CN111873885B

CN111873885B - Highway engineering quality detection car convenient to use

Info

Publication number: CN111873885B
Application number: CN202010751279.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙喜军; 石国靖; 施全敏; 刘莹莹; 张超; 张坤; 施卫锋; 付洪豪; 张合鹏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-07-30
Filing date: 2020-07-30
Publication date: 2023-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-30
Also published as: CN111873885A

Abstract

The invention provides a conveniently used highway engineering quality detection vehicle, wherein a working platform in a carriage is fixedly connected with driving racks at the bottoms of two side edges along the length direction of a vehicle body, a pair of driving gear and driven gear which are meshed with each other is respectively arranged between the driving racks and the driven racks, the driven racks are fixedly connected with a middle rack, one end of the middle rack facing the tail part of the carriage extends into a guide groove of a horizontally arranged guide rail and is connected with a driving rod of a two-link mechanism, a longitudinal level gauge in a planeness detection part is fixedly connected on a rotating sleeve, and a cylindrical gear meshed with the middle rack is fixedly connected on the rotating sleeve; the positioning rod on the rear axle shell is provided with a U-shaped notch, two opposite side walls of the opening of the notch are respectively provided with a limiting pin in a sliding way, and when the middle rack extends out towards the tail part of the carriage until the middle rack is completely disengaged from the cylindrical gear, the connecting rod just rotates into the notch to be clamped and fixed. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, diversified functions, convenient use and management and good comprehensive performance.

Description

Highway engineering quality detection car convenient to use

Technical Field

The invention relates to highway engineering detection equipment, in particular to a highway engineering quality detection vehicle convenient to use.

Background

When the highway is detected, a plurality of devices are required to be carried so as to be convenient for field real-time sampling detection, at present, all the instruments and devices are generally arranged in a carriage, the carriage is drilled into to move out when the instruments and devices are used, the instruments and devices are moved in after use, when the instruments and devices are numerous, the required devices must be selected from messy and disordered devices to move out, the operation personnel can hardly enter the carriage filled with the instruments, the operation space during transportation is extremely small, and the use and daily management are complicated. In addition, instrument equipment is arranged in a carriage, because the instrument equipment is not well fixed, the instrument equipment is easy to collide with each other, especially, collision and damage among the equipment are easy to occur during bumping, if each equipment is independently fixed and isolated, a large amount of time is consumed, a plurality of special fasteners and packaging components are designed, which is not preferable from the aspects of manpower and financial resources, therefore, the instrument equipment can be usually arranged in a vehicle only randomly, the required equipment is selected and removed when the instrument equipment is used, detection indexes such as road flatness, comprehensive mechanical property and the like need to collect road information of a long section, and the data obtained by sampling at the existing dense interval sampling points has poor relevance and insufficient continuity. Therefore, the conventional road engineering quality detection vehicle is only used as a transportation carrier, and has the advantages of extremely low integration level, single function, inconvenience in use and poor comprehensive performance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the detection vehicle in the prior art is only used as a transportation carrier, and has extremely low integration level, single function, inconvenient use and poor comprehensive performance.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a highway engineering quality detection vehicle convenient to use comprises a vehicle body, wherein two ends of a rear axle shell of the vehicle body, which is used for mounting a rear wheel driving shaft, are of a circular tubular structure, and the rear axle shell extends out for a length along the width direction of a carriage of the vehicle body;

