CN111880867A - Cold atom data acquisition and analysis system based on python - Google Patents
Cold atom data acquisition and analysis system based on python Download PDFInfo
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- CN111880867A CN111880867A CN202010541619.9A CN202010541619A CN111880867A CN 111880867 A CN111880867 A CN 111880867A CN 202010541619 A CN202010541619 A CN 202010541619A CN 111880867 A CN111880867 A CN 111880867A
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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Abstract
The invention discloses a python-based cold atom data acquisition and analysis system, which comprises a computer, a USB interface and a CCD camera; the computer is used for operating Python control software and processing data acquired by the CCD camera; the USB interface is used for connecting the computer and the CCD camera; and the CCD camera is used for shooting cold radicals to obtain data and transmitting the data to the computer through the USB interface. Hardware control and real-time analysis of cold atom data acquisition are integrated in a unified software framework, and flexible increase and decrease of hardware models and increase and decrease of new analysis methods are supported. The method avoids extra forehead data access and various conversion processes, has higher processing speed, obviously saves data processing and analyzing time, is easy to record experimental data, and improves the efficiency of cold atom experimental research.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data acquisition and analysis, in particular to a cold atom data acquisition and analysis system based on python.
Background
The laser-cooled atoms remain gaseous at very low temperatures, i.e., on the order of micro-or nano-kelvin, and the probability of collisions between atoms is low, so that the atoms are considered to be substantially isolated, which is a very ideal system for studying atomic molecular properties.
The information of the cold atoms can be measured by using an absorption imaging technology or a fluorescence imaging technology, and the data can be obtained by processing the images by using CCD camera imaging. There are many methods for acquiring cold atom information today, but most methods require a separate control program to be collected and saved to a local computer, and the data storage format is not friendly to the data processing program. The codes for data processing are not uniform, manual switching among a plurality of programs is needed, data exchange wastes time and consumes conversion resources, real-time automatic processing cannot be achieved, equipment is increased or decreased, the programs need to be modified from beginning, and humanization is not achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a need exists for providing a Python-based cold atom data collection and analysis system, which utilizes the powerful graphic user interface design function of Python to establish a graphical interface on a computer screen to simplify data processing operations, and during the operations, a user can implement data processing through mouse and keyboard operations, and in addition, the user can flexibly modify parameters according to the needs of the user.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
a cold atom data acquisition and analysis system based on python comprises a computer, a USB interface and a CCD camera, wherein:
the computer is used for operating python control software and analyzing data collected by the CCD camera;
the USB interface is used for connecting the computer and the CCD camera;
the CCD camera is used for shooting cold radicals to obtain data, and the data is transmitted to the computer through the USB interface;
furthermore, the python control software comprises a file loading and saving function, a CCD camera information management function, a background color modification function, a picture stack display function, a cold atomic group temperature calculation function, a cold atomic number calculation function, a cold atomic group fitting function and a prompt information function.
Further, the file loading and saving function records cold radical imaging information in a two-dimensional matrix format;
the CCD camera information management function distinguishes the cameras according to the serial numbers of the CCD cameras, and the distinguishing mode comprises the steps of giving alias names and characteristic exposure time to the cameras;
the background color modification function comprises modifying the background color into light tones and dark tones;
the picture stack display function displays the loaded and collected cold atom image information in a small window stack form;
the prompt information function prompts successful operation or error operation.
Further, the cold radical temperature calculation function calculates the cold radical temperature using a time-of-flight method;
the cold atom number calculation function calculation method comprises an absorption imaging method and a fluorescence imaging method;
the cold radical fitting function performs gaussian fitting on the number of atoms on the cross section of the cold radical.
Further, the cold radical temperature metering function module measures the temperature by adopting a time-of-flight method, and comprises the following steps of:
step ST 1: allowing the cold radicals to expand and fall freely at a certain position;
step ST 2: shooting information of cold radicals at different positions by using a CCD (charge coupled device) camera;
step ST 3: calculating the gradient of the standard deviation of the atomic number positive-negative distribution along with the time according to the information;
step ST 4: and obtaining the temperature of the cold atomic group according to the relation between the gradient of the standard deviation of the distribution of the atomic number positive and negative and the time and the temperature.
Further, the gradient of the standard deviation of the distribution of the atomic number positive theta with time is related to the temperature by:
wherein T is atomic group temperature, A is the gradient of atomic number plus-Taiwan standard deviation along with time, M is magnification factor, M is atomic mass, k is Boltzmann constant, and PA is the size of CCD camera pixel point.
