CN111876669B - Control method of process for smelting low-carbon steel by converter - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/08—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires for concrete reinforcement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method for a process for smelting low-carbon steel by a converter. The specific operation is that when the low-carbon low-silicon steel is smelted in a converter, the corresponding relation between the end point carbon and the end point oxygen in each interval is determined at the required end point temperature according to the process requirements. Then calculating the addition amount of the deoxidizer according to the oxygen content of molten steel; the end-point oxygen determination is cancelled, and the relation between end-point carbon and a deoxidizer is directly adopted for adding the deoxidizer, so that the deoxidizing effect is achieved, and the purpose of reducing the cost of the oxygen determination probe is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel preparation, and particularly relates to a control method of a process for smelting low-carbon steel by a converter.
Background
The oxygen content of the molten steel at the smelting end point of the converter is mainly related to the end point carbon content, the end point manganese content, the end point temperature and the TFe content of the end slag. At the start of melting, elements having a higher affinity for oxygen than carbon are first oxidized, so that when the content of these elements having a high deoxidizing ability in molten steel is high, the content of oxygen in the steel depends on the content of these elements having a high deoxidizing ability. As these deoxidizing elements are oxidized quickly, when the deoxidizing elements are trace in the molten steel, the oxygen content in the steel is mainly determined by the carbon content in the molten steel. Particularly, when low-carbon steel is smelted in a converter, the end point carbon is less than 0.08%, when the end point carbon is controlled to be low, the influence of the end point temperature and the end point manganese content on the oxygen content of the molten steel is small, and the end slag TFe cannot be obtained on site in time, so that the rapid method for predicting the oxygen content of the molten steel only depends on the end point carbon. Therefore, when low-carbon steel with less than 0.08 percent of carbon is smelted in the converter, the oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point is mainly determined by the carbon content at the end point, the oxygen content of the molten steel and the carbon at the end point are in a negative exponential relationship, the carbon at the end point is low, the oxygen at the end point is high, and the addition amount of the deoxidizer is large; the end point carbon is high, the end point oxygen is low, the addition amount of the deoxidizer is small, and the calculation of the addition amount of the deoxidizer has important significance for controlling the quality of molten steel.
When the low-carbon low-silicon steel is produced by the prior art, the converter smelting end point oxygen determination is needed, and the addition amount of the deoxidizer is calculated according to the oxygen content, so that the cost of the end point oxygen determination probe is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a control method of a process for smelting low-carbon steel by a converter, and the method relates to a process operation method for calculating the addition amount of a deoxidizer according to the relation between the end point carbon content and the end point molten steel oxygen content of the converter, so that end point oxygen determination is not needed, the oxygen determination cost is saved, and the effect of controlling the oxygen of the incoming molten steel is achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a control method of a process for smelting low-carbon steel by a converter, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Si: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Mn: 0.02% -0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable residual elements; the production process comprises converter smelting, argon blowing station refining, continuous casting blank heating and rolling, wherein the converter smelting comprises converter loading, converter tapping and argon blowing station control, in the converter smelting step, when C is less than or equal to 0.08%, the end point oxygen content of the converter depends on the end point carbon content, and the following steps are executed under the condition that the end point oxygen content is greater than the set critical end point oxygen content: adding a deoxidizer into the molten steel after the converter is finished according to the end-point oxygen content;
wherein, a), end point carbon and end point oxygen relationship:
end point [ O ]]And end point [ C]Is represented by the formula [ O ]]＝1176-130.5[c]10-2+4.179[c]×10-2；
b) End point oxygen to end point temperature relationship:
the end point [ O ] is related to the end point temperature T, and the relation is that [ O ] ═ 5.125T-7652;
c) the relationship between the terminal oxygen and the terminal manganese is as follows:
[O]＝5.09T-61.0[C]-17.7[Mn]-7152
d) the relation between the addition amount of the deoxidizer and the deoxidation amount is as follows:
Δ [ O ] ═ 257+115W (deoxidizer),
in the formula, Delta [ O ]]-amount of deoxidation/. times.10–6W (deoxidizer) -manganese aluminum iron addition amount/kg/t.
In the above control method for the process of smelting low carbon steel in the converter, in the c) calculation formula, when the temperature T is 1923K and the Mn content is 0.05%, the relation between the end point oxygen content and the end point carbon content is simplified to [ O ]]＝282[C]-0.355。
According to the control method of the process for smelting the low-carbon steel by the converter, the oxygen content of the molten steel is controlled to be 30-150 ppm when the molten steel enters an argon blowing station due to the deoxidation effect during the tapping process of the converter.