a plurality of rollers are uniformly arranged on the inner bottom surface of the carriage at intervals along the width direction of the carriage body, a workbench for fixedly installing instruments is supported and arranged on the upper surface of each roller, the bottoms of the edges of the two sides of the workbench along the length direction of the carriage body are fixedly connected with a driving rack, and the rollers are arranged between the two driving racks and are vertical to the two driving racks; a driven rack is arranged below each driving rack in a sliding mode and is parallel to the driving racks, a pair of driving gears and driven gears which are meshed with each other are respectively arranged between the driving racks and the driven racks on each side, the driving gears on each side are correspondingly meshed with the driving racks, and the driven gears are correspondingly meshed with the driven racks; the middle section of the bottom surface of the middle rack is provided with gear teeth, the two side sections of the middle rack are smooth horizontal planes, one end of the middle rack facing the tail part of the carriage extends into a guide groove of a horizontally arranged guide rail and is connected with a driving rod of the two-link mechanism, the top end of the driving rod of the two-link mechanism is hinged with the top end of the driven rod, so that the two-link mechanism can be in an inverted V-shaped structure, wherein the bottom end of the driving rod is in rolling fit with the groove bottom of the guide groove, the bottom end of the driven rod is hinged with one end of the groove bottom of the guide groove facing the tail part of the carriage, and at least one of the driven rod and the driving rod is fixedly connected with the guide rail through a reset spring, so that the two-link mechanism can be accommodated in the guide groove when the driving rod does not obtain driving force; the guide rail is arranged in a base strip in a sliding fit manner, the base strip is fixedly connected with the carriage, so that when the driven rack extends out towards the tail of the carriage, the middle rack pushes the two-link mechanism to form the inverted V-shaped structure in the guide groove to support the bottom of the extended workbench, and meanwhile, the guide rail also extends out of the tail of the carriage;

the flatness detection component comprises a transverse level and a pair of longitudinal levels fixedly connected with a connecting rod respectively, one end of each of the two longitudinal levels is fixedly connected to two ends of the transverse level correspondingly respectively so that the flatness detection component is integrally in an n shape, the other end of each of the longitudinal levels is fixedly connected to the outer wall of a rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve is coaxially and rotationally sleeved on a section of the rear axle shell extending out of the carriage, a cylindrical gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve, and the cylindrical gear is meshed with the middle rack; the rear axle shell is also fixedly connected with an L-shaped positioning rod, one section of the positioning rod is fixedly connected with the rear axle shell, the other section of the positioning rod horizontally extends towards the tail part of the carriage and is provided with a U-shaped notch with an upward opening, two opposite side walls at the opening of the notch are respectively provided with a limiting pin in a sliding way, one ends of the two limiting pins mutually face each other and obliquely extend out of the inner side wall of the notch, the other end of the two limiting pins is connected into the side wall of the notch through a top spring, the distance between the mutually opposite ends of the two limiting pins is smaller than the diameter of the connecting rod, so that when the rotating sleeve rotates towards one side of the positioning rod, the connecting rod can extrude the gap between the two limiting pins and then is clamped into the notch below the two limiting pins, and a longitudinal level gauge connected with the connecting rod is positioned at the horizontal position; the intermediate rack must satisfy the following conditions: when the middle rack extends out towards the tail of the carriage until the middle rack is completely disengaged from the cylindrical gear, the connecting rod is just rotated into the notch to be clamped and fixed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention mainly realizes linkage of the workbench, the supporting part of the workbench and the flatness detection part through input control of the driving gear, the structure is tightly connected, the action elements are tightly matched, the driving gear is subjected to input control to realize extension or rotary installation of all the parts in place, the efficiency is extremely high, an operator does not need to frequently enter and exit the carriage, the operation is convenient, and meanwhile, the accidental collision of instruments is reduced. In addition, the workbench extends out of the carriage and is in an open environment, so that the operation, the checking and the supervision of workers are facilitated, more workers can participate, and the detection efficiency is greatly improved.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic end view of a structure in which the table and the driving rack are integrated;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of one of the structures in the lower right corner of FIG. 1 within the rectangular dashed area;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of an alternate structure within the rectangular dashed area at the lower right corner of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the intermediate rack and the cylindrical gear about to complete the meshing transmission;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the intermediate rack completely disengaged from the spur gear;

FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of a two-bar linkage;

FIG. 8 is a right side view of the attachment structure at the spur gear of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the link rod being caught in the notch of the positioning rod;

fig. 10 is an axial partial sectional view of the integrated detecting unit.

