CN111875579A - Organic molecule based on difluoride dithiophene unit and application of organic molecule as hole transport material in perovskite solar cell - Google Patents
Organic molecule based on difluoride dithiophene unit and application of organic molecule as hole transport material in perovskite solar cell Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- -1 difluoride dithiophene unit Chemical group 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000002816 methylsulfanyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S[*] 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- OHZAHWOAMVVGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-bithiophene Chemical compound C1=CSC(C=2SC=CC=2)=C1 OHZAHWOAMVVGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004770 highest occupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- WPAQIMRFMFRJTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-fluorothiophene Chemical group FC=1C=CSC=1 WPAQIMRFMFRJTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010129 solution processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ICPSWZFVWAPUKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-spirobi[fluorene] Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C4(C=5C(C6=CC=CC=C6C=5)=CC=C4)C=CC=C3C2=C1 ICPSWZFVWAPUKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDXWNHPWWKGTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 207739-72-8 Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N(C=1C=C2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C2=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C1=CC(=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=C13)N(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 XDXWNHPWWKGTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKFROQCFVXOUPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(methylthio) aniline Chemical compound CSC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YKFROQCFVXOUPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQTLUXJWUCHKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-n,n-diphenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SQTLUXJWUCHKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYMOOSNNBFODQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylsulfanyl-N-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-N-phenylaniline Chemical compound CSC1=CC=C(N(C2=CC=CC=C2)C2=CC=C(C=C2)SC)C=C1 YYMOOSNNBFODQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHUFBWDFQAKRNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC1=CC=CC=C1.CSC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1.CSC1=CC=CC=C1 AHUFBWDFQAKRNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical compound N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic functional materials, and discloses organic molecules based on a difluoride thiophene unit and application thereof as a hole transport material in a perovskite solar cell. Specifically, organic molecular materials (DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT) of 3,3 '-difluoro- [2,2' -dithiophene ] with two ends symmetrically connected with bis (4- (methylthio) diphenyl) amine and bis (4- (methylthio) triphenyl) amine are synthesized, and the two materials are used as hole transport layers to be applied to planar perovskite solar cells. The energy conversion efficiency of the planar perovskite solar cell based on DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT as hole transport layers can exceed 19 percent respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic functional materials, and particularly relates to design of an organic molecular material and application of the organic molecular material as a hole transport layer.
Background
The energy conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (pero-SCs) is rapidly increasing from 3.8% (A.Kojima, Y.Shiral, T.Miyasaka, et al.J.Am.chem.Soc.2009,131: 6050-. Perovskite solar cells not only have high efficiency, but also have the advantages of low cost, solution processing and the like, and become a novel solar cell technology which is hopefully substituted for inorganic silicon cells. In pero-SCs, the Hole Transport Material (HTM) plays a key role in extracting and transporting holes, and has a great influence on both the efficiency and stability of the device. The organic molecule hole transport material has the advantages of solution processing spin coating preparation, diversified structure, definite structure, avoidance of batch difference, convenience in purification, high repeatability and the like. The standard reference of the most widely used hole transport material in the perovskite solar cell at present is based on spirobifluorene bulky molecule Spiro-OMeTAD, and the synthesized molecular material DM with a fluorenyl substituted terminal is designed based on the molecular structure, and the highest efficiency can reach 23.2% when being applied to the mesoporous perovskite solar cell (N.J.Jeon, H.J.Na, J.W. Seo et al.A fluorene-terminated hole-transport material for high efficiency and stable perovskite solar cell Nature Energy2018,3, 682-689). However, the spirobifluorenyl-based molecular material has many synthesis steps, high purification cost, complex preparation process of mesoporous devices and low repeatability, and in order to better perform commercial application, a hole transport material which can meet the requirements of high efficiency, low synthesis cost and improved stability of corresponding devices needs to be sought.
The invention discloses a structure of an organic molecular hole transport material, which is characterized in that a 3-fluorothiophene unit with good planarity in an organic photoelectric material is selected as a central element to construct a novel molecular hole transport material template with an electron donor unit (D) -plane fluoro pi bridge (PF-pi) -electron donor unit (D). Organic molecular materials (DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT) of 3,3 '-difluoro- [2,2' -dithiophene ] with two ends symmetrically connected with bis (4- (methylthio) diphenyl) amine and bis (4- (methylthio) triphenyl) amine are synthesized according to a template, and the two materials are used as hole transport layers and applied to planar perovskite solar cells.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a structural design method of an organic molecular hole transport material, which is characterized in that a 3-fluorothiophene unit with good planarity commonly seen in an organic photoelectric material is selected as a central element, and bis (4- (methylthio) diphenyl) amine or bis (4- (methylthio) triphenylamine is symmetrically connected with two ends of the central element to construct a novel molecular hole transport material with an electron donor unit (D) -plane fluoro pi bridge (PF-pi) -electron donor unit (D). The structural general formula of the organic molecular material provided by the invention is shown as formula I:
(formula I)
D is selected from:
or
Designing according to formula I, synthesizing two new materials, which are respectively: formula II and formula III
The DFBT-DPA-MT and the DFBT-TPA-MT are used as hole transport layers to be applied to the preparation of planar perovskite solar cells.
