CN111883404A - Klystron oscillator - Google Patents
Klystron oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111883404A CN111883404A CN202010639940.0A CN202010639940A CN111883404A CN 111883404 A CN111883404 A CN 111883404A CN 202010639940 A CN202010639940 A CN 202010639940A CN 111883404 A CN111883404 A CN 111883404A
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- frequency
- klystron
- resonant cavity
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- electron beam
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
- H01J25/06—Tubes having only one resonator, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly velocity modulation, e.g. Lüdi-Klystron
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J23/18—Resonators
- H01J23/20—Cavity resonators; Adjustment or tuning thereof
- H01J23/207—Tuning of single resonator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2223/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J2225/00
- H01J2223/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J2223/18—Resonators
- H01J2223/20—Cavity resonators; Adjustment or tuning thereof
- H01J2223/207—Tuning of single resonator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2225/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. Klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J2225/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
- H01J2225/06—Tubes having only one resonator, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly velocity modulation, e.g. Lüdi-Klystron
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a klystron oscillator, which comprises a klystron and a circular waveguide resonant cavity, wherein the klystron is transversely erected and assembled to the top of the circular waveguide resonant cavity, and the klystron and the circular waveguide resonant cavity form self-oscillation. The volume and the shape of the resonant cavity are adjusted by adjusting the tuning screw and the tuning block, the capacitance and the inductance are changed, the output frequency of the oscillator is changed, and continuous and stable microwave signals are provided for the guidance radar. The klystron oscillator can provide a stable and continuous radio frequency source for a guidance radar, and the detection distance is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of irradiation guidance radars, in particular to a klystron oscillator.
Background
The guidance radar is one of the types of radar, and can be used for searching and tracking targets, identifying friend or foe and guiding intercepted missiles by means of microwaves and the like. The device is mainly used for guiding ground-to-air missiles, air-to-air missiles, anti-ship missiles launched on the ground or in the air and the like.
The guidance radar transmits microwaves irradiating a target through a radar guide head and receives echoes reflected from the target. And a tracking device in the seeker enables the seeker to track the target according to the echo signal, and the echo signal also forms a signal for controlling the missile so as to control the missile to fly to the target.
The transmitting and receiving technology of the guided radar is a key technology influencing the guided radar, and the radio frequency source of a transmitting system of the guided radar is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a klystron oscillator which can provide a stable and continuous radio frequency source for a guidance radar and further improve the detection distance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a klystron oscillator, comprising a klystron and a circular waveguide resonant cavity, wherein the klystron is transversely erected and assembled to the top of the circular waveguide resonant cavity; the klystron is a double-cavity klystron, is used as an amplifier and connected with the circular waveguide resonant cavity, and cancels the input signal of the klystron;
the electron beam emitted from the cathode by the klystron is accelerated by the anode and passes through the high-frequency gap of the input resonant cavity at a certain speed, and the feedback signal of the output resonant cavity is input into the input resonant cavity to generate high-frequency alternating voltage on the high-frequency gap; when the uniform electron beam passes through the gap, the passing electron beam is accelerated in the positive half cycle of the high-frequency voltage, and the electron beam is decelerated in the negative half cycle of the high-frequency voltage, so that the speed of the electron beam is not uniform when the electron beam leaves the high-frequency gap;
meanwhile, the drift tube is an equipotential space, electrons with modulated speed are subjected to inertia action in the drift tube to form a clustered block, when clustered electron beams pass through the output resonant cavity, induced current is built in the cavity and high-frequency voltage is formed on an output high-frequency gap, and the high-frequency voltage is reacted on the electron beams; in addition, the electrons are decelerated by a deceleration field generated by the clustered electrons in the induction of the output resonant cavity, and part of energy is lost and transferred to a high-frequency field, so that the field is amplified;
the difference between the energy lost and the energy obtained by the electron beam is the energy obtained by the high-frequency field, and a part of the energy is input into the resonant cavity as a feedback signal to form self-oscillation.