The device comprises a carriage 1, a workbench 2, a roller 3, a driving rack 4, a driving gear 5, a driven gear 6, a driven rack 7, wheels 8, a longitudinal level meter 9, a connecting rod 10, a transverse level meter 11, a middle rack 12a, a sliding rod 12b, a guide rail 13, a driving rod 14, a driven rod 15, a return spring 16, a rear axle shell 17, a rotating sleeve 18, a cylindrical gear 19a, a cylindrical flange 19b, a positioning rod 20, a limiting pin 21, a top spring 22, a hydraulic rod 23, a blind pipe 24, a pressure sensor 25, a pressure bearing spring 26, a sliding shaft 27, a rigid roller 28, a protective sleeve 29, a second distance sensor 30, a base strip 31, a first distance sensor 32, an extending section 33, an adjusting disc 34, a friction plate 35, a pre-tightening spring 36, a positioning shaft shoulder 37, a hand crank 38, a limiting column 39, a plug-in sleeve 40, a sliding block 41, a connecting column 42 and a driving rod 43.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the functions of the invention clearer and easier to understand, the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the detailed implementation mode:

the embodiment discloses a highway engineering quality detection vehicle convenient to use, as shown in fig. 1, which mainly comprises a vehicle body, wherein a rear axle shell 17 of the vehicle body for mounting a rear wheel driving shaft of the vehicle body is generally in a tubular structure with a large middle part and gradually reduced towards two ends and is used as a protective shell of the driving shaft, parts of the rear axle shell 17, close to the two ends, of the embodiment are in a round tubular structure, namely a cylindrical tubular shell structure, and the rear axle shell 17 extends out for a length along the width direction of a carriage 1 of the vehicle body, namely the length is longer than the total length of a rear axle of a conventional vehicle.

With continuing reference to fig. 1 and 3, a plurality of rollers 3 are uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the carriage 1 of the embodiment at intervals along the width direction of the carriage body, a workbench 2 for fixedly installing instruments is supported on the upper surface of each roller 3, a plurality of instruments and equipment for detection are integrally installed on the workbench 2, and with the aid of fig. 2, the bottom of the edges of two sides of the workbench 2 along the length direction of the carriage body are fixedly connected with a driving rack 4, and the rollers 3 are installed between the two driving racks 4 and are perpendicular to the driving racks 4 so as to easily receive and transport the workbench 2 in the shape of a cuboid plate. A driven rack 7 is slidably mounted below each driving rack 4 in parallel with the driving rack, a pair of driving gears 5 and driven gears 6 which are meshed with each other are mounted between the driving rack 4 and the driven rack 7 on each side, the driving gear 5 on each side is correspondingly meshed with the driving rack 4, the driven gears 6 are correspondingly meshed with the driven racks 7, and a hand crank 38 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 5 to facilitate manual operation and rotation, or a driving device can be connected externally. A middle rack 12a is horizontally and fixedly connected to one end of the driven rack 7 facing the tail of the carriage 1, the middle section of the bottom surface of the middle rack 12a is provided with gear teeth, the two side sections are smooth horizontal planes, and one end of the middle rack 12a facing the tail of the carriage 1 extends into a guide groove of a horizontally arranged guide rail 13 and is connected with a driving rod 14 of the two-link 10 mechanism, the top end of the driving rod 14 of the two-link 10 mechanism is hinged to the top end of a driven rod 15, so that the two-link 10 mechanism can be in an inverted V-shaped structure, wherein the bottom end of the driving rod 14 is in rolling fit with the groove bottom of the guide groove, the bottom end of the driven rod 15 is hinged to one end of the groove bottom of the guide groove facing the tail of the carriage 1, and at least one of the driven rod 15 and the driving rod 14 is fixedly connected with the guide rail 13 through a return spring 16, so that the two-link 10 mechanism can be accommodated in the guide groove when the driving rod 14 does not obtain driving force. The guide rail 13 is installed in a base strip 31 in a sliding fit manner, the base strip 31 is fixedly connected with the carriage 1, so that when the driven rack 7 extends towards the tail of the carriage 1, the middle rack 12a pushes the two-link 10 mechanism to form the inverted V-shaped structure in the guide groove to support the bottom of the extended workbench 2, and meanwhile, the guide rail 13 also extends out of the tail of the carriage 1.