According to the control method of the process for smelting the low-carbon steel by the converter, the deoxidizer is high-aluminum ferromanganese.
According to the control method of the process for smelting the low-carbon steel by the converter, the aluminum feeding line is used for deep deoxidation in the argon blowing station, and the calcium silicon feeding line is used for calcification treatment, so that the oxygen content of a continuous casting platform on molten steel is lower than 60 ppm.
The process for smelting the low-carbon steel by the converter comprises the following steps:
s1 molten steel smelting
Smelting molten iron and/or scrap steel materials by a converter or an electric furnace to obtain molten steel; when the condition is satisfied: the temperature is 1615-1625 ℃, C: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Si: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Mn: 0.02% -0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, S: controlling the mass fraction of oxygen in the molten steel according to the grade to be less than or equal to 0.030 percent, and tapping; during tapping, adding medium-carbon Mn-Fe, after high-aluminum Mn-Fe tapping, blowing argon through an argon blowing station according to chemical components of low-carbon steel, and adding alloy bulk materials to adjust the contents of C, Si and Mn elements in molten steel;
s2 continuous casting
(without an LF furnace, LF refining is deleted) qualified molten steel is continuously poured in a whole-process protection mode, the temperature of a tundish is 1515-1535 ℃, the drawing speed is more than or equal to 4.0m/s, D-type inclusions in produced continuous casting square billet steel are less than or equal to 2.0 grade, and Ds-type inclusions are less than or equal to 2.0 grade; the loosening and cracking grade is less than or equal to 1.5 grade, and the macroscopic defect meets the requirement of a qualified continuous casting billet;
s3 continuous casting billet heating
The continuous casting billet is hot-charged at the temperature of 1100-1140 ℃ in a heating soaking section of a steel rolling heating furnace, and the heating time is 60-90 min; or the continuous casting billet is cold-packed at the temperature of 1120-1160 ℃ in the heating soaking section of the steel rolling heating furnace, and the heating time is cold-packed for 80-110 min;
s4 Rolling
And continuously rolling the heated continuous casting blank, controlling the initial rolling temperature to be 980-1020 ℃, obtaining a rolled steel bar according to the dimension specification of the wire rod and the final rolling temperature to be 960-1000 ℃, and blowing and cooling the rolled steel bar in the air by a fan to obtain the process for smelting the low-carbon steel by the converter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, at the smelting end point, the oxygen determination of the molten steel is carried out, and then the deoxidation calculation is carried out according to the oxygen determination value to determine the addition amount of the deoxidizer. In the prior art, the relation between the end point carbon and the end point oxygen of the low-carbon low-silicon steel is applied, so that the end point oxygen determination of molten steel is not needed, and the addition amount of a deoxidizer is directly determined by using the end point carbon, thereby optimizing the process operation and reducing the cost of an end point oxygen determination probe.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Examples
The invention provides a control method of a process for smelting low-carbon steel by a converter, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Si: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Mn: 0.02% -0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable residual elements; specification: the production process comprises converter smelting, argon blowing station refining, continuous casting and continuous casting billet heating and rolling, wherein the converter smelting comprises converter loading, converter tapping and argon blowing station control, in the converter smelting step, when C is less than or equal to 0.08%, the end point oxygen content of the converter depends on the end point carbon content, and the following steps are executed under the condition that the end point oxygen content is greater than the set critical end point oxygen content: adding a deoxidizer into the molten steel after the converter is finished according to the end-point oxygen content;
wherein, a), end point carbon and end point oxygen relationship:
end point [ O ]]And end point [ C]Is represented by the formula [ O ]]＝1176-130.5[c]10-2+4.179[c]×10-2；
b) End point oxygen to end point temperature relationship:
the end point [ O ] is related to the end point temperature T, and the relation is that [ O ] ═ 5.125T-7652;
c) the relationship between the terminal oxygen and the terminal manganese is as follows:
[O]＝5.09T-61.0[C]-17.7[Mn]-7152
d) the relation between the addition amount of the deoxidizer and the deoxidation amount is as follows:
Δ [ O ] ═ 257+115W (deoxidizer),
in the formula, Delta [ O ]]-amount of deoxidation/. times.10–6W (deoxidizer) -manganese aluminum iron addition amount/kg/t.
