the first slot, the reference signal occupies 4 symbols, and fig. 8K shows several examples of mapping manners; in the second slot, the reference signal occupies 3 symbols, and fig. 8L shows several examples of mapping schemes.

Seven mapping modes

In the seventh mapping mode, there is a GAP in a subframe occupied by the reference signal, the CP is an extended CP, and the reference signal occupies 7 symbols in one subframe occupied by the reference signal. In the first slot of the subframe, the reference signal may adopt any one of the mapping manners shown in fig. 8K, and in the second slot of the subframe, the reference signal may adopt any one of the mapping manners shown in fig. 8M.

Mapping method eight

In the eighth mapping mode, there is no GAP in the subframe occupied by the reference signal, the CP is an extended CP, and the reference signal occupies 6 symbols in one subframe occupied by the reference signal, wherein the reference signal occupies 3 symbols in each of the first and second time slots of the subframe, and any one of the mapping modes shown in fig. 8L can be adopted for the reference signal in the first and second time slots.

Nine mapping modes

In the ninth mapping mode, the last symbol in the subframe occupied by the reference signal is a GAP, no information is sent, the CP is an extended CP, and the reference signal occupies 6 symbols in one subframe occupied by the reference signal. In the first time slot, the reference signal may adopt any one of the mapping manners shown in fig. 8L, and in the second time slot, the reference signal may adopt any one of the mapping manners shown in fig. 8M.

Ten mapping modes

In the tenth mapping mode, there is no GAP in the subframe occupied by the reference signal, the CP is an extended CP, and the reference signal occupies 5 symbols in one subframe occupied by the reference signal. In the first slot of the subframe, the reference signal occupies 3 symbols, and in the second slot, the reference signal occupies 2 symbols.

The mapping manner of the reference signal in the first time slot may be as shown in fig. 8N, and the mapping manner in the second time slot may be as shown in fig. 8O.

Mapping mode eleven

In the tenth mapping mode, the last symbol in the subframe occupied by the reference signal is GAP, CP is extended CP, and the reference signal occupies 5 symbols in one subframe occupied by the reference signal. In the first slot of the subframe, the reference signal occupies 3 symbols, and in the second slot, the reference signal occupies 2 symbols.

The mapping manner of the reference signal in the first slot of one subframe may be the same as the mapping manner of the first slot in the tenth mapping manner, as shown in fig. 8N, and the mapping manner in the second slot may be as shown in fig. 8P.

In fig. 8F to 8P, each row represents an alternative mapping method. Wherein the numbers 0-6 represent symbols numbered 0-6 in a time slot. The underlined symbols are the symbols occupied by the reference signal, and the others are data symbols, excluding the reference signal.

Next, various alternative mapping manners for mapping the reference signal to the synchronization subframe provided in the third embodiment are specifically described.

[ EXAMPLE III ]

In the third embodiment, the reference signal is mapped into the synchronization subframe. The synchronization subframe includes a synchronization signal used for synchronization between communication devices.

Here, the synchronization subframe is exemplified by a synchronization subframe in the current D2D system. Wherein PD2DSS is PD2DSS, SD2DSS is SD2DSS, and the last symbol in the subframe may be GAP, or GAP may not be included in the subframe. The reference signal is exemplified by DMRS.

Fig. 9A shows a mapping manner of a current DMRS in a synchronization subframe of a D2D system. Where DMRS occupies symbols 3 of the first and second slots, respectively. The symbol between the symbols occupied by the two DMRSs and the symbol 0 of the first slot are used to transmit the PSBCH signal. The time-frequency resources shown in fig. 9A occupy 1ms subframes in the time domain and 6 PRBs in the frequency domain.

As described above, in order to adapt to a high-speed moving scene and/or a scene with a large frequency deviation, in order for a receiving apparatus to accurately perform channel estimation and/or frequency offset estimation, the density of reference signals is increased in the time domain, and positions between the reference signals are set, and optionally, non-continuously mapped in the frequency domain to reduce the overhead of the reference signals in the whole subframe.

The following describes how to map the reference signal in the synchronization subframe with reference to fig. 9B to 9D to achieve the above-mentioned purpose. The reference signal can be determined as a first type of reference signal, and the first type of reference signal is adopted to achieve the purpose.

Alternatively, the reference signal may occupy 7 symbols in the synchronization subframe, wherein 4 symbols are occupied in the first slot, as shown in fig. 8B, wherein P denotes a PD2 DSS; the second slot occupies 3 symbols, the mapping mode when there is no GAP in the synchronization subframe is shown in fig. 8C, the mapping mode when the last symbol in the synchronization subframe is GAP is shown in fig. 8D, and in fig. 8C and 8D, S represents SD2 DSS.

Alternatively, the reference signal may occupy 6 symbols in the synchronization subframe, wherein 3 symbols are occupied in the first and second slots, respectively, or 4 symbols are occupied in the first slot and 2 symbols are occupied in the second slot.

Alternatively, the reference signal may also occupy 5 symbols in the synchronization subframe, wherein 3 symbols are occupied in the first slot and 2 symbols are occupied in the second slot.

In the second and third embodiments, when the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe is extended to at least 5, the reference signal is mapped in a discontinuous manner in the frequency domain, so that the overhead of the reference signal is substantially the same as that of the reference signal in the current LTE protocol, that is, no additional system overhead is added, and the time domain density of the reference signal is improved, thereby improving the support capability for high-speed movement and high-frequency deviation scenes.

In the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the first type of reference signal is transmitted to adapt to high-speed movement, high frequency deviation and other scenes. The power adjustment scheme provided by the present application is introduced below through the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment, and the following problems can be solved through the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment:

since the PAPR of the reference signal is higher than that of the data, when the transmission power of the transmitter of the transmitting device enters a saturation region, the transmission power of the reference signal and the transmission power of the data are deviated, and when amplitude modulation is applied to the data, an error may occur in the receiver when demodulating the data.

In the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment, the process of transmitting the reference signal by the transmitting device 501 and the process of receiving the reference signal by the receiving device 502 refer to the first embodiment, wherein the fourth embodiment adds a step of indicating the power from the transmitting device 501 to the receiving device 502 on the basis of the first embodiment; fifth embodiment on the basis of the first embodiment, the transmitting device 501 performs power adjustment before transmitting the reference signal.