The detection vehicle further comprises a flatness detection component, wherein the flatness detection component comprises a transverse level 11 and a pair of longitudinal levels 9 fixedly connected with a connecting rod 10, one ends of the two longitudinal levels 9 are fixedly connected to two ends of the transverse level 11 correspondingly respectively, so that the flatness detection component is integrally in an 'II' shape, the other ends of the longitudinal levels 9 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of a rotating sleeve 18, the rotating sleeve 18 is coaxially sleeved on one section of the rear axle shell 17 extending out of the carriage 1 in a rotating matching mode, a cylindrical gear 19a is further coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve 18, and the cylindrical gear 19a is meshed with the middle rack 12 a. An L-shaped positioning rod 20 is further fixedly connected to the rear axle housing 17, as shown in fig. 8, one section of the positioning rod 20 is fixedly connected to the rear axle housing 17, the other section of the positioning rod extends horizontally toward the rear of the carriage 1 and is provided with a U-shaped notch with an upward opening, referring to fig. 9, a limiting pin 21 is slidably mounted in each of two opposite side walls of the opening of the notch, one ends of the two limiting pins 21 extend out of the inner side wall of the notch in an opposite and oblique manner, the other end of the two limiting pins 21 is connected to the inside of the side wall of the notch through a top spring 22, and a distance between the opposite ends of the two limiting pins 21 is smaller than a diameter of the connecting rod 10, so that when the rotating sleeve 18 rotates toward one side of the positioning rod 20, the connecting rod 10 can extrude a gap between the two limiting pins 21 and then be clamped into the notch below the two limiting pins 21, and the longitudinal level gauge 9 connected to the connecting rod 10 is in a horizontal position. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the intermediate rack 12a must also satisfy the following condition: when the middle rack 12a extends towards the tail of the carriage 1 until the middle rack is completely disengaged from the cylindrical gear 19a, the connecting rod 10 just rotates into the notch to be clamped and fixed, otherwise, the driven rack 7 cannot move forwards any more after the connecting rod 10 is clamped, so that the supporting position of the two-connecting-rod 10 mechanism on the workbench 2 is influenced, and the supporting effect is influenced. As shown in fig. 5-6, the intermediate rack 12a can be disengaged from the cylindrical gear 19a to ensure that the link 10 does not interfere with further horizontal movement of the intermediate rack 12a after it is rotated into position. The longitudinal gradienter 9 in the planeness detection part is used for detecting the levelness in the length direction of a path after being horizontally placed, the transverse gradienter 11 is used for detecting the levelness in the width direction of a road, the levelness in a certain position of the road can be detected in a longitudinal and transverse combination mode, whether the road is inclined or not is judged, the structure is simple and reliable, visual observation can be carried out, the motion states of the two gradienters can be considered to be observed when the road is driven, and the change of the two levelness values is preliminarily judged. As a specific use method, during detection, detection can be carried out on a set theoretical road model in advance, the position range of the air bubbles of the three gradienters in the instrument tube under the set qualified road parameters is recorded, the surface of the instrument tube is marked, the limit of the position range of each air bubble under the qualified road condition is drawn, and the planeness of the road surface is simply and actually measured initially. And can also draw position-time and/or position-path curve, the position is the scale of the instrument tube surface corresponding to the bubble, the time is a certain time point, the position-time curve can show the bubble position scale at a specific moment, namely the position of the bubble. Similarly, the position-path curve can show the position scale of the bubble when the vehicle travels to a certain position, namely the position of the bubble.

When the highway engineering quality detection vehicle in the embodiment is used, the door plate at the tail of the carriage 1 is opened, the driving gear 5 is driven to rotate by manual operation or external driving equipment, and the workbench 2 where the driving rack 4 is located begins to extend out of the tail of the carriage 1; meanwhile, on one hand, the driven gear 6 drives the driven rack 7 to also extend towards the tail of the carriage 1, on the other hand, the cylindrical gear 19a also starts to slowly rotate to drive the connecting rod 10 at the initial vertical position to rotate towards one side of the tail of the carriage 1, so that the three are linked, when the workbench 2 extends in place and exposes detection equipment required to be used, on one hand, the guide rail 13 extends in place towards the tail of the carriage 1, and the two connecting rod 10 mechanisms on the guide rail 13 are also jacked to be inverted V-shaped by the sliding rod 12b, so that the extended workbench 2 is firmly supported, on the other hand, the cylindrical gear 19a driven by the intermediate rack 12a drives the rotating sleeve 18 to rotate in place, and the connecting rod 10 fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve 18 is just clamped into a notch of the positioning rod 20, so that the flatness detection part rotates in place. Of course, for the sequence of the transmission of the above components, the selection can be adaptively made according to the respective lengths and the initial positions of the contacts, but not only the only action manner, and the design or operation can be adaptively selected by those skilled in the art based on the structural principle of the present invention. For example, the flatness detecting unit may be rotated first, or rotated later, or moved into position together with the two-bar linkage 10 and the table 2. Therefore, the invention has the advantages that the structure is tightly connected, the action elements are tightly matched, the driving gear 5 is subjected to one input control, all parts can be stretched or rotatably installed in place, and the efficiency is extremely high. After the workbench 2 extends out of the carriage 1, the workbench is in an open environment, so that the workbench is convenient for operators to operate, check and supervise, and more people can participate.