Preferably, the klystron oscillator further comprises a tuning screw a, a tuning screw b and an output tuning screw, and the volume shape of the resonant cavity of the oscillator can be changed and the inductance of the resonant cavity can be changed by adjusting the tuning screw a, the tuning screw b and the output tuning screw, so that signals can be stably output.
Preferably, the klystron oscillator further comprises frequency-selective tuning screws and tuning blocks located at two ends of the circular waveguide resonant cavity, and the frequency-selective tuning screws and the tuning blocks are used for adjusting the capacitance and the inductance of the circular waveguide resonant cavity so as to change the output frequency of the oscillator to reach the required working frequency.
According to the technical scheme, the double-cavity klystron and the circular waveguide resonant cavity are connected together through a mechanical structure, and the output port of the double-cavity klystron corresponds to the input port and the two ports of the circular waveguide resonant cavity. The speed-regulating tube receives the electron beam emitted from cathode and accelerates from anode, and makes it pass through the high-frequency gap of input resonant cavity at a certain speed, and the feedback signal of output resonant cavity is inputted into input resonant cavity, so that on the high-frequency gap a high-frequency alternating voltage is produced, when the uniform electron beam is passed through the gap, the passed electron beam is accelerated in the positive half period of high-frequency voltage, and when the uniform electron beam is passed through the gap, the electron beam is decelerated, so that when the electron beam is separated from high-frequency gap, its speed is no longer uniform. Because the drift tube is an equipotential space, electrons with modulated speed will have an inertial effect in the drift tube to form a cluster block. As the bunched electron stream passes through the output cavity, an induced current builds up in the cavity and a high frequency voltage is developed across the output high frequency gap, which voltage acts against the electron stream. The electrons are decelerated by a deceleration field generated by the induction of the clustered electrons in the output cavity, and the electrons lose part of energy and are transferred to a high-frequency field, so that the field is amplified. Although a few electrons pass through the gap in the positive half cycle of the high-frequency voltage, are accelerated and obtain part of energy from the high-frequency field, generally speaking, the number of the decelerated electrons is much larger than that of the accelerated electrons, that is, the energy lost by the electron beam is much larger than the obtained energy, the difference between the two is the energy obtained by the high-frequency field, and a part of the energy is used as a feedback signal and is input into the resonant cavity to form self-oscillation. A constant and continuous oscillation signal is generated and an output signal is output from an output port of the oscillator.
The internal volume and shape of the circular waveguide resonant cavity are changed by adjusting the tuning mechanism, so that the capacitance and inductance of the circular waveguide resonant cavity are changed, and the oscillator outputs signals within required frequency.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a klystron oscillator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the klystron oscillator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the klystron oscillator of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a klystron oscillator of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of the klystron oscillator of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of the klystron oscillator of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a klystron oscillator of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals
1-klystron 2-circular waveguide resonant cavity
3-frequency-selective tuning screw 4-tuning block
5-tuning screw a 6-tuning screw b
7-output tuning screw 8-cathode
9-anode 10-input resonant cavity
11-drift tube 12-output resonant cavity
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper, lower, inner, outer, top, bottom" and the like included in the terms "an" and "an" merely represent the orientations of the terms in a conventional use state or are colloquially known by those skilled in the art, and should not be construed as limiting the terms.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a klystron oscillator, which includes a klystron 1 and a circular waveguide resonant cavity 2, wherein the klystron 1 is transversely erected and assembled to the top of the circular waveguide resonant cavity 2; the klystron 1 is a double-cavity klystron, is used as an amplifier and is connected with the circular waveguide resonant cavity 2, and an input signal of the klystron 1 is cancelled;
the electron beam emitted from the cathode 8 by the klystron 1 is accelerated by the anode 9, passes through the high-frequency gap of the input resonant cavity 10 at a certain speed, and is input into the input resonant cavity 10 by the feedback signal of the output resonant cavity 12, and high-frequency alternating voltage is generated on the high-frequency gap; when the uniform electron beam passes through the gap, the passing electron beam is accelerated in the positive half cycle of the high-frequency voltage, and the electron beam is decelerated in the negative half cycle of the high-frequency voltage, so that the speed of the electron beam is not uniform when the electron beam leaves the high-frequency gap;
meanwhile, the drift tube 11 is an equipotential space, electrons with modulated speed will have an inertial effect in the drift tube 11 to form a cluster block, when the clustered electron beam passes through the output resonant cavity 12, an induced current is established in the cavity and a high-frequency voltage is formed on an output high-frequency gap, and the high-frequency voltage reacts on the electron beam; in addition, the electrons are decelerated by a deceleration field generated by the clustered electrons in the output resonant cavity 12, and part of energy is lost and transferred to a high-frequency field, so that the field is amplified;
the difference between the energy lost and the energy gained by the electron beam is the energy gained by the high frequency field, and a part of the energy is input into the resonant cavity 10 as a feedback signal to form self-oscillation.