When adapting to a high-speed moving and/or large frequency deviation scenario, the fourth and fifth embodiments may also combine the mapping schemes of the reference signals provided in the second and third embodiments to improve the correctness of the channel estimation and the frequency offset estimation performed by the receiving device 502.

The following description will discuss example four and example acanthopanax with reference to the drawings.

[ EXAMPLE IV ]

In the fourth embodiment, the sending device 501 needs to send the reference signal and the data to the receiving device 502, and also needs to send the power indication information, the receiving device 502 determines whether a power deviation exists between the transmission powers of the data and the reference signal according to the received power indication information, determines a power deviation value if the power deviation exists, and demodulates the data according to the determined power deviation value.

In the fourth embodiment, two signals are involved: a first signal and a second signal.

The first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol which does not comprise a reference signal, the second signal is a symbol which comprises the reference signal in a subframe where the first signal is located, and the symbols only carry the reference signal or carry the reference signal and the data; or

The first signal is used to carry data in a symbol that includes a reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol.

In the fourth embodiment, two transmission power values are involved: the first transmission power value is the transmission power value of the first signal, and the second transmission power value is the transmission power value of the second signal. When the first transmission power value is larger than the transmission power threshold value, a power deviation value exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value, and the first transmission power value is smaller than the second transmission power value.

The fourth embodiment relates to a transmission power threshold, which is used to determine whether the power offset value exists.

In a fourth embodiment, the first power indication information is related to, and the first power indication information is used to indicate:

the first transmit power value is greater than a transmit power threshold; or

A power offset value between the first transmit power value and a second transmit power value of the second signal; or

A power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; or

A first transmit power value;

optionally, second power indication information may be involved, the second power indication information indicating that:

the first transmit power value is not greater than a transmit power threshold; or

No power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; or

The first transmit power value.

Optionally, the first power indication information is used to indicate that a power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value, and the second power indication information is used to indicate that no power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value, when the specific implementation is implemented, it may be indicated whether a power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value through 1bit information, if the 1bit information is "0", it indicates that no power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value, and if the 1bit information is "1", it indicates that a power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value.

Fig. 10 shows a flowchart of an interaction flow between the sending device 501 and the receiving device 502 in the fourth embodiment, where the flow includes the following steps:

s1001: the transmission device 501 of the first signal acquires a first transmission power value Ptx;

s1002: judging whether the first transmission power value is larger than a transmission power threshold value Ptx _ th-delta, if so, executing step S1003, and if not, optionally executing step S1006;

in the determination, Ptx + Δ may be compared with Ptx _ th, and if (Ptx + Δ) > Ptx _ th, the first transmit power is greater than the transmit power threshold. Here, Δ is a preset parameter for determining a power offset value between the reference signal and the data due to the PAPR problem; ptx _ th, which is a predefined parameter, is used to determine whether the transmission power of the transmitter enters the threshold value of the saturation region. For example, the saturation power of the transmitting device 501 is 23dBm, and Δ is 2 dB. Then the transmitted power of the reference signal is saturated if Ptx >21 dBm. The corresponding physical meaning is that the transmission power at the reference signal is actually Ptx- Δ, while the transmission power of the data is Ptx. And, the value of further Δ is related to the following factors:

1. the modulation method of the data of the subframe in which the reference signal is located includes: quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 16QAM, 64QAM, etc.

2. The multi-carrier method of data in the subframe where the reference signal is located includes: single carrier-Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM), OFDM, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and the like;

3. a system bandwidth; such as: 1.4MHz, 3MHz, 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz, etc.;

4. the bandwidth occupied by data in the subframe where the reference signal is located, for example: 1.4MHz, 3MHz, 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz, etc.;

5. the mapping manner of the reference signal to the physical resource, for example: the different types of the reference signals are divided according to different mapping manners, and then the value of Δ may also be determined according to the types of the reference signals.

S1003: the transmitting device 501 transmits first power indication information to the receiving device 502 of the first signal;

s1004: after receiving the first power indication information, the receiving device 502 determines that a power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value of the second signal;

s1005: the receiving device 502 determines a power deviation value, demodulates data in the first signal or data in a subframe where the first signal is located according to the determined power deviation value, and removes an amplitude value corresponding to the power deviation value from the estimated data symbol according to the formula 1, so as to correctly demodulate the data;

s1006: the transmitting device 501 transmits the second power indication information to the receiving device 502;

s1007: after receiving the second power indication information, the receiving device 502 determines that there is no power offset between the first transmit power value and the second transmit power value of the second signal.

If the first power indication information is used to indicate a power offset value, the sending apparatus 501 may determine the power offset value Δ according to at least one of the following information before executing step S1003:

a mapping mode of mapping the reference signal to the physical resource, a modulation mode of data in a subframe where the reference signal is located, a multi-carrier mode of data in a subframe where the reference signal is located, a system bandwidth and a bandwidth occupied by data in a subframe where the reference signal is located;

the types of the reference signals comprise a first type of reference signals and a second type of reference signals, and the number of symbols occupied by the first type of reference signals in one subframe is more than that occupied by the second type of reference signals in one subframe.

In addition, the receiving apparatus 502 may also determine the power offset value Δ according to at least one of the above information when executing step S1005.

Such as: the transmitting device 501 and the receiving device 502 may determine the power offset value Δ by means of a table lookup. Table 2 shows Δ values when the reference signal is DMRS in different modulation schemes and multicarrier schemes. The basis for comparison in table 2 below is that SC-FDM modulation is used for data transmission, and there is no reference signal in each frequency domain subcarrier of this data symbol.

TABLE 2 Power offset Δ

[ EXAMPLE V ]

In the fifth embodiment, when determining that the transmission power of the data is greater than the transmission power threshold, the sending device 501 performs power adjustment to prevent the transmission power of the transmitter from entering a saturation region.

In the fifth embodiment, two signals are also involved: a first signal and a second signal. The meaning of the first signal and the second signal in the fourth embodiment is the same.

In the fourth embodiment, a first transmission power value and a second transmission power value are involved, where the first transmission power value is a transmission power value of the first signal, and the second transmission power value is a transmission power value of the second signal. When the first transmission power value is larger than the transmission power threshold value, a power deviation value exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value, and the first transmission power value is smaller than the second transmission power value.