In the embodiment in which the link 10 is rotated into the notch of the positioning rod 20 to position the link 10, so as to achieve accurate installation of the flatness detection component, the following two specific structures are also provided in the present embodiment:

first, referring to fig. 4, the intermediate rack 12a is replaced with a smooth sliding rod 12b, and the cylindrical gear 19a is replaced with a cylindrical flange 19b, i.e., a shoulder-like ring structure. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: instead of the intermediate rack 12a, a telescopic rod 12b is horizontally fixed to the end of the driven rack 7 toward the rear of the car 1. It is noted that the rod 12b has a certain elastic extension and contraction structure, for example, two sections of elastic telescopic rods connected by a spring socket, and a slider 41 is integrally fixed to the rod 12b, the slider 41 may be made into a T-shaped slider 41 structure, and the rod 12b still extends into the guide groove of the horizontally arranged guide rail 13 toward the rear of the car 1 and is connected to the driving rod 14 of the two-link 10 mechanism. It is also critical that the slider 41 is slidably engaged with the base strip 31 installed on the car body 1 so that the slider 41 can slide in the horizontal direction, i.e., the sliding rod 12b can move in the horizontal direction. Meanwhile, a connecting column 42 is vertically fixed on the end surface of the cylindrical flange 19b, which is used for replacing the cylindrical gear 19a, facing the outside of the carriage 1, the connecting column 42 is hinged with one end of a driving rod 43 perpendicular to the connecting column 42, and the other end of the driving rod 43 is hinged on the sliding block 41, therefore, when the driven rack 7 moves towards the tail of the carriage 1, the sliding rod 12b pushes the two-link 10 mechanism and simultaneously drives the cylindrical flange 19b to rotate around the axis of the rear axle housing 17 within a certain angle range through the driving rod 43, so that the cylindrical flange 19b located at the initial position (for example, the longitudinal level 9 is vertically arranged) rotates to the horizontal position towards the tail of the carriage 1 and is clamped in the notch of the positioning rod 20 for fixing. For example, as shown in fig. 4, when the sliding rod 12b moves horizontally toward the right rear of the vehicle in fig. 4, the cylindrical flange 19b is driven to rotate clockwise, so that the connecting rod 10 rotates toward the rear of the vehicle, and can reach the notch of the positioning rod 20 to be fixed. In addition, a gear structure can be additionally processed at one end of the cylindrical flange 19b to be connected with an external driving force as a driving part, which is equivalent to a reverse transmission of a transmission chain from the driving rack 4 to the cylindrical flange 19b, the driving rod 43 is still hinged with the sliding rod 12b and the cylindrical flange 19b, and the installation position and the length of the driving rod 43 can be adaptively adjusted, so that the driving rod 43 is driven by the rotation of the cylindrical flange with the gear structure to horizontally reciprocate in the base strip 31. However, the two types of the above-mentioned matching transmission based on the cylindrical flange 19b, the driving rod 43 and the slider 41 on the sliding rod 12b are mainly applied to a small-sized inspection vehicle, because the elongation of the driving workbench 2 is limited, if the driving workbench 2 is a large-sized workbench 2, the diameter of the cylindrical flange 19b is made very large, the chassis of the inspection vehicle is greatly raised, which is not beneficial to manufacturing and driving detection on roads, but has the advantages that the installation and sliding stability of the driven rack 7 and the like can be improved, the manufacturing and installation of elements such as an installation bearing and the like for the sliding installation and limiting of the driven rack 7 can be reduced, and the structure is greatly simplified, because the sliding rod 12b is slidably supported by the base strip 31.

