CN111879672A - High-precision open type easily-maintained dust concentration detection device and method - Google Patents
High-precision open type easily-maintained dust concentration detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111879672A CN111879672A CN202010837067.6A CN202010837067A CN111879672A CN 111879672 A CN111879672 A CN 111879672A CN 202010837067 A CN202010837067 A CN 202010837067A CN 111879672 A CN111879672 A CN 111879672A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of dust concentration detection, in particular to a high-precision open type easily-maintained dust concentration detection device which comprises a base, wherein a detection area is arranged on the base, a laser emission unit, a light trap and a photoelectric conversion unit are arranged on the base, the laser emission unit and the light trap are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the detection area, the photoelectric conversion unit is arranged on the upper side of the detection area, a shell is detachably arranged on the base and covers the detection area, a plurality of through holes are formed in the shell and communicated with the detection area, and the shell is arranged on the base, so that the influence of natural light on dust concentration detection can be reduced, and the detection precision of dust concentration is improved; the shell is detachably arranged on the base, so that the detection area, the laser emission unit, the light trap and the photoelectric conversion unit are conveniently maintained, and the convenient and fast maintenance effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dust concentration detection, in particular to a high-precision open type easily-maintained dust concentration detection device and method.
Background
At present, the detection technology for the concentration of dust particles mainly depends on a light scattering method, after laser irradiates the dust particles, the irradiation direction of the laser by the dust particles is changed (namely, scattering), the scattered light intensity is detected by a light sensing element, and the scattered light intensity and the particle size and the concentration of the dust particles have a correlation relationship. The detection of the concentration of dust concentration particles is realized by testing the intensity of scattered light, and the method has the advantages of high sensitivity and good real-time property.
In the prior technical scheme, one is to pump dust into a detection darkroom through a fan, the scheme has the advantages of high detection precision, good stability and less influence by external natural light, but detection elements are difficult to clean after being polluted, laser elements are easy to damage in the cleaning process, the detection device is complicated in maintenance process in the use process, and the popularization and application of the technology are limited; the other method is a non-powered and free diffusion method to realize dust concentration detection, and the maintenance process is relatively simple, but at present, the method is easily influenced by natural light, and has low detection precision and instability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems that the dust concentration detection device in the prior art is inconvenient to maintain by adopting a dark room detection mode or the dust concentration detection device is greatly influenced by natural light and has low detection precision, the high-precision open type easily-maintained dust concentration detection device and method are provided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a dust concentration detection device that high accuracy open was easily maintained, includes the base, be provided with the detection zone on the base, be provided with laser emission unit, light trap and photoelectric conversion unit on the base, laser emission unit with light trap sets up respectively the relative both sides of detection zone, photoelectric conversion unit sets up the upside of detection zone, can dismantle on the base and be provided with the shell, the shell covers the detection zone, be provided with a plurality of through-holes on the shell, the through-hole with the detection zone intercommunication.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the base is provided with a light shielding plate, the light shielding plate is arranged on the side surface of the detection area, and the light shielding plate is fixed on two sides of the photoelectric conversion unit to block the clutter of the laser from entering the photoelectric conversion unit, so as to avoid causing larger noise and influencing the detection precision.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the base is further provided with a guide plate, the guide plate and the light screen are fixed to form a frame structure, the inner side of the guide plate is arranged in an inclined plane, so that dust can be conveniently collected under the photoelectric conversion unit, the detection precision of the photoelectric conversion unit is improved, the guide plate is provided with an inclined plane to facilitate the flow of the dust, and on the other hand, natural light can be prevented from entering the detector, so that the influence of the natural light on the detection device can be effectively avoided.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, a heat dissipation sleeve is fixed on the base, fins are fixed on the heat dissipation sleeve, and the heat dissipation sleeve is sleeved on the laser emission unit to dissipate heat of the laser emission unit, so that the laser power of the laser emission unit is prevented from being changed due to overhigh temperature, and the error of the detection result is prevented from being increased.