The fifth embodiment relates to a transmission power threshold, which is used to determine whether the power offset exists, and the meaning is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

In the fifth embodiment, when the sending device 501 determines that the first transmission power value is greater than the transmission power threshold, the power indication information is not sent to the receiving device 502, but power adjustment of the sending device 501 is performed.

Fig. 11 shows a fifth embodiment, in which the processing flow of the sending device 501 includes the following steps:

s1101: acquiring a first transmission power value;

s1102: judging whether the first transmission power value is greater than a transmission power threshold value, if so, executing a step S1103;

s1103: determining a power adjustment amount;

in the fourth embodiment, the sending apparatus 501 may determine Δ by determining the power deviation value Δ by the sending apparatus 501 or the receiving apparatus 502, and use Δ as the power adjustment amount.

Here, a method for determining the power adjustment amount by the transmitting apparatus 501 will be described by taking an example in which the reference signal mapping scheme corresponds to different types of reference signals. It is assumed that there are two types of reference signals, one is the aforementioned first type of reference signal, and the other is the aforementioned second type of reference signal, and these two types of reference signals have different PAPRs and therefore correspond to different power adjustment amounts. The transmitting device 501 may determine the amount of power adjustment based on whether the reference signal is a first type of reference signal or a second type of reference signal.

S1104: the following power adjustments are made: reducing the transmission power of the first signal by a power adjustment amount, and reducing the transmission power of the second signal by the power adjustment amount (i.e. ensuring that the transmission power of all signals does not enter a saturation region) or keeping the transmission power of the second signal unchanged (only reducing the transmission power of data at the moment, wherein the effective transmission power of the first signal is the same as the effective transmission power of the second signal after entering the saturation region).

In the fourth and fifth embodiments, the power adjustment is performed by the sending device 501, or the existence of the power deviation is indicated to the receiving device 502, so that the receiving device 502 can perform accurate channel estimation according to the reference signal when performing data demodulation, and perform correct demodulation on data according to the obtained accurate channel estimation result, thereby improving the accuracy of data demodulation.

Next, a transmission scheme of the reference signal provided in the sixth embodiment is described. In the sixth embodiment, when the sending device 501 sends the reference signal, different types of reference signals can be used according to different scenarios, so as to achieve the purposes of flexibly using the reference signal, improving the accuracy of channel estimation of the receiving device 502, reducing the overhead of the reference signal, and obtaining greater spectrum efficiency on the premise of ensuring the communication quality.

The scheme provided by the sixth embodiment can be applied to any one of the first to fifth embodiments. In a sixth embodiment, the process of the sending device 501 sending the reference signal can refer to the first embodiment, and the process of the receiving device 502 receiving the reference signal can also refer to the first embodiment.

[ EXAMPLE six ]

Fig. 12 shows an alternative interaction flow between the sending device 501 and the receiving device 502 in the sixth embodiment, where the flow includes the following steps:

s1201: the sending device 501 determines the reference signal to be a first type of reference signal or a second type of reference signal according to the type of the synchronization source to which the sending device synchronizes itself and/or the moving speed of the sending device of the reference signal;

s1202: the transmitting device 501 generates a reference signal;

s1203: the sending device 501 sends out the generated reference signal;

s1204: the receiving device 502 determines the type of the reference signal transmitted by the transmitting device 501;

s1205: the receiving apparatus 502 receives the reference signal according to the determined type of the reference signal;

s1206: the receiving device 502 performs signal processing on the received reference signal.

The sending device 501 may send type indication information indicating a type of the reference signal to the receiving device 502 in advance, and the receiving device 502 determines the type of the reference signal according to the received indication information.

In step S1201, the transmitting apparatus 501 may determine the type of the reference signal as follows:

if the type of the synchronization source to which the sending device 501 synchronizes is a synchronization source of which the synchronization accuracy is lower than the accuracy threshold, or the moving speed of the sending device 501 is higher than the moving speed threshold, determining that the reference signal is a first type of reference signal;

if the type of the synchronization source to which the sending device 501 synchronizes is a synchronization source whose synchronization accuracy is not lower than the accuracy threshold, and the moving speed of the sending device 501 is not higher than the moving speed threshold, the reference signal is determined to be a second type of reference signal.

[ EXAMPLE VII ]

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a first reference signal sending device according to a seventh embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 13, the apparatus includes:

a processing module 1301, configured to generate a reference signal, where the reference signal is a first type of reference signal;

a sending module 1302, configured to send the reference signal generated by the processing module 1301;

in the time domain, in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the first type of reference signal occupies at least five symbols, and two symbols exist in the at least five symbols, and the inter-symbol interval of the two symbols does not exceed two symbols.

Optionally, the first type of reference signal occupies at least two symbols in each slot of the subframe.

Optionally, in the frequency domain, in each resource unit occupied by the first type of reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers.

Optionally, in the frequency domain, the first type of reference signal occupies at least three subcarriers in each resource unit occupied by the first type of reference signal.

Optionally, in the time domain, in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the number of symbols occupied by the first reference signal is smaller than the number of symbols available for transmitting data in the subframe.

Optionally, in the time domain, in each slot in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of adjacent symbols.

Optionally, in each slot in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the first type of reference signal respectively occupies two groups of symbols, and each group of symbols includes a plurality of adjacent symbols.

Optionally, if the subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal is a normal CP subframe, a symbol occupied by the first type of reference signal in one slot of the occupied subframe includes:

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 5, symbol 6;

if the subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal is a normal CP subframe, the symbol occupied by the first type of reference signal in one slot of the occupied subframe includes:

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 5.

Optionally, the subframes occupied by the first type of reference signals include: a synchronous subframe and/or a non-synchronous subframe;

the synchronous sub-frame includes a synchronous signal, and the asynchronous sub-frame does not include a synchronous signal.

Optionally, the sending device and the receiving device of the reference signal are both terminal devices; or

The sending equipment is terminal equipment, and the receiving equipment of the reference signal is network equipment;

the sending equipment is network equipment, and the receiving equipment of the reference signal is terminal equipment; or

The sending equipment and the receiving equipment of the reference signal are both network equipment;

optionally, the network device includes a base station, and the terminal device includes a user equipment UE or a road side unit RSU.

Optionally, in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the last symbol is a null symbol GAP.

Optionally, the first type of reference signal is a reference signal transmitted by the same antenna port.