As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a first distance sensor 32 is further installed on the transverse level 11, and the first distance sensor 32 can detect the height of the top of the underpass when the highway engineering quality detecting vehicle drives into the underpass. In addition, as shown in fig. 7, the top of the driving rod 14 or the driven rod 15 of the present embodiment has a vertical extension 33, the top of the extension 33 is made into a smooth arc, the top of the extension 33 can be in supporting contact with the bottom surface of the workbench 2, and it is also convenient that the inverted V-shaped supporting structure of the two-link mechanism 10 can be in sliding contact with the workbench 2 through the top of the smooth arc of the extension 33 after being formed in place, so that the two-link mechanism 10 and the workbench 2 can be extended or retracted in a consistent and coordinated manner when necessary. With continued reference to fig. 7, for the two-link mechanism 10, in this embodiment, preferably, a limit post 39 may be provided in the included angle between the driving rod 14 and the driven rod 15 near the top end, and the limit post 39 may be fixed on the inner sidewall of any one of the driving rod 14 and the driven rod 15, so as to maintain a constant angle when the inverted V-shaped structure is formed in place, thereby ensuring a constant support height for stably and effectively supporting the table 2.

Further, the present embodiment is also specifically designed: in order to be more fully received in the guide groove, for example, completely immersed in the guide groove when the two-link mechanism 10 is received, preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the limiting post 39 is made into an arc-shaped steel bar structure, the center of the arc-shaped steel bar is concentric with the center of the hinged shaft between the driving rod 14 and the driven rod 15, for example, the arc-shaped steel bar is fixed on the driven rod 15, and accordingly, an insertion sleeve 40 is installed on the driving rod 14, a hole in the insertion sleeve 40 is also an arc-shaped blind hole, and the center of an extending path of the blind hole is also concentric with the center of the hinged shaft, so that when the two-link mechanism 10 is closed to form an inverted V-shaped structure, the arc-shaped steel bar is just inserted into the arc-shaped blind hole and is inserted to the bottom, and at this time, if the driving rod 14 is further pushed by the intermediate rack 12a, the two-link mechanism 10 in the guide rail 13 will continue to move towards the outside of the carriage 1 along with the guide rail 13 as a whole structure is unchanged until the table 2 is extended out of the carriage 1, so as to achieve how much of the two-link mechanisms 10 as to extend, and accordingly, the two-link mechanisms can also effectively support the platform 2, and accordingly, the supporting mechanism can be very obviously matched to the supporting platform 2. Of course, in the foregoing embodiment, the two-bar linkage 10 mechanism can also achieve the stability of the inverted V-shaped structure of the two-bar linkage 10 mechanism in place according to the elastic force of the return spring 16, that is, the thrust of the middle rack 12a cannot overcome the elastic force of the return spring 16 that has been extended to a certain extent, and therefore, the two-bar linkage 10 mechanism also moves along with the guide rail 13 as a rigid stable structure at this time, but this kind of mechanism is often suitable for the use of the workbench 2 of the light equipment, and its driving force is relatively small, and for some heavy equipment transportation with a vehicle, the weight of the workbench 2 and the equipment placed above the workbench is very large, and the return spring 16 needs to be stiff after the inverted V-shaped structure of the two-bar linkage 10 mechanism is stable in order to avoid the elastic deformation caused by the structural change, and its required coefficient is quite large, and at this time, it is not favorable for the transmission between the driving rack 4 and the driven rack 7, the power of the required external power equipment is very large, and the wear of the components is also serious, and therefore, it is not suitable for a road engineering quality detection vehicle with heavy equipment with a vehicle. Besides, the above-mentioned return spring 16 can be used to ensure the stable inverted V-shaped structure of the two-link mechanism 10, and actually, when the guide rail 13 and the workbench 2 both extend out of the vehicle tail, because the vertical gap between the two is fixed, the height of the two-link mechanism 10 can only be within the vertical gap after moving in place, that is, the inverted V-shaped structure of the two-link mechanism 10 does not change after moving in place, and the guide rail 13 continues to move, so that a larger friction is generated between the top end of the two-link mechanism 10 and the workbench 2, therefore, the above-mentioned limit column 39 is designed, but similarly, for the light road engineering quality inspection vehicle, the top of the two-link mechanism 10 and the bottom of the workbench 2 are both processed into smooth surfaces, or are changed into a rolling contact design, and the above-mentioned problems can be avoided to a certain extent, so that the invention can still be used as an alternative design scheme of the present invention, and the light weight can be comprehensively selected and manufactured by combining the simple design requirements and economic aspects of the inspection structure according to specific objects such as light road engineering quality inspection vehicles.