Further, the absorption imaging calculation method comprises the following steps:
step SN 1: the cold atomic group is illuminated by a laser beam, and the absorption of light by atoms can generate shadows, and then the shadows are imaged on a CCD camera;
step SN 2: the amount of light absorbed by the cloud is the optical density, and the optical density before and after incidence is measured by the CCD camera, and the atomic number distribution can be obtained according to the bels law.
Further, the calculation formula of the absorption imaging calculation method is as follows:
where N is the atomic number, PA is the CCD camera pixel size, σ is the absorption cross section, TP is the number of photons in the region of interest, and M is the magnification.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that at least:
based on the powerful graphic user interface design function of Python, a graphical interface is established on a computer screen to simplify data processing operation. When in operation, a user realizes data processing through mouse and keyboard operation. In addition, the user can flexibly modify the parameters according to the needs of the user.
The cold atom data acquisition and analysis method based on the invention is simple and quick, the hardware control and the real-time analysis of the cold atom data acquisition are integrated under a unified software framework, flexible hardware model increase and decrease and increase and decrease of new analysis methods are supported, extra data access and various conversion processes are avoided, the processing speed is higher, and the data calculation time and the data exchange time are greatly saved; and the program is developed by python software, so that the experimental data can be easily recorded, and a good foundation is laid for cold atom experimental data analysis.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cold atom data collection and analysis system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a functional schematic diagram of Python control software according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a computer display; 2. a computer host; 3. a CCD camera; 4. a USB interface; 101. python control software.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Aiming at the requirement of providing cold atom cloud generation equipment, the cold atom cloud generation equipment consists of a computer, a USB interface and a CCD camera. The computer is used for operating python control software, the USB interface is used for connecting the computer and the CCD camera to transmit image data, and the CCD camera is used for collecting the image data.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the system block diagram:
as shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a python-based cold atom data acquisition and analysis system, which comprises a computer display 1, a computer host 2, a CCD camera 3 and a USB interface 4.
As shown in fig. 1, the computers (1, 2) are used for running a python control program 101 to control the data acquisition and processing system. The python control program 101 is used to process image data.
As shown in fig. 1, the CCD camera 3 is connected to the computer main body 2 via the USB interface 4, and transmits the acquired cold atom image data to the computer in real time, and is processed by the python control program 101.
As shown in FIG. 2, the functions of the python control program 101 include: file loading and saving, CCD camera information management, background color modification, picture stack display, cold atom group temperature calculation, cold atom number calculation, cold atom group fitting and information prompt.
Further, the file loading and saving function records cold radical imaging information in a two-dimensional matrix format;
the CCD camera information management function distinguishes the cameras according to the serial numbers of the CCD cameras, and the distinguishing mode comprises the steps of giving alias names and characteristic exposure time to the cameras;
the background color modification function comprises modifying the background color into light tones and dark tones;
the picture stack display function displays the loaded and collected cold atom image information in a small window stack form;
the prompt information function prompts successful operation or error operation.
Further, the cold radical temperature calculation function calculates the cold radical temperature using a time-of-flight method;
the cold atom number calculation function calculation method comprises an absorption imaging method and a fluorescence imaging method;
the cold radical fitting function performs gaussian fitting on the number of atoms on the cross section of the cold radical.
The loaded or collected cold atomic group image data is stored in the image stack and can be stored and analyzed;
the CCD camera information which is once connected is recorded in the CCD camera information management window, and the corresponding name and parameters can be modified;
the Python software can perform Gaussian fitting on the cold atomic group image to obtain a fitting curve and fitting parameters;
the cold atom group temperature calculation information and the cold atom number calculation information are displayed on the right part of the Python software page;
and the information prompt window prompts the error of the software operation.
Example 2
Preferably, the cold atom number calculation method is a cold atom absorption imaging or fluorescence imaging method, and the absorption imaging calculation method includes the following steps:
step SN 1: the cold atomic group is illuminated by a laser beam, and the absorption of light by atoms can generate shadows, and then the shadows are imaged on a CCD camera;
step SN 2: the amount of light absorbed by the cloud is the optical density, and the optical density before and after incidence is measured by the CCD camera, and the atomic number distribution can be obtained according to the bels law.
Further, the calculation formula of the absorption imaging calculation method is as follows:
where N is the atomic number, PA is the CCD camera pixel size, σ is the absorption cross section, TP is the number of photons in the region of interest, and M is the magnification.