Optionally, the processing module 1301 is further configured to: prior to the generation of the reference signal(s),

and determining the reference signal as the first type of reference signal according to the type of the synchronization source to which the transmitting equipment of the reference signal synchronizes and/or the moving speed of the transmitting equipment of the reference signal.

Optionally, if the type of the synchronization source to which the sending device of the reference signal synchronizes is a synchronization source whose synchronization accuracy is lower than the accuracy threshold, or the moving speed of the sending device of the reference signal is higher than the moving speed threshold, it is determined that the reference signal is the first type of reference signal.

In the seventh embodiment, the optional process of the apparatus for sending the reference signal to send the reference signal may refer to the sending process shown in fig. 6 in the first embodiment. Various optional implementations of the apparatus for sending a reference signal may refer to the operations of the sending apparatus 501 in the second and third embodiments, where the processing module 1301 may be configured to perform the processing operation of the sending apparatus 501, and the sending module 1302 may be configured to perform the sending operation of the sending apparatus 501.

The processing module 1301 may be implemented by a processor, and the sending module 1302 may be implemented by a transmitter.

[ example eight ]

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second reference signal sending device according to an eighth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 14, the apparatus includes:

a processor 1401 for generating a reference signal, the reference signal being a first type of reference signal;

a transmitter 1402 for transmitting the reference signal generated by the processor 1401;

Various alternative implementations of processor 1401 may refer to processing module 1301, and various alternative implementations of transmitter 1402 may refer to transmitting module 1302, among others.

In the seventh embodiment, the optional process of the apparatus for sending the reference signal to send the reference signal may refer to the sending process shown in fig. 6 in the first embodiment. Various alternative implementations of the reference signal sending device can refer to the operations of the sending device 501 in the second and third embodiments, wherein the processor 1401 can be configured to perform the processing operation of the sending device 501, the transmitter 1402 can be configured to perform the sending operation of the sending device 501, and the reference signal sent by the transmitter 1402 can be transmitted through one or more connected antennas.

[ EXAMPLE ninth ]

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first reference signal receiving device according to a ninth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 15, the apparatus includes:

a receiving module 1501, configured to receive a reference signal;

a processing module 1502, configured to perform signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiving module 1502;

Optionally, in each slot of the sub-frame, the reference signals of the first type occupy at least two symbols,

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 5, symbol 6;

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 5.

Optionally, both the sending device and the receiving device of the reference signal are terminal devices; or

The sending equipment of the reference signal is terminal equipment, and the receiving equipment is network equipment;

the sending equipment of the reference signal is network equipment, and the receiving equipment is terminal equipment; or

Both the sending equipment and the receiving equipment of the reference signal are network equipment;

In a ninth embodiment, an alternative procedure for the receiving device of the reference signal to receive and process the reference signal may refer to the procedure shown in fig. 7 in the first embodiment. Various alternative implementations of the apparatus for receiving the reference signal may refer to the operations of the receiving apparatus 502 in the second embodiment and the third embodiment, wherein the processing module 1502 may be configured to perform the processing operations of the receiving apparatus 502, and the receiving module 1501 may be configured to perform the receiving operations of the receiving apparatus 502.

The processing module 1502 may be implemented by a processor, and the receiving module 1501 may be implemented by a receiver.

[ EXAMPLE eleven ]

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a first reference signal receiving device according to a tenth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 16, the apparatus includes:

a receiver 1601 for receiving a reference signal;

a processor 1602, configured to perform signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiver 1602;

In the tenth embodiment, various alternative implementations of the receiver 1601 may refer to the receiving module 1501, and various alternative implementations of the processor 1602 may refer to the processing module 1502.

In the tenth embodiment, as an alternative process for the receiving device of the reference signal to receive and process the reference signal, the process shown in fig. 7 in the first embodiment may be referred to. Various alternative implementations of the receiving device of the reference signal may refer to the operation of the receiving device 502 in the second and third embodiments, wherein the processor 1602 is configured to perform the processing operation of the receiving device 502, and the receiver 1601 is configured to perform the receiving operation of the receiving device 502.

[ example eleven ]

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a first apparatus for sending power indication information according to an eleventh embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 17, the apparatus includes:

a processing module 1701 for obtaining a first transmit power value of the first signal;

a sending module 1702, configured to send, when the first transmit power value obtained by the processing module 1701 is greater than the transmit power threshold, first power indication information to a receiving apparatus of the first signal, where the first power indication information is used to indicate:

the first transmit power value is greater than a transmit power threshold; or

A first transmit power value;

the first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol which does not comprise a reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol which comprises the reference signal in the subframe in which the first signal is positioned; or

Optionally, the sending module 1702 is further configured to: after the processing module 1701 acquires the first transmission power value of the first signal in the subframe, if the acquired first transmission power value is not greater than the transmission power threshold, sending second power indication information to a receiving device of the first signal, where the second power indication information is used to indicate:

The first transmit power value.

Alternatively, if the first power indication information is used to indicate a power offset value, the processing module 1701 is further configured to: before transmitting the first power indication information to the receiving device of the first signal, the method further comprises: determining a power offset value based on at least one of:

a mapping mode of mapping the reference signal to the physical resource;

a modulation mode of data in a subframe where the reference signal is located;

a system bandwidth;

and the bandwidth occupied by the data in the subframe of the reference signal.

As to various optional implementations of the sending apparatus, reference may be made to the processing of the sending apparatus 501 in the fourth embodiment, where the processing module 1701 is configured to perform processing operations of the sending apparatus 501, and the sending module 1702 is configured to perform sending operations of the sending apparatus 501.

The processing module 1701 may be implemented by a processor, and the sending module 1702 may be implemented by a transmitter.

[ EXAMPLE twelfth ]

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for sending second power indication information according to a twelfth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 18, the transmission apparatus includes:

a processor 1801, configured to obtain a first transmit power value of a first signal;

a transmitter 1802, configured to send, when the first transmission power value obtained by the processor 1801 is greater than the transmission power threshold, first power indication information to a receiving device of the first signal, where the first power indication information is used to indicate:

the first transmit power value is greater than a transmit power threshold; or

A first transmit power value;

Various alternative implementations of processor 1801 may refer to processing module 1701, and various alternative implementations of transmitter 1802 may refer to transmitting module 1702.

For another alternative implementation of the sending device, reference may be made to the processing of the sending device 501 in the fourth embodiment, where the processor 1801 is configured to perform processing operations of the sending device 501, and the transmitter 1802 is configured to perform sending operations of the sending device 501.