The highway engineering quality detection vehicle in the embodiment further comprises a comprehensive detection part, referring to fig. 10, the comprehensive detection part comprises a hydraulic rod 23, a blind pipe 24, a pressure sensor 25, a pressure bearing spring 26, a sliding shaft 27 and a rigid roller 28, the hydraulic rod 23 is fixedly mounted on the carriage 1, the output end of the hydraulic rod 23 is fixedly connected with the blind pipe 24, a blind hole is formed in the blind pipe 24, the pressure sensor 25 is mounted at the bottom of the blind hole, the pressure sensor 25 is connected with the sliding shaft 27 which is mounted in the blind hole in a sliding fit manner through the pressure bearing spring 26, and the rigid roller 28 is mounted at one end, extending out of the blind hole, of the sliding shaft 27. When the vehicle runs on a cleaned road, the rigid roller 28 is pressed down through the hydraulic rod 23 to be in full pressing contact with the road surface, so that the pressure of the rigid roller 28 on the pressure-bearing spring 26 is influenced by the hollow or fluctuating slope of the road surface in the running process, the pressure sensor 25 detects a corresponding series of pressure change values to form a pressure-time and/or pressure-path curve, and certain reference value is provided for detecting the road condition, so that the specific on-site exploration detection is performed on the specific detected road surface. In specific implementation, the principle of direct comparison of the planeness detection part with theoretical parameters can still be referred to, that is, firstly, the road is driven for a certain distance on an ideal qualified road surface to obtain the pressure-time and/or pressure-distance curve, and then, when the road to be detected is detected actually, the acquired curve is directly compared with the ideal qualified curve obtained on the ideal qualified road surface. For a local road section, when a vehicle stops at a plurality of preset sampling positions, the hydraulic rod 23 can be started to initially measure the hardness and rigidity of a local road surface, under the indirect rated pushing force of the hydraulic rod 23 on the rigid roller 28, whether the hardness of the road surface is uniform or not is judged according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 25 and the compression amount change of the pressure-bearing spring 26 at different positions, and the hardness is analyzed to reach the standard or not by visually comparing the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 25 and the compression amount of the pressure-bearing spring 26 under the experimental condition. In addition, since the road surface cannot be absolutely flat, in order to ensure sufficient, stable and reliable contact between the rigid roller 28 and the road surface to be detected, the rigid roller 28 is in the shape of bead abacus, that is, the rolling contact between the rigid roller and the road surface is point contact at every specific time point, and the detection of the pressure is more reliable. Meanwhile, the end of the sliding shaft 27 facing the pressure sensor 25 is provided with a second distance sensor 30, which is used for detecting a distance value between the second distance sensor and the pressure sensor 25, wherein the distance value is mainly used for detecting the shrinkage of the spring, and is consistent with the change of the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 25 to a certain extent, and belongs to a purely mechanical supplementary detection and verification of the electrical detection element of the pressure sensor 25. Specifically, the pressure sensor 25 is built in a protection sleeve 29, and the protection sleeve 29 is coaxially fixed to an end surface of the slide shaft 27 and coaxially disposed inside the pressure spring 26. During detection, the compression amount-time and/or compression amount-path curve can be drawn by the shrinkage of the spring, and qualitative judgment can be carried out by the principle of directly comparing theoretical parameters.

