CN111881497A - Bridge real-time state monitoring and evaluating method - Google Patents
Bridge real-time state monitoring and evaluating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111881497A CN111881497A CN202010628915.2A CN202010628915A CN111881497A CN 111881497 A CN111881497 A CN 111881497A CN 202010628915 A CN202010628915 A CN 202010628915A CN 111881497 A CN111881497 A CN 111881497A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bridge real-time state monitoring and evaluating method, wherein a sensor is arranged on a bridge, and the method comprises the step of setting a bridge daily operation state threshold value as beta1+、β1‑(ii) a Setting the threshold value of the limit state of normal use as beta2+、β2‑(ii) a Setting the threshold value of the bearing capacity limit state as beta3+、β3‑(ii) a The bridge state monitoring system is characterized in that a small number of monitoring sensors are only needed to be mounted on a bridge structure, key indexes which obviously reflect the structure safety state are monitored, real-time monitoring is achieved through high-frequency acquisition structure response, actually-measured data are uploaded to a cloud end platform through a network in cooperation with a cloud end platform technology, and the cloud end platform carries out real-time assessment on the bridge state based on the data, a preset early warning threshold value and a preset bridge state scoring standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridges, in particular to a bridge real-time state monitoring and evaluating method.
Background
The bridge health monitoring aims to evaluate the safety condition of the bridge after acquiring the monitoring data, so that the safety of the bridge is guaranteed. For the analysis method of bridge health monitoring data, the following two categories can be mainly classified: (1) identifying the damage; (2) and (6) safety early warning.
It can be seen from the analysis of the existing bridge monitoring system that the related research has been greatly developed at present, the monitoring content is more comprehensive, the system function is more complete, and the monitoring system tends to be intelligent. However, the bridge structure health monitoring system at home and abroad still has the following problems:
1) most of the existing monitoring systems analyze and evaluate bridge structures based on a damage identification method, and cannot accurately grasp the working state and safety condition of a bridge in an operation stage in real time through monitoring data, so that the requirements of bridge management units are difficult to meet;
2) mass data acquired in the health monitoring system is not scientifically and effectively analyzed and processed, so that the redundancy of the data is high, the data is not fully utilized, and a scientific and objective evaluation system is not formed;
3) too many monitoring indexes and measuring points are arranged, the cost of the system and the instrument is huge, and the manufacturing cost is high. In the later period, a large amount of capital is still required for instrument damage and replacement and system maintenance, and the existing bridge is difficult to cover in a large area;
4) most of the bridge structure health monitoring systems established at present are independently established health monitoring systems which are not connected with the current specifications and standards, so that the health monitoring systems are not separated from daily bridge management.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a bridge real-time state monitoring and evaluating method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the method for monitoring and evaluating the real-time state of the bridge is provided, the bridge is provided with a sensor, and the method comprises the following steps:
setting the daily operation state threshold value of the bridge as beta1+、β1-；
Setting the threshold value of the limit state of normal use as beta2+、β2-；
Setting the threshold value of the bearing capacity limit state as beta3+、β3-；
β1+＝βs+；
β2+＝βQ+×ψf1+T+V；
β3+＝βQ+×γ0×γQ+T+V；
β1-＝βs-；
β2-＝βQ-×ψf1-T-V；
β3-＝βQ-×γ0×γQ-T-V；
Based on the relation between the monitoring data of the single sensor and the threshold value, making a score U corresponding to the single sensorcWherein
Beta: monitoring data measured values;
Uc: a score based on a single sensor;
Ucmin: the lowest value of the sensor score;
Uq: monitoring and scoring the real-time state of the bridge;
θ: the correction coefficient θ is a coefficient that varies with the number of sensors.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: only need to install a small amount of monitoring sensor on the bridge structure, the monitoring obviously reflects the key index of structure safety state, realize real-time supervision through the high frequency acquisition structure response, cooperation high in the clouds platform technique is uploaded actual measurement's data to cloud end platform through the network, high in the clouds platform is based on data and preset's early warning threshold value and bridge state standard of grading and is carried out real-time assessment to the bridge state, and show corresponding bridge state score, be convenient for managers knows the change of structure in real time, and when the bridge structure score is low excessively, the system can in time give relevant personnel and send information, be convenient for relevant personnel can in time take corresponding measure.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of threshold setting of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the early warning threshold of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. Rather, the invention can be practiced without these specific details, i.e., those skilled in the art can more effectively describe the nature of their work to others skilled in the art using the description and illustrations herein. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and do not limit the scope of the actual protection. Well-known manufacturing methods, control procedures, component dimensions, material compositions, pipe arrangements, etc., have not been described in detail since they are readily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.