The power indication information transmitted by the transmitter 1802 may be transmitted via one or more antennas.

[ EXAMPLE thirteen ]

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving apparatus for first power indication information according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 19, the reception apparatus includes:

a receiving module 1901, configured to receive first power indication information sent by a sending device of a first signal, where the first power indication information is used to indicate: a first transmit power value of the first signal is greater than a transmit power threshold; or a power offset value between the first transmit power value and a second transmit power value of the second signal; or a power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; or a first transmit power value;

a processing module 1902, configured to determine, according to the first power indication information, that a power offset exists between the first transmission power value and a second transmission power value of the second signal;

determining a power deviation value, and demodulating data in the first signal or data in a subframe where the first signal is located according to the determined power deviation value;

the first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol which does not comprise a reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol which comprises the reference signal in a subframe in which the first signal is positioned; or

Optionally, the processing module 1902 is specifically configured to: if the first power indication information is used for indicating the power deviation value, then

Determining a power offset value based on at least one of: the method comprises the following steps of mapping a reference signal onto physical resources, modulating data in a subframe where the reference signal is located, carrying out multi-carrier mode on the data in the subframe where the reference signal is located, and carrying out system bandwidth and bandwidth occupied by the data in the subframe where the reference signal is located.

For various optional implementations of the receiving device, reference may be made to the processing of the receiving device 502 in the fourth embodiment, where the processing module 1902 is configured to perform processing operations of the receiving device 502, and the receiving module 1901 is configured to perform receiving operations of the receiving device 502.

The processing module 1902 may be implemented by a processor, and the receiving module 1901 may be implemented by a receiver.

[ example fourteen ]

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving device for second power indication information according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 20, the reception apparatus includes:

a receiver 2001, configured to receive first power indication information sent by a sending device of the first signal, where the first power indication information is used to indicate: a first transmit power value of the first signal is greater than a transmit power threshold; or a power offset value between the first transmit power value and a second transmit power value of the second signal; or a power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; or a first transmit power value;

a processor 2002 configured to determine that a power offset exists between the first transmission power value and a second transmission power value of the second signal according to the first power indication information;

Optionally, the processor 2002 is specifically configured to: if the first power indication information is used for indicating the power deviation value, then

For various optional implementations of the receiving apparatus, reference may be made to the processing of the receiving apparatus 502 in the fourth embodiment, where the processor 2002 is configured to perform the processing operation of the receiving apparatus 502, and the receiver 2001 is configured to perform the receiving operation of the receiving apparatus 502.

[ example fifteen ]

Fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a first transmission power adjustment device according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 21, the apparatus includes:

a power value obtaining module 2101, configured to obtain a first transmission power value of the first signal;

the first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol which does not comprise a reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol which comprises the reference signal in the subframe in which the first signal is positioned; or the first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol comprising a reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol;

a power adjustment module 2102, configured to perform the following power adjustment when the first transmission power value acquired by the power value acquisition module 2101 is greater than the transmission power threshold: the transmit power of the first signal is reduced by a power adjustment amount and the transmit power of the second signal is reduced by the power adjustment amount or the transmit power of the second signal is kept unchanged.

Optionally, the power adjustment module 2102 is further configured to: determining a power adjustment amount before performing power adjustment according to at least one of the following information:

the method comprises the following steps of mapping a reference signal onto physical resources, modulating data in a subframe where the reference signal is located, carrying out multi-carrier mode on the data in the subframe where the reference signal is located, and carrying out system bandwidth and bandwidth occupied by the data in the subframe where the reference signal is located.

Various optional implementations of the apparatus may refer to the operation of the sending apparatus 501 in the fifth embodiment, where the power value obtaining module 2101 may be configured to perform an operation of determining the signal transmission power of the sending apparatus 501, and the power adjusting module 2102 may be configured to perform an operation of determining a power adjustment amount for the sending apparatus 501 to perform power adjustment.

The operation of the power value obtaining module 2101 and the power adjusting module 2102 may be implemented by a processor, the power adjusting amount determined by the power adjusting module 2102 may be applied to a power amplifier of the apparatus to control the output power of the radio frequency circuit, and a signal output by the radio frequency circuit may be transmitted through one or more antennas.

[ example sixteen ] to

Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a second transmission power adjustment device according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 22, the apparatus includes:

a processor 2201, configured to obtain a first transmit power value of the first signal;

the processor 2201 is further configured to: when the acquired first transmission power value is larger than the transmission power threshold, the following power adjustment is carried out: reducing the transmission power of the first signal by a power adjustment amount, and reducing the transmission power of the second signal by the power adjustment amount or keeping the transmission power of the second signal unchanged;

and a radio frequency circuit 2202 for performing transmission power adjustment according to the power adjustment amount determined by the processor 2201.

Optionally, the processor 2201 is further configured to: determining a power adjustment amount before performing power adjustment according to at least one of the following information:

Various alternative implementations of the apparatus may refer to the operation of the transmitting apparatus 501 in example five. Signals output by the radio frequency circuitry 2202 may be transmitted via one or more antennas.

[ example seventeen ]

Fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a third reference signal transmitting apparatus according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 23, the transmission apparatus includes:

a processing module 2301, configured to determine that a reference signal is a first-class reference signal or a second-class reference signal according to a type of a synchronization source to which a sending device synchronizes and/or a moving speed of the sending device of the reference signal; and generating a reference signal;

a sending module 2302, configured to send the reference signal generated by the processing module 2301;

the number of symbols occupied by the first type of reference signal in a subframe is larger than the number of symbols occupied by the second type of reference signal in a subframe.

Optionally, the processing module 2301 is specifically configured to:

if the type of the synchronization source to which the sending equipment of the reference signal synchronizes is a synchronization source of which the synchronization precision is lower than a precision threshold, or the moving speed of the sending equipment of the reference signal is higher than a moving speed threshold, determining that the reference signal is a first type of reference signal;

and if the type of the synchronization source to which the sending equipment of the reference signal synchronizes is the synchronization source of which the synchronization precision is not lower than the precision threshold and the moving speed of the sending equipment of the reference signal is not higher than the moving speed threshold, determining that the reference signal is the second type of reference signal.