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the photoelectric conversion unit is electrically connected to a main control board, the main control board is disposed in the base, the photoelectric conversion unit converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal, the main control board converts the electrical signal into a digital signal, and the specific value of the concentration is calculated.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, a body is arranged at the upper end of the base, a circuit board electrically connected with the main control board is arranged on the body, a display screen is electrically connected on the circuit board, the display screen is arranged on the body, a real-time concentration value is displayed on the display screen, observation is convenient, and certainly, in order to avoid the influence of overhigh dust concentration on the physical and mental health of workers, an alarm device can be electrically connected on the main control board, an alarm is given after the dust concentration exceeds the dust concentration range of the workers, and dust falling operation is carried out through a dust falling device.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the photoelectric conversion unit is a silicon photocell, an optical filter is disposed on one side of the silicon photocell, which is close to the detection area, the main control board is a silicon photocell control circuit board, the silicon photocell control circuit board is fixed on the base, and converts an electrical signal converted by the silicon photocell into a digital signal, which is used to convert an optical signal of the laser emission unit into an electrical signal, a wavelength band of effective response of the silicon photocell is 635nm, and the optical filter is a 635nm band-pass filter, so that the optical filter can effectively prevent light intensity outside 635nm, reduce interference of external natural light, and improve detection accuracy.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, a hook is arranged above the body, a plug is arranged on the body and electrically connected with the main control board, the hook is used for placing the body, the plug is connected with a power supply through matching with a socket to provide the power supply for the main control board, and the plug can be specifically an aviation plug.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, a light outlet is provided on the base, a laser emission port of the laser emission unit is aligned with the light outlet, a light inlet is further provided on the base, the optical trap is aligned with the light inlet, the light outlet and the light inlet are both in a horn shape, so as to avoid leakage of stray light of a laser beam, reduce influence on measurement of dust concentration by the photoelectric conversion unit, and a part of laser emitted by the laser emission unit through the light outlet radiates heat on dust particles, and a part of laser enters the optical trap through the light inlet to be absorbed.
A high-precision open type easily-maintained dust concentration detection method comprises the steps of firstly opening a dust concentration detection device, closing a laser, collecting natural light data, and calculating an influence value of natural light on dust concentration; then, turning on a laser and measuring the dust concentration; and finally, subtracting the influence value of natural light measured in the laser closing state on the dust concentration from the dust concentration measured in the laser opening state to obtain the real dust concentration.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, when a laser is turned off, collecting dust concentration values S under n groups of natural light, and calculating a median SP of an array as [ max (S) -min (S) ]/2; wherein, S1 and S2 … … Sn represent n collected concentration values; max(s) represents the maximum value of the acquired data; min (S) represents the minimum value of the acquired data; SP represents the median of the collected data;
the threshold for the median is: YZ ═ SP × T; wherein YZ is a calculated threshold; t is the coefficient of threshold value filtration, and T is more than 0 and less than 1;
screening a dust concentration value M in a threshold fluctuation range, wherein M is { M | SP-YZ < S < SP + YZ }, M is data after median threshold filtering, the number of data is Q, and Q is less than or equal to n;
calculating an average value Z of the data after median threshold filtering;
Z＝(M1+M2+……+MQ)/Q；
wherein Z is the mean value of the natural light signal after median threshold value filtering; m1, … … MQIs a numerical value in the Q group data; q is the number of data in the M array.
According to the operation, the influence of natural light on the dust concentration in the dust concentration detection process is reduced, and the dust concentration detection precision is improved.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, when a laser is turned on, collecting r groups of dust concentration values Y in a laser state, wherein the values are Y1 and Y2 … … Yr;
the array without the influence of natural light signal is YP, YPr＝Yr-Z; wherein YPrRemoving data influenced by natural light signals;
calculating an average value CP of data without the influence of the natural light signal;
CP＝(YP1+YP2+……+YPr)/r；
correction of calculation results
And C is CP K, wherein C is the output dust concentration value, and K is the correction scale factor.