In addition, the present embodiment further includes an error adjustment device installed on a section of the rear axle housing 17 extending out of the car 1, and is mainly used for the situation that the position of the notch of the positioning rod 20 is changed due to deformation or displacement of the positioning rod under some unexpected circumstances, so as to affect the detection of the corresponding level gauge. If the positioning rod 20 is deformed or displaced, the position of the notch is changed, and the final installation position of the connecting rod 10 after rotation is inaccurate, so that the detection of each level gauge by the comprehensive detection component is inaccurate due to installation errors. As shown in fig. 8, the specific structure is as follows: the difference adjusting device comprises an adjusting disc 34, two friction plates 35 and a pre-tightening spring 36, wherein the adjusting disc 34 is sleeved on a threaded shaft section of the rear axle shell 17 in a threaded connection mode, one section of the positioning rod 20 is fixedly connected with the adjusting disc 34, the friction plates 35 and the pre-tightening spring 36 can be sleeved on a smooth shaft section of the rear axle shell 17 in an axial sliding mode, the pre-tightening spring 36 is located between the two friction plates 35, and the rotating sleeve 18 on the rear axle shell 17 can be axially pushed tightly through the friction plates 35 and the pre-tightening spring 36 when the adjusting disc 34 is screwed. Since the adjusting disc 34 connected to the positioning rod 20 is always in a fastened state, and generally does not rotate, if the positioning rod 20 is found to be offset, the adjusting disc 34 can be further screwed by hand to adjust the positioning rod 20 in place. Because the adjusting disk 34 is actually in very firm mounted state by itself, if the adjusting disk 34 is rotated slightly by hand, it will be very arduous by itself, therefore, need carry out laborsaving operation design to the adjusting disk 34, as follows: the adjusting disk 34 comprises a tubular adjusting sleeve and a circular hand wheel connected by radially arranged reinforcing ribs, and the combination of the reinforcing ribs and the hand wheel is equivalent to a common automobile steering wheel. The adjusting sleeve is in threaded connection with a threaded shaft of the rear axle shell 17, a stepped hole is axially formed in the friction plate 35 close to one side of the adjusting sleeve, a larger hole section in the stepped hole is sleeved on the threaded shaft section and is not in contact with the threaded shaft section, and a smaller hole section is in sliding fit with the smooth shaft section. Due to the design, the adjusting disc 34 can be rotated by a large hand wheel, so that labor is saved, and fine adjustment of the rotation amount of the adjusting disc 34 is facilitated due to the large diameter of the hand wheel.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a highway engineering quality detection car convenient to use, includes the vehicle body, its characterized in that: the two ends of a rear axle shell of the vehicle body, which is used for mounting a rear wheel driving shaft of the vehicle body, are of a circular tubular structure, and the rear axle shell extends out of a section of length along the width direction of a carriage of the vehicle body;

a plurality of rollers are uniformly arranged on the inner bottom surface of the carriage at intervals along the width direction of the carriage body, a workbench for fixedly installing instruments is supported and arranged on the upper surface of each roller, the bottoms of the edges of the two sides of the workbench along the length direction of the carriage body are fixedly connected with a driving rack, and the rollers are arranged between the two driving racks and are vertical to the two driving racks; a driven rack is arranged below each driving rack in a sliding mode and is parallel to the driving rack, a pair of driving gears and driven gears which are meshed with each other are respectively arranged between the driving racks and the driven racks on each side, the driving gear on each side is correspondingly meshed with the driving rack, and the driven gear is correspondingly meshed with the driven rack; the middle section of the bottom surface of the middle rack is provided with gear teeth, the two side sections of the middle rack are smooth horizontal planes, one end of the middle rack facing the tail part of the carriage extends into a guide groove of a horizontally arranged guide rail and is connected with a driving rod of a two-link mechanism, the top end of the driving rod of the two-link mechanism is hinged with the top end of a driven rod, so that the two-link mechanism can be in an inverted V-shaped structure, wherein the bottom end of the driving rod is in rolling fit with the groove bottom of the guide groove, the bottom end of the driven rod is hinged with one end of the groove bottom of the guide groove facing the tail part of the carriage, and at least one of the driven rod and the driving rod is fixedly connected with the guide rail through a return spring, so that the two-link mechanism can be accommodated in the guide groove when the driving rod does not obtain driving force; the guide rail is arranged in a base strip in a sliding fit manner, the base strip is fixedly connected with the carriage, so that when the driven rack extends towards the tail of the carriage, the middle rack pushes the two-link mechanism to form the inverted V-shaped structure in the guide groove to support the extending bottom of the workbench, and meanwhile, the guide rail also extends out of the tail of the carriage;

2. The convenient-to-use road engineering quality detection vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a first distance sensor is further installed on the transverse level, and the first distance sensor can detect the height of the top of the underpass when the highway engineering quality detection vehicle drives into the underpass.