Preferably, the cold radical temperature measurement function module measures the temperature by using a time-of-flight method, and includes the following steps:
step ST 1: allowing the cold radicals to expand and fall freely at a certain position;
step ST 2: shooting information of cold radicals at different positions by using a CCD (charge coupled device) camera;
step ST 3: calculating the gradient of the standard deviation of the atomic number positive-negative distribution along with the time according to the information;
step ST 4: and obtaining the temperature of the cold atomic group according to the relation between the gradient of the standard deviation of the distribution of the atomic number positive and negative and the time and the temperature.
Preferably, after data is acquired, the data is transmitted to the python control program 101 for processing, and the relationship between the gradient of the standard deviation of the distribution of the atomic numbers with time and the temperature is as follows:
wherein T is atomic group temperature, A is the gradient of atomic number plus-Taiwan standard deviation along with time, M is magnification factor, M is atomic mass, k is Boltzmann constant, and PA is the size of CCD camera pixel point.
Through the description of the implementation method, technicians can quickly obtain experimental data processing results, know experimental defects and adjust the experimental device to quickly and accurately achieve the purpose of experiments without opening other data processing programs.
The invention establishes a graphical interface on a computer screen to simplify data processing operation based on the strong graphic user interface design function of Python. When in operation, a user realizes data processing through mouse and keyboard operation. In addition, the user can flexibly modify the parameters according to the needs of the user.
The cold atom data acquisition and analysis method based on the invention is simple and quick, greatly saves data calculation time and data exchange time, is easy to record experimental data by developing programs by python software, and lays a good foundation for cold atom experimental data analysis.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A cold atom data acquisition and analysis system based on python is characterized by comprising a computer, a USB interface and a CCD camera, wherein:
the computer is used for operating python control software and analyzing data collected by the CCD camera;
the USB interface is used for connecting the computer and the CCD camera;
and the CCD camera is used for shooting cold radicals to obtain data and transmitting the data to the computer through the USB interface.
2. The python-based cold atom data collection and analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the python control software comprises a file loading and saving function, a CCD camera information management function, a background color modification function, a picture stack display function, a cold atom group temperature calculation function, a cold atom number calculation function, a cold atom group fitting function, and a prompt information function.
3. The python-based cold atom data collection and analysis system of claim 2,
the file loading and storing function records cold atom group imaging information in a two-dimensional matrix format;
the CCD camera information management function distinguishes the cameras according to the serial numbers of the CCD cameras, and the distinguishing mode comprises the steps of giving alias names and characteristic exposure time to the cameras;
the background color modification function comprises modifying the background color into light tones and dark tones;
the picture stack display function displays the loaded and collected cold atom image information in a small window stack form;
the prompt information function prompts successful operation or error operation.
4. The python-based cold atom data collection and analysis system of claim 2,
the cold radical temperature calculation function calculates the cold radical temperature by adopting a flight time method;
the cold atom number calculation function calculation method comprises an absorption imaging method and a fluorescence imaging method;
the cold radical fitting function performs gaussian fitting on the number of atoms on the cross section of the cold radical.
5. The python-based cold atom data collection and analysis system of claim 4, wherein the cold atom group temperature metering function module measures temperature using a time-of-flight method, comprising the steps of:
step ST 1: allowing the cold radicals to expand and fall freely at a certain position;
step ST 2: shooting information of cold radicals at different positions by using a CCD (charge coupled device) camera;
step ST 3: calculating the gradient of the standard deviation of the atomic number positive-negative distribution along with the time according to the information;
step ST 4: and obtaining the temperature of the cold atomic group according to the relation between the gradient of the standard deviation of the distribution of the atomic number positive and negative and the time and the temperature.
6. The python-based cold atom data collection and analysis system of claim 5, wherein the gradient of the atomic number positive distribution standard deviation over time versus temperature is:
wherein T is atomic group temperature, A is the gradient of atomic number plus-Taiwan standard deviation along with time, M is magnification factor, M is atomic mass, k is Boltzmann constant, and PA is the size of CCD camera pixel point.
7. The python-based cold atom data acquisition and analysis system of claim 4, wherein the absorption imaging calculation method comprises the steps of:
step SN 1: the cold atomic group is illuminated by a laser beam, and the absorption of light by atoms can generate shadows, and then the shadows are imaged on a CCD camera;
step SN 2: the amount of light absorbed by the cloud is the optical density, and the optical density before and after incidence is measured by the CCD camera, and the atomic number distribution can be obtained according to the bels law.
8. The python-based cold atom data collection and analysis system of claim 7, wherein the absorption imaging calculation method has the formula:
where N is the atomic number, PA is the CCD camera pixel size, σ is the absorption cross section, TP is the number of photons in the region of interest, and M is the magnification.
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| CN112857409A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | Automatic data acquisition and analysis system of cold atom interferometer |
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