Further, the photovoltaic device is based on CH3NH3PbI3The perovskite solar cell of (1).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a structural design method of an organic molecule hole transport material, and two new materials are synthesized according to the method: with 3,3 '-difluoro- [2,2' -dithiophene]The two ends of the compound are symmetrically connected with bis (4- (methylthio) diphenyl) amine or bis (4- (methylthio) triphenyl) as a centerOrganic molecular materials of amines, namely: DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT. They have good solubility in common organic solvents (such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane, toluene, chlorobenzene, etc.), and can be used for preparing high-quality films by a solution method. At the same time, these molecules have suitable HOMO energy levels. CH-based hole transport layer preparation using DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT as hole transport layers3NH3PbI3The optimized perovskite solar cell has the maximum energy conversion efficiency of more than 19 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scheme showing the synthesis of DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT organic molecules of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows absorption spectra of solid films prepared from DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT.
FIG. 3 is a cyclic voltammogram of the DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT films.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a planar perovskite solar cell.
FIG. 5 is a current-voltage graph (J-V curve) of a planar perovskite solar cell based on DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise indicated, are commercially available or may be prepared by known methods.
Example 1, 3' -difluoro-N5,N5,N5',N5'-tetrakis (4- (methylthio) phenyl) - [2,2' -dithiophene]5,5 '-diamine and 4,4' - (3,3 '-difluoro- [2,2' -dithiophene)]Synthesis of (E) -5,5' -bis) bis (N, N-bis (4- (methylthio) phenyl) aniline) (DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT)
DFBT-DPA-MT
50ml of toluene was added to a two-neck flask, and bis (4- (methylthio) phenyl) amine (1.723g, 2.2 eq) (prepared as in CN201810874655.X), 5,5' -dibromo-3, 3' -difluoro-2, 2' -dithiophene (0.978g, 3mmol), tris (diimide)Benzylpyrylacetone) dipalladium (54.9mg, 0.02 equiv.), tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate (26.1mg, 0.03 equiv.), and sodium tert-butoxide (0.864g, 3 equiv.) were added to the flask and the reaction stirred in an oil bath for 12 h. After the solution was cooled, deionized water and dichloromethane were added for extraction three times, the organic phases were combined, and the organic phase was washed twice with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution. Adding anhydrous magnesium sulfate, drying, and purifying with neutral alumina chromatographic column with eluent of 2: 1(v/v) dichloromethane/petroleum ether. The resulting product was dissolved in acetone and recrystallized from methanol to collect the product DFBT-DPA-MT as an orange-yellow solid (1.45g, 70.5%). Compounds were characterized by mass spectrometry. C36H30F2N2S6Exact Mass(720.07),MS(MADI-TOF)(720.1)。
The structure validation data is as follows:1h NMR (500MHz, chloroform-d) (ppm) 7.20-7.18(d,8H), 7.10-7.08(d,8H),5.30(s,2H),2.47(s,12H).
DFBT-TPA-MT
50ml of toluene was added to a two-necked flask, and 4-bromo-N, N-bis (4- (methylthio) benzene) aniline (1.723g, 2.2 equivalents), 3,3 '-difluoro- [2,2' -bithiophene were taken]-5,5' -bistrimethyltin (0.978g, 3mmol) and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (54.9mg, 0.02 eq.) were added to the flask and the reaction stirred in an oil bath for 12 h. After the solution was cooled, deionized water and dichloromethane were added for extraction three times, the organic phases were combined, and the organic phase was washed twice with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution. Adding anhydrous magnesium sulfate, drying, and purifying with neutral alumina chromatographic column with eluent of 1:1(v/v) dichloromethane/petroleum ether. The resulting product was dissolved in acetone and recrystallized from methanol to collect the product DFBT-TPA-MT as a yellow solid (1.45g, 70.5%). Compounds were characterized by mass spectrometry. C48H38F2N2S6Exact Mass (872.13),MS(MADI-TOF)(872.1)。
The structure validation data is as follows:1h NMR (500MHz, chloroform-d) (ppm) 7.43-7.39(m,4H), 7.20-7.18(m,8H),7.05-7.02(m,12H),6.97(s,2H),2.48(s,12H).
DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT are well dissolved in common solvents such as chloroform, toluene and chlorobenzene.
The transmission spectra of the organic molecular materials DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT solid films prepared in this example are shown in FIG. 2. The thin films of the compounds DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT are respectively dissolved in dichloromethane and then formed on a quartz plate by adopting a solution spin coating method, the absorption of the thin film of the DFBT-DPA-MT compound in a visible light region is mainly concentrated within 450nm, and the thin film of the DFBT-TPA-MT compound in the visible light region.
FIG. 3 is a cyclic voltammogram based on DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT films. And respectively and directly dissolving DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT in a chloroform solution of tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate by taking Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode for measurement. The initial oxidation potential of DFBT-DPA-MT was found to be 0.12V, and then represented by the formula HOMO ═ E (E)ox onset+4.70) (eV) — 4.8 eV. The DFBT-TPA-MT was found to have an initial oxidation potential of 0.39V and a HOMO ═ E (E)ox onset+4.70)(eV)＝-5.09eV.
Example 2 photovoltaic Properties of inverted perovskite solar cells based on DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT as hole transport layers
Preparation of CH-based hole transport layers with DFBT-DPA-MT and DFBT-TPA-MT3NH3PbI3Perovskite solar cell device.
The structure of the reverse device is ITO/(DFBT-DPA-MT or DFBT-TPA-MT)/CH3NH3PbI3/C60(FIG. 4) BCP/Ag.
The preparation method of the reverse device comprises the following steps: and ultrasonically washing the ITO glass for 15min by using a detergent, ethanol and acetone in sequence, drying the ITO glass by using dry air, and carrying out UVO treatment for 20 min. The hole-transporting material was then spin-coated at 5000rpm (40s) and dissolved in 1ml of chlorobenzene. Then annealed in a glove box at 100 ℃ for 5 min. PdI spin coating at 3500rpm2After 20s, CH is added dropwise3NH3I, annealing at 90 ℃ for 8min after the operation is finished. The perovskite layer was then coated with 20nm of C60 and 8nm of BCP by evaporation. Finally at 2.0X 10-6And (3) evaporating a silver electrode with the thickness of 80nm on the cavity layer by thermal evaporation under the pressure Pa. The preparation process of the whole perovskite battery is as follows, and the maximum effective area of the battery is0.07cm2. In filling with N2AM1.5G intensity (100 mW/cm) using xenon lamp solar simulator in glove box (Takara Shuzo)2) Three parameters of open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and fill factor of the prepared solar cell device were tested, and the xenon lamp solar simulator was calibrated in the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) using a silicon diode (with KG5 visible filter).
FIG. 5 is a current-voltage curve for a DFBT-DPA-MTP and DFBT-TPA-MTP based inverter devices. The open-circuit voltage of the optimal device (10mg/mL DFBT-DPA-MTP) based on the DFBT-DPA-MTP is 1.09V, and the short-circuit current is 23.01mA/cm2The fill factor was 79.61%, and the energy conversion efficiency was 19.88%. The open-circuit voltage of the DFBT-TPA-MTP optimal device (10mg/mL DFBT-TPA-MTP) is 1.05V, and the short-circuit current is 22.45mA/cm2The fill factor was 82.77%, and the energy conversion efficiency was 19.5%.
The invention is described with reference to specific embodiments and examples. However, the invention is not limited to only the described embodiments and examples. One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, based on the teachings herein, that many modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. An organic molecule based on a difluorinated dithiophene unit characterized in that: selecting a 3,3 '-difluoro- [2,2' -dithiophene ] unit as a center, and symmetrically connecting bis (4- (methylthio) diphenyl) amine or bis (4- (methylthio) triphenyl) amine at two ends to construct an organic molecule, wherein the organic molecule material is shown as a structural general formula I:
d is selected from:
2. the organic molecule based on difluorodithiophene units of claim 1, characterized in that: the organic molecular material is shown in a formula II or a formula III,
3. use of the organic molecular material based on difluorodithiophene units according to claim 1 or 2 as hole transport layer material for the production of photovoltaic devices.
4. The use of the organic molecular material based on difluorodithiophene units as a hole transport layer material according to claim 3 for the production of photovoltaic devices, characterized in that: the photovoltaic device is based on CH3NH3PbI3The perovskite solar cell of (1).
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