The bridge real-time state monitoring and evaluation aims to perform high-frequency monitoring on sensitive indexes through a relatively small number of sensors on the premise of economy, collect monitoring data at each moment, perform real-time evaluation on the bridge state through evaluation standards, and ensure that corresponding measures can be known and taken timely when the bridge is abnormal. Therefore, the reasonable selection of the monitoring sensor is an important premise for realizing real-time monitoring and scientific evaluation. In summary, the sensor for monitoring should meet the following requirements:
(1) sensitivity: often can install anemoscope, rivers wash the monitor among the traditional health monitoring system, dynamic weighing system that monitoring car weight etc. is used for monitoring bridge external information, and this type of instrument often is very expensive. And the influence of external information on the bridge is finally reflected in the structural response, so that a sensor sensitive to the bridge abnormal event and the change of the environmental factors is selected, the structural response of the external factors on the bridge is sensed, and the feedback is carried out.
(2) Real-time performance: some events affecting the safety of the bridge structure, such as the passing of overloaded vehicles, usually have a short action time, and if the monitoring frequency is too low, the events are difficult to capture. Therefore, the monitoring sensor needs to realize high-frequency acquisition and capture the structural response at each moment so as to meet the requirement of real-time monitoring.
(3) The economic efficiency is as follows: the price of the monitoring sensor and the later maintenance cost cannot be too high, the number of the installed sensors is not too large, and key indexes related to structural response are monitored so as to meet the requirement of economy.
(4) Stability: monitoring data acquired by the sensors are used for automatic bridge evaluation after being uploaded to a cloud platform, if abnormal jumping of the data is generated due to instability of the sensors, error early warning of a monitoring system can be caused, and responses generated by abnormal events are usually eliminated by common abnormal data eliminating methods such as Lauda criteria and Showville criteria, so that missing judgment of the real-time monitoring system is caused. The stability of the sensor is therefore an important prerequisite for a real-time monitoring system.
Processing of monitoring data
In the monitoring process of the bridge structure, the bridge structure is influenced by environmental factors besides the effect of automobile load. The influence of environmental factors on the bridge structure is large, monitoring data are greatly interfered, response information of automobile loads can be covered, and effective early warning cannot be achieved by the monitoring system. Therefore, the influence of these factors on the monitoring data needs to be fully considered. Environmental factors are mainly divided into the following two categories:
(1) temperature field induced structural response, known as temperature effects;
(2) the vibration of the bridge caused by wind load and other external factors is called vibration interference.
Based on a wavelet packet analysis method, a structure inclination angle and a low-frequency response in strain sample data are extracted as a structure response caused by a temperature field, an obvious linear relation between the structure inclination angle and an actually measured temperature value is found, and the linear fitting degree is larger than 0.8. Based on the coefficient of the linear relation and the monitored measured temperature value, the temperature component in the structural response data can be eliminated in real time.
Based on a statistical method, selecting a time period without sunshine and with relatively less traffic flow, analyzing vibration interference signals in the bridge monitoring data, and considering the vibration interference signals in an early warning threshold value.