Preferably, the klystron oscillator further comprises a tuning screw a5, a tuning screw b6 and an output tuning screw 7, and the volume shape of the resonator of the oscillator can be changed and the inductance of the resonator can be changed by adjusting the tuning screw a5, the tuning screw b6 and the output tuning screw 7, so that signals can be stably output.
Further preferably, the klystron oscillator further comprises frequency-selecting tuning screws 3 and tuning blocks 4 located at two ends of the circular waveguide resonant cavity 2, and the tuning screws and the tuning blocks are used for adjusting capacitance and inductance of the circular waveguide resonant cavity 2 so as to change output frequency of the oscillator to reach required working frequency.
Through the technical scheme, the double-cavity klystron and the circular waveguide resonant cavity are connected together through a mechanical structure, and the output port of the double-cavity klystron corresponds to the input port and the two ports of the circular waveguide resonant cavity. The speed-regulating tube receives the electron beam emitted from cathode and accelerates from anode, and makes it pass through the high-frequency gap of input resonant cavity at a certain speed, and the feedback signal of output resonant cavity is inputted into input resonant cavity, so that on the high-frequency gap a high-frequency alternating voltage is produced, when the uniform electron beam is passed through the gap, the passed electron beam is accelerated in the positive half period of high-frequency voltage, and when the uniform electron beam is passed through the gap, the electron beam is decelerated, so that when the electron beam is separated from high-frequency gap, its speed is no longer uniform. Because the drift tube is an equipotential space, electrons with modulated speed will have an inertial effect in the drift tube to form a cluster block. As the bunched electron stream passes through the output cavity, an induced current builds up in the cavity and a high frequency voltage is developed across the output high frequency gap, which voltage acts against the electron stream. The electrons are decelerated by a deceleration field generated by the induction of the clustered electrons in the output cavity, and the electrons lose part of energy and are transferred to a high-frequency field, so that the field is amplified. Although a few electrons pass through the gap in the positive half cycle of the high-frequency voltage, are accelerated and obtain part of energy from the high-frequency field, generally speaking, the number of the decelerated electrons is much larger than that of the accelerated electrons, that is, the energy lost by the electron beam is much larger than the obtained energy, the difference between the two is the energy obtained by the high-frequency field, and a part of the energy is used as a feedback signal and is input into the resonant cavity to form self-oscillation. A constant and continuous oscillation signal is generated and an output signal is output from an output port of the oscillator.