This improves the accuracy of detecting the dust concentration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the dust concentration detection device is characterized in that the dust concentration detection device which is high in accuracy, open and easy to maintain is installed at a place where dust concentration needs to be detected, dust enters a detection area through a through hole of a shell through the floating of the dust, a laser emission unit emits laser to irradiate the dust, the laser enters an optical trap to be absorbed, an optical signal of the laser scattered by the dust is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric conversion unit, and the dust concentration is detected; the shell is detachably arranged on the base, so that the detection area, the laser emission unit, the light trap and the photoelectric conversion unit are conveniently maintained, the convenient and fast maintenance effect is achieved, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a base;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the base assembled for the housing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the present method;
the labels in the figure are: 1-base, 2-detection area, 3-laser emission unit, 4-light trap, 5-photoelectric conversion unit, 6-shell, 7-through hole, 8-shading plate, 9-guide plate, 10-heat dissipation sleeve, 11-fin, 12-main control board, 13-body, 14-circuit board, 15-display screen, 16-optical filter, 17-hook, 18-plug, 19-light outlet, 20-light inlet and 21-nameplate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, a high-precision open type easy-maintenance dust concentration detection device includes a base 1, a detection area 2 is disposed on the base 1, a laser emission unit 3, a light trap 4 and a photoelectric conversion unit 5 are disposed on the base 1, the laser emission unit 3 and the light trap 4 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the detection area 2, the photoelectric conversion unit 5 is disposed on the upper side of the detection area 2, a housing 6 is detachably disposed on the base 1, the housing 6 covers the detection area 2, a plurality of through holes 7 are disposed on the housing 6, and the through holes 7 are communicated with the detection area 2; in this embodiment, shell 6 passes through bolted connection with base 1, detection zone 2 is the U-shaped groove that sets up on base 1, detection zone 2 directly communicates with the external world when not installing shell 6, through-hole 7 on the shell 6 communicates detection zone 2 with the external world, make the dust float and get into in the detection zone 2, can avoid the interference of natural light through shell 6 when carrying out the dust concentration detection, and shell 6 detachable sets up and is convenient for carry out detection zone 2, laser emission is single 3 yuan, the maintenance of light trap 4 and photoelectric conversion unit 5, the maintenance cost is reduced, it has black material to scribble in the light trap 4, guarantee to fully absorb the laser in getting into light trap 4.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a light shielding plate 8 is arranged on the base 1, the light shielding plate 8 is arranged on the side surface of the detection area 2, and the light shielding plate 8 is fixed on both sides of the photoelectric conversion unit 5 to block the clutter of laser from entering the photoelectric conversion unit 5, so as to avoid causing large noise and affecting the detection precision; the base 1 is also provided with a guide plate 9, the guide plate 9 and the light screen 8 are fixed to form a frame structure, the inner side of the guide plate 9 is arranged in an inclined plane, so that dust is convenient to gather under the photoelectric conversion unit 5, the detection precision of the photoelectric conversion unit 5 is improved, and the guide plate 9 is provided with an inclined plane to facilitate the flow of the dust; the photoelectric conversion unit 5 is arranged above the middle of the rectangular frame formed by the light shielding plate 8 and the guide plate 9, and the lowest points of the light shielding plate 8 and the guide plate 9 are higher than the laser beam emitted by the laser emitting unit 3, so that the photoelectric conversion unit 5 can receive signals and collect dust to the maximum extent.
As shown in fig. 1, a heat dissipation sleeve 10 is fixed on the base 1, fins 11 are fixed on the heat dissipation sleeve 10, the heat dissipation sleeve 10 is sleeved on the laser emission unit 3 to dissipate heat of the laser emission unit 3, so that the laser power of the laser emission unit 3 is prevented from being changed due to overhigh temperature, and the error of the detection result is prevented from being increased.
As shown in fig. 1, the photoelectric conversion unit 5 is electrically connected to a main control board 12, the main control board 12 is disposed in the base 1, the photoelectric conversion unit 5 converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal, and the main control board 12 converts the electrical signal into a digital signal to calculate a specific value of the concentration.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the upper end of base 1 is provided with body 13, be provided with on body 13 with circuit board 14 that main control board 12 electricity is connected, the electricity is connected with display screen 15 on circuit board 14, display screen 15 sets up on the body 13, show real-time concentration value on the display screen 15, be convenient for observe, certainly avoid the too high influence that causes the physical and mental health of staff of dust concentration, can go up the electricity at main control board 12 and connect alarm device, report to the police after dust concentration exceeds staff's dust concentration scope to carry out the dust fall operation through dust device.