Seventeenth embodiment, an alternative procedure for the sending device of the reference signal to send the reference signal may refer to the sending procedure shown in fig. 6 in the first embodiment. Various alternative implementations of the transmitting apparatus for the reference signal can refer to the operation of the transmitting apparatus 501 in the sixth embodiment, wherein the processing module 2301 can be configured to perform the processing operation of the transmitting apparatus 501, and the transmitting module 2302 can be configured to perform the transmitting operation of the transmitting apparatus 501.

Wherein the processing module 2301 may be implemented by a processor, and the transmitting module 2302 may be implemented by a transmitter.

[ EXAMPLE eighteen ]

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth reference signal transmitting apparatus according to eighteenth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 24, the transmission apparatus includes:

a processor 2401, configured to determine, according to a type of a synchronization source to which a sending device synchronizes and/or a moving speed of the sending device of a reference signal, that the reference signal is a first-type reference signal or a second-type reference signal; and generating a reference signal;

a transmitter 2402, configured to send the reference signal generated by the processor 2401;

Optionally, the processor 2401 is specifically configured to:

Eighteen, as an alternative procedure for the apparatus for transmitting the reference signal to transmit the reference signal, reference may be made to the transmission procedure shown in fig. 6 in the first embodiment. Various alternative implementations of the transmitting device of the reference signal can refer to the operations of the transmitting device 501 in the sixth embodiment, wherein the processor 2401 can be used for performing the processing operation of the transmitting device 501, and the transmitter 2402 can be used for performing the transmitting operation of the transmitting device 501.

The reference signal transmitted by transmitter 2402 may be transmitted via one or more antennas.

[ example nineteen ]

Fig. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a third reference signal receiving device according to an eighteenth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 25, the reception apparatus includes:

a processing module 2501, configured to determine a type of a reference signal sent by a sending device of the reference signal, where the type of the reference signal includes: a first type of reference signal or a second type of reference signal;

a receiving module 2502, configured to receive a reference signal according to the type of the reference signal determined by the processing module 2501;

the processing module 2501 is further configured to: performing signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiving module 2502;

In nineteenth embodiment, an alternative procedure for the receiving device of the reference signal to receive and process the reference signal may refer to the procedure shown in fig. 7 in the first embodiment. Various alternative implementations of the receiving device for the reference signal may refer to the operation of the receiving device 502 in the sixth embodiment, where the processing module 2501 may be configured to perform the processing operation of the receiving device 502, and the receiving module 2502 may be configured to perform the receiving operation of the receiving device 502.

Wherein, the processing module 2501 may be implemented by a processor, and the receiving module 2502 may be implemented by a transmitter.

[ example twenty ]

Fig. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth reference signal receiving device according to an eighteenth embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 26, the reception apparatus includes:

a processor 2601, configured to determine a type of a reference signal transmitted by a transmitting device of the reference signal, where the type of the reference signal includes: a first type of reference signal or a second type of reference signal;

a receiver 2602 for receiving the reference signal according to the type of the reference signal determined by the processor 2601;

the processor 2601 is further configured to: performing signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiver 2602;

In twenty embodiment, the optional process of the receiving device of the reference signal receiving and processing the reference signal may refer to the process shown in fig. 7 in the first embodiment. Various alternative implementations of the receiving device of the reference signal may refer to the operation of the receiving device 502 in the sixth embodiment, wherein the processor 2601 may be configured to perform the processing operation of the receiving device 502, and the receiver 2602 may be configured to perform the receiving operation of the receiving device 502.

The receiver 2602 may receive the reference signal through one or more antennas.

[ example twenty-one ]

Fig. 27 is a flowchart of a first method for sending a reference signal according to twenty-first embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 27, the method includes the steps of:

s2701: generating a reference signal, wherein the reference signal is a first type of reference signal;

s2702: sending out the generated reference signal;

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 5, symbol 6;

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 5.

Optionally, before generating the reference signal, the method further includes:

In this method, as an alternative process for generating and transmitting the reference signal, reference may be made to the transmission process shown in fig. 6 in the first embodiment. Various alternative implementations of the method may refer to the operation of the transmitting device 501 in the second and third embodiments.

[ example twenty two ]

Fig. 28 is a flowchart of a first reference signal receiving method according to twenty-second embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 28, the method includes the steps of:

s2801: receiving a reference signal, wherein the reference signal is a first type of reference signal;

s2802: processing the received reference signal;

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 5, symbol 6;

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 5.

In this method, as an alternative procedure for receiving and processing the reference signal, reference may be made to the procedure shown in fig. 7 in the first embodiment. Various alternative implementations of the method may refer to the operation of the receiving device 502 in the second and third embodiments.

[ example twenty three ]

Fig. 29 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting power indication information according to twenty-three embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 29, the method includes the steps of:

s2901: acquiring a first transmission power value of a first signal;

s2902: if the obtained first transmission power value is greater than the transmission power threshold, sending first power indication information to receiving equipment of the first signal, wherein the first power indication information is used for indicating:

the first transmit power value is greater than a transmit power threshold; or

A first transmit power value;

Optionally, after obtaining the first transmission power value of the first signal in the subframe, the method further includes:

if the obtained first transmission power value is not greater than the transmission power threshold, sending second power indication information to the receiving device of the first signal, wherein the second power indication information is used for indicating:

The first transmit power value.

Optionally, if the first power indication information is used to indicate a power offset value, before sending the first power indication information to the receiving device of the first signal, the method further includes: determining a power offset value based on at least one of:

a mapping mode of mapping the reference signal to the physical resource;

a modulation mode of data in a subframe where the reference signal is located;

a system bandwidth;

and the bandwidth occupied by the data in the subframe of the reference signal.

Various optional implementations of the method may refer to the processing of the transmitting device 501 in the fourth embodiment.

[ example twenty four ]

Fig. 30 is a flowchart of a method for receiving power indication information according to twenty-four embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 30, the method includes the steps of:

s3001: first power indication information sent by a sending device receiving the first signal, wherein the first power indication information is used for indicating that: a first transmit power value of the first signal is greater than a transmit power threshold; or a power offset value between the first transmit power value and a second transmit power value of the second signal; or a power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and the second transmission power value; or a first transmit power value;

s3002: determining that a power deviation exists between the first transmission power value and a second transmission power value of the second signal according to the first power indication information;

s3003: determining a power deviation value, and demodulating data in the first signal or data in a subframe where the first signal is located according to the determined power deviation value;

Optionally, if the first power indication information is used for indicating a power offset value, determining the power offset value includes:

Various alternative implementations of the method may refer to the processing of the receiving device 502 in the fourth embodiment.