The internal volume and shape of the circular waveguide resonant cavity are changed by adjusting the tuning mechanism, so that the capacitance and inductance of the circular waveguide resonant cavity are changed, and the oscillator outputs signals within required frequency.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A klystron oscillator is characterized by comprising a klystron (1) and a circular waveguide resonant cavity (2), wherein the klystron (1) is transversely erected and assembled to the top of the circular waveguide resonant cavity (2); the klystron (1) is a double-cavity klystron, is used as an amplifier and is connected with the circular waveguide resonant cavity (2), and an input signal of the klystron (1) is cancelled;
an electron beam emitted by a klystron (1) from a cathode (8) is accelerated by an anode (9), passes through a high-frequency gap of an input resonant cavity (10) at a certain speed, is input into the input resonant cavity (10) by a feedback signal of an output resonant cavity (12), and generates high-frequency alternating voltage on the high-frequency gap; when the uniform electron beam passes through the gap, the passing electron beam is accelerated in the positive half cycle of the high-frequency voltage, and the electron beam is decelerated in the negative half cycle of the high-frequency voltage, so that the speed of the electron beam is not uniform when the electron beam leaves the high-frequency gap;
meanwhile, the drift tube (11) is an equipotential space, electrons with modulated speed are subjected to inertia action in the drift tube (11) to form a cluster block, when clustered electron beams pass through the output resonant cavity (12), induced current is built in the cavity and high-frequency voltage is formed on an output high-frequency gap, and the high-frequency voltage is reacted on the electron beams; in addition, the electrons are decelerated by a deceleration field generated by the induction of the clustered electrons in the output resonant cavity (12), and partial energy is lost and transferred to a high-frequency field, so that the field is amplified;
the difference between the energy lost and the energy gained by the electron beam is the energy gained by the high frequency field, and a part of the energy is input into the resonant cavity (10) as a feedback signal to form self-oscillation.
2. The klystron oscillator of claim 1, further comprising a tuning screw a (5), a tuning screw b (6), and an output tuning screw (7), wherein the resonator volume shape of the oscillator can be changed by adjusting the tuning screw a (5), the tuning screw b (6), and the output tuning screw (7), and the inductance thereof can be changed, so that the signal is stably output.
3. The klystron oscillator as claimed in claim 1, further comprising frequency selective tuning screws (3) and tuning blocks (4) located at both ends of the circular waveguide cavity (2) for adjusting the capacitance and inductance of the circular waveguide cavity (2) to change the oscillator output frequency to a desired operating frequency.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010639940.0A CN111883404B (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Klystron oscillator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010639940.0A CN111883404B (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Klystron oscillator |
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| CN111883404A true CN111883404A (en) | 2020-11-03 |
| CN111883404B CN111883404B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4168451A (en) * | 1977-07-01 | 1979-09-18 | Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. | Multi-cavity klystron amplifiers |
| TW444981U (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2001-07-01 | Ju Guo Ruei | Complex extended interaction resonator and complex extended interaction oscillator |
| CN202495416U (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-10-17 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | S band 10% bandwidth high power klystron |
| CN104134597A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-11-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Klystron power synthesizing and outputting device |
| US20160372296A1 (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2016-12-22 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Multi-Frequency Klystron Designed for High Efficiency |
| CN107768216A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-06 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of high efficiency cascades backward wave oscillator |
-
2020
- 2020-07-06 CN CN202010639940.0A patent/CN111883404B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4168451A (en) * | 1977-07-01 | 1979-09-18 | Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. | Multi-cavity klystron amplifiers |
| TW444981U (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2001-07-01 | Ju Guo Ruei | Complex extended interaction resonator and complex extended interaction oscillator |
| CN202495416U (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-10-17 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | S band 10% bandwidth high power klystron |
| CN104134597A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-11-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Klystron power synthesizing and outputting device |
| US20160372296A1 (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2016-12-22 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Multi-Frequency Klystron Designed for High Efficiency |
| CN107768216A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-06 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of high efficiency cascades backward wave oscillator |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| ZUMIN QI等: "Design and experimental demonstration of a long-pulse, X-band triaxial klystron amplifier with an asymmetric input cavity", 《IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS》 * |
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| CN111883404B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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