The main process flow of the production of the low-carbon low-silicon steel seeds comprises the following steps: molten iron pretreatment → converter smelting → argon blowing refining in an argon blowing station → continuous casting of square billets.
The molten iron is pretreated, and the sulfur content S of the molten iron discharged from the station is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.030 percent.
During converter smelting, the loading amount of the scrap steel accounts for 10-15% of the total loading amount; the final slag alkalinity target is 2.8-3.5; the end point C of the converter is 0.03-0.06 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.025 percent and S is less than or equal to 0.025 percent.
Combining the formula and the experiment, the relation of tapping [ C ] and [ O ] is shown in Table 1 when the end point temperature is 1660 ℃ and the end point residual manganese content is 0.05%.
TABLE 1 relationship between tapping carbon and oxygen in molten steel
| End point [ C]％ | End point [ O ]]×10–6 |
| 0.02～0.03 | 1000～1100 |
| 0.03～0.04 | 950～1000 |
| 0.04～0.05 | 850～950 |
| 0.05～0.06 | 750～850 |
| 0.06～0.07 | 650～750 |
| 0.07～0.08 | 550～650 |
Determining the addition of aluminum, manganese and iron as deoxidizers according to the end point carbon
The converter uses deoxidation alloying silicon aluminum barium, high aluminum ferromanganese and medium carbon Fe-Mn. Because the silicon-aluminum-barium and the medium-carbon ferromanganese also participate in deoxidation in the molten steel, the oxygen in the remaining molten steel is completely deoxidized by the high-aluminum ferromanganese after the silicon-aluminum-barium and the medium-carbon ferromanganese participate in deoxidation according to the alloy yield. And calculating the addition of the high-aluminum ferromanganese according to the reaction formula.
The addition amount of FeMnAl refers to Table 2 on the premise that the tapping temperature is 1640-
TABLE 2 corresponding relationship between the amount of Fe-Mn-Al added and the terminal oxygen of low-carbon low-silicon steel
| End point [ C]％ | End point (O). times.10–6 | Oxygen removal amount is multiplied by 10–6 | MnAlFe amount Kg/furnace | The MnAlFe content is Kg/T |
| 0.02～0.03 | 1100 | 950～1050 | 520～590 | 6.0～6.8 |
| 0.03～0.04 | 1000 | 850～950 | 440～520 | 5.1～6.0 |
| 0.04～0.05 | 900 | 750～850 | 370～440 | 4.3～5.1 |
| 0.05～0.06 | 800 | 650～750 | 300～370 | 3.5～4.3 |
| 0.06～0.07 | 700 | 550～650 | 220～300 | 2.5～3.5 |
| 0.07～0.08 | 600 | 450～550 | 150～220 | 1.7～2.5 |
Controlling the tapping process: the tapping temperature is 1640-1680 ℃; tapping time is 4-7 min; and silicon-aluminum-barium, high-aluminum-ferromanganese and medium-carbon Fe-Mn are added in the tapping process, and the addition is required to be finished before the tapping reaches 3/4. And (3) adding a slag-stopping rod for stopping slag when the steel is tapped to about 3/4, ensuring that the slag discharging of the steel ladle is less than or equal to 50mm, and adding a slag-stopping plug after the slag-stopping rod is poked out of the steel.
The actual addition amount of the alloy is properly adjusted according to the conditions of molten steel amount, molten steel oxidability, alloy components, slag removal and the like, and 30-150 ppm of station oxygen is ensured.
And (3) refining control of an argon blowing station: ensuring 16-20 minutes of on-station time, determining the aluminum feeding linear quantity according to the on-station oxygen for deep deoxidation, then feeding SiCa line 300m for calcification treatment, and improving the SiCa line feeding quantity due to abnormal conditions such as oxygen return. The soft blowing time is more than or equal to 5min after the SiCa wire is fed. Molten steel requirements of an upper continuous casting platform are as follows: alpha O is not less than 20ppm and not more than 50 ppm.