[ example twenty five ]

Fig. 31 is a flowchart of a transmit power adjustment method according to twenty-five embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 31, the method includes the steps of:

s3101: acquiring a first transmission power value of a first signal;

The first signal is used for carrying data in a symbol comprising a reference signal, and the second signal is the reference signal in the symbol;

s3102: if the obtained first transmission power value is larger than the transmission power threshold, performing the following power adjustment: the transmit power of the first signal is reduced by a power adjustment amount and the transmit power of the second signal is reduced by the power adjustment amount or the transmit power of the second signal is kept unchanged.

Optionally, before performing the power adjustment, the method further includes: determining a power adjustment amount according to at least one of the following information: the method comprises the following steps of mapping a reference signal onto physical resources, modulating data in a subframe where the reference signal is located, carrying out multi-carrier mode on the data in the subframe where the reference signal is located, and carrying out system bandwidth and bandwidth occupied by the data in the subframe where the reference signal is located.

Various alternative implementations of the method may refer to the operation of the transmitting device 501 in example five.

[ example twenty-six ]

Fig. 32 is a flowchart of a second reference signal sending method according to twenty-sixth embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 32, the method includes the steps of:

s3201: determining the reference signal as a first type of reference signal or a second type of reference signal according to the type of a synchronization source to which the sending equipment of the reference signal synchronizes and/or the moving speed of the sending equipment of the reference signal;

s3202: generating a reference signal;

s3203: sending out the generated reference signal;

Optionally, determining that the reference signal is the first type of reference signal or the second type of reference signal according to the type of the synchronization source to which the transmitting device of the reference signal synchronizes and/or the moving speed of the transmitting device of the reference signal, includes:

In this method, as an alternative procedure for transmitting the reference signal, reference may be made to the transmission procedure shown in fig. 6 in the first embodiment. Various alternative implementations of the method may refer to the operation of the transmitting device 501 in the sixth embodiment.

[ example twenty-seven ]

Fig. 33 is a flowchart of a second reference signal receiving method according to twenty-seventh embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 33, the method includes the steps of:

s3301: determining the type of a reference signal transmitted by a transmitting device of the reference signal, wherein the type of the reference signal comprises: a first type of reference signal or a second type of reference signal;

s3302: receiving a reference signal according to the determined type of the reference signal;

s3303: performing signal processing on the received reference signal;

In this method, as an alternative process for receiving and processing the reference signal, reference may be made to the process shown in fig. 7 in the first embodiment. Various alternative implementations of the method may refer to the operation of the receiving device 502 in example six.

In summary, in the present application, in order to ensure normal communication between communication devices with large frequency deviation, the reference signal transmitted between the communication devices satisfies the following condition:

On the other hand, for the problem caused by the fact that the PAPR of the reference signal is usually higher than the PAPR of the data, the present application provides a solution including the following two schemes:

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An apparatus for transmitting a reference signal, comprising:

a transmitting module, configured to transmit the reference signal;

wherein, in a subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the first type of reference signal occupies at least five symbols in a time domain, and two symbols exist in the at least five symbols, and an inter-symbol interval of the two symbols does not exceed two symbols; the type of the reference signal is determined according to the type of a synchronization source synchronized to and/or the moving speed of a transmitting device of the reference signal, wherein the type of the reference signal includes the first type of reference signal and a second type of reference signal, the first type of reference signal occupies a larger number of symbols in one subframe than the second type of reference signal occupies in one subframe, wherein the one subframe refers to a basic time unit occupying resources in a time domain at one transmission, a length of the one subframe in the time domain is predefined, and the basic time unit may be 1 or more time domain symbols.

2. The transmission apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one subframe occupies a duration of 1ms or 0.5 ms.

3. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the one subframe occupies a shorter duration as a subcarrier spacing is larger in a multicarrier system.

4. The transmitting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signals of the first type occupy at least two symbols in each slot of the subframe.

5. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1 or 4,

6. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the first type of reference signals occupy at least three subcarriers in each resource unit occupied by the first type of reference signals in a frequency domain.

7. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signal, the number of symbols occupied by the first type of reference signal is smaller than the number of symbols available for transmitting data in the subframe in a time domain.

8. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the reference signals occupy a plurality of adjacent symbols in each slot in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type in a time domain.

9. The transmitting device of claim 8, wherein the reference signals of the first type occupy two groups of symbols in each slot in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type, each group of symbols comprising a plurality of adjacent symbols.

10. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1 or 4,

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 5, symbol 6;

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 5.

11. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the subframes occupied by the first type of reference signals comprise: a synchronous subframe and/or a non-synchronous subframe;

the synchronous sub-frame comprises a synchronous signal, and the asynchronous sub-frame does not comprise the synchronous signal.

12. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1 or 4,

the sending device and the reference signal receiving device are both terminal equipment; or

The transmitting device is terminal equipment, and the receiving device of the reference signal is network equipment;

the sending device is network equipment, and the receiving device of the reference signal is terminal equipment; or

The sending device and the reference signal receiving device are both network devices.

13. The transmitting apparatus of claim 12, wherein the network device comprises a base station, and the terminal device comprises a User Equipment (UE) or a Road Side Unit (RSU).

14. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type, the last symbol is a null symbol GAP.

15. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the first type of reference signal is a reference signal transmitted by the same antenna port.

16. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1,

and if the type of the synchronization source to which the sending equipment of the reference signal synchronizes is a synchronization source of which the synchronization precision is lower than a precision threshold, or the moving speed of the sending equipment of the reference signal is higher than a moving speed threshold, determining that the reference signal is the first type of reference signal.

17. An apparatus for receiving a reference signal, comprising:

a receiving module, configured to receive a reference signal;

in a subframe occupied by a first type of reference signal, the first type of reference signal occupies at least five symbols in a time domain, and two symbols exist in the at least five symbols, and the inter-symbol interval of the two symbols is not more than two symbols; the type of the reference signal is determined according to the type of a synchronization source synchronized to and/or the moving speed of a transmitting device of the reference signal, wherein the type of the reference signal includes the first type of reference signal and a second type of reference signal, the first type of reference signal occupies a larger number of symbols in one subframe than the second type of reference signal occupies in one subframe, wherein the one subframe refers to a basic time unit occupying resources in a time domain at one transmission, a length of the one subframe in the time domain is predefined, and the basic time unit may be 1 or more time domain symbols.