Setting of monitoring threshold
In order to make the early warning threshold have pertinence and objectivity, the threshold is set by considering the structural response of the bridge in the daily operation state and considering the structural response of the worst working condition in finite element calculation, each threshold has the corresponding bridge working condition, and each interval divided by the threshold has the corresponding bridge state. And setting early warning thresholds of three degrees aiming at the monitoring data after the temperature effect is eliminated, wherein the early warning thresholds are respectively a yellow threshold, an orange threshold and a red threshold. In the present embodiment, each threshold is set as follows:
setting a bridge daily operation state threshold value as a yellow threshold value, selecting weekly measurement data of a bridge normal operation stage as observation data aiming at the bridge daily operation state, carrying out statistical analysis on the monitoring data in an observation period, taking a 0.99 quantile value of structural response data in the observation period as the yellow threshold value, and breaking through the yellow threshold value to represent that the bridge state is abnormal compared with the previous day;
setting a threshold value of a normal use limit state as an orange threshold value, calculating a structural response value of the finite element model under the action of the designed automobile load under the most unfavorable working condition aiming at the automobile load under the normal use limit state during design, multiplying the structural response value by a subentry coefficient of the automobile load under the normal use limit state, and superposing a fitting error fixed term and a vibration interference term. Breaking through an orange threshold value represents that the bridge structure response exceeds the maximum response under the action of the normal use limit state automobile load, and whether the bridge has an overload phenomenon needs to be closely concerned;
setting the threshold value of the bearing capacity limit state as a red threshold value, calculating a structural response value of the finite element model under the action of the designed automobile load under the most unfavorable working condition aiming at the automobile load under the bearing capacity limit state during design, multiplying the structural importance coefficient and the subentry coefficient corresponding to the automobile load under the bearing capacity limit state, and superposing a fitting error fixed term and a vibration interference term. And breaking through the red threshold value represents the maximum response of the bridge structure under the action of the automobile load in a state that the response exceeds the bearing capacity limit, which indicates that the bridge structure response is seriously deviated from the normal operation state.
The early warning threshold setting flow chart is shown in fig. 1.
β1+＝βs+
β2+＝βQ+×ψf1+T+V
β3+＝βQ+×γ0×γQ+T+V
β1-＝βs-
β2-＝βQ-×ψf1-T-V
β3-＝βQ-×γ0×γQ-T-V
β1+、β1-: a yellow threshold value;
β2+、β2-: an orange threshold value;
β3+、β3-: a red threshold value;
βs+、βs-: taking one week as an observation period, and taking a 0.99 quantile value of structural response data in the observation period;
βQ+、βQ-: according to general Specifications for designing highway bridges and culverts (JTG D60-2015) and relevant bridge specifications, the structural response value upper limit value and lower limit value of the bridge structure finite element model under the worst working conditions under the load of a designed lane are determined;
ψf1according to the general standard for highway bridge design (JTG D60-2015) and related bridge standards, taking 0.7 as the automobile load carrier frequency encounter value coefficient in normal use limit state design;
γ0: according to general Standard of Highway bridge design (JTG D60-2015), relevant bridge standards and structural importance coefficients, 1.1, 1.0 and 0.9 are respectively selected for the first level, the second level and the third level of corresponding design safety levels;
γQ: according to general standard for designing highway bridges and culverts (JTG D60-2015) and related bridge standards, taking 1.4 as a lane load division coefficient in the design of a bearing capacity limit state;
T: taking 2 times of standard deviation of linear fitting residual error of an error term of linear fitting of the temperature effect;
V: taking 3 times of standard deviation of monitoring data in the early morning period as an interference item caused by bridge vibration;
the early warning threshold diagram is shown in fig. 2.
Compared with the traditional monitoring, the method for setting the threshold has the following advantages:
(1) the influence of the temperature effect is eliminated from the monitoring data, so that the threshold value is set for the automobile load acting on the bridge, and the capture of the overload phenomenon and the abnormal event of the bridge is more sensitive;
(2) the bridge response caused by environmental factors is pertinently considered in the threshold value, so that misjudgment of the monitoring system is avoided;
(3) three levels of monitoring threshold values are set, and each level of threshold value has a bridge state represented by the threshold value, so that a bridge management unit can conveniently and flexibly take measures.
Bridge real-time state monitoring and evaluating standard and method
After the monitoring data are uploaded to the cloud platform, in order to reflect the real-time state of the bridge more intuitively and enable the expression of the data to be more popular and understandable, a set of scoring logic needs to be provided. And dividing the bridge real-time state evaluation level into 4 classes according to the bridge real-time safety degree, wherein each class is provided with corresponding bridge state description and suggested measures.