Claims (5)
1. The control method of the process for smelting the low-carbon steel by the converter is characterized in that the low-carbon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Si: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Mn: 0.02% -0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.03%, S: less than or equal to 0.03 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable residual elements; the process comprises converter smelting, continuous casting billet heating and rolling, wherein the converter smelting comprises converter loading, converter tapping and argon blowing station control, in the converter smelting step, when the C is less than or equal to 0.08%, the end point oxygen content of the converter depends on the end point carbon content, and the following steps are executed under the condition that the end point oxygen content is greater than the set critical end point oxygen content: adding a deoxidizer into the molten steel after the converter is finished according to the end-point oxygen content;
wherein, a), end point carbon and end point oxygen relationship:
end point [ O ]]And end point [ C]Is represented by the formula [ O ]]=1176-130.5[C]10-2+4.179[C]×10-2；
In the formula [ C]-end point carbon,. times.10-6；[O]-end point oxygen content,. times.10-6；
b) End point oxygen to end point temperature relationship:
end point [ O ] is related to end point temperature T, and the relation is [ O ] = 5.125T-7652;
wherein T-end point temperature, DEG C; [ O ]]-end point oxygen content,. times.10-6；
c) The relationship between the terminal oxygen and the terminal manganese is shown in the formula
[O] =5.09T-61.0 [C]-17.7[Mn]-7152
Wherein T-end point temperature, DEG C; [ C ]]-end point carbon,. times.10-4；[Mn]-end point manganese,. times.10-4；[O]-end point oxygen content,. times.10-6；
d) The relation between the addition amount of the deoxidizer and the deoxidation amount is as follows:
Δ[O] = 257 + 115 Wdeoxidizing agent，
In the formula, Delta [ O ]]-amount of deoxidation/. times.10–6， WDeoxidizing agent-ferromanganese addition/kg/t.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the calculation formula of c), when the temperature T is 1923K and the Mn content is 0.05%, the relation between the terminal oxygen content and the terminal carbon content is simplified to [ O ]]=282[C]-0.355；
[C]-end point carbon,. times.10-4；[O]-end point oxygen content,. times.10-6。
3. The method for controlling the process of smelting the low-carbon steel by the converter according to claim 1, wherein a deoxidizer is added in the tapping process during the smelting and tapping of the converter, and the deoxidation effect requires that the oxygen content of the molten steel is controlled to be 30ppm to 150ppm when the molten steel enters an argon blowing station.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the oxygen content of the continuous casting platform on the molten steel is less than 6ppm by performing deep deoxidation on the aluminum feeding line and calcification on the calcium silicon feeding line in the argon blowing station.
5. The method for controlling the process of smelting low-carbon steel by the converter according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 molten steel smelting
Smelting molten iron and/or scrap steel materials by a converter to obtain molten steel; when the condition is satisfied: the temperature is 1615-1625 ℃, C: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Si: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Mn: 0.02% -0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.03%, S: controlling the mass fraction of oxygen in the molten steel according to the grade to be less than or equal to 0.03 percent, and tapping; during tapping, adding Si iron and Mn iron, after the ferromanganese aluminum iron is tapped, blowing argon through an argon blowing station according to chemical components of low-carbon steel, and adding alloy bulk materials to adjust the contents of C, Si and Mn elements in molten steel;
s2 continuous casting
The qualified molten steel is continuously poured in a whole-process protection mode, the temperature of a tundish ranges from 1515 ℃ to 1535 ℃, the drawing speed is more than or equal to 4.0m/s, D-type inclusions in the produced continuous casting square billet steel are less than or equal to 2.0 grade, and Ds-type inclusions are less than or equal to 2.0 grade; the loosening and cracking grade is less than or equal to 1.5 grade, and the macroscopic defect meets the requirement of a qualified continuous casting billet;
s3 continuous casting billet heating
The continuous casting billet is hot-charged at the temperature of 1100-1140 ℃ in a heating soaking section of a steel rolling heating furnace, and the heating time is 60-90 min; or the continuous casting billet is cold-packed at the temperature of 1120-1160 ℃ in the heating soaking section of the steel rolling heating furnace, and the heating time is cold-packed for 80-110 min;
s4 Rolling
And continuously rolling the heated continuous casting blank, controlling the initial rolling temperature to be 980-1020 ℃, obtaining a rolled steel bar according to the dimension specification of the wire rod and the final rolling temperature to be 960-1000 ℃, and blowing and cooling the rolled steel bar in the air by a fan to obtain the process for smelting the low-carbon steel by the converter.
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| CN114836593A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-02 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Smelting process of low-carbon aluminum-containing cold forging steel |
| CN115418430B (en) * | 2022-07-17 | 2023-07-28 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Operation method for duplex smelting ladle cold steel |
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