18. The receiving apparatus of claim 17, wherein the one subframe occupies a duration of 1ms or 0.5 ms.

19. The receiving apparatus according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the larger the subcarrier spacing, the shorter the duration occupied by the one subframe in the multicarrier system.

20. The receiving apparatus of claim 17, wherein the first type of reference signal occupies at least two symbols in each slot of the subframe.

21. The receiving apparatus according to claim 17 or 20, wherein the reference signals occupy discontinuous subcarriers in each resource unit occupied by the reference signals of the first type in frequency domain.

22. The receiving apparatus according to claim 17 or 20, wherein the first type of reference signals occupy at least three subcarriers in each resource unit occupied by the first type of reference signals in a frequency domain.

23. The receiving apparatus as claimed in claim 17 or 20, wherein in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type in the time domain, the number of symbols occupied by the reference signals of the first type is smaller than the number of symbols available for transmitting data in the subframe.

24. The receiving apparatus according to claim 17 or 20, wherein the reference signals occupy adjacent multiple symbols in each slot in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type in time domain.

25. The receiving apparatus of claim 24, wherein the first type of reference signals occupy two groups of symbols in each slot in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signals, each group of symbols comprising a plurality of adjacent symbols.

26. The receiving apparatus according to claim 17 or 20,

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 5, symbol 6;

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 5.

27. The receiving apparatus according to claim 17 or 20, wherein the subframes occupied by the first type of reference signals comprise: a synchronous subframe and/or a non-synchronous subframe;

28. The receiving apparatus according to claim 17 or 20,

the sending equipment and the receiving device of the reference signal are both terminal equipment; or

The sending device of the reference signal is terminal equipment, and the receiving device is network equipment;

the sending device of the reference signal is network equipment, and the receiving device is terminal equipment; or

The sending device and the receiving device of the reference signal are both network equipment.

29. The receiving apparatus of claim 28, wherein the network device comprises a base station, and the terminal device comprises a User Equipment (UE) or a Road Side Unit (RSU).

30. The receiving apparatus according to claim 17 or 20, wherein in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type, a last symbol is a null symbol GAP.

31. The receiving apparatus according to claim 17 or 20, wherein the first type of reference signal is a reference signal transmitted by the same antenna port.

32. A method for transmitting a reference signal, comprising:

transmitting the reference signal;

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the one subframe occupies a duration of 1ms or 0.5 ms.

34. The method of claim 32 or 33, wherein the one subframe occupies a shorter time period for a larger subcarrier spacing in a multicarrier system.

35. The method of claim 32, wherein the reference signals of the first type occupy at least two symbols in each slot of the subframe.

36. The method of claim 32 or 35,

37. The method according to claim 32 or 35, wherein the first type of reference signals occupy at least three subcarriers in each resource unit occupied by the first type of reference signals in the frequency domain.

38. The method of claim 32 or 35, wherein in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type in the time domain, the number of symbols occupied by the reference signals of the first type is smaller than the number of symbols available for transmitting data in the subframe.

39. The method of claim 32 or 35, wherein the reference signals occupy a plurality of adjacent symbols in each slot in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type in the time domain.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein the first type of reference signals occupy two groups of symbols in each slot in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signals, each group of symbols comprising a plurality of adjacent symbols.

41. The method of claim 32 or 35,

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 5, symbol 6;

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 5.

42. The method of claim 32 or 35, wherein the subframes occupied by the first type of reference signals comprise: a synchronous subframe and/or a non-synchronous subframe;

43. The method of claim 32 or 35,

the sending equipment and the receiving equipment of the reference signal are both terminal equipment; or

And the sending equipment and the receiving equipment of the reference signal are both network equipment.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein the network device comprises a base station and the terminal device comprises a User Equipment (UE) or a Road Side Unit (RSU).

45. The method of claim 32 or 35, wherein in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type, a last symbol is a null symbol GAP.

46. The method according to claim 32 or 35, wherein the first type of reference signal is a reference signal transmitted by the same antenna port.

47. The method of claim 32,

48. A method for receiving a reference signal, comprising:

processing the received reference signal;

49. The method of claim 48, wherein the one subframe occupies a duration of 1ms or 0.5 ms.

50. The method of claim 48 or 49, wherein the one subframe occupies a shorter time period for a larger subcarrier spacing in a multicarrier system.

51. The method of claim 48, wherein the reference signals of the first type occupy at least two symbols in each slot of the subframe.

52. The method of claim 48 or 51, wherein the reference signals occupy discontinuous subcarriers in each resource unit occupied by the reference signals of the first type in the frequency domain.

53. The method of claim 48 or 51, wherein the reference signals of the first type occupy at least three subcarriers in each resource unit occupied by the reference signals of the first type in the frequency domain.

54. The method of claim 48 or 51, wherein in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type in the time domain, the number of symbols occupied by the reference signals of the first type is smaller than the number of symbols available for transmitting data in the subframe.

55. The method of claim 48 or 51, wherein the reference signals occupy a plurality of adjacent symbols in each slot in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type in the time domain.

56. The method of claim 55, wherein the first type of reference signals occupy two groups of symbols in each slot in each subframe occupied by the first type of reference signals, each group of symbols comprising a plurality of adjacent symbols.

57. The method of claim 48 or 51,

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 5, symbol 6;

symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 3, symbol 4, or

Symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, or

Symbol 0, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 5.

58. The method of claim 48 or 51, wherein the subframes occupied by the first type of reference signals comprise: a synchronous subframe and/or a non-synchronous subframe;

59. The method of claim 48 or 51,

60. The method of claim 59, wherein the network device comprises a base station and the terminal device comprises a User Equipment (UE) or a Road Side Unit (RSU).

61. The method of claim 48 or 51, wherein in each subframe occupied by the reference signals of the first type, a last symbol is a null symbol (GAP).

62. The method of claim 48 or 51, wherein the first type of reference signals are reference signals transmitted by the same antenna port.

63. A computer-readable storage medium, storing a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-16.

64. A computer-readable storage medium, storing a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 17-31.