In this embodiment, the photoelectric conversion unit 5 is a silicon photocell, one side of the silicon photocell, which is close to the detection area 2, is provided with an optical filter 16, the main control board 12 is a silicon photocell control circuit board, and the silicon photocell control circuit board is fixed on the base 1, converts an electrical signal converted by the silicon photocell into a digital signal, and is used for converting an optical signal of the laser emission unit 3 into an electrical signal.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a hook 17 is arranged above the body 13, a plug 18 is arranged on the body 13, the plug 18 is electrically connected with the main control board 12, the hook 17 is used for placing the body 13, the plug 18 is matched with a socket to be connected with a power supply, the power supply is provided for the main control board 12, the plug 18 can be specifically an aviation plug, and a nameplate 21 is arranged on the outer surface of the body 13 and used for recording the model number and the like of the unpowered dust concentration detection device.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a light outlet 19 is disposed on the base 1, a laser emission port of the laser emission unit 3 is aligned with the light outlet 19, a light inlet 20 is further disposed on the base 1, the optical trap 4 is aligned with the light inlet 20, and both the light outlet 19 and the light inlet 20 are in a horn shape, so as to avoid leakage of stray light of a laser beam and reduce influence on measurement of dust concentration by the photoelectric conversion unit 5.
The specific work flow of the application is as follows: install the dust concentration detection device of high accuracy open easy maintenance in the region that needs to measure dust concentration through couple 17, the dust is through self showy through-hole 7 entering detection zone 2 of shell 6 in, the laser irradiation that laser emission unit 3 launches is on the dust, take place the scattering, the laser that does not shine the dust is absorbed in getting into light trap 4, photoelectric conversion unit 5 receives the laser, convert light signal into the signal of telecommunication, handle and show real-time dust concentration on display screen 15 through main control panel 12, thereby the influence of natural light to dust concentration detection has been reduced, improve the detection precision of dust concentration, and shell 6 detachable sets up and is convenient for carry out detection zone 2, laser emission unit 3, light trap 4 and photoelectric conversion unit 5's maintenance, the maintenance cost is reduced.
As shown in fig. 6, a high-precision open easy-maintenance dust concentration detection method includes firstly opening a dust concentration detection device, closing a laser, collecting natural light data, and calculating an influence value of natural light on dust concentration; then, turning on a laser and measuring the dust concentration; and finally, subtracting the influence value of natural light measured in the laser closing state on the dust concentration from the dust concentration measured in the laser opening state to obtain the real dust concentration.
Specifically, when the laser is turned off, collecting dust concentration values S under n groups of natural light, and calculating a median SP of the groups as [ max (S) -min (S) ]/2; wherein, S1 and S2 … … Sn represent n collected concentration values; max(s) represents the maximum value of the acquired data; min (S) represents the minimum value of the acquired data; SP represents the median of the collected data;
the threshold for the median is: YZ ═ SP × T; wherein YZ is a calculated threshold; t is the coefficient of threshold value filtration, and T is more than 0 and less than 1;
screening a dust concentration value M in a threshold fluctuation range, wherein M is { M | SP-YZ < S < SP + YZ }, M is data after median threshold filtering, the number of data is Q, and Q is less than or equal to n;
calculating an average value Z of the data after median threshold filtering;
Z＝(M1+M2+……+MQ)/Q；
wherein Z is the mean value of the natural light signal after median threshold value filtering; m1, … … MQIs a numerical value in the Q group data; q is the number of data in the M array.
According to the operation, the influence of natural light on the dust concentration in the dust concentration detection process is reduced, and the dust concentration detection precision is improved.
Specifically, when a laser is turned on, r groups of dust concentration values Y in a laser state are collected, and the values are Y1 and Y2 … … Yr respectively;
the array without the influence of natural light signal is YP, YPr＝Yr-Z; wherein YPrRemoving data influenced by natural light signals;
calculating an average value CP of data without the influence of the natural light signal;
CP＝(YP1+YP2+……+YPr)/r；
correction of calculation results
And C is CP K, wherein C is the output dust concentration value, and K is the correction scale factor.
This improves the accuracy of detecting the dust concentration.
In this embodiment, the n sets of dust concentrations collected under natural light are 600 sets, and the dust concentrations collected under laser are 600 sets, so that the accuracy of the dust concentration threshold and the accuracy of the measured dust concentration result are ensured.