The basic principle of scoring is that the range of the bridge monitoring data is divided into 7 intervals through 6 early warning thresholds, and the thresholds at the two ends of each interval represent the best state and the worst state of the interval. Firstly, judging which interval the measured value of the monitoring data falls in, and then obtaining the score by a linear interpolation method through the ratio coefficient of the measured value and the upper and lower limits of the interval.
The scoring logic is that based on the relationship between the monitoring data of a single sensor and each early warning threshold value, a score U corresponding to the single sensor is madecEach monitoring sensor has its corresponding score. When the scores of all the sensors are higher than 60 minutes, the fact that the bridge response does not exceed the worst working condition theoretical response value under the action of the normal use limit state lane load is shown, the bridge is in a normal operation state, and the total score U of the full bridge is at the momentqEqual to the average of the individual sensor scores. In order to avoid the algorithm of the average value, a sensor with a lower score is omitted from the total score, and a correction coefficient theta is introduced, wherein the correction coefficient theta is a coefficient which is changed along with the number of the sensors.
When the score of a single sensor is lower than 60 minutes, the local response of the bridge is indicated to exceed the theoretical response value of the worst working condition under the action of normal use limit state lane load, and the total score of the bridge is equal to the score of the lowest-score sensor. The specific settings are as follows:
beta: monitoring data measured values;
Uc: a score based on a single sensor;
Ucmin: the lowest value of the sensor score;
Uq: monitoring and scoring the real-time state of the bridge;
θ: the correction coefficient theta is a coefficient which is changed along with the number of sensors, the technical condition grading correction coefficient which is changed along with the number of components in road bridge technical condition evaluation standard (JTG/T H21-2011) is referred, and the value of theta is shown in a table 1:
according to the bridge real-time state monitoring score, the safety states of the bridge are divided into the following 4 types, and the description and the suggested measures of the bridge states under various safety state levels are shown in the table 2.
According to the principle, the invention can also make appropriate changes and modifications to the above embodiment, and the bridge structure response is expressed in the form of score based on the bridge real-time monitoring data and the scoring logic, so as to be convenient for the bridge management unit to understand. And each scoring area has corresponding meaning, and the bridge management unit can flexibly take corresponding measures based on the real-time state of the bridge. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A bridge real-time state monitoring and evaluating method is characterized in that a sensor is arranged on a bridge, and the method comprises the following steps:
setting the daily operation state threshold value of the bridge as beta1+、β1-；
Setting the threshold value of the limit state of normal use as beta2+、β2-；
Setting the threshold value of the bearing capacity limit state as beta3+、β3-；
β1+＝βs+；
β2+＝βQ+×ψf1+T+V；
β3+-β0+×γ0×γQ+T+V；
β1-＝βs-；
β2-＝βQ-×ψf1-T-V；
β3-＝βQ-×γ0×γQ-T-V；
Based on the relation between the monitoring data of the single sensor and the threshold value, making a score U corresponding to the single sensorcWherein
Beta: monitoring data measured values;
Uc: a score based on a single sensor;
Ucmin: the lowest value of the sensor score;
Uq: monitoring and scoring the real-time state of the bridge;
θ: the correction coefficient θ is a coefficient that varies with the number of sensors.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112507588A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-16 | 宁波朗达工程科技有限公司 | Method and system for evaluating influence of overloaded vehicle on bridge and computer equipment |
| CN112561257A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 合肥泽众城市智能科技有限公司 | Bridge structure safety evaluation method and device based on big data |
| CN113570127A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-29 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Bridge safety prediction method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN114252283A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-29 | 宜春市公路管理局 | System and method for monitoring whole life of small and medium-span bridge |
-
2020
- 2020-06-29 CN CN202010628915.2A patent/CN111881497A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112561257A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 合肥泽众城市智能科技有限公司 | Bridge structure safety evaluation method and device based on big data |
| CN112507588A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-16 | 宁波朗达工程科技有限公司 | Method and system for evaluating influence of overloaded vehicle on bridge and computer equipment |
| CN112507588B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-12-29 | 宁波朗达工程科技有限公司 | Method, system and computer equipment for evaluating influence of overloaded vehicle on bridge |
| CN113570127A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-29 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Bridge safety prediction method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN114252283A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-29 | 宜春市公路管理局 | System and method for monitoring whole life of small and medium-span bridge |
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