As shown in fig. 6, the average value of the collected dust concentration is calculated in the natural light state, then the dust concentration value is collected in the laser on state, and the average value of the dust concentration collected in the natural light is subtracted from the dust concentration value collected in the laser loading state, so that the dust concentration value with high precision is obtained, and the influence of natural light noise is reduced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a dust concentration detection device that high accuracy open was easily maintained, a serial communication port, including base (1), be provided with detection zone (2) on base (1), be provided with laser emission unit (3), light trap (4) and photoelectric conversion unit (5) on base (1), laser emission unit (3) with light trap (4) set up respectively the relative both sides of detection zone (2), photoelectric conversion unit (5) set up the upside of detection zone (2), can dismantle on base (1) and be provided with shell (6), shell (6) cover detection zone (2), be provided with a plurality of through-holes (7) on shell (6), through-hole (7) with detection zone (2) intercommunication.
2. A high-precision open easy-maintenance dust concentration detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that a light shielding plate (8) is arranged on the base (1), the light shielding plate (8) is arranged on the side of the detection area (2), and the light shielding plate (8) is fixed on two sides of the photoelectric conversion unit (5); the base (1) is also provided with a guide plate (9), and the guide plate (9) and the shading plate (8) are fixed to form a frame-shaped structure.
3. The high-precision open type easy-maintenance dust concentration detection device according to claim 1, wherein a heat dissipation sleeve (10) is fixed on the base (1), a fin (11) is fixed on the heat dissipation sleeve (10), and the heat dissipation sleeve (10) is sleeved on the laser emission unit (3); the photoelectric conversion unit (5) is electrically connected with a main control board (12), and the main control board (12) is arranged in the base (1).
4. A high-precision open type easy-maintenance dust concentration detection device according to claim 3, wherein a body (13) is arranged at the upper end of the base (1), a circuit board (14) electrically connected with the main control board (12) is arranged on the body (13), a display screen (15) is electrically connected to the circuit board (14), and the display screen (15) is arranged on the body (13).
5. The open dust concentration detection device that easily maintains of high accuracy according to claim 4, characterized in that, photoelectric conversion unit (5) is silicon photocell, and the silicon photocell is provided with light filter (16) near detection region (2) one side, and main control board (12) is silicon photocell control circuit board, and silicon photocell control circuit board is fixed on base (1).
6. A high-precision open type easy-to-maintain dust concentration detection device according to claim 1, wherein a light outlet (19) is provided on the base (1), the laser emission port of the laser emission unit (3) is aligned with the light outlet (19), a light inlet (20) is further provided on the base (1), the optical trap (4) is aligned with the light inlet (20), and the light outlet (19) and the light inlet (20) are both horn-shaped.
7. A high-precision open type easily-maintained dust concentration detection method is characterized in that firstly, a dust concentration detection device is opened, a laser is closed, natural light data are collected, and an influence value of natural light on dust concentration is calculated; then, turning on a laser and measuring the dust concentration; and finally, subtracting the influence value of the natural light dust concentration measured in the closed state of the laser from the dust concentration measured in the open state of the laser to obtain the real dust concentration.
8. A high-precision open easy-maintenance dust concentration detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that when the laser is turned off, dust concentration values S under n groups of natural light are collected, and a median SP ═ max (S) -min (S) ]/2 of the groups is calculated; wherein, S1 and S2 … … Sn represent n collected concentration values; max(s) represents the maximum value of the acquired data; min (S) represents the minimum value of the acquired data; SP represents the median of the collected data;
the threshold for the median is: YZ ═ SP × T; wherein YZ is a calculated threshold; t is the coefficient of threshold value filtration, and T is more than 0 and less than 1;
screening a dust concentration value M in a threshold fluctuation range, wherein M is { M | SP-YZ < S < SP + YZ }, M is data after median threshold filtering, the number of data is Q, and Q is less than or equal to n;
calculating an average value Z of the data after median threshold filtering;
Z＝(M1+M2+……+MQ)/Q；
wherein Z is the mean value of the natural light signal after median threshold value filtering; m1, … … MQIs a numerical value in the Q group data; q is the number of data in the M array.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein when the laser is turned on, r sets of values of dust concentration Y in laser state are collected, Y1 and Y2 … … Yr respectively;
the array without the influence of natural light signal is YP, YPr＝Yr-Z; wherein YPrRemoving data influenced by natural light signals;
calculating an average value CP of data without the influence of the natural light signal;
CP＝(YP1+YP2+……+YPr)/r；
correction of calculation results
And C is CP K, wherein C is the output dust concentration value, and K is the correction scale factor.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114264580A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-04-01 | 上海龙象环保科技股份有限公司 | Explosion-proof type high concentration dust on-